The Effect of Noninvasive Ventilation Support on COVID-19 Patients and Risk Factors for Invasive Ventilation – A Retrospective and Multicenter Study

Aiyuan Zhou, 1,* Qing Song, 2,* Yating Peng, 2 Dingding Deng, 3 Xin Liao, 4 Peng Huang, 5 Wenlong Liu, 6 Zhi Xiang, 7 Qimi Liu, 8 Mingyan Jiang,  9 Xiaoying Huang, 10 Xudong Xiang, 11 Hong Peng,  2 Ping Chen  2 1Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; 2Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China; 3Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Attached Hospital of Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, 422001, China; 4Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Shaoyang Central Hospital of University of South China, Shaoyang, Hunan, 422001, China; 5Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan, 412000, China; 6Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yueyang Second People’s Hospital, Designated Hospital of Junshan District, Yueyang, Hunan, 414005, China; 7Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Huaihua Affiliated to University of South China, Huaihua, Hunan, 418000, China; 8Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second People’s Hospital of Guilin, Guilin, Guangxi, 541001, China; 9Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411100, China; 10Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Loudi Central Hospital, Loudi, Hunan, 411100, China; 11Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ping Chen; Hong PengDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail pingchen0731@csu.edu.cn; penghong66@csu.edu.cnBackground: Oxygen therapy (OT) is the most widely used