Farmakološke, toksikološke i biohemijske osobine preparata gljive Coprinus comatus

Pomoćna lekovita sredstva, gde bi spadale i gljive, mogu značajno da umanje rizik od nastanka dijabetesa, da ga odlože ili da umanje njegove posledice. Pregledom savremene literature se uočava potencijal gljive Coprinus comatus da pomogne u regulisanju nivoa glukoze u krvi. S obzirom da su u Srbiji dostupni komercijalni preparati, postojala je potreba za detaljnim ispitivanjem farmakoloških i toksikoloških osobina gljive Coprinus comatus. Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio da se utvrdi: 1) uticaj preparata gljive Coprinus comatus na glikemiju, histološke karakteristike endokrinog pankreasa i parametre toksičnosti kod ispitivanih životinja; 2) protektivno delovanje preparata gljive Coprinus comatus kod životinja izloženih oksidativnom stresu. Vodena suspenzija gljive Coprinus comatus se primenjivala eksperimentalnim životinjama u tri različite doze (0,835 g/kg; 1,67 g/kg i 3,34 g/kg) i tokom tri vremenska intervala svakodnevno (7, 21 i 42 dana). Za ispitivanje uticaja gljive Coprinus comatus na glikemiju životinja korišćeni su adrenalinski test, test oralnog podnošenja glukoze i indukcija trajne hiperglikemije aloksanom. Od biohemijskih parametara u serumu je određivana koncentracija lipida, uree i kreatinina i enzimska aktivnost aspartat i alanin aminotransferaze. Antioksidantna aktivnost gljive Coprinus comatus je određivana i in vitro i in vivo testovima. Nakon žrtvovanja životinja, tkivo jetre i bubrega bojeno je standardnom hematoksilin i eozin metodom, a pankreasno tkivo imunohistohemijskom metodom. Poredeći promenu telesne mase, vidi se da je ona najmanja u grupi životinja koja je dobijala gljivu u najvećoj dozi. Prateći hipoglikemijski efekat gljive, kod 42-dnevnog tretmana je uočena dozna zavisnost. Ako se uzme u obzir histološki izgled Langerhansovih ostrvaca dobija se potvrda rezultata određivanja koncetracije glukoze u krvi životinja sa aloksanskim dijabetesom. Sedmodnevni tretman gljivom C.comatus u dozi od 3,34 g/kg je doveo do značajnog sniženja koncentraci
Natural health products, including mushrooms, can significantly reduce risk of developing diabetes, to postpone it or to reduce its consequences. A contemporary literature indicates to great potential of Coprinus comatus mushroom to help in regulation of blood glucose level. Considering that commercial products are available in Serbia, there was a need for more detailed pharmacological and toxicological investigation of Coprinus comatus mushroom. The aim of research was to determine: 1) influence of Coprinus comatus mushroom on glycaemia, endocrine pancreas histological features and toxicological parameters of experimental animals; 2) protective action of Coprinus comatus mushroom with animals exposed to oxidative stress, Coprinus comatus mushroom water suspension was administered to experimental animals in three different doses (0,835 g/kg; 1,67 g/kg and 3,34 g/kg) and during three time intervals every day (7, 21 and 42 days), Adrenalin test, oral glucose tolerance test and hyperglycaemia induction with alloxan were used to determine Coprinus comatus influence on giycaemia in animals, Also, serum lipid, urea, creatinine concentration and enzymatic activity of aspartate and alanine aminotransferase were determined. The antioxidant activity of Coprinus comatus mushroom was determined by using both in vitro and in vivo tests, After animals' sacrificing, liver and kidney tissues were dyed using standard hematoxylin eosin method, while pancreas tissue using immunohistochemical method. Comparing body weight gain, it can be seen that the smallest change was in group of animals treated with the highest mushroom dose. Dose dependent hypoglycaemic effect was noticed in a 42-days mushroom treatment. Considering histological appearance of Langerhans islets confirmation of blood glucose concentration in alloxan diabetic animals was obtained. Seven days' treatment of C.comatus mushroom in dose of 3,34 g/kg led to a significant total cholesterol decrease in alloxan diabetic an