Ispitivanje ekotoksičnosti proizvoda degradacije organskih zagađujućih supstanci u vodi nakon tretmana unapređenim oksidacionim procesima

U okviru ove disertacije ispitana je degradacija 4CP (para-hlorfenol), reaktivnih azo boja i ibuprofena primenom unapređenih oksidacionih procesa (eng. Advanced Oxidation Processes, AOP) kao što su Fentonov reagens, DBD reaktor (eng. Dielectric Barrier Discharge) i elektrohemijske degradacije. Efikasnost degradacija zagađujućih organskih supstanci optimizovana je dodatkom homogenog katalizatora (Fe2+ ili H2O2) u reaktor, primenom različitih elektrodnih materijala ili variranjem vremena tretmana. Dekolorizacija (%) je praćena UV-VIS tehnikom, efikasnost degradacije je praćena jonskom hromatografijom (IC) i HPLC tehnikom. Identifikacija glavnih proizvoda degradacije, kao i mehanizmi degradacije određeni su LC-MS (TOF) tehnikom. Efikasnost mineralizacije je određena preko TOC vrednosti. Tretman netermalnom plazmom (eng. non-thermal plasma NTP) u DBD reaktoru je ispitan tokom degradaciji 4CP do biodegradabilnijih i manje toksičnih intermedijera. Eksperimentalni rad je organizovan u tri sistema za degradaciju 4CP: DBD, DBD/H2O2 i DBD/Fe2+. Praćena je efikasnost degrdacije 4CP u funkciji broja prolaza kroz DBD reaktor, kao i količini unete energije po jedinici zapremine rastvora (gustina energije, kJ/L). Koncentracija 4CP, kao i koncentracija pojedinih proizvoda degradacije merena je nakon svakog prolaza. Koncentracije proizvoda degradacije 4CP kao što su sirćetna, mravlja ili oksalna kiselina, bile su niže u sistemu gde je kao katalizator upotrebljeno gvožđe DBD/Fe2+ u poređenju sa sistemom gde je kao katalizator primenjen vodonik-peroksid DBD/H2O2. Koncentracija hlorida u sva tri sistema je rasla tokom procesa degradacije. Najviša koncentracija hlorida, zabeležena je u sistemu sa dodatkom Fe2+ kao katalizatora. Procena toksičnosti početnog rastvora 4CP, kao i rastvora tretiranih u sva tri sistema ispitana je pomoću A.salina. U odnosu na početni (netretirani) rastvor 4CP, nakon tretmana DBD/Fe2+ porcenat preživelih larvi A. salina se povećao za 95%. Degradacija reaktivni
In this thesis the degradation of 4CP (para-chlorophenol), reactive azo dyes and ibuprofen was studied using the Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP) such as Fenton's reagent, Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) reactor and electrochemical degradation. The efficiency of degradation was optimized by addition of a homogenous catalyst (Fe2+ or H2O2) to the reactor and also by applying different electrode materials or by varying the duration of the treatment. The decolorization (%) of reactive azo dyes was monitored by UV-VIS technique and the efficiency of degradation was monitored by ion chromatography (IC) and HPLC. Identification of the main degradation products as well as the degradation mechanisms were determined by LC-MS (TOF) technique. The mineralization efficiency was determined through the value of TOC. Treatment by non-thermal plasma (NTP) in the DBD reactor was studied during the degradation of 4CP to biodegradable and less toxic intermediates. Experimental work was organized into three systems for 4CP degradation: DBD, DBD/H2O2 and DBD/Fe2+ . The efficiency of 4CP degradation was evaluated by the number of passing of the solution through the DBD reactor, as well as the amountn of the introduced energy density (kJ/L). The concentration of 4CP, as well as the concentration of the individual degradation products were measured after the each pass. The concentrations of the 4CP degradation products such as acetic, formic or oxalic acid were lower in the system where the iron was used as the catalyst (DBD/Fe2+) in comparison to the system with hydrogen peroxide as the catalyst (DBD/H2O2). The concentration of chloride in all three systems increased during the degradation process. The highest concentration of chlorides was recorded in the system with the addition of Fe2+ as a catalyst. The toxicity assessment of initial solution of 4CP as well as the solution which has been treated in all three systems was performed using A.salina. In comparison to untreated solutio