Development of Nanoplatelet Composites

Graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs) are an attractive class of reinforcement materials as they offer both high modulus and high strength. GNPs have a thickness of less than 100 nm although their planar dimensions can be as large as a few micrometers. As with any other nanoscale particles, their effectiveness as a reinforcement phase depends on the surface functionalization, which controls dispersion and interfacial bonding. A simple surface oxidation using nitric acid is shown to yield as good an improvement in composite properties as a few other functional groups chemically bonded to the surface do. The properties discussed include modulus, strength, fracture toughness, adhesive strength, thermal and electrical conductivities, and dielectric constants. Methods of further exfoliating graphite nanoplatelets are discussed together with the associated benefits on composite properties. Potential applications of graphite nanoplatelet composites are presented to conclude the report.