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This study examines the relationship between violence against women and machismo in Guayaquil, focusing on women aged 20 to 29 years The research integrates quantitative and qualitative methods, utilizing surveys, interviews, and focus groups Findings reveal that psychological and physical violence are the most common forms of violence experienced by women in this age group Deeply ingrained macho attitudes were identified in familial, occupational, and social contexts, particularly prevalent in environments with lower educational and socioeconomic levels A significant correlation was found between the prevalence of machismo and incidence of gender-based violence, with women in relationships or contexts exhibiting higher levels of violence The study concludes that machismo is a key factor in perpetuating violence against women in Guayaquil To reduce this violence, it is essential to challenge and change macho attitudes across all societal levels Recommendations include implementing educational programs and awareness campaigns on gender equality, strengthening public policies and victim support services, and promoting ongoing research to evaluate intervention effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Municipal programs of Tax Incentive seek in their implementations to increase the collection of the Tax on Services of Any Nature (ISSQN), promote tax citizenship and reduce tax evasion. The program Nota Londrina was established in 2015 by Municipal Law nº 12.348, in order to encourage the population of Londrina to request the Service's Tax Note (NFS).The program Nota Curitibana was created by Municipal Law nº 102/2017, with the main objective of increasing the collection of ISSQN.Through Law nº 13.953/2021, the ISS Awarded Program was instituted in the city of Ponta Grossa, with the objective of increasing the collection of ISSQN, without increasing rates. The objective of the research is describing how these tax incentive programs were implemented, how their developments were and to verify if there was an increase in the emission os Service's Tax notes was. In this way, we verified the factors that led the other cities not to implement them. The methodology applied characterizes as descriptive, bibliographical and documental research, of qualitative nature. The period analyzed was from 2014 to 2020.For data analysis, two structured interviews were used and data collected from the programs' websites. The analysis indicated that 1% of the state of Parana has active tax incentive programs. In the city of Curitiba, there was an increase in the emission of NFS, as for the program's results, they have been positive so far. About the motivation of the other cities, most showed disinterest in the implementation in their city halls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first thousand days, from conception to two years of age, are a critical period for the development and prevention of malnutrition in all its forms, and a window of opportunity for the implementation of interventions that ensure optimal development and improve human capital. This special article aims to present the main challenges for health and nutrition care in the first thousand days, the progress in the development and implementation of a strategy for this purpose, and to formulate priority recommendations for public policy for the next administration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An exhaustive review of different archived documents at the University of Costa Rica was the starting point of this paper, in order to: highlight the work of the School of Philology, Linguistics and Literature, since its inception, in the field of writing, to point out the approaches used in the teaching of specific writing courses (Composition And Style, Basic Writing Course, Written Expression I and II) and to discuss the existence or absence of paradigm changes in the programs of said courses through the years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the policies and strategies of Corporate Social Responsibility of the company San Gabán in Puno, Peru. According to the perception of local actors, the company's social responsibility policies do not effectively correspond to the implementation of its strategies and social programs. These policies are sporadic, focused, and have limited coverage. Additionally, a lack of actions in strengthening environmental awareness is observed. The challenge for the company is to improve transparency and accountability in order to achieve a greater commitment to social and environmental development. [Extracted from the article]

The use of social networks by high school students from National Police schools in Bogotá includes the identification of possible gaps in cybersecurity issues, despite programmes and strategies related to responsible use when browsing cyberspace. This research is based on the comprehensive-interpretive (sociological) paradigm with a mixed approach of qualitative predominance. A documentary review, a student survey and an in-depth interview with parents and speakers were carried out. The findings were grouped into two categories; cybersecurity and education. The results of the survey showed hyper-connectivity on the part of the students; the interaction carried out through social networks, especially through the exchange of photos, videos, sharing statuses and making video calls. The findings of the interview express that, although each educational establishment is autonomous, among parents, caregivers and teachers an expressly defined route is not clear to follow when evidencing emerging dangers to the use evidenced in social networks. There is also a lack of greater co-responsibility when identifying certain types of behaviour that threaten students, given that some parents consider that it is an issue that the school should take care of, while teachers believe that it is the parents' responsibility. In conclusion, the need to assess the degree of acceptance, the effectiveness and the scope of strategies developed by schools and private or government entities, with respect to raising awareness on cybersecurity issues and responsible use when browsing the Internet, is revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This presidential address focuses on how community intertwines with geography. On one hand, geography is the discipline that studies the community as it exists in place. Geography itself is a community—an intellectual, social, and cultural community—that must be supported and expanded. Geography's strength has been in upholding this community. Today, the discipline of geography suffers from some real challenges. The number of majors has recently declined, and more programs have closed than have opened in recent years. Improving our geographic community can be accomplished through four efforts. First, we need to improve our institutional diversity. Second, we must increase our workforce diversity. Third, we need to attend to expanding our discipline to first-generation students. Finally, we must harness the growth of Advanced Placement Human Geography to improve the status of geography in higher education. These and other efforts will go a long way in expanding the community of geography and in reinvigorating geography as a discipline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to analyze the implementation of the Brazilian Craftsmanship Program - PAB in Alagoas, through the Alagoas Made by Hand Program, from 2015 to 2022. Specifically, it aims to identify the adherence of the actions of the Alagoas Made by Hand Program to the objectives set out in the PAB, identify the perception of artisans about the performance of the PAB and the Alagoas Made by Hand Program and analyze the budgetary and financial executions referring to the Alagoas Made by Hand Program. In terms of research classification, it is bibliographic, documental, qualitative, explanatory and descriptive, with the use of interviews and as method the case study. The results highlight that the implementation of the PAB in Alagoas does not contemplate all the program's spheres, does not publish all its actions and budget execution in a regular way and in a language accessible to society, and does not account for the high amounts passed on to foster Alagoas' handcrafts. We conclude that the implementation of the PAB in Alagoas has not been well conducted, with few points of convergence with the goals of the national program, besides the lack of transparency and publicity of the reports of actions and budgetary and financial execution of the local program to the citizens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work consisted in the design of a tourism development plan in the Cantagallo community and has the purpose of contributing to the positioning of the town within thw Spondylus Route. The procedure consisted of a tourism diagnosis, potencial demand of this community and the design of a tourism development plan. Relevant methods and techniques were used, both descriptive, bibliographic, field, study, direct observation, files, survey, among others. As a result, relevant information on the site, natural and cultural resources was collected, it was obtained that the capacity, potential and predisposition to meet the requirements of the demand in terms of rural tourism activities. As a consequence the proposed tourism development plan for the spondylus route is designd which is directed into three programs for the improvement of tuorismo in the sector that is; the elaboration of a program for the improvement of the tourist infraestructura preparation in the tourist field to the native guides and proposal of promotional communication strategies for the diffusion of the tourist attractions of the Cantagallo community, where the implementation and diffusion of the same is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The municipality of Consolación del Sur, like most of the Cuban municipalities, has the urgent need to solve the problems affecting its sustainable local development, based on the application of knowledge and innovation, from multi-stakeholder participation, the formation and establishment of networks of internal and external actors, inclusive, transparent, participatory and with the protagonism of the local government; therefore, the objective of this research was to configure a multi-stakeholder platform for participatory management led by the local government, which promotes the connection of actors and makes viable the solution of local problems oriented from a systemic perspective of innovation, with a value chain approach, enhancing sustainable local development. To carry out the same, scientific research methods were used, both theoretical and empirical (historical-logical, systemic, etc.), as well as qualitative research methods and techniques, which allowed the participation of key innovation actors in the configuration of the Local Innovation System, aligned to the Municipal Development Strategy and its respective programs and projects, especially those linked to the Food Sovereignty and Nutritional Security Plan, promoting a real and sustainable endogenous local development. The Local Innovation System built and approved by the Municipal Administration Council, from participation, with the techniques and methods used, as well as the documentary and practical basis that supports it, is applicable to the specific conditions and particularities of the municipality of Consolación del Sur. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The real estate boom in Argentina in 2003 used housing as a financial asset (investment, capital protection) without financing for the middle and lower-middle class. Only in 2011, the State begins to respond with various programs and/or credits. The objective is to analyze the instruments of public financing (national and provincial) and the data of the applications, for access to land and housing, taking Rosario as a case study, a city with the largest amount of built surface per inhabitant and 3rd in housing deficit. The methodology is based on content analysis of written documents and observation techniques on images. So far, five programs have been approved and four executed, adding a total of 38 218 requests. It is concluded that the location did not contribute to consolidate the urban fabric, consummating the right to housing, but postponing the right to the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The most frequent practice in teaching western undergraduate students about international relations (IR) is either to avoid gender studies altogether or at best to compartmentalize them to a single week. This practice marginalizes feminist research by amalgamating highly heterogeneous publications under the pretense that "they look at gender." Rather than treating gender studies as a unified research program, they should be linked to the full range of theories, approaches, or topics they are relevant to, based on their normative and ontological assumptions. In the end, gender-oriented scholars do not form a would-be paradigm, but a community of practice. This community, however, can itself perpetuate colonial exclusions and silencing. This study is based on a content analysis of fifty western undergraduate "Introduction to IR" syllabi from 2015 to 2020, as well as a reflection on my own experience since 2011 as a student, teaching assistant, guest lecturer, and professor in ten IR courses at three western universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. Analyze the state of economic development of the municipality of Cunduacán in order to generate alternative opportunities for young people. Methodology. A cross-sectional methodology with secondary data was used. Finding. The results show that, although the municipality has a high HDI, it faces unemployment, so the implementation of the PILARES programs and the strategies to promote social entrepreneurship for young people are some alternatives to promote development in Cunduacán. This research contributes to the theoretical framework on municipal development. Conclusions. The foregoing allows us to recommend that coordination between the government, society, companies, and the university is needed to address the difficulties encountered by the inhabitants of the municipality such as poverty, investment in infrastructure, the inclusion of women in the workplace, and job creation. The latter will allow access to more job opportunities such as Content Marketing and Social Networks, Artificial Intelligence, 3D Printing, Virtual Reality, Big Data, Devices through the Voice, Robotization, automation and digital transformation of companies, Electronic Commerce, and Digital Leisure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction The homeless population (PSR) is characterized by being a heterogeneous group without a permanent home that spends the night in public places or temporary shelters. In the last decades, this population has been increasing gradually, making it urgent to create public policies aimed at this segment. In this sense, the theoricalmethodological guidelines used in scientific productions about PSR are questioned.; Goals; This article aims to analyze the existing scientific production about programs and projects developed with the homeless population. Methods Based on a systematic literature review carried out in the Scientifict Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Virtual Health Library (BVS) and Latin American and Caribbeand Health Sciences (LIilacs) databases, using of booleand descriptors and operators: homeless population AND project. Results Based on the analysis of the 10 selected articles, the results were organized and presented in three categories: social assistance, helath care and public policy management. Conclusions. Thus, there was a tendency to emphasize the need for welfare policies and health care for this population, including trans people and pregnant women. Intersectoriality was, markedly, the strategy indicated as a necessary political guideline for the planning of programs and projects aimed at PSR. The results of this study indicate, therefore, the need to increase scientific production about this population, as well as the creation of intersectoral public policies that go beyond welfare actions, aiming to promote the health and quality of life of these citizes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The digital scholarly edition (DSE) concept is reviewed and discussed, as well as the various denominations used to refer to it. The study investigates the scope of the quality standards set for this type of edition and explores the software available for its publication. The work is completed with an evaluative analysis of a sample of applications, delving into their characteristics, the constraints on the user interfaces to which they give access, and how well they meet the standards. The conclusions confirm the urgent need to critically and systematically evaluate edition software. The gradual development of open and interoperable software stands out as a positive result, based on the coding of texts following the Text Encoding Initiative (TEI), which optimizes data reuse and preservation. However, the durability of web interfaces and the sustainability of these digital projects require adequate research infrastructures, for which it is proposed to promote synergies with libraries and traditional publishers, among other mediators. Finally, to advance with the adaptation of publishing models to the digital paradigm, the need for the academic community to agree on DSE display formats is underlined, as well as to undertake user studies that guarantee the adaptation of DSEs to the target audience they address. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this review article was to address the different advances in gender equality practices in organizations in three Latin American countries. It highlights the value of gender equality programs or initiatives that position the commitment of organizations to human rights, decent work and social justice. However, there are challenges within organizational culture in the implementation, monitoring and evaluation of those programs. This article emphasizes the importance of making a multidimensional understanding and anchoring between individual processes, organizational practices and organizational culture in order to eliminate discriminatory norms and exclusion practices generated by the various biases and gender stereotypes that are reproduced within organizations on issues such as work-family reconciliation, exercise of leadership, workload, remuneration and lack of knowledge about gender. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The training to the directive and its reservations is necessary to perfect the acting of the same ones, that which affects directly in the administration of the organizations. Objective: To propose a system for the design of plans and programs of directive training and their reservations in Cuba. Methods: It was assumed like theoretical-methodological focus, the dialectical-materialistic one, supported in the methods of investigation of the theoretical and empiric level and in statistical techniques. it was carried out an I diagnose based on observation, the interview, surveys and the coefficient of agreement was applied among the experts to validate the designed proposal. Results: The diagnosis showed common elements, as well as peculiarities that constitute necessities of learning in the directive, linked to diverse lacks and that the trainings carried out previously have not been effective. Being determined that the proposal possesses a logical and coherent structure, and it integrates efficiently the different subsystems on the base of that detected in the diagnosis. Conclusions: The system proposal for the design of plans and training programs and directive superación and its reservations was qualified on the base of its components as integral and pertinent for the consulted specialists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The elderly are part of a society defined by technology acceleration, communication and information. These transformations happen at a rapid pace, making a big impact in the life of senior citizens. Our premise is to consider older people as active subjects in full exercise of their rights, to whom digital inclusion is also a part of social inclusion. The objective of this paper is, on the one hand, to carry out a content analysis of the policies implemented in Argentina regarding digital inclusion, including: level of coverage and survey of possible existing gaps. On the other hand, data from a national survey on access to resources and use of information and communication technologies by the elderly are analyzed. The conclusions show that there are significant gaps in both access to resources and frequency of use. Regarding national public policies on the subject, we observed that the pandemic showed that there was no strategic plan for the achievement of a policy of inclusion of the elderly in the new technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study the main focus is magazine programs and talk shows, these formats are often mixed. So, the main objective is to clarify the difference between the two formats, even to verify if there is a difference between them. These types of programs occupy a large part of the time slot on public and private television networks, however, scientific studies on this type of programs are not abundant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes a configurable and computable instructional model based on gamification elements. The empirical evaluation of the model is also reported using the software engineering area as the scope of application. In the experimental study two treatments were compared: the traditional dynamics of using a paper document for the Performance Test, and the use of a Virtual Learning Environment configured based in the model; the dependent variables considered were time and score. From the statistical analysis it was possible to conclude that the students did not present significant differences in the scores obtained in both treatments; however, the time turned out to be a variable with significant differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A review of software applications for managing digital repositories is presented. Information managers have at their disposal several alternatives beyond those that have achieved greater popularity in the area of academic repositories: DSpace and EPrints. Existing alternatives have evolved and implemented mayor improvements in their more recent versions, with the aim of adopting the latest standards for the semantic web and linked data. This paper provides a description of the new features incorporated into the latest versions of the most popular open-source products. The selection has been made using as a reference the information offered by the Digital Preservation Coalition (DPC), Digital Curation Center (DCC), National Digital Stewardship Alliance (NDSA), and Open Preservation Foundation. The conclusions of the study indicate that the combined use of different tools is needed to support a complete archive and digital preservation program, as no single application seems to be able to provide the features required for an effective strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attitudes have been a commonly used psychological measure of program effectiveness in conservation social science research. The major limitation of this approach is that attitudes do not always translate into behavior and therefore may not provide an accurate assessment of program success. Given that achieving conservation goals generally relies on understanding and changing human behavior, we argue for the need to assess behavior rather than attitudes as an indicator of conservation outcomes. Psychological theory shows that attitudes and behavior are distinct, but related, concepts. Measuring conservation behaviors involves identifying the target behavior or behaviors and the optimal time to measure and then selecting the most appropriate method of measurement (i.e., direct observation, objective indicators, self‐reported behavior, and behavioral intentions) that considers the strengths and weaknesses of each approach. We call for conservation programs to focus on influencing behavior rather than attitudes alone and encourage conservation practitioners and researchers to collect high‐quality behavioral data to more effectively inform policy and programs. Article impact statement: Encouraging researchers and practitioners to collect behavioral data and promote behavior change improves policy and program outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The judgment of the High Court of Justice of Extremadura, dated May 31, 2023, refers to the contentious-administrative appeal filed by the "Friends of Monfragüe Association" against the Resolution of the Minister for Ecological Transition and Sustainability of the Government of Extremadura, which approves the Selective Action Program for Ungulates in the Monfragüe National Park 2022-2023. The plaintiff argues that the program lacks the environmental assessment report and that trap cages and management fences are not selective methods. However, the Court dismisses the appeal, considering that the impact report was favorable and that trap cages are allowed selective methods. In summary, the judgment confirms the validity of the program and rejects the arguments of the plaintiff. [Extracted from the article]

The Royal Decree 1159/2021, of December 28, modifies the Royal Decree 907/2007, of July 6, which approves the Regulation of Hydrological Planning. This regulatory reform is part of Spain's Recovery, Transformation, and Resilience Plan and focuses on the configuration of third hydrological plans and the review of special drought plans. Improvements are introduced in five areas, such as considering climate change in hydrological planning and updating the requirements for publication and notification to the European Union. In addition, the requirements for justifying exemptions to the achievement of environmental objectives are strengthened. It came into effect on December 30, 2021. [Extracted from the article]

Parental guidance is essential for active parenting in child therapy. This study aimed to survey the main characteristics of parenting programs in a group of articles published in recent years, and to verify similarities and differences between them, correlating these with the outcomes of the selected articles. The systematic literature review method was used in PubMed, PsycINFO, LILACS, and SCIELO databases. The search was conducted from June to August 2019. It included articles published between 2013 and 2018, of group programs for parents, caregivers or family members, training/mentoring, and health promotion/prevention groups, with a minimum of four sessions. A total of 20 articles met all these criteria and were included in the present study. The articles included in the review showed gains and positive results from the interventions and their importance in the treatment and/or prevention, and health promotion of children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The instruction of learning strategies seems to make it possible to improve the performance and learning of students. Their ignorance or non-use could be cause for school failure. Several investigations indicate the relevance of the instruction of learning strategies in the classrooms, although today little time is still devoted to teaching students how to learn. Therefore, the objective of this research was to review studies that contemplate the evaluation of teaching strategies for learning strategies in the Spanish context. The results showed the scarcity of evaluative studies carried out, with little representative samples, destined, in their majority, to students of Compulsory Secondary Education. However, all of them offered data related to effectiveness after implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The programs of the Health Sciences aim to guarantee the integral preparation of the student to solve the most general and frequent problems that arise in the exercise of his profession. The teaching of Physics to biomedical specialties, health technology and average nursing technician is little accepted by students. They reject the pragmatic way of receiving content by teachers. In addition, they have few learning resources that limit the variety of teaching methods and means in their impartation. Objective: to evaluate the level of acceptance of the subject and the importance that students give to the contents of Physics in their professional performance, using active teaching methods. Design: three-stage research, 1st-3rd, descriptive, prospective-section (identify the level of acceptance of the subject by students), 2nd: intervention, teaching of physics using holistic methods, interdisciplinary with basic-clinical subjects. Period, three academic courses 2016-2019. Results: 17.8% of the students accepted the subject and knew the importance and practical applicability of the contents in their profession. At the end of each course, the clinical bioanalysis students (100%) were the ones who showed the greatest interest in the subject "fluids" (98.2%). Conclusion: The new teaching methods achieved a turnaround of interest in the subject in an exponentially way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the framework of the so-called technicality perspectives,- that in our country started with the develompmentalism and went in depth during the last dictatorship- the practice of planning not only played a key role in the teacher-training processes but it also imposed strict instructions on how to carry out them. Today, these criterias have been questioned and in some cases, modified. In order to know how planning is implemented and taught in the teacher-training process, a Specific Didactics Master thesis was developed at the National University from El Litoral. This thesis aimed to give an answer to the questions presented through a field work research in two Teacher-Training Programmes in Superior Education Institutions from Santa Fe province. There were analiyzed programs related to practice of planning and interviews to subjects on curricula carry out. This article attempts to consider this topic from a fresh angle. The goal is a briefly description on the two main approaches which were used to set the planning practice. This text provides a review of the practices and its meanings currently implemented in both teacher-training programmes. At the end of this work, there is a short paragraph that expresses the author's stance on this complex practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the evolution of the Architecture degree program at the University of the Bío-Bío (UBB) from its creation to the present, through the eight plans of study that have marked the training of the di! erent cohorts that have graduated from this school. The methodology involved the exploration of the existing documentation in archives, from the founding ideology up until today. The agreements that defined the graduate profile and that identify the architects trained at UBB, and the creation of the plans of study and the curriculum diagrams were also examined. The career paths of some of the teachers who brought to life these teaching processes in the classroom were analyzed in accordance with the national and local events of that time. Precisely when this school celebrates 50 years of training professional architects of great national prestige, this tour of its pedagogical models rea" rms its well-deserved third place ranking in architectural degrees in the country and revalidates its international accreditation by the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) since 1991. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The creation of new communications stuffs in internet media has create the need of diverse computer software in order to adapt multifunctional communication to new media. The docuweb with its particular codification, sometimes the translation into the screen from traditional media and sometimes special contents created for the cybermedia, creates the study from the academic field point of view. The adaptation of this sort of storytelling to communication teaching implies the study of the computer tools created for this communication. Medialabs in editorial companies carry out some work in this sense, making necessary an analysis of their framework, and paying special attention to the direct relationship with university departments that teach these new journalistic languages adapted to internet, and in this specific case focused on the documentary genre, docuweb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theoretical promulgations disseminated by the United Nations Organization in recent decades, among other international organizations, hover around the promotion of comprehensive urban programs that include the precarious neighborhood environment, in pursuit of principles of sustainability and urban sustainability. In this article, we question the incidence of these programs in the improvement of the living conditions of a group of families relocated to new homes in the Santa Fe city, Argentina, in the last decade. We consider that, behind the operations of requalification and urban beautification contemplated by these programs and legitimized by arguments that consider the improvement in the living conditions of the impoverished population --as are housing and land ownership--, a socio-spatial structure is reproduced that lays the foundations for the perpetuation of social inequality. Based on a combined qualitative-quantitative methodology and semi-structured personal interviews, we analyze some of the variations in the living conditions before and after the relocation process, seeking to find the transformations that these urban policies have on the impoverished population, seeking to understand their incidence on them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Obesity is a problem that affects more than 650 million people worldwide, according to the WHO in 2016. In Mexico, in recent decades, the prevalence of obesity has tripled; in the Mexican Army, in 2010 the prevalence was of 2.26%, considering 193,000 members, approximately there were 4,361 members with obesity. Although the Directive against obesity was updated in 2010, there are still no concrete results. Objective: Determine the effect of the directive for the comprehensive management of cases of obesity in military personnel, in the decrease in the prevalence of obesity in operational units and administrative units of Military Camp No. 1-A. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in operative and administrative units of Military Field 1-A, where an integrated survey of 31 items was applied to determine the level of compliance with the directive. Results: The obesity directive is structured so that it can be reached above 60% in compliance, although the activities stipulated are carried out differently. As a result of its application, the prevalence was reduced by 5%. Conclusions: Since the updating of the obesity directive, the prevalence of obesity has decreased significantly in units of the Military Field 1-A, Mexico City. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En el marco del cumplimiento de los compromisos alcanzados en el Acuerdo de París, la Comunidad Autónoma de Andalucía (CA) considera que hay que movilizar al sector público, a las empresas y a la sociedad civil. Y es que la nada desdeñable reducción de emisiones a alcanzar en 2050 incidirá intensamente en la vida de la ciudadanía europea y de todas las empresas, sin olvidar el papel de las administraciones; por lo que resulta imprescindible abordar los problemas cuanto antes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents an instrument used to assist visually impaired people in their journey by referencing the individual by means of sound signals and related elements adapted to a device that by means of this device is informed the obstacles captured in front of him where it allows him to anticipate a reaction and can avoid a possible collision. The project consists of the integration between the Arduino Software Integrated Development Environment (IDE) and the Arduino Uno R3 Microcontroller coupled and interconnected in a Base Car. The development of the work, aims to demonstrate the benefits that tool can add to the day to day, making it more apt to such difficulties encountered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyze the programs and social development actions that have been applied in Mexico during the period 2009 to 2016 with the purpose of comparing the number of programs and the level of existing linkage with the target population. It was identified that there is a decoupling of public policies aimed at social development, mainly on the issue of exclusion, inequity, approach, and some programs do not have the targeting of their target population. Family agriculture should be considered as the axis for the articulation of public policies and should be inclusive of all types of family farmers that exist in the Mexican countryside. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumen Introducción y objetivos Los programas para mejorar el afrontamiento del estrés incluyen una serie de técnicas tales como entrenamiento en relajación, reestructuración cognitiva y manejo del tiempo, entre otras. Su aplicación ha mostrado su importancia en el campo de la Psicología de la Salud. El objetivo de este trabajo es verificar la efectividad y establecer la importancia de un programa teórico-práctico de entrenamiento para el manejo del estrés, destinado a profesionales, docentes, no docentes y estudiantes de las carreras de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Material y métodos Se implementó un programa de 5 sesiones destinado a mejorar el afrontamiento del estrés. Se utilizaron como indicadores de eficacia mediciones pre-post de cortisol en cabello y nivel de ansiedad. Resultados Al finalizar el programa disminuyeron significativamente los valores de cortisol en cabello, de ansiedad estado y de ansiedad rasgo en aquellos participantes que completaron el programa. En el grupo control se observó solamente un aumento significativo en los niveles de cortisol en cabello. Conclusiones Este programa resultó efectivo para disminuir el nivel de estrés y ansiedad en los participantes, ayudando a mejorar la calidad de vida de los estudiantes y los profesionales docentes y no docentes que participaron en él. Abstract Introduction and aims Programs to improve stress coping include a series of techniques such as relaxation training, cognitive restructuring, and time management, among others. Its application has shown its importance in the field of Health Psychology. In the present study we show the beneficial results of a theory-practice pilot training program of stress management for professionals, teachers, non teachers and students of Pharmacy and Biochemistry. Material and methods A program of 5 sessions was implemented with the objective of improving stress management. To assess efficacy, we used hair cortisol level and anxiety level tests before and after the program. Results After the program, both hair cortisol and anxiety levels significantly decreased among participants. Hair cortisol significantly increased in the control group. Conclusions This type of program was proved to be effective for all participants, helping to reduce stress and improving their quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD) is a network of organizations coordinated by the World Health Organization. It is a voluntary alliance of national and international organizations, institutions and agencies with global scope that are committed with actions to improve access to prevention, care and essential medications. On its last annual meeting, celebrated in Brussels (Belgium) in September 2017, the need for actions and representation to be grouped by geographic regions was discussed. There are several successful programs regarding morbidity and mortality control of these diseases, and others that improve cost-benefit and quality of life. Thus, SLaai proposes to contribute to the diff usion and knowledge of chronic respiratory diseases magnitude and risk factors, to identify successful programs in Latin America in order for them to be replicated in the region and to generate strategic alliances for the strengthening of joint actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the institutional and methodological reorganization of agricultural extension introduced by the National Agricultural Extension Directorate in the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security. This analysis identiies the gap between proposals and implementations, consequence of the assumptions taken on the institutional and technical capacities in the apprehension and implementation of those proposals. Thus, it is proposed forms of intervention and training content aimed at overcoming the gap, establishing the reorganization of the extension under the principles of a national extension system. For this, new occupational functions and organizational roles are suggested, in addition to structured interventions aimed at achieving socioeconomic changes integrated into the agricultural development programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario's flagship Best Practice Spotlight Organization® Program is scaling up implementation around the globe. The Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation has successfully partnered with the Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario's to become a Best Practice Spotlight Organization Host, and establish an evidence-based culture in South Australia. Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation is the largest professional organisation and trade union for nurses, midwives and assistants in nursing in Australia with a commitment to high standards of professional practice, effective bargaining and industrial representation of members as well as a progressive, social justice based approach to policy issues facing the health system (Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation 2017). Objective: Reflect on the experience of Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation in implementing the Best Practice Spotlight Organization Program in nursing in South Australia. Methodology: To describe the process of scaling up the Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario's Best Practice Guidelines program in South Australia through its Best Practice Spotlight Organizations world renowned feature, barriers and opportunities to its uptake and its evaluation. Conclusions: Evaluation of the Best Practice Spotlight Organizations program demonstrates the value of practice reforms, which were implemented and improved outcomes for patients/clients, improved professional satisfaction and capacity, and created cost efficiencies in the pilot sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose the relevance of tracing the collections of documents in teacher training centres, the so-called Escuelas Normales (Normal Schools), and their importance for reconstructing the history of grammar teaching in general, and, in particular, the history of school grammar. In order to do this, we approached a specific type of document: the so-called "Development" or "Answers" to the syllabi of the Spanish language subject, and we also analyse one text addressed to the Escuelas Normales of Valencia, produced by the 'normal school' teacher Cervera y Royo in his 1898 syllabus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The library technology industry has entered a new phase: business consolidation and technology innovation. Development of products and services to support the increasingly complex work of libraries remains in an ever-decreasing number of hands. Not only have technology-focused companies consolidated themselves, they have become subsumed within higherlevel organizations with broad portfolios of diverse business activities. The survivors of this transformed industry now bear responsibility to deliver innovation from their amassed capacity. Modern web-based systems delivering traditional library automation and discovery capabilities are now merely table stakes. Real progress depends on building out these platforms to support the new areas of service emerging within each type of library. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Psychiatry and neurology are intertwined specialties. The advance of neuropsychiatry allowed the incision of the functional-organic dichotomy, as well as the need to include contents of neurology discipline in training the psychiatrist. Objectives: To determine the content and methodology of neurology discipline in the formation of psychiatry residents. Methods: In 2011 to 2013 a theoretical and reflective research was held on the websites of the Brazilian Psychiatric Association (BPA), residencies in psychiatry in Brazil, PubMed and SciELO. The terms used were: medical residency program and residency in psychiatry; neurology and residency in psychiatry. We searched for skills, workload, hospital care or outpatient, supervisor, teaching method, thematic content, evaluation, research and recommended literature. Results and discussion: In Brazil, there are 66 residencies in psychiatry, concentrated in the Southeast and South regions (71.1%). Of the 840 residency positions, 80.1% are located in these regions. Only 8% of residencies publish their programs, even partial. Psychiatry residents accompany the service of neurology at specialized clinics as neurogeriatrics, headache and epilepsy. No residency discloses the thematic content and recommended literature. An internship reported the need for evaluation to completion. Conclusions: In Brazil, there is not a full program of neurology to form the psychiatrist. It is necessary that the residencies publish their programs and experiences. It is suggested that the BPA structure a national program so the institutions can adapt it to their reality. It is proposed that the preceptor of neurology be part of the psychiatry service, and not the resident pass by neurology subspecialty outpatients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Healthy aging is assumed as a challenge of modern societies, yet not having enough concerns for this age group in health promotion programs. Objetives: Describe the relevant data of the profile to the elderly of a UCC of the north of Portugal to guide us to an intervention program in the promotion of healthy lifestyles. Methodology: Quantitative, descriptive and exploratory study, with a sample of 1,522 elderly subjects of a northern municipality of Portugal. Results: The studied sample shows moderate self-care dependency, being skeletal disease and osteoarticular the most frequent pathology found, followed by endocrine and cardiovascular diseases. Most of the subjects adopt unhealthy lifestyles habits  while existing differences between both genders. Conclusion: These findings show existing characteristics on the elderly that can be the target of an early intervention by rehabilitation nurses. This could be done through a specific health promotion program that can respond to the identified health needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Mexican Automotive Industry is facing an unusual boom. Nevertheless, while the industry is explosively growing in the Bajio and Northeast regions the Northwest Region lags behind and the Center Region grows at average. The objective of this study is to explain those unequal developments by asking whether a discriminating factor lies in the institutional configurations of each region. Methodology: Qualitative and interpretative analysis of governmental programs and documents content. It is based on an analytical model of institutional policies and socio-technique transitions made up of five dimensions of legitimization and interaction among governments, organizations and actors: Regulative, normative, economical, cognitive and cultural/ environmental. The results give little support to the thesis about the roll that institutions might be playing. Limitations: The study does not inquire into the application of governments' programs in practice nor does it consider other likely variables that could be affecting the development of the industry. Conclusions: This research opens the possibility of further research on environmental factors that can be intervening in attracting auto investments --for instance, financial resources engaged by local governments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On the importance of studies on the quality of educational services offered in schools situated in rural research was designed to understand consequences correlated with the implementation of programs and projects in the Microrregião of Brejo Paraibano. As methodological procedure for lifting if you used the document analysis, observation and interview. The selection of the participants, as well as the schools was not random. There were about thirty-two interviews with education professionals. Also made use of observation, with images of educational spaces. As results underscore the influence of programs that address potential changes in: infrastructure of schools, such as field and National Programme for Educational Technology (PROINFO) and Program Direct Money at Rural School (PDDE - Rural); the way was occurring the continuous formation of teachers; in choosing book adopted by schools located in rural areas - the example of Programa Escola ativa and the national program of Textbook, with the adoption of Coleção Girassol books. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social inclusion has been more discussed in society. The literature points increasing role of companies in facing this social inclusion programs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Project Ambassadors of Joy (Projetos Embaixadores da Alegria), which uses the carnival as a tool for social inclusion. The multimethod research (document analysis, questionnaires and interviews) included 538 people (beneficiaries, family members, community members, administrators, funders and implementers of the project). The design was a quasi-experiment that examined whether participation in the program increased awareness of social inclusion. The results of the t test demonstrated that the project achieved its objectives only partially because there was no significant difference in relation to favorability to school inclusion between treatment group and control group. As a complement, in the content analysis, we identified five categories related to procedural aspects and results of the project, namely: (i) family participation; (ii) forms of communication; (iii) mobility; (iv) employment and income generation; and (v) social inclusion. The findings of the research were discussed from the theoretical framework. We give recommendations for the project and suggestions for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this note a course given at the "UN Encuentro de Matemáticas 2016" held in Bogota (Colombia) is described. The course was divided into four parts, devoted, respectively, to basic definitions in Algebraic Topology, to the algorithmic aspects of Topology, to the Kenzo computer system and, finally, to the applications of Computational Algebraic Topology. In the first talk the basic concepts of Algebraic Topology were presented, stressing the importance of replacing the topological space notion by other combinatorial analogues, easing the introduction of homological techniques. In the second talk, we reviewed several algorithms devised to compute homological objects. In the third talk, we described the Kenzo program, using its new version accessible via Internet. In the last talk, persistent homology was introduced and an actual application of topology to image processing was presented, in the frame of a project related to the fight against neurodegenerative diseases, as Alzheimer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The general objective of this article is to describe politics and programs implemented to reduce Nicaragua's poverty. The development of theoretical framework approaches fundamental theories to support and enrich the study. Considering many authors such as : Noriega (2010), Bermudez (2011), Oquendo (2012), Chávez (2002), Ortiz (2010), Torche (2004), Manzanares and Linares (2010), Romero (2013), Pérez y Toro (2011) According to the methodological framework, this study has a descriptive feature and a documental type and not experimental, in addition it was used the technical signing. The final results show expenses designated to health, education and type of housings, programs and projects implemented by the government to contribute to poverty reduction. Even with implementation of projects and programs it has not achieved to fight totally the poverty. By the year 2013 it represented 42.7% and extreme poverty 7.6%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]