HARKE: Human Activity Recognition from Kinetic Energy Harvesting Data in Wearable Devices

Kinetic energy harvesting (KEH) may help combat battery issues in wearable devices. While the primary objective of KEH is to generate energy from human activities, the harvested energy itself contains information about human activities that most wearable devices try to detect using motion sensors. In principle, it is therefore possible to use KEH both as a power generator and a sensor for human activity recognition (HAR), saving sensor-related power consumption. Our aim is to quantify the potential of human activity recognition from kinetic energy harvesting (HARKE). We evaluate the performance of HARKE using two independent datasets: (i) a public accelerometer dataset converted into KEH data through theoretical modeling; and (ii) a real KEH dataset collected from volunteers performing activities of daily living while wearing a data-logger that we built of a piezoelectric energy harvester. Our results show that HARKE achieves an accuracy of 80% to 95%, depending on the dataset and the placement of the device on the human body. We conduct detailed power consumption measurements to understand and quantify the power saving opportunity of HARKE. The results demonstrate that HARKE can save 79% of the overall system power consumption of conventional accelerometer-based HAR.