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Objective To investigate the mechanism of action of Huzhang Qingmai decoction (HZQMY) on the improvement of cognitive function in mice with chronic cerebral ischemia from the perspective of intestinal flora. Methods A mouse model of chronic cerebral ischemia was established by placing microcoils around the bilateral common carotid arteries to induce bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS). After 12 weeks of intragastric administration, the cognitive function of the mice was measured by the Morris water maze; the myelin damage was analyzed by LFB staining; The contents of the cecum of the mice in each group were extracted and analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Results The results of the water maze experiment showed that the mice in the HZQMY group had a significantly shorter escape latency, increased the number of crossings platform and the percentage of target quadrants. LFB staining showed that the white matter damage in the model group was severe; the white matter damage in the HZQMY group was milder. The results of 16S rRNA sequencing showed that compared with the model group, the abundance of Verrucomicrobiota, Akkermansia, and ErysiPelatoclostridium capsulatum in the intestinal flora in HZQMY group was significantly reduced (P<0.05), while the abundances of Eubacterium_xylanoPhilum and Allobaculum were significantly increased (P<0.05). Conclusion The protective effect of HZQMY, which has the effect of improving cognitive function in mice with chronic cerebral ischemia, may be related to the regulation of intestinal flora in mice with chronic cerebral ischemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the mechanism of motherwort in the treatment of nerve injury. Methods The active components of motherwort were obtained by searching TCMSP and BATMAN-TCM databases. The action targets of candidate compounds were collected and predicted from TCMSP and SwissTargetPrediction (STP) databases. The target genes corresponding to the active components of motherwort were obtained by using the standardized database of disease targets (Uniprot). The potential targets of motherwort in the treatment of nerve injury were obtained by mapping the disease genes of nerve injury with the three databases of Genecards, DisGenet and OMIM. The network topology analysis software Cytoscape 3.6.0 was used to construct the action target network of motherwort active components. The protein interaction platform database (STRING) was used to construct the interaction relationship between action targets. The target protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by introducing Cytoscape 3.6.0 software. Through STRING database, GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were carried out to analyze the target points of motherwort in the treatment of nerve injury. Results 19 active components were screened from motherwort, involving 654 action targets, including 426 action targets related to nerve injury and 6 key targets. These target genes were mainly involved in biological regulation, oxidative stress response and cell communication and other biological processes. Molecular functions were mainly related to protein binding, ion binding and catalytic reduction. They were enriched outside the cell membrane. Its mechanism was related to signal pathways such as MAPK, Toll-like receptor, PI3K-Akt, TNF, IL-17, and apoptosis. ConclusionThe active components of motherwort may play a protective role on nerve injury through antii nflammation, anti-apoptosis and promoting cell growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: In order to alleviate the pressure of satellite image data transmission between satellite and ground, the Bayer imaging mode is increasingly being used in remote sensing satellite imaging systems. The information loss occurs because each pixel in the Bayer image only stores information from one color channel. Therefore, a full-color image must be reconstructed by Bayer interpolation for subsequent applications. However, the existing interpolation methods suffer from false colors at image details and overall color tone shift issues. Methods: In response to the above issues, this article proposes a Bayer interpolation method by integrating color-difference gradient and color correlation. First, the proposed method extracts the color difference gradient information between each channel of the original Bayer image, and uses a normalized color difference gradient function to assign corresponding weights to the estimated color difference values in each direction. The interpolation is carried out along the edge direction to protect the detail information at the edge. Then, the color ratio constraints are set according to the correlation between different color channels, and the relative proportion of the three channels in the local sliding window is adjusted to improve the color shift phenomenon in the interpolation results, which makes the reconstructed full-color image have real color tones and complete details. Results: The experimental comparison is conducted on simulated images and real Bayer images obtained from Luojia3-01 satellite, and the proposed method has significantly improved the false color problem at the edges of ground objects. Compared the comparison methods, the proposed method has the highest peak signal-to-noise ratio and structural similarity index, and the lowest mean square error and natural image quality evaluation score. Conclusions: The proposed method can effectively improve the problem of missing details at the edges of ground features and enhance the quality of reconstruction. It has been successfully applied to the data processing system of Luojia3-01 satellite to interpolate Bayer images in orbit and on the ground, providing effective guarantees for the various applications of Luojia3-01 satellite data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physiological experiment is a traditional experimental course, with the development of scientific research, the classic experimental curriculum also needs to be reformed to adapt to changes in the times. This reform requires not only teachers to conduct in-depth thinking on the curriculum , but also the participation of students. The questionnaire survey is a way to collect students feedback, and can make students participate in teaching reform and improvement of teaching quality. This questionnaire survey was carried in Peking University physiology experiment course from 2012, and so far seven semester data were accumulated. The areas that need to be improved in the course were found through analysis of the survey results, and some problems have been solved. These practices have prompted us to continue to improve the questionnaire survey methods to promote the continuous progress of experimental teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Single-layer MXene and polyacrylonitrile powder (PAN) were used as raw materials to prepare spinning solution, and PAN/MXene composite fiber electrode was prepared by wet spinning and high-temperature carbonization. The effects of MXene content on the microstructure, mechanical, electrical and electrochemical properties of fiber electrode were investigated. The results show that when the MXene content is 25wt%, the fiber electrode has the best comprehensive performance, with the strength, conductivity and specific capacitance reaching 13.24 MPa, 696.37 S/m and 112.13 F/g, respectively. The capacitance retention rate after 1 000 cycles is 95.83%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The optional experiments were carried out in Peking University physiology experiment course for seven semesters in four years. The teaching methods have been improved and the scope of teaching was extended by the way that students decide their own experiment contents. Students were better trained to ask scientific questions, design experimental protocols, and analyze test results in self-designed experiments. Students ' interest in learning was enhanced because experiments using commonly used methods of research deepened the connection with scientific research. Thereby the optional experiment improved the quality of teaching. After more than 20 classes of teaching, this flexible curriculum got a better respondence. At the same time through the teaching practice and student feedback, the course group is also constantly to find and solve new problems, to further promote the curriculum reform, and gets better teaching effect. These are beneficial explorations for the traditional experimental course under new conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paleozoic acidic intrusive rocks are widespread in the Tiekelike tectonic belt of the southern margin of Tarim. Petrography, whole-rock major and trace elements, and zircon U-Pb dating are reported for the Buya granodiorite and its mafic microgranular enclaves ( MMEs) , which are used to constrain their petrogenesis and tectonic setting. High-precision LA-MC-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating has revealed that the quartz monzobiorite was formed at 432. 4 ±6. 4 Ma ( MSWD = 0. 031 ) , and its microgranular enclaves were formed at 432. 4 ± 6. 4 Ma ( MSWD = 0. 031 ) indicating that both of them are the products of early Silurian magma activity. Chemical composition suggests that the enclaves were derived from partial melting of the mantle, while the magma of the host rocks is mainly crustal and is mixed with minor mantle-derived magma. Both the field and petrographic characteristics show that the dark enclaves were formed by the rapid condensation of the mafic magma into the felsic magma, which is the product of the magmatic mixing by the mantle underplating of the lower crust. They are magmatic records of the late stage of early Paleozoic collision orogeny in the southern margin of Tarim. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]