The effectiveness of adapted schema therapy for cluster C personality disorders in older adults – integrating positive schemas

In tr od uc ti on : Sc he ma th er ap y (S T) is an ef fi ca ci ou s ps y ch ot he r ap y fo r pe r so n al it y di s or de rs (P Ds ) in ad ul ts . Th e fi rs t em pi r i ca l su p po rt fo r th e ef fe c ti ve ne ss of ST in ol de r ad ul ts wi th cl us te r C PD s wa s pr o vi de d re ce nt ly . ST pa rt ly fo cu ss es on th e po s i ti ve , bu t th er e is an in cr ea s in g aw ar e ne ss of im ba l an ce in th e ST co m mu ni ty be ca us e of th e em ph a si s on ne g a ti ve sc he ma s ve r su s at te n ti on to po s i ti ve sc he ma s. Po s i ti ve sc he ma s ma y be im po r ta nt ve hi cl es of th er a pe u ti c ch an ge in ps y ch ot he r ap y wi th ol de r pe o pl e, as it ma y he lp st re ng th en th e he al th y ad ul t mo de , an d it mi gh t al so he lp ch an ge a ne g a ti ve li fe re vi ew . Su g ge s ti on s we re ma de to in cr ea se th e ef fi ca cy an d fe a si bi l it y of ST in ol de r ad ul ts , in cl ud in g ad ju st in g th e ca se co n ce p tu al i sa ti on , mo d i fy in g th e ex pe ri en ti al te ch ni qu es , ma k in g us e of th e pa ti en t' s wi s do m an d re ac ti va t in g po s i ti ve sc he ma s. Th e ai m of th e cu r re nt st ud y is to in ve s ti ga te th e fe a si bi l it y an d ef fe c ti ve ne ss of ad ap te d in di vi d ua l ST fo r ol de r ad ul ts . Me th od s/ de si gn : A mu l ti pl e ba se li ne de si gn is us ed wi th po s i ti ve an d ne g a ti ve co re be li ef s as pr i ma ry ou t co me me a su re s. Te n ol de r ad ul ts (a ge > 60 ye ar s) wi th cl us te r C PD s ar e tr ea te d wi th sc he ma th er ap y, wi th we ek ly se s si on s du r in g on e ye ar . Th is tr ea t me nt ph as e is pr e ce de d by a ba se li ne ph as e va ry in g ra n do ml y fr om 4 to