Health Literacy in Ethiopia: Evidence Synthesis and Implications

Adamu Amanu A,1,2 Ameyu Godesso,2 Zewdie Birhanu1 1Health, Behaviour, and Society Department, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Oromia, Ethiopia; 2Sociology Department, College of Social Sciences, Jimma University, Oromia, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Adamu Amanu A, Email adamuamanu1000@gmail.comBackground: Health literacy plays a pivotal role in healthcare utilization and health-related lifestyle choices. This makes health literacy a pressing concern, particularly in low-income countries like Ethiopia, where there are intricate health challenges. Despite its significance, there is a dearth of studies on the issue in Ethiopia. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive synthesis of the available evidence on health literacy in Ethiopia, and to discuss the implications for healthcare practice, health promotion, and research endeavors.Methods: A systematic scoping review was conducted to achieve the purpose of this study. A comprehensive search of databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, AJOL, and PLOS Global Public Health was conducted for eligible evidence. Searches were conducted from May 12 to September 9, 2022. The PRISMA flow diagram guideline was utilized to ensure transparent reporting of the reviews process. The data extraction tool used was based on the JBI methodology guidance for reviews.Results: The search in total yielded 543 records. However, only 16 studies met the eligibility criteria after a thorough screening process. All eligible studies were conducted in health facilities and schools with limited scopes. The main findings of the eligible studies focused on health literacy levels, health information sources, and health literacy determinants among the studies participants. Many of the studies reported low health literacy levels and multiple predicting factors ranging from personal to socioeconomic conditions among the respondents.Conclusion: This review has provided critical insights into the state of health literacy in Ethiopia. There is a need for c