Study about energy transmission systems for offshore wind farms

L'objectiu es fer un estudi dels diferents sistemes de transmissió elèctrica entre parcs eòlics offshore i les subestaciones de terra a on arriba la potencia. Després d'una introducció de les característiques especials de les turbines i parcs marítims, les dues diferents possibilitats de transmissió seràn discutides: transmissió en alterna i les seves limitacions i transmissió en continua i les seves variants.
El objetivo es hacer un estudio de los diferentes sistemas de transmisión eléctrica entre parques eólicos offshore i las subestaciones de tierra donde llega la potencia. Después de una introducción de las características especiales de las turbinas i parques marítimos, las dos diferentes posibilidades de transmisión serán discutidas: transmisión en alterna y sus limitaciones y transmisión en continua y sus variantes.
This Project is a study about energy transmission systems for the o shore wind environment. Chapter 1 is an introduction to wind energy and wind turbine technology. It starts with a brief history of wind exploitation and explains the current state of wind energy among the rest of the electricity generating energies. Then it moves to present the types of turbine and their classi cation, with detailed remark on the standard turbine and its forming elements such as the generator. Lastly, it ends with a presentation of the control levels carried out to control a wind farm. On the next chapter, Chapter 2, the structure of a wind farm is explained, covering issues such as the collection of power at the output of the turbines and the technical characteristics of the o shore substations. Moreover, the di erent methods of installing turbines on sea are discussed. To continue, on Chapter 3 a study about High-Voltage Alternating Current transmission is done. First of all, a presentation on this method of transmission is done, and then the di erent technologies that it comprises are also covered (AC cables, power electronics for AC systems such as power reactive compensators, interconnection between turbine and cable, etc). Finally, the limitations of HVAC transmission are exposed. Chapter 4 does a study on the HVAC counterpart: High-Voltage Direct Current transmission, following the same scheme as in Chapter 3. First, the main characteristics of this type of transmission are stated, followed by some DC transmission solutions and an explanation on DC cables. Then, the much needed converter technology for a DC system is studied, with all its variations that can nd an o shore application. Finally the two main DC transmission systems (line-commutated basedconverter and voltage source based-converter transmissions) are presented and compared together with the HVAC transmission. On Chapter 5 we nd the conclusions, and highlights the main deductions carried out on the project. Also