Antimony trifluoride-modified carbon paste electrode for electrochemical stripping analysis of selected heavy metals

In this article, a new typ of non-mercury metal-based electrode, antimony trifluoridebulk- modified carbon paste electrode (SbF3-CPE) is for the first time reported and examined for electrochemical stripping analysis of selected heavy metal ions at their trace concentration level. In the role of bulk modifier and a source of antimony film generated in state nascenti, SbF3 in a content of 3% (w/w) in the carbon paste mixture was the ultimate choice. All important experimental parameters have been optimised by using Cd(II) and Pb(II) as the model ions and employing the square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) as the proper technique. As found out, the SbF3-CPE has exhibited a finely linear response (with R2 = 0.999) in the concentration range of 20–120 g·L-1 Me(II), while the signal of interest could be reproduced with a relative error of 6.5% for Cd and 1.2% for Pb (n = 7).