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The patients in this manuscript have given written informed consent to publication of their case details. We diagnosed the patient with dermatitis herpetiformis (DH). [Extracted from the article]

We have measured x-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectra at the Co and Pt L2,3-edges in Co80Pt20 perpendicular magnetization films, wherein the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy constant, Ku, significantly increases with decreasing film thickness, δ, and reaches 1.7×107 erg/cm3 for δ=3 nm. The anisotropy of the orbital magnetic moment (AOM) was estimated as a function of δ, and the relationship between AOM and Ku is discussed. When the thickness was reduced, the AOM for Pt 5d was nearly constant, whereas a weak increase was observed for Co 3d. Both AOMs are small in contrast to the large Ku, and any proportionality between AOM and Ku was hardly recognized. This result indicates that a large AOM is not always a necessary and sufficient condition for the appearance of perpendicular magnetization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By using multireference single excitation configuration interaction calculations and multireference single and double excitation CI calculations, we consider the ¹Σ[sup +, sub u]. ¹Π[sub g], and ¹Π[sub u] excited states of the F[sub 2] molecule which lie between 4.3 and 14.1 eV above the ground state. The basis set is composed of 13s, 10p, 7d, and 2f contracted Gaussian-type functions, and covers molecular orbitals spanned by 4s, 4p, and 3d Rydberg orbitals. Of the ¹Σ[sup +, sub u] ¹Σ[sup +, sub u] + states, G is sometimes disregarded, presumably because it is not directly observed by optical measurements, but is inferred from perturbations in the visible and ultraviolet spectra. We find that G ¹Σ[sup +, sub u] arises from the shallow local minimum in the lowest ¹Σ[sup +, sub u] E potential curve, which also has a stable minimum corresponding to the state designated C¹ are Σ[sup +, sub u].The experimental excitation energies (T[sub 0] values) for G ¹Σ[sup + sub u] 12.81-12.87 eV according to electron energy loss spectroscopy, and our theoretical value is 13.06 eV. Agreement between the experiment and the calculation is quite close. The state has a mixed ionic-Rydberg character with an interesting Rydberg portion. The experimental and calculated TO values for C¹Σ[sup +1, sub u] are, respectively, 11.57 and 11.59 eV, suggesting that the present calculation for the state is reliable. Ambiguity found in experimental assignments of the vibrational levels for C ¹Σ[sup +, sub u] is settled here. The ¹Π [sub g] and ¹Π[sub u] states are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the antenna-transmission acoustic-resonance technique, we measured temperature dependencies of mechanical resonance frequencies and attenuation of an Fe-doped GaN. A strong internalfriction peak appears during temperature change, at which reduction in frequency occurs. The peak temperature rises as frequency increases, indicating the phonon-assisted hopping conduction of carriers between Fe centers. The Arrhenius plot yields the activation energy of the hopping conduction to be 0.23 ± 0.05 eV. The frequency reduction of a quasi-plane-shear resonance mode yields the piezoelectric coefficient e15 = 0.332 ± 0.03 C/m². [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the antenna-transmission acoustic-resonance technique, we measured temperature dependencies of mechanical resonance frequencies and attenuation of an Fe-doped GaN. A strong internal-friction peak appears during temperature change, at which reduction in frequency occurs. The peak temperature rises as frequency increases, indicating the phonon-assisted hopping conduction of carriers between Fe centers. The Arrhenius plot yields the activation energy of the hopping conduction to be 0.23 ± 0.05 eV. The frequency reduction of a quasi-plane-shear resonance mode yields the piezoelectric coefficient e 15 = 0.332 ± 0.03 C/m². [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although apomixis is the most common form of parthenogenesis in diplodiploid arthropods, it is uncommon in the haplodiploid insect order Hymenoptera. We found a new type of spontaneous apomixis in the Hymenoptera, completely lacking meiosis and the expulsion of polar bodies in egg maturation division, on the thelytokous strain of a parasitoid wasp Meteorus pulchricornis (Wesmael) (Braconidae, Euphorinae) on pest lepidopteran larvae Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Noctuidae). The absence of the meiotic process was consistent with a non-segregation pattern in the offspring of heterozygous females, and no positive evidence was obtained for the induction of thelytoky by any bacterial symbionts. We discuss the conditions that enable the occurrence of such rare cases of apomictic thelytoky in the Hymenoptera, suggesting the significance of fixed heterosis caused by hybridization or polyploidization, symbiosis with bacterial agents, and occasional sex. Our finding will encourage further genetic studies on parasitoid wasps to use asexual lines more wisely for biological control. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Abstract: In this article, an existence theorem of global solutions with small initial data belonging to , for a chemotaxis system is given on the whole space , . In the case , our global solution is integrable with respect to the space variable on some time interval, and then conserves the mass for a short time, at least. The system consists of a chemotaxis equation with a logarithmic term and an ordinary equation without diffusion term. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The aims of the present study were to investigate whether the activation of the 5-HT receptor subtypes (5-HT4 and 5-HT3) acted significantly on the modification of the tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium current (INaR) in small-sized rat trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons and whether the inhibition of the transient K+ current (IA) contributed to the excitability in those neurons. 5-HT applications in at concentrations ranging from 0.01–10 μM significantly increased the peak INaR. One micromolar 5-HT application caused the greatest increase in the peak INaR amplitude accompanied by a hyperpolarizing shift in the activation curve. A similar modification of INaR properties was also obtained via the application of the 5-HT4 receptor agonist, RS 67333, in concentrations ranging from 0.001–1 μM. The largest effects of 5-HT (1 μM) and RS 67333 (0.1 μM) on the modification of INaR were abolished by pretreatment with ICS 205–930 (a 5-HT3/4 receptor antagonist, 10 μM), which showed no significant effect on the baseline INaR. However, ICS 205–930 application at 30 μM caused a significant decrease in the baseline INaR. Phenylbiguanide (a 5-HT3 receptor agonist) did not significantly alter INaR properties when applied in concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 μM. The application of 0.1 μM RS 67333 decreased the transient K+ current (IA) by approximately 31%. The threshold for action potential generation was significantly lower after the application of 0.1 μM RS 67333. Furthermore, 0.1 μM RS 67333 application increased the number of action potentials and the resting membrane potential got more positive, but it decreased the duration of depolarization phase of action potential. In addition, neither the additional application of 1 μM 5-HT in the presence of 10 μM forskolin, a stimulator of adenylyl cyclase, nor the opposite applications of 5-HT and forskolin caused the enhancement of increased INaR, which indicates the presence of an ‘occluding effect.’ These results suggest that the 5-HT-induced modification of INaR is mediated by the activation of 5-HT4 receptors, involving a cAMP-dependent signaling pathway, and that the inhibition of IA following the application of a 5-HT4 receptor agonist also contributes to the increased number of action potentials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

An autopsy case is reported here of a 69-year-old patient with schizophrenia, who was known retrospectively to have had a prefrontal lobotomy 32 years previously. The patient was diagnosed as schizophrenic at the age of 24 and the lobotomy was undertaken 13 years later. The patient was recently found outside in a dehydrated condition and admitted to a general hospital, where he died of respiratory failure. Bilateral cystic lesions were found in the deep white matter of the frontal lobe. The cyst walls consisted of glial fibrous tissues, and severe demyelination with axonal destruction was diffusely observed in the white matter of the frontal lobe. In the thinner frontal cortex without arcuate fibers (U fibers) close to the cavities, cytoarchitectural abnormalities were observed. In the thalamic nuclei marked retrograde degeneration and astrocytic gliosis were observed. The detailed neuropathological findings of a lobotomized schizophrenic brain are reported here. It is proposed that one should be reminded of a lobotomized brain if bilateral cysts are found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two cases of multiple cerebral tuberculomas are described. A 59-year-old female had liver cirrhosis and was suspected of having metastatic tumors in the brain. A 65-year-old female had chronic renal failure and was diagnosed with miliary tuberculosis and treated with antituberculous drugs. In both cases, consciousness became disturbed gradually. Both patients were diagnosed with multiple cerebral tuberculomas after death. Histologically, both cases showed cerebral granulomas comprising epithelioid cells mixed with reactive astrocytes, and fibrous gliosis surrounding a core of caseous necrosis. These lesions were readily detected by Holzer staining. Some blood vessels around the granulomas showed vasculitis with lymphocyte infiltration in the walls and obliteration of the lumina by epithelioid cell proliferation. In this report, the unique histological features of the multiple cerebral tuberculoma are described and it is suggested that the obliterative vasculitis around them may have caused the disturbed consciousness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

NIJI-III is a compact, superconducting storage ring dedicated for use in several commercial applications, especially x-ray lithography. Assembly of the ring has been completed and NIJI-III has been operating since August 1990. A beam current of above 450 mA was attained at an injection energy of 280 MeV. Currents of more than 200 mA can be accumulated at the final energy of 600 MeV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study of high beam current storage at a low energy is being conducted on the compact electron storage ring NIJI-1. In general, it is said that the stored beam lifetime is rapidly shortened as the beam energy decreases, and the high beam current storage is difficult to obtain. However, a stored beam current above a 350 mA was obtained at an injection energy of 100 MeV, and the lifetime of the stored beam is considerably long. For example, e-folding lifetime is about 2 h at 100 MeV. In this paper, we estimate the beam current decay rate due to the residual gas scattering, the ion trapping effect, and the Touschek effect, and make clear these contributions to the beam lifetime. It was clear that the Toaschek lifetime is lengthened according to the bunch size growth, which is roughly explained by the longitudinal coupled bunch instability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We retrospectively analyzed 58 autopsy cases of cerebral palsy which were clinically diagnosed at the Aichi Prefecture Colony Hospital. Most of the cases of cerebral palsy had brainweights that were 60–70% of the normal brainweight for their ages. However, approximately 20% of the brains were not small, especially in cases over 20 years of age. The brains of cerebral palsy cases showed wide morphological variation, and were classified into thinned cerebral mantle type (10 cases), hydrocephalus type (three cases) and microgyria-pachygyria type (45 cases). Macroscopic morphometric analysis was performed in the brains of the microgyria-pachygyria type using the coronal whole brain sections through the mammillary bodies stained with Klüver-Barerra (KB) stain, and compared with the brains of four cases of the Fukuyama type congenital muscular dystrophy (FCMD), two cases of lissencephaly, and nine cases of non-neural diseases as controls. The morphometric values of the coronal sections in the cerebral palsy cases showed diminished white matter with more dilatated ventricles compared with the control brains. This tendency was stronger in the brains of spastic cerebral palsy cases than in the brain of athetotic cerebral palsy cases. Cerebral palsy, in terms of the morphological complexity of the cerebrum as determined by the morphometric analysis, was situated between FCMD and lissencephaly. Although microscopic analysis of cerebral palsy brains was limited to 19 cases, there were four brains with heterotopic gray matter, three brains with cortical folding, a sign of cortical dysplasia, and three brains with neuronal cytomegaly. In addition, more than half of the brains showed disorganization of lamination in the cortex with disorientation of neurons. These findings suggest that some cases of cerebral palsy may result from disrupted neuronal migration during cortical development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A unique form of striations, pulse striations, has been observed in a glow discharge by means of a laser-triggered pulse. Unlike conventional striations in a discharge tube, pulse striations are generated near an anode placed in free space. Pulse striations are stereoscopic in shape, appear static, and have a relatively short lifetime of around 1 ms. The wavelength of striations was found to be a function of ambient pressure only, while the relationship between wavelength and pressure in pulse striations was similar to that between specific volume and pressure in the polytropic process of neutral gases. Goldstein's original equation is a function of pressure only and appears to describe more common striation phenomena than Goldstein's law, which is additionally dependent on the radius of the discharge tube. An upper limit of current density, above which striations do not occur, exists. A lower limit of current density was also found in addition to the optimum current density for initiating striations. Laser-triggered pulse striations may enable the easy control of striation duration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surface modification of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) film surface by Ar-plasma was investigated by contact angle measurements and XPS in order to answer the following two questions. (1) Could the Ar-plasma modify the PLA film surfaces? (2) What chemical reactions occurred on the film surfaces during the Ar-plasma treatment? The Ar-plasma treatment did not lead to hydrophilic modification of the PLA film surface, but to degradation reactions of the PLA film. Poor modification may be due to instability of the carbon radicals formed from C—O bond scission in the PLA chains by the Ar-plasma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) immediate-early (IE) 2 protein has been reported to be dispensable for growth and latency in mice. Therefore, its role in viral pathogenesis and tissue tropism is not known. Here we prepared specific antibodies to the IE2 and IE3 proteins by using fusion proteins expressed in Escherichia coli as antigens. Immunostaining of MCMV-infected cultured fibroblasts revealed IE2 protein to be expressed diffusely in the nucleoplasm similar to the IE1 protein. In contrast, expression of the IE3 protein, 88 kDa, exhibited a punctate pattern in the nucleus in the early phase of infection then diminished. In the brain of neonatal mice infected with MCMV, both IE2 and IE3 proteins were detected immunohistochemically in the cells of the ventricular walls early in infection. When the infection was prolonged, the IE2 protein was expressed in neurons of the cortex and hippocampus, while the IE3 protein was preferentially expressed in glial cells in the early phase of infection, and its levels declined during the infection. These results suggest that the IE2 protein may play a role in persistent infection in neurons, whereas the IE3 protein, expressed preferentially in glial cells, may play the main role in acute infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]