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How much does the injury risk between average female and average male anthropometry differ? : A simulation study with open source tools for virtual crash safety assessments

Authors :
Klug, Corina
Bützer, David
Iraeus, Johan
John, Jobin
Keller, Arne
Kowalik, Michal
Leo, Christoph
Levallois, Ines
Putra, I. Putu A.
Ressi, Felix
Schmitt, Kai-Uwe
Svensson, Mats
Trummler, Linus
Wijnen, Wim
Linder, Astrid
Klug, Corina
Bützer, David
Iraeus, Johan
John, Jobin
Keller, Arne
Kowalik, Michal
Leo, Christoph
Levallois, Ines
Putra, I. Putu A.
Ressi, Felix
Schmitt, Kai-Uwe
Svensson, Mats
Trummler, Linus
Wijnen, Wim
Linder, Astrid
Publication Year :
2023

Abstract

Differences in injury risk between females and males are often reported in field data analysis. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in kinematics and injury risks between average female and male anthropometry in two exemplary use cases. A simulation study comprising the newly introduced VIVA+ human body models (HBM) was performed for two use cases. The first use case relates to whiplash associated disorders sustained in rear impacts and the second to femur fractures in pedestrians impacted by passenger cars as field data indicates that females have higher injury risk compared to males in these scenarios. Detailed seat models and a generic vehicle exterior were used to simulate crash scenarios close to those currently tested in consumer information tests. In the evaluations with one of the vehicle seats and one car shape the injury risks were equal for both models. However, the risk of the average female HBM for whiplash associated disorders was 1.5 times higher compared to the average male HBM for the rear impacts in the other seat and 10 times higher for proximal femur fractures in the pedestrian impacts for one of the two evaluated vehicle shapes.. Further work is needed to fully understand trends observed in the field and to derive appropriate countermeasures, which can be performed with the open source tools introduced in the current study.

Details

Database :
OAIster
Notes :
application/pdf, English
Publication Type :
Electronic Resource
Accession number :
edsoai.on1428110492
Document Type :
Electronic Resource
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016.j.aap.2023.107328