Biomaterial-cell-tissue interactions in surface engineered carbon-based biomedical implants and devices

Implantable prosthesis and medical devices are subjected to several interacting forces whenever they come in contact with the physiologic systems (blood, immune, musculoskeletal, nervous, digestive, respiratory, reproductive, and urinary) and organs of the human body. These interactions include the effects of core body temperature (and/ or variable temperatures in the oral cavity), the body physiologic fluids containing several ions and bio-molecules, proteins and cells of various progeny and functions. This chapter focuses on cell-tissue-implant interactions and how carbon-based implants are being developed for next generation implantable devices.