Singling Out the Pull Factors of Brain Gain in Pakistan

Brain Gain is the rise in the number of highly educated foreign nationals moving to a country where there are many opportunities to survive and get a job. This study has focused on the effect of pull factors on brain gain in Pakistan. We have used data from 1990 to 2023 in this analysis. The dependent variable is the brain gain. The Johanson cointegration test result showed that investment and the real effective exchange rate had inverse significant effects on brain gain. However, political stability and wage differences influenced brain gain positively in Pakistan. It is suggested that the Government should provide a more economic and stable political environment in the country to encourage skilled, highly skilled, and highly qualified labor to migrate back to Pakistan. The government may also give them infrastructure in the form of setting up skill development centers, giving financial support, providing them tax incentives, and forming a forum that will connect the return migrants with employers in order to get jobs according to their skills. Moreover, there is a serious need to provide more employment chances to people for high growth and development.