Under the Sun or in the Shade? Jua Kali in African Countries. National Policy Definition in Technical and Vocational Education: Beyond the Formal Sector. A Subregional Seminar for Eastern and Southern African Countries (Nairobi, Kenya, September 15-19, 1997). International project on Technical and Vocational Education (UNEVOC).

This document is a comprehensive report a subregional seminar for eastern and southern African countries on the Jua Kali movement. (Jua Kali, "hot sun" in Swahili, refers to the informal or nonformal sector of the economy.) Section 1 explains the role of the International Project on Technical and Vocational Education (UNEVOC) in the development of technical and vocational education and training (TVET). The following opening and closing speeches are provided in Section 2: "Introductory Statement" (R. Barry Hobart); "Opening Speech" (Shem Wandiga); and "Closing Speech" (S.M. Kyungu). Section 3 is an overview of the discussion and debate, and Section 4 lists recommendations regarding development of national strategies for TVET. The following papers are presented in Section 5:"Technical and Vocational Education and Training Policy in Kenya" (Peter O. Okaka); "A Position Paper" (B. Wanjala Kerre); "TVET beyond the Formal Sector in Botswana" (K. Kabecha, M. M. Kewagamang); "Existing Set-Up in Ethiopia" (Mesfin Terefe); "Brief Description of the Jua Kali Movement in Kenya" (G.K.N. Mbugua); "Non-Government Organisations and Enterprise in Lesotho" (Mota Sekonyela); "The National Policy Definition in Malawi" (Joyce Phekani, Maston M. Mtambo); "Beyond the Formal Sector in Mauritius" (Feroze Coowar); "An Effective System for Non-Formal TVET in South Africa" (Siphamandla I. Xulu); "Essential Features of the Non-Formal Sector in Swaziland" (William S.A. Shongwe); "TVET at Mwanza Rural Housing Programme in Tanzania" (Lunogelo L. Sakafu); "A Case for Uganda" (Ben M. Manyindo); and "Training for the Informal Sector in Zambia" (Joseph S. Mukuni, Joseph P. Kalunga). Appended are the following: daily schedule, background information about the seminar, list of main seminar participants, and text of the convention on technical and vocational education adopted by the General Conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. (MN)