Functions of Discourse Markers 'Ano and Sono' in Written Dialogue.

Through examination of the discourse markers "ano" and "sono" in Japanese, this paper explores how these linguistic devices function differently in conversation. The focus of this analysis is the mental and social functions through which a speaker attempts to achieve an interpersonal rapport with a listener. In particular, the question addresses why the speaker cannot use these discourse markers interchangeably in the context. The data reveal how the speaker distinguishes one discourse marker from another, depending on where the focus of the utterance is located. Results show that discourse markers are used as a cataphoric marker or an anaphoric marker. Each marker plays a role in focusing on the particular utterance that may be important to the listener. It is concluded that these discourse markers play an important role in conversation where the speaker and the listener meet certain social expectations in Japanese. Because it is difficult for many second language learners of Japanese to use discourse markers appropriately, it might be helpful for them to better understand the correct usage of discourse markers in order to communicate successfully with native speakers of Japanese. (Contains 16 references.) (KFT)