Risk, Causation, Mediation, and Moderation

Throughout this monograph, there has been frequent reference to levels of risk, inference of causation, testing for mediating variables, and the need to consider possible moderating influences. In this chapter, the authors review what is meant by these concepts, and then seek to pull together the findings from the English and Romanian Adoptee (ERA) studies that were relevant for these issues. (Contains 6 tables and 3 figures.)