Beyond Borders: Understanding Intellectual Migration among Kazakhstani Graduates of Foreign Universities

This article explores the intellectual migration patterns of Kazakhstanis who have completed their studies at foreign universities. Through a survey conducted among 1,111 graduates and interviews with 44 individuals holding master's and doctoral degrees from renowned global institutions, this study examines the factors influencing the Kazakhstanis' decisions to relocate to other countries. The findings reveal that the primary motivations for permanent migration include competitive salaries (54%), high level of socio-economic development in the destination country (52%), prospects for career advancement (38%), access to quality education and healthcare (32%), and lower levels of corruption (28%). Moreover, the research highlights that the preferred countries for highly qualified specialists from Kazakhstan are USA, Great Britain, and Canada. Logistic regression models indicate that individuals with prior work experience abroad, those who studied in the UK, and those residing in the suburban areas of Kazakhstan are more likely to move to another country for permanent residency.