Análisis comparativo del proceso inclusivo con relación a la discapacidad intelectual leve y moderada en el bachillerato enfatizando investigaciones realizadas en Ecuador

In this paper, through a bibliographic study, a comparative analysis of the inclusive education of students with intellectual disabilities in some regular educational institutions in Ecuador is carried out. This educational approach that, following the principles of quality and Equity, seeks to develop cognitive and social skills in students. However, conditions are required to be adequate to ensure that the inclusive educational process is beneficial. In this regard, a description of the conditions that make it possible for the process to be successful is made. Also, some results of research conducted in public and private regular educational institutions of the country regarding the inclusion of students with intellectual disabilities are presented. The purpose of reviewing these investigations is to conduct a comparative analysis that allows to have a broader picture of the positive and negative aspects of inclusive education in the Ecuadorian context. The conclusions highlight the importance of this educational approach so that students with intellectual disabilities can develop interpersonal relationships and strengthen their autonomy. However, there are conditions that are not being the most appropriate to enrich the learning process, such as: teacher training and the participation of families.