Digitally Prepared for Success? Technology Skills of Incoming First-Year College Students

Students today are often assumed to be digitally literate and prepared for college, but that is not always the case. Introductory technology courses at the college level provide students with the technology and digital skills necessary for them to succeed in college. This study, conducted at a small New England "business school" that also offers liberal arts degrees, sought to determine which digital skills most incoming first-year college students have. The study examines which digital skills and competencies students acquire before entering college, and if those skills are adequate to achieve academic success in college. Guiding the study are these research questions: (RQ1) What digital devices are students using and with what frequency? (RQ2) What digital literacy competencies (DLCs) do incoming first-year students possess? (RQ3) How do first-year students self-rank their DLCs, and how does that compare to individual task self-ranking? (RQ4) What DLCs do incoming first-year students perceive as the most important to know, and do they have those skills? Results showed that most K-12 students are learning on Macs or Chromebooks and use the Google Suite of applications. They may need to switch to Windows machines and/or Microsoft Office products upon entering college. Almost 16% reported taking no high school courses covering computer topics. Only 34% of incoming first-year college students consider themselves "tech savvy" and most rank themselves at the beginner or intermediate level on digital literacy competencies. They believe the three most important skills to know are spreadsheets, programming, and word processing.