Environmental biology, life history traits and aquaculture of green ormer Haliotis tuberculata

Green ormer or European abalone is an ecologically and economically important mollusk that finds food in the marine ecosystem and is also a delicacy for humans. Therefore, numerous studies have been conducted on this species in order to cultivate it as successfully as possible in new habitats. Mollusks are affected by bottom trawling and seafood disturbance while seasonal variations in oceanographic factors also affect their physiology, stress responses, and survival. In this review, an overview of numerous studies on the distribution and influence of various ecological factors on this species is presented, along with a morphological description of green ormer. In addition, the factors that influence maturation, reproduction and growth, as an important part of the breeding process, are presented. Emphasis is also placed on the natural diet as well as the diet in breeding farms. The physiology of this species lists numerous factors that affect its growth, especially antioxidant stress. There are a considerable number of knowledge gaps in the history of ormer aquaculture, which are pointed out together with their solutions, providing the opportunity to expand the cultivation of this species.
Petrovo uho je ekološki i ekonomski važan mekušac koji hranu nalazi u morskom ekosustavu, a također je i zanimljiva delikatesa za ljude. Stoga su na ovoj vrsti provedena brojna istraživanja kako bi se što uspješnije mogla uzgajati u novim staništima. Na morske mekušce utječu ribolov pridnenim kočama i uznemiravanje plodova mora, dok sezonske varijacije oceanografskih čimbenika također utječu na njihovu fiziologiju, reakcije na stres i preživljavanje. U ovom istraživanju dat je pregled brojnih studija vezanih uz rasprostranjenost i utjecaj različitih ekoloških čimbenika na ovu vrstu, te je dat morfološki opis petrovog uha. Osim toga, prikazani su čimbenici koji utječu na sazrijevanje, razmnožavanje i rast, kao važan dio procesa uzgoja. Drugi fokus bio je na prirodnoj prehrani ove vrste, kao i prehrani na uzgajalištima. Pri fiziologiji ove vrste navode se brojni čimbenici koji utječu na njezin rast, posebice antioksidativni stres. U povijesti akvakulture ukazuje se na nedostatke u znanju i njihova rješenja kako bi se petrovo uhu moglo uzgajati na novim područjima.