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Mechanistic PK-PD model of alendronate treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis predicts bone site-specific response

Authors :
Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica y Fabricación
Universidad de Sevilla. TEP111: Ingeniería mecánica
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España
Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España
Calvo Gallego, José Luis
Pivonka, Peter
Ruiz Lozano, Rocío
Martínez Reina, Francisco Javier
Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica y Fabricación
Universidad de Sevilla. TEP111: Ingeniería mecánica
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España
Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España
Calvo Gallego, José Luis
Pivonka, Peter
Ruiz Lozano, Rocío
Martínez Reina, Francisco Javier
Publication Year :
2022

Abstract

Alendronate is the most widely used drug for postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO). It inhibits bone resorption, affecting osteoclasts. Pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of alendronate have been widely studied, but few mathematical models exist to simulate its effect. In this work, we have developed a PK model for alendronate, valid for short- and long-term treatments, and a mechanistic PK-PD model for the treatment of PMO to predict bone density gain (BDG) at the hip and lumbar spine. According to our results, at least three compartments are required in the PK model to predict the effect of alendronate in both the short and long terms. Clinical data of a 2-year treatment of alendronate, reproduced by our PK-PD model, demonstrate that bone response is site specific (hip: 7% BDG, lumbar spine: 4% BDG). We identified that this BDG is mainly due to an increase in tissue mineralization and a decrease in porosity. The difference in BDG between sites is linked to the different loading and dependence of the released alendronate on the bone-specific surface and porosity. Osteoclast population diminishes quickly within the first month of alendronate treatment. Osteoblast population lags behind but also falls due to coupling of resorption and formation. Two dosing regimens were studied (70 mg weekly and 10 mg daily), and both showed very similar BDG evolution, indicating that alendronate accumulates quickly in bone and saturates. The proposed PK-PD model could provide a valuable tool to analyze the effect of alendronate and to design patient-specific treatments, including drug combinations.

Details

Database :
OAIster
Notes :
English
Publication Type :
Electronic Resource
Accession number :
edsoai.on1367106893
Document Type :
Electronic Resource