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The aim of this paper is to make explicit an explanatory strategy that lies at the core of Robert Brandom's A Spirit of Trust. This strategy consists, according to our reading, in treating the epistemological opposition between appearances and reality --and other related conceptual oppositions-- as an internal, normative and historical distinction. We will show how Brandom employs the procedure of recollections to make this strategy work: by situating different representations in a sequence of historical development, recollections allow us to understand the distinction between appearances and reality as the distinction between how things are for us and how they ought to be for us. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kripke has had an enormous impact on theories of reference thanks to his distinction of the metaphysical necessity of epistemological naming, breaking with decades of descriptive traditions of reference. Nevertheless, within the process of naming, there exist in the author's theory, glimpses of propositional attitudes and intentional aspects that the author does not delve into. This paper will detail the most important aspects of the American philosopher's theory to give rise to the discussion of the scope of the intentional aspects and propositional attitudes at the moment of naming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current paper contains a comparative reading of the Phaedrus and the Cratylus. Some of their central topics are here contrasted in order to highlight the characteristic traits of Platonic thought present in both dialogues. The description of dialectic in the Phaedrus fits well with a Socratic definition in the Cratylus which clearly specifies that names are tools at the service of the dialectician. This evidence leads us to the conclusion that --besides being the main mechanism to control and judge rhetoric-- dialectical technic appears in the dialogues as the only correcting procedure that makes it possible to verify any sort of proposition and bring speeches and depictions of reality closer to the truth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the paper is to explore the theme of the principles of the new juridical branch of Health Law, showing the philosophical and epistemological aspects. The theoretical framework is complex thought and -renewed- trialism, and the methodology is qualitative, with a predominance of philosophical, argumentative and documentary analysis. The main result is the historical contextualization, clarification of abstraction and systematization in the branch, achieved through the exposition of principles, with philosophical support, which constitutes an epistemological achievement, even more essential if the branch is in a consolidation period. This paper is closely related to another one where empirical support of the principles is provided, based on national laws and decisions of the highest Argentine Court. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I analyse the critique of psychologism advanced by Husserl in his Logical Investigations. In order to adequately rebuild the author's approach, I will link the central points of the argument against psychologism developed in the first volume with some analyses and theses introduced by Husserl in the second volume. These analyses and theses, although not explicitly presented as criticisms of psychologism, are clear contributions to overcoming a radical empiricist approach, closely linked to subjectivism and psychologism. I pay special attention to the critique of the theories of abstraction carried out in the Second Investigation, whose link with the critique of psychologism is not properly recognized. I also analyze the concept of ideal possibility, which is fundamental for the understanding of the Husserlian concept of species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I present a critical analysis of several philosophical tendencies that go against the use of the notion of truth in epistemology, especially Rorty's one. Particularly, I claim that truth is a key concept for the study of knowledge, especially the scientific knowledge, as it takes a concise form through the experimental procedures for eliciting evidences. With the help of this analysis, I seek to undermine some 'post-truth' theses by means of analyzing some scientific procedures to get evidences (randomized clinical trials) in several fields related to the practical discipline of medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Study about the epistemic stances that influence the knowledge organization domain by analyzing its scholarly literature. It aims to describe the conception of epistemology in the journal Knowledge Organization through metatheory. Methods: It is an exploratory and descriptive research that develops a metatheoretical study based on Ritzer's metatheory. In the analysis stage, two grounded theory tools were used, coding and memoing Results: Three attribute families arose from the coding and memoing processes: the concept of epistemology in knowledge organization, the purpose of epistemology of knowledge organization and, epistemic stances influencing the knowledge organization domain. The third attribute family is analyzed in this paper. Empiricism, rationalism, historicism and pragmatism are described as the mains epistemic stances influencing the domain. The pragmatist stance is prominent in the analysis, followed by critical theories and historicism. Conclusions: The study concludes that the conception of epistemology on the knowledge organization domain is the critical study of principles, hypothesis and knowledge production in the domain. Epistemology is concerned with the scientific knowledge produced by the knowledge organization domain, as well as with the application of that knowledge to design the Knowledge Organization Systems and to support the knowledge organization process as a whole [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we revisit the theories of the early phase of the Franco-Algerian philosopher Louis Althusser. Our objective is, when reviewing classic concepts of the author, to observe the incidence of antinomies in the readings of scientism and structuralism. As a result, we observe an anticipation of future theoretical developments, especially in the concept of overdetermination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I analyze the figure of the bridge and its key role in the development of Woolf's arguments in Three guineas. I will argue that the bridge symbolizes the notion of point of view elaborated by the author: a situated and differentiated perspective constructed from the experiences of women. I will argue that a different experience results into the construction of a non-hegemonic, different point of view that provides an "other" knowledge, the knowledge of outsiders. As a consequence, the unsolvable dilemmas as seen from the dominant perspective can be resolved if they are approached from the perspective of outsiders, which has epistemological and axiological implications. I will also argue that these ideas are to be found decades later in contemporary feminism, both as acknowledged legacies and through unexplored affinities. Finally, I will showcase thematic and methodological affinities between Woolf's approach, Anglo-Saxon feminist epistemologies and those of radical women of color in the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of the analytical work of the Training Processes area of Consejo Mexicano de Investigación Educativa (COMIE), this article centers on the papers approved at the 15th National Congress on Educational Research, in five categories of analysis: authors, objects of research, epistemologies, theories, and methods both explained and unexplained. Through a review of the body of work (desk review), we characterized a panoramic vision of the wealth, limitations, and research problems in this area at the national level. We revealed the authors' epistemic, theoretical, and methodological handling in the construction of objects of study linked to training processes (including educational training, teacher education, and student teaching) in the various levels and types of schools of the educational system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1936, Alan Turing proposed the notion of an automated machine as a model of the computation performed by a human being while only being aided by mechanical resources. Still, it seems that much more can be said about Turing's own conception of machines in the scope of his later work, both terminologically and conceptually. In this paper we present the terms he used that refer to machines and that according to our understanding are important to give an account of Turing's concerns and the problems he tackled with after his first recourse to the notion of machine during the late nineteen-thirties. Exploring his usage of such terms we show how it is possible to see an enlargement or extension towards a general notion of machine from the very first automated machine. At the same time, we identify in his work a modelling attitude or stance in which machines can be used as a way to understand and explain a natural or abstract phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For centuries, the understanding of conciousness has been one of the topic issues of intellectual development, and a context in which the different sociocultural, scientific, philosophical and ideological perceptions of the human being have been defined and redefined. Far from being a solved problem, it's a theme that, reformulated again and again in different fields and contexts, returns endlessly to the epicenter of intellectual discussion because it has, necessarily, trascendental epistemic and ethical consequences. This paper tries to show how such confrontation and its positions are fed by an "outdated" perception of the problem, when faced it from an essentialist perspective (encrypted on a model of thought based on reason-object schemes). Therefore is proposed a reformulation of the question in procedural terms inspired by the theory of systemic emergentism. So, it is intended to provide an overcoming approach to an intellectual model that is considered obsolete, while fostering an ethical reflection on the ideological intellectual consequences and practices derived from its artificial support in the field of Science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with ignorance from an epistemological point of view. Firstly, Karl Popper's considerations sheds light on the understanding of ignorance as an active ingredient in the development of knowledge and the progress of science. However, the point of view of Charles Mills and Axel Honneth's theory of recognition, introduce other relevant aspects about ignorance- such as its connection with the exercise of power and social subordination- not sufficiently thematized by Popper. Finally, we will expound on the tensions and concerns that arise from considering these different approaches of ignorance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper has as its starting point one of Adolf Grünbaum's objections to psychoanalysis, the one linked to the analyst's suggestion role in validating the clinical data supportive of his causal hypotheses. Regarding this critique as a methodological challenge; firstly some contemporary conceptual tools to address a more precise definition of the suggestive phenomenon,-differentiating it from the confirmation bias and the researcher's expectations effects-, are retaken. Secondly, some technical operations liable to controlling the different types of factors likely to negatively intervene in the production of clinical knowledge are regarded. A provisional redefinition of the methodological issue and an opening of new research ways are shown. Besides, the undertaken path leads us to reject Grünbaum's statement on the inescapable proof contamination of every clinical datum and his persistence on externally clinically testing the psychoanalytic hypotheses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to explain the implications of the new complex-holistic or transmodern paradigm has on the Administration Science, particularly in the methodological aspects. It is part of the argument that the scientific method, rather than be an instrument by which it is constructed/obtained the knowledge, is a historic institution for to legitime of modern truth, so a criticism of their epistemological assumptions imply a dangerous challenge to the paradigm of modernity; qualitative methodologies are presented as a window of opportunities through which the researcher becomes a transforming agent of social reality. In this paper we limit ourselves to present a critique of two fundamental assumptions of modern scientific method: a) the subject-object as two separate entities together and b) the correct form to build /gain the knowledge as a single process to reach scientific truth; we contrasted this assumptions with the assumptions derived from quantum physics, we refers to the uncertainty, complementarity and impact of research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to make a Foucaultean approach to the meta-governmentality. Hence, we will do a close reading of Foucault's works in order to find epistemological tools. Then, we will focus our work in the durkhemian reflections made about the objectivity of sociology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to make a brief theoretical synthesis that allows us to understand some philosophical assumptions of modernity and postmodernity, in such a way that the critical scenarios of this cultural and historical phenomenon of rationality in its paradigmatic crisis are highlighted. The context of this analysis tends to generate a critical hermeneutics about the instituted sense that Higher Education carries out in the face of the challenges of globalization, especially as it is received in Latin America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

the purpose of this paper is to discuss some epistemological aspects that are important to understand the historical progress of science throughout the 16th and 17th centuries. In this context, we mention the contribution of Michel Foucault who helped to define the type of knowledge prevailing until the 16th century as "episteme of resemblance", and also the fact that for that particular era it was not possible to talk about representation itself. From the point of view of Georges Canguilhem's work, we reflect then on the meaning and impact Andreas Vesalio's De humanis corporis fabrica and Nicolas Copernico's De revolutionibus orbium coelestium had on culture. Last but not least, we discuss about the theory that the game of similarities, existing until the 16th century, will be replaced by comparisons that will lead to establish differences as well. Order and measure will be a part of this emerging scientific rationality. This paper also emphasizes on the idea that thanks to Galileo we move from the common renaissance experience to experimenting in the scientific practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims at discussing the relation between the decolonial studies (ED) and communication studies (EC). There's an intention to develop some explanatory exercises: analyze the need of inquiring on the expression "critical schools in communication"; highlighting some debates that summarize the differences between EDs and cultural studies in communication; finally interrogating the epistemology of communication as a way to address not just the questions of some of the communication narratives or traditions, but the manner and consequences of that answer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cuban progressive philosophical legacy in Medardo Vitier the most momentous systematizer thereof, from Jose Agustin Caballero to José Martí. It is one of the most representative intellectuals and important personalities of Cuban culture and philosophy, characterized by honesty and identity vocation for knowledge. His work shows the consistency of Cuban ideology of the nineteenth century, the valuable and complex of nineteenth-century thought. Studies, analyzes and extracts the essences of the highest Cuban tradition with a unique cultural and historical spirit. It is also a production which expresses and transcends Cuban culture, to hold and to continue the rich tradition of Cuban philosophical thought. Consequently, this paper aims to analyze from the epistemological point of view the elements of his philosophical knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Is knowledge-how a hidden knowledge-that, and therefore also a relation between an epistemic subject and a proposition? What is the connection between knowledgehow and knowledge-that? I will deal with both questions in the course of my paper. In the first part, I argue that the term 'knowledge-how' is an ambiguous term in a semantic pragmatic sense, blending two distinct meanings: 'knowledgehow' in the sense of knowledge-that, and 'knowledge-how' in the sense of an ability. In the second part of my paper, I construe five alternative ways of correlating knowledge-that and knowledge-how in the sense of an ability. I will argue in favour of one of them. I will show that knowledge-how is not a species of knowledge-that but rather that knowledge-that is a species of knowledge-how. More specifically, dispositional knowledge-how is at the core of propositional knowledge that and accordingly should be understood to be at the center of epistemology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper consists of two parts: the first attempts to develop an idea based on the indisputable and unanimously accepted central role of the prescription of confidentiality in psychoanalysis. The idea is supported by Freud's early statement regarding "common unhappiness", which he defines as "life circumstances and events", and which the author of this paper understands as the inevitable conflicts derived from the coexistence of human beings within the socio-cultural ambit. This allows him to retrieve the psycho-social approach of several Argentine authors and, basically, to support from an epistemological point of view the pretence of psychoanalysis of being the specific discipline to cope with that conflictive issue at the individual level. The second part touches on some possible incidents that concern confidentiality in the clinical practice of psychoanalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the theoretical assumptions of constructivism in order to understand it from the perspectives of epistemology and pedagogy. In the first section, three relevant constructivist positions (radical, Piaget's, and social constructivism) are describe as a necessary condition to explore the possibility of advancing in the characterization of a constructivist epistemology and to be able to show the epistemological difficulties entailed. The second section, constructivism as a pedagogic theory, examines the constructivist pedagogy to show its contribution to teaching. In addition, some pedagogy objections requiring clarification regarding the theme are mentioned. Finally, by establishing a connection from the epistemological and pedagogical perspectives of constructivism, it is suggested that constructivism is not a theory of teaching but rather a u of raisins epistemological problems and trying to solve them. It is not the intention this paper to fall into simplifications which are typical of constructivism but to high light some of its positive aspects such as underlining the importance of a positive attitude in learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the epistemological diversity and indigenous praxis present in intercultural education, through the case of Instituto Superior Intercultural Ayuuk (isia) in Jaltepec, Oaxaca, Mexico. The main objectives are to outline the range of conceptions of intercultural education, describe its key articulations, and explore the way that knowledge is conceived, constructed, and transmitted in this institute. Two arguments are stated: a) The lack of a predetermined meaning in intercultural higher education allows people from diverse backgrounds to become interested in and form part of this project, enabling new epistemological diversity; b) Although isia uses the praxis and social organization of the Ayuuk people, a more profound dialogue is still lacking among diverse types of knowledge and epistemological frameworks. Therefore, isia represents an important case for exploring the negotiation among diverse perspectives to construct a unique vision of intercultural higher education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to shows Donald Davidson's position concerning the philosophical discussion between realism and anti-realism. For such purpose, this paper is divided into three parts: in the first, in general terms, some considerations about realism and anti-realism are presented, along with certain approaches to naturalism. In the second part, the reasons that lead to anti-realism, according to Davidson, are shown. For him, it is a popular version of the conceptual relativism. Besides, the attempts of some philosophies to avoid skepticism are also shown, as they necessarily lead to anti-realistic positions. Finally, part three describes why, for Davidson, an adequate language theory can question anti-realism, and the simplest and most natural convictions on what is real, survive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the current epistemological status of the right to information, distinguishing it from earlier rights to information expression and access. It considers the inclusion of this right in an array of historical and social analyses: its object of study; the generations of the rights that come out it; its relationship to other rights (partly explained by its development in the 19th century together with the right of expression, but later gaining autonomy from the right to expression during the 20th century); its character as an individual right (and conversely, as a collective or social right); its character in respect to private life; and its relationship to denial, lying, and secrecy. In conclusion, the article presents a chart that summarizes the arguments of the paper and some of the authors discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to rehabilitate leisure as one of the fundamental components of educational policy planning. Drawing on an epistemological and longitudinal analysis on leisure, we show how criteria and actions may be used to face educational challenges. This is precisely a very relevant topic nowadays, as democratic societies need, perhaps more than ever, to educate their members are free citizens, able to participate in the decision planning and taking processes. Our main argument is embedded in the first great synthesis of policy, education and classic philosophy, mainly in Aristotle's works, various epistemological and semantic factors and the recent approaches of Russell and Nussbaum who understand leisure as the guarantee of practical rationality of educational policy. Our results emphasize leisure as skholé and show its potential innovative value for humankind in a creative educational policy design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to communicate and discuss aspects of the research process as part of a doctoral degree, carried out within the clinical approach in a broad sense, studying the task at university classrooms. The research's scope and its epistemological and methodological framework will be described. Then we will focus on a central and specific problem such as construction of sense. This will be addressed from several perspectives. From an epistemological one, it will address the construction of sense of the clinical approach, which considers it a peculiar relationship between researcher and research object. From a methodological perspective, it will address the interpretative-jump from collected data which allows the construction of theory. From a subjective perspective it will analyze the complex nature of involvement of the researcher, especially considering that this is a double hermeneutical process. Finally, from a substantive approach, the relationship between epistemological and methodological framework and the theoretical thesis will be analyzed, related to the knowledge built on task, as a result of the investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How can we research our practices as educational researchers from a post-foundational perspective? How can we build tools of intellection that explain the historical and biographical conditions of the individual who performs research in the educational field? This paper centers on the subject of a biography as a discursive/textual and political subject from a post-foundational perspective. The conceptualization turns to the categories of discourse (Laclau) and text (Derrida) as a theoretical enclave, and based on current research on the academic trajectories of educational researchers, four dimensions of analysis are developed: collective experience, academic professionalization, institutional life, and biographical educational experience. The purpose is to show some examples of the emergence of the subject of biographies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Linguistics has become more and more technical, digitalized and experimental in the last years. Without denying the technical and methodological advantages of these evolutions, the present paper postulates that the initial base of linguistic research should be human empathy: language should not only be observed from outside, as it were a natural object. The researcher should rather take profit from the possibility of assuming the object departing from Its own configuration, re-creating it within his own mind in order to understand its real essence. It will be argued that linguistics ought to be empathic in studies of current languages as well as in diachronic research since linguistic creativity allows also for Intuitions on previous states of a language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies and work on complexity are increasing all over the world. However, there is not one study that explicitly considers the political implications of understanding and explanations of non-linear complex phenomena. This paper explores the most important political consequences of the sciences of complexity and intends to fill a gap in the literature. I shall claim that the political implications of complexity do include policies but they encompass mainly politics in the largest and strongest sense of the word. This argument is supported by three main ideas: firstly, the sciences of complexity are introduced and several derivations are sketched out; secondly, the political implications are considered and; thirdly, the inner relationships between scientific and political revolutions are highlighted. Finally, several conclusions are drawn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although Sociology was bom with scientific vocation, its current status as a scientific discipline seems not to enjoy good health. Departing from this idea, the purpose of the paper is threefold: first, several arguments for explanations of social phenomena through mechanisms will be reviewed. Such explanations can offer a suitable way to Sociology to be able to develop as an authentic science. Second, the idea that such explanations can be computational programmes created by agent-based modelling will be justified. Finally, it will build new arguments about how such explanations can avoid the ambiguity and the obscuríty conceptual that a part of sociology suffers; reduce its theoretical fragmentation and strengthen the multidisciplinary dialogue with the purpose of researching in depth social reality as well as being able to design effective policies against several social problems.` [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose a critical analysis of the anatomoclinical and psychopathological model, we claim the epistemological, methodological and technological autonomy of Psychology and of the professional training for the analysis and solution of psychological problems. This perspective should be taken into account in the current debate on the training programs of Clinical Psychology within and outside the health field. We propose a training program as Clinical Psychology Master for professional practice outside the health system, we raise the opportunities and risks of the curricula of Internal Resident Psychologist (PIR) and the General Health Psychologist (PSG). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses, first, the position of Richard Rorty about epistemology in Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature. We identify his hermeneutics proposal with what is known as «overcoming epistemology». Assuming the perspective that the American thinker has offered in several essays on the work of Jacques Derrida, we detail, secondly, what the French philosopher has stated about the philosophy and its aspirations, from the Nietzschean critique of epistemology. We extract from the position of both authors a number of conclusions concerning the status of epistemology as a philosophical discipline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychiatry seems condemned to a perpetual fragmentary theoretical approach. Historical, social, psychological and biological narratives or conventional pluralism -a blend of them all-, can only account for isolated and incomplete parts of a complex psychiatric reality. It is necessary to be able to analyze psychiatry in its entirety. To that end, in this paper psycho-pathology is investigated as a crossroad where these fragments are in an interwoven relationship. The main conclusion is that, in order to understand psychopathology and its objects properly, they must be considered connected with a practice determined by politics. Finally, some consequences for a theory of symptom individuation are drawn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper integrates a line of work that seeks to explore the link between modern architecture and the positivist credo laid down by the celebrated Vienna Circle, seen as the key source of the group's conceptual identity. The research acknowledges the significance of this historical connection and follows its trail to the architecture produced in Uruguay between1930 and 1960. It looks to pin down the impact of the credo both in terms of its content and the way its prédica was reached. Within this examination, the discourse explored confirms the presence of certain key aspects belonging to the aforementioned ideology: architecture adopts the classical values of science and thus assumes strong epistemological commitments. This discovery is far from monolithic; rather it awakens new questions regarding the origin of these precepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we explore a connection between reliabilism and contextualism. Our purpose is to draw up a contextualist approach to solve the critique that the reliabilist notions of justification and knowledge are not satisfactory because there is no room for the intuitions that a subject who is justified or knows is rational and epistemologically responsible. We will argue that this critique and the Pyrrohnian skepticism share the same assumption, viz., the internalist clause. Thus, if it is possible to limit the scope of this clause using contextualism, making a distinction between two different contexts, then it is also possible to use this distinction to offer an answer to the internalist critique to reliabilism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the different research traditions as cognitive domains, the communication among those domains that have theorized on behavior is problematized. The differential philosophical positions (ontological and epistemological) underlying these domains have favored an operational closure which has hindered the exchange and discussion among researchers. Some recurrent concepts of these different perspectives do not have univocal definitions and are significantly vague. This paper briefly analyses the uses of the notion of "association" and the way it has been applied by different schools of thought within Psychology and Ethology. Concepts like this one show an undeniably heuristic approach present in the construction of transdisciplinary dialogues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the relationship between science, technology and women. Thus, it resorts to the history of science and gender as a theorethical instrument because it provides a new way to interrogate reality, visualizing new analytical categories in order to explain aspects of reality that had not been taken into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers an analysis of the main ancient sources for the theory employed by the Stoics to shed light upon the nature of sophisms. To do so, a close analysis is given of the distinction the Stoics draw between sophisms that depend on "vocal sound" and those that depend on "states of affairs" (τὰ παρὰ τὴν φωνὴν καὶ τὰ πρὰγματα σο φίσματα). The purpose is to trace the possible origin of the theory and certain differences there seems to be between how the Stoics handle certain sophisms such as "the Liar" and "the Sorites", and the way in which some modern logicians do it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the historical and epistemological foundations of the publications edited by the Instituto de Psicología Experimental (Institute of Experimental Psychology) of Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (Argentina) are analyzed. The study is based on the production of its Senior Director, Doctor Horacio Rimoldi. Rimoldi's scientific conceptions were influenced by sciences such as biology, psychology and mathematics, which he had learnt both in his medical profession and in his later studies in England in experimental psychology and factorial analysis. His main publications covered both applied psychology in industrial-organizational and in educational settings as well as research works on psychometric deficits. In this paper, his works are analyzed by a strict methodology based on very original and complex correlation measurements and factorial analysis. He also related the data to personal information such as age and gender, and affective troubles. In his publications, the educational variable has been a predominant factor when correlating and interpreting the differences in academic performance between the populations of the tests (mostly Anglo-Saxon countries and Argentina). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is about the cognitive revolution created by the scientific use of the telescope 400 years ago. After a brief incursion about its invention, and the invention of its scientific use, there is an analysis of the SIDEREUS NUNCIUS and the discoveries exposed in it. Special attention is dedicated to Jupiter's moons. Later discoveries are also considered, like the sun's spots and the phases of Venus, the alter a crucial one, according to Galileo, to resolve the opposition between the Copernican and the Ptolemaic System. Finally, in the case of a possible tricorporarl character of Saturn, Galileo shows his conviction of that the continuous improvements of the instrument would resolve the problem in a near future, which is a fundamental aspect of the incorporation of instruments in the cognitive process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The growth and development of cultural complexity throughout human history has had the form of a moving spiral that opens to possibilities; from one point, a series of concentric circles is extended that expand the cultural spectrum. This opening can be perceived from a key concept in Wittgenstein's thought, namely, the notion of seeing aspects. On the other hand, with this concept we can also identify and understand another key point in that cultural dynamic: the idea of change and social conflict. Thus, the idea of this paper is to show the epistemic structures through which conflicts and socio-cultural changes operate, which are so relevant to social development and the anthropological theory, taking the Wittgensteinian idea of seeing aspects as a background. This article is not only a contribution to "cultural study" based on an epistemological interest, but it also tries to link Wittgenstein's philosophy with scientific anthropology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper attempts to inform about a series of problems related to the philosophy of technology. Under this goal I will show its main lines and the relevance of a philosophical approach about technique. It also provides reasons for technologists to come to philosophy. I propose different models of relationship between science and technology in order to clarify a confusing area usually in the epistemology of science and technology. And then presenting a very relevant question: the thesis on the autonomy of technology. I conclude with a thesis on the complexity of the plots that relate the theoretical and the practical. Finally I propose a hermeneutic-phenomenological approach for a future philosophy of technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In his shattering criticism, Paul Feyerabend charges against the scientific method, rationalism, theory creations and their uses, research and knowledge generation. He labeled this (philosophical) pounding as epistemological anarchism. It is frequently taken for granted that the conjunction between anarchism and epistemology is 'well' applied (or conceived). And it seems to be that nobody asks. In this paper, the aforementioned application of anarchism to epistemology is disputed. Moreover, within the context of Feyerabend's opus, the common epithet that both masks and veils is elucidated. At a tangent, this work confronts Kroppotkin's anarchism along with its contribution to the philosophy of science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper refers to a proposed evaluation of the guidance program, referring to the experience level of the upper half of the Autonomus University of the Estado de México (UAEM), which was implemented from 2003; nearly at five years of implementation, it is necessary to assess development to establish its scope and expectations of operation. Keywords: educational guidance, assessment, epistemology, methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper the authors considers consider different points of view from different psychoanalysts in relationship to the same problems. To do that they compare different authors: Freud, Lacan, Dío Bleichmar, Peter Gay, Michel Tort, Bowlby, Eva Giberti, Appignanessi y Forrester, etc. They also compare different moments of the life of an analyst and the influence that this has on the development of his theories (for example, there are different Freuds all along his life). They also consider different epochs of universal history to think the relationship of Psychoanalysis with new sexualities, technical progress, etc. They think that all this differences give richness and vitality to Psychoanalysis but they also mean epistemological problems when we think about convergences and divergences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concepts of 'paradigm', 'incommensurability' and 'rule' are still widely used. Thomas Kuhn applied them to refer to the way in which science could be organized. The problem is that The Structure of Scientific Revolutions is quoted as a case of epistemological discussion, rather than a case of an historical perspective on science. In this paper Kuhn's use of these concepts is commented upon to show that this position has no other backing than a particular vision of science as exposed in the context of the 1950's and 1960's in the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Mathematics, synthetic unity and constitutive a priori". Starting from the emphasis about the kantian idea of the originary synthetic unity of apperception like the basic function on which rest the production of all synthetic judgment, in this paper I defend the idea of constitutive a priori of experience under the form of a similar synthetic principle but essentially formal, namely, the concept of transformation and group of transformations. To the same time, I try to show that Kant himself inspired, for articulate his own position, on mathematics, especially on synthetic geometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper defends the necessity to propitiate a change in the teaching and researching practices of the Sociology, acquiring a global perspective in the study of the society. First, it is examined the way in which Sociology was born, in the socio-political context of the modernity, what determined the implicit assumption of the methodological nationalism as epistemological background. Second, it is shown how at the present time, globalization is propitiating the emergence of transnationals phenomena and problems that drain the validity of the methodological nationalism as epistemological background of the Sociology. The distortions and bias produced by the lack of conscience of the exhaustion of the methodological nationalism are shown with some comments about the phenomena of transnational migrations and global inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]