A Bibliometric Review of characterization of outdoor solar PV panel for shading and validation by PV emulator

Many researchers and experts have begun to work in Renewable Energy (RE) Research and Development (R&D) as an interdisciplinary area ineluctable solution to lower the use of conventional power generation or non-renewable resources. Solar photovoltaic energy has gained a lot of recognition as one of the best green alternatives. However, its firm reliance on environmental and climatic conditions makes it difficult for researchers to conduct experiments at the operational temperature (T) and Solar insolation level (G). These solar PV panels with a controllable light source are inefficient, unreliable, and unsuitable for testing PV algorithms such as Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), microgrids, and energy storage mechanisms. PV array emulators have been developed to address these issues and effectively replace actual solar PV modules in laboratory tests by generating identical PV characteristics and simulating the electrical behavior of PV sources such as maximum power point monitoring (MPPT). Simulating PV arrays under partial shading conditions and PV modules under various climatic conditions has become a significant study area, primarily to validate PV emulators