The Adolescent Label Impact Index in a Multicentric Observational Study. Have the Tobacco Advertisements an Impact on the Adolescents?

Background: Pictorial warnings may contribute to lower attractiveness of smoking, particularly among adolescents. The present study compared the impact of two different label styles of tobacco product warnings (textual and pictorial) among adolescents in a new standardized way, using the Adolescent Label Impact Index (ALII). Methods: A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted. Adolescent aged 10-20 years completed an online questionnaire. The ALII score was used to assess the impact of only-textual (ALII-T) and pictorial advertisements (ALII-P). Results: A total of 1,759 students (68.4% response-rate) declared that graphic warnings have a significant impact than textual ones (p < 0.05). The younger group, which has never smoked or just tried and believed in the harmful effects of tobacco, is associated with both scales of ALII scales (T and P) (p < 0.01). The socioeconomic status was associated with ALIIT (p < 0.01), but not ALII-P; female gender, smoker-peers, perception of the body weight are related to the ALII-P (p < 0.05) but not ALII-T. Conclusions: The pictorial labels represent a policy of tobacco use control that has potential effects, in particular in reducing communication inequalities between socio-economic categories, reinforcing the knowledge about the damage of smoking, discouraging adolescents, especially the younger ones who do not have never smoked or have just tried to become smokers. [This article was co-written by Collaborative Group including: Siriana Campioni, Armando Platania, Ilenia Bellini, Omar Enzo Santangelo, and Clara Ferrara.]