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Understanding the origin, universality, and maintenance of among-individual variation in behaviour is a current focus of behavioural ecology and comparative psychology. Research on animal personality emphasising the central role of the individual contributes to conservation efforts and animal welfare by tailoring guidelines and interventions at the individual level. Cephalopods are understudied in this respect, despite being the only invertebrate group currently included in international directives for the protection of animals used for scientific purposes. Here, we assessed among-individual variation in behavioural responses (i.e., animal personality) of 21 common octopuses (Octopus vulgaris) temporarily kept in captivity. We performed a battery of tests across three different experimental contexts, namely a Startle test, a Foraging test, and a Disturbance test, each repeated for four consecutive days, adapting established protocols from other cephalopods. Behavioural variables were moderately repeatable. Results of a principal component analysis revealed a three-component structure, with components we labelled Alertness, Exploration, and Boldness. The components were also moderately repeatable. The components Exploration and Boldness predicted each other across experimental contexts, suggesting a behavioural syndrome. Overall, findings indicate marked individual differences in common octopuses, and provide evidence of personality dimensions in a widely used animal model in neurophysiology and cognition. Our findings thus contribute to the study of the evolution of personality structure from a comparative perspective, and may help individual-level welfare refinement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The persistent destructive power of cancer-related fatigue (CRF) has been regarded as the biggest influencing factor affecting the postoperative physical and mental health of patients with cervical cancer. During this process, patients might also experience different feelings of disease-related psychological. Therefore, this study aimed to adopt mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) to intervene in patients with cervical cancer, and conducted follow-up for 3 and 6 months to observe the effects of changes in CRF, uncertainty in illness, coping styles, sense of coherence (SOC), and perceived social support (PSS). Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University. A total of 102 patients were selected, and 78 patients completed the whole process, including 40 in the experimental group and 38 in the control group. Data were collected according to Cancer Fatigue Scale, Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and Sense of Coherence-13. The change trend and difference of the two groups of research data were compared by repeated measurement analysis of variance. Bonferroni test was used for multiple tests between groups. Results: The CRF, SOC, and coping styles of the MBSR group showed a decreasing trend (P < 0.001) at after MBSR, 3 months follow-up, and 6 months follow-up compared to the before MBSR. However, the uncertainty in illness of the MBSR group showed a decreasing trend (P < 0.001) at after MBSR compared to the before MBSR, and it rose in 3 months follow-up and 6 months follow-up. Conclusion: MBSR can effectively alleviate the fatigue of CRF after treatment, while improving their psychological environment. Medical workers can consider implementing online MBSR for patients with cervical cancer in their daily rehabilitation nursing, which is beneficial for their recovery. Trial registration: China Clinical Trial Registration Center ChiCTR2000040122 (https//www.chictr.org.cn/). Registered on November 21, 2020. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the influence of family environment on depression in middle school students, and explore the role of coping styles in this process. Methods A multi-level sampling method was conduct in Qingpu District. A total of 1 902 junior and senior school students from four middle schools were investigated. The questionnaires included self-designed questionnaire which was used for collecting the students' information of gender, age, family environment and so on, coping style questionnaire for middle school students which was used for evaluating the scores of coping factors, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) which was used for evaluating the scores of depression. The t-Test, Mann-Whitney Test, Pearson correlation analysis and Spearman rank correlation analysis were used for difference analysis or correlation analysis, and the SPSS Process was used for Mediation analysis. Results The PHQ-9 scores of junior high school students in the adverse family environment (divorced/single-parent family, unharmonious family atmosphere, and non-wealthy family) were significantly higher than those in favorable family environment (non-divorced/single-parent family, harmonious family atmosphere, and wealthy family). Students in the adverse family environment scored higher in "problem-focused coping" and lower in "emotion-focused coping", while students in adverse family environment scored the opposite. The results of mediation analysis showed that "emotion-focused coping" played a partial mediating role in the relationship between depression and family structure (β = 0.212, 95%CI: 0.029-0.421) or family atmosphere (β = 0.304, 95%CI: 0.169-0.461) or family economic status (β = 0.261, 95%CI: 0.058-0.491) in the middle school students, and the mediation effect accounted for 9.83%, 15.13% and 13.85% of the total effect respectively. "Problem-focused coping" also played a partial mediating role in the relationship between depression and family structure (β = 0.316, 95%CI: 0.139-0.521) or family atmosphere (β = 0.455, 95%CI: 0.311-0.626) or family economic status (β = 0.505, 95%CI: 0.306-0.730) in the middle school students, and the mediation effect accounted for 14.68%, 22.72% and 26.75% of the total effect respectively. Conclusion The adverse family environment is a risk factor for depression in middle school students, and coping styles play a partial mediating role in this process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the online delivery model became the primary mode of education. With multiple pressures on society and families, mental health issues for parents have become particularly pronounced. Most of the current research has focused on the psychological state of education practitioners and children, with little attention to parents' mental health issues. Therefore, this study explored the attitudes and coping styles of parents who experienced the process of their children being taught online over a long period and the factors influencing their mental health. This cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2021 and January 2022, using an anonymous online questionnaire to survey 1500 parents with children aged 6–13 years. The Chinese versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale (PHQ-9), the Parenting Stress Scale (PSS), the General Mental Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), and the Brief Coping Style Scale (SCSQ), and a related factors questionnaire were used to survey the subjects. The normal distribution of the data was examined using the Shapiro–Wilk method. A multivariate regression analysis was conducted to identify factors significantly associated with parental mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Only 30.24% of parents agreed with online classes during the pandemic, and 52.28% used positive coping methods during stressful situations. Multivariate regression models identified significant factors associated with parental mental health: parent's gender, child's grade level, perceived stress about online classes, whether the child has ADHD, positive or negative coping styles, and subjective attitudes of support for online classes or not. The results of the study suggest that as online classes become more socially acceptable, it is necessary to be concerned about the risk of mental illness for parents and develop policies and interventions, especially for parents who adopt negative coping styles and endorse online classes. The focus should be on the stress of online classes on parents, improving the acceptance of online classes and psychological well-being, regulating the way parents deal with their children, and targeting subgroups of children with ADHD symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As age increases, children will face more and more adversity. How effectively they cope with stress and difficulties of life is of great significance to the development of children's mental health and academic achievement. However, few studies have explored how different interpersonal relationships and psychological suzhi work together to influence children's healthy behaviors, particularly healthy coping in adversity. Therefore, this research focused on the teacher–student relationships and coping styles, as well as the chain-mediated effects of peer relationships and psychological suzhi. A total of 688 children (360 boys, 52.3%; Mage = 10.98 and SD = 0.89) completed questionnaires that assessed using teacher–student relationships, peer relationships, psychological suzhi, and coping styles. The results indicated that teacher–student relationships correlated positively with coping styles, peer relationships, and psychological suzhi in children. Besides, teacher–student relationships positively affected coping styles through both the mediating roles of peer relationships and psychological suzhi. This research elucidated the extrinsic and intrinsic factors impacting the coping styles of children, thus providing empirical validation of existing theoretical frameworks. In China, interventions aimed at promoting Chinese children's positive coping could benefit from strategies focused on cultivating high-quality relationships and enhancing psychological suzhi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims Design Methods Results Conclusion Impact Statement Patient or Public Contribution To analyse the current status of psychological resilience in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and its correlation with social support and coping style.A cross‐sectional study.PD patients hospitalized in a tertiary‐level hospital in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, from March 2022 to March 2023 were selected for the study using the convenience sampling method. A general information questionnaire, psychological resilience scale, Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire and Perceived Social Support Scale were used to investigate 111 cases of PD. SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis. The data were analysed using independent samples t‐test, one‐way ANOVA, multiple linear regression analysis and the Pearson correlation coefficient.Parkinson's disease patients have a moderate level of psychological resilience. The results of the Pearson correlation analyses showed that the level of psychological resilience was positively correlated with social support and confrontation and was negatively correlated with avoidance and acceptance‐resignation. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that social support and acceptance‐resignation were the influencing factors of psychological resilience in PD patients.The psychological resilience of PD patients is at a moderate level. Social support and acceptance‐resignation are the factors influencing the psychological resilience of PD patients.This study analysed the level of psychological resilience in PD patients and its correlation with social support and coping style from the perspective of positive psychology to provide some reference for targeted clinical interventions. Our study found that social support and acceptance‐resignation are influential factors in psychological resilience in PD patients. Medical staff should encourage patients to face the disease positively and their social support should be increased in order to improve their level of psychological resilience.No patient or public contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Fatigue affects nurses negatively and may influence life satisfaction. According to the stress process model, active coping might influence the impact of adverse conditions such as fatigue on well-being measures such as life satisfaction. However, no research examined the associations among nurses' fatigue, coping styles, and life satisfaction. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in Liaoning Province, China. 482 effective questionnaires were collected (effective response rate of 80.3%). The questionnaire included Fatigue Scale-14, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire and Satisfaction with Life Scale. The association among fatigue, coping styles and fatigue × coping styles interaction with life satisfaction was examined by hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The interaction was visualized by simple slope analysis. Results: Mean score of life satisfaction was 22.74 ± 6.11. Active coping moderated the relationship between mental fatigue and life satisfaction. The impacts of mental fatigue on life satisfaction gradually decreased in the low (1 SD below the mean, β=-0.400, P < 0.001), mean (β=-0.312, P < 0.001), and high (1 SD above the mean, β=-0.224, P < 0.001) groups of active coping. Conclusion: The life satisfaction of Chinese nurses was relatively low. Active coping could alleviate the impact of mental fatigue on life satisfaction. Developing active coping styles might be a crucial strategy to alleviate nurses' mental fatigue and improve life satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are two gastrointestinal (GI) conditions known to be exacerbated by traumatic life experiences. One way in which these experiences might influence individuals' susceptibility to GI pathology, is by reducing their ability to deal with adversities effectively and predisposing them to passive coping styles that leave them vulnerable to the somatic effects of trauma. To validate this hypothesis, the present cross‐sectional study assessed the mediating effect of coping dispositions on the association between trauma and GI disease activity in an adult sample of 189 bowel patients (94 IBD, 95 IBS) and 92 controls. Results confirmed that GI patients exhibit significantly more cumulative trauma, pervasive feelings of uncontrollability and passive coping strategies than controls. Moreover, the use of passive coping styles was positively associated with the accumulation of trauma and the expression of GI symptoms. Using hierarchical regression and mediation analyses, we found support for the sequential model postulating passive coping styles as (partial) mediators of trauma‐induced (GI) disease manifestations. Specifically, out of all coping styles associated with cumulative trauma, behavioural disengagement most powerfully mediated the effect of trauma on GI symptom severity, accounting for 12% (IBD) to 14% (IBS) of its total effect. A somewhat smaller mediating role was observed for social support coping, the reduced reliance on which explained 7% (IBS) to 10% (IBD) of trauma's total effect. Finally, neuroticism acted as a channel through which past traumatization affected subjects' proneness to behavioural disengagement and, consequently, their GI disease activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individuals colonizing new areas at expanding ranges encounter numerous and unpredictable stressors. Exposure to unfamiliar environments suggests that colonists would differ in stress levels from residents living in familiar conditions. Few empirical studies tested this hypothesis and produced mixed results, and the role of stress regulation in colonization remains unclear. Studies relating stress levels to colonization mainly use a geographical analysis comparing established colonist populations with source populations. We used faecal glucocorticoid metabolites (FGMs) to assess both spatial and temporal dynamics of stress levels in an expanding population of midday gerbils (Meriones meridianus). We demonstrated that adult males and females had higher FGM levels in newly emerged colonies, compared with the source population, but differed in the pattern of FGM dynamics post-foundation. In males, FGM levels sharply decreased in the second year after colony establishment. In females, FGM levels did not change with time and remained high despite the decreasing environmental unpredictability, exhibiting among-individual variation. Increased stress levels of colonist males damping with time post-colonization suggest they are flexible in responding to immediate changes in environmental uncertainty. On the contrary, high and stable over generations stress levels uncoupled from the changes in the environmental uncertainty in female colonists imply that they carry a relatively constant phenotype associated with the reactive coping strategy favouring colonization. We link sex differences in consistency and plasticity in stress regulation during colonization to the sex-specific life-history strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Personal growth initiative (PGI) refers to active and intentional participation in the growth process. PGI includes behavioral and cognitive skills and attitudes that are captured by four factors: Readiness for Change, Planfulness, Using Resources, and Intentional Behavior. There is substantial evidence supporting the positive relations between PGI and various domains of well-being. However, a lack of nuance regarding how the four facets of PGI differentially relate to other aspects of optimal functioning, such as coping, persists. Additionally, PGI has been theoretically tied to coping, but there is limited empirical evidence substantiating this link. Thus, the current study examined the relations between PGI and coping styles, strategies, and self-efficacy in a sample of 789 college students through a series of three canonical correlations. The findings indicated different combinations of the four aspects of PGI related significantly to 13 coping styles, three coping strategies, and three forms of coping self-efficacy. These findings have implications for both the theory and operationalization of PGI, such as the viability of the four separate aspects of PGI, as well as for the application of PGI and coping in college settings, including the development of trainings to increase PGI and adaptive aspects of coping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study investigated how active and avoidant coping styles predicted the trajectory membership of anxiety symptoms during the transition into early adolescence. A total of 321 Chinese children aged 9 to 10 years were recruited from a primary school in mainland China. Self‐reported trait anxiety, coping styles and anxiety symptoms were assessed at baseline. After 6 months, self‐reported anxiety symptoms were measured at three follow‐up assessments with an interval of 6 months. Latent class growth modelling revealed high (18.7%) and low (81.3%) trajectories of anxiety symptoms in children during the transition into early adolescence. After controlling for trait anxiety, depression and sex, high active coping style predicted the trajectory of high anxiety symptoms, which was not moderated by trait anxiety. Before controlling for these covariates, the relation between active coping style and anxiety symptoms was in the opposite direction. A high avoidant coping style showed a trend to predict the trajectory of high anxiety symptoms only for children with low trait anxiety. These findings add a developmental context to the relationships of active and avoidant coping styles to anxiety symptoms and suggest that trait anxiety may moderate these relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The purpose of the current research was to investigate the relationship between narcissism, perfectionism, and parenting styles, and the mediating role of coping styles in this relationship. Methods and Materials: This study was descriptive-correlational and conducted using structural equation modeling (SEM). The population of this research consisted of Iranian men and women, with 250 individuals analyzed as the primary sample. Data collection was carried out through convenience sampling using questionnaire links. The instruments used in this study included the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (Raskin & Hall, 1979), the Baumrind Parenting Styles Questionnaire (1971), the Perfectionism Questionnaire by Hill et al. (2004), and the Coping Styles Questionnaire by Carver, Scheier, and Weintraub (1989). Data analysis was performed using SPSS and AMOS statistical software. Findings: Findings indicate that authoritarian and permissive parenting styles are associated with higher levels of narcissism. Perfectionism, especially when it manifests negatively, is related to narcissism. Furthermore, coping styles act as mediators in these relationships, such that individuals with more positive coping styles are less prone to narcissism. Conclusion: This study can contribute to a better understanding of the relationships between parenting styles, perfectionism, and narcissism, and can be useful in designing therapeutic and preventive programs for individuals with narcissistic personality disorder. Additionally, the findings of this research can assist parents and professionals in avoiding parenting styles and coping methods that may contribute to the reinforcement of narcissism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nursing students encounter various stressors during their clinical practicum; however, the stressors are not the same during different periods. At present, studies on the stressors and coping styles of nursing students in the middle period of their clinical practicum are rare. Aims: The current study aimed to explore the stressors and coping styles of nursing students in the middle period of their clinical practicum. Methods: A qualitative study with a descriptive phenomenological method was conducted to collect data from 10 nursing students undergoing the middle period of their clinical practicum from December 2020 to February 2021. The data were collected by semistructured interviews using interview outlines prepared in advance. The data were analyzed by Colaizzi's analysis method. Results: The stressors experienced by nursing students in the middle period of their clinical practicum mainly included personal reasons, teaching arrangements, interpersonal relationships, occupational particularity and career planning. Additionally, nursing students coped with the stressors that they face in the clinical practicum by eliminating stressors and regulating emotions. Conclusions: Nursing students experienced various stressors and used a variety of coping styles in the middle period of their clinical practicum, which was different from what occurred in the early and late periods. Targeted interventions should be formulated and implemented to relieve nursing students' stress and guide them to adopt effective coping styles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

FreeLudo is an innovative project targeting the primary prevention of DSM-5 Gambling Disorder (GD), addressing children aged between 6 and 8 years attending Primary School. An innovative platform has been developed, which enables hybrid online and offline interaction and provides children with questionnaires aimed at better understanding the potential risk factors for the development of GD. Online interaction consists in providing questionnaires through a simple platform video game; after the video game, the platform also proposes social interaction among children by assigning them social challenges and activities. While providing an interactive user awareness on the risk of Gambling Disorders, the platform allows data collection on potential risk behavior. The paper summarizes the preliminary results of the platform’s first testing phase, conducted on a heterogeneous sample of children aged 6 to 8 years, attending a primary school in the province of Taranto (Apulia, Italy). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Anesthesiologists are constant members of teamwork, especially in operating room and ICU. However, the relationship between teamwork (TW) and psychological state of anesthesiologist has not been adequately studied in the literature. This study aimed to compare the anesthesiologists with other medical branches in terms of coping strategies and perceived social support, considering the levels of teamwork reliance. Methods: We conducted two online surveys. In the preliminary survey, we tested our prediction about the TW levels of anesthesiologists and other branches on medical faculty graduates (n=266). In the main survey with a new sample, we examined the relationship between social support and coping styles against stress in anesthesiology (high TW group, n=107) and dermatology (low TW group, n=91) residents. Results: Preliminary survey showed that anesthesiology had high TW levels (Mean=4.03), as expected. Dermatology who had low TW levels (Mean=2.53) were selected for the comparison group of the main survey. The main survey indicated that dermatologists (Mdn=16) use the submissive coping approach more than anesthesiologists (Mdn=15; p=.007). There was no significant difference in perceived social support levels of the two groups. Conclusion: We found a relationship between passive coping strategies that aim to protect from negative emotions caused by stressful events rather than solving the problem and low teamwork level. We think that teamwork may contribute to problem-solving processes by helping anesthesiologists to actively cope with stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Women are more likely to use alcohol as a coping strategy for psychological distress, with higher rates of comorbidity with depression being found in those with an alcohol use disorder. The objective of this study was to analyze changes in problematic alcohol consumption and depression during the COVID-19 lockdown, and to establish a predictive model based on age. A total of 1889 women aged 18–64 years (M = 36.14) participated. The Patient Health Questionnaire was applied for depression, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test–Short Version for alcohol, and active and avoidant coping were considered. In the period prior to the pandemic, depression and avoidant coping were good predictors of alcohol consumption in women, regardless of age. During lockdown, this predictive capacity was only maintained in women aged 35–64 years. In the mediational models, differences were observed according to age. For women aged 18–34 years, depression was the predictor variable of problematic alcohol consumption, but for women aged 35–64 years it was the avoidant coping style, which is the predominant style in women of this age with clinical depression. The relevance of age in the combined treatments of depression and problematic alcohol consumption is highlighted, and training in active coping strategies is suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Aim: There is a lack of understanding of how social anxiety may affect Internet addiction among adolescents. Based on several theories, the purpose of this study was to investigate the multiple mediating roles of loneliness and coping styles in the association between social anxiety and Internet addiction in Chinese adolescents. Methods: This study used the Social Anxiety Scale, Internet Addiction Test, Loneliness Scale, and Simple Coping Style Questionnaire to investigate 1188 students in two junior high schools and senior high schools in Henan Province, China. We adopted Pearson's correlation analysis and the PROCESS Macro Model 81 in regression analysis to explore the relationships among social anxiety, loneliness, coping styles, and Internet addiction. Results: We found that social anxiety not only directly affects teenagers' Internet addiction, but also affects teenagers' Internet addiction through loneliness and coping styles. Conclusions: These results emphasize the importance of improving social anxiety to reduce Internet addiction among adolescents. At the same time, it also emphasizes the need to reduce adolescents' loneliness and cultivating positive coping styles. In addition, this study has certain theoretical significance for teenagers' mental health and intervention studies on Internet addiction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To examine the role of COVID-19-specific stressful life events (SLE) in predicting depression, anxiety, and life satisfaction, and if personality traits (extraversion and neuroticism), and coping styles (problem-focused coping and avoidance coping) moderated these relations. Data were collected from 371 college students (Mage = 20.59; SDage = 2.58) from one large university of the Mid-Atlantic region in the U.S. Participants completed an online survey measuring COVID-19 related stressful life events (adapted from a tool developed to measure stressful life events during the SARS pandemic; Costa et al., 2001; Main et al., 2011), personality (the Mini-Markers; Saucier, 1994), coping styles (by using a measure developed by Aldrige-Gerry et al., 2011), depression (PHQ-9; Kroenke et al., 2011), anxiety (GAD-7; Spitzer et al., 2006), and life satisfaction (Student's Life Satisfaction Scale, Huebner, 1996) between March 27th and April 27th, 2020. Path analysis results showed that extraversion and avoidance coping style moderated the effects of SLE on depression and anxiety symptoms; neuroticism and avoidance coping style moderated the relation between SLE and life satisfaction. The moderation results also differed by gender. These findings indicated that the COVID-19 pandemic had deleterious effects on college students' mental health, where extraversion emerged as a protective factor, while neuroticism and avoidance coping style were risk factors. These findings underscore the importance of paying special attention to college students' mental health needs and promoting appropriate coping strategies in the light of the current pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) has been considered the biggest influencing factor for cancer patients after surgery. This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram for severe cancer-related fatigue (CRF) patients with cervical cancer (CC). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to develop and validate a nomogram (building set = 196; validation set = 88) in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of a Class III hospital in Shenyang, Liaoning Province. We adopted the questionnaire method, including the Cancer Fatigue Scale (CFS), Medical Uncertainty in Illness Scale (MUIS), Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and Sense of Coherence-13 (SOC-13). Binary logistic regression was used to test the risk factors of CRF. The R4.1.2 software was used to develop and validate the nomogram, including Bootstrap resampling method, the ability of Area Under Curve (AUC), Concordance Index (C-Index), Hosmer Lemeshow goodness of fit test, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, Calibration calibration curve, and Decision Curve Analysis curve (DCA). Results: The regression equation was Logit(P) = 1.276–0.947 Monthly income + 0.989 Long-term passive smoking − 0.952 Physical exercise + 1.512 Diagnosis type + 1.040 Coping style − 0.726 Perceived Social Support − 2.350 Sense of Coherence. The C-Index of the nomogram was 0.921 (95% CI: 0.877 0.958). The ROC curve showed the sensitivity of the nomogram was 0.821, the specificity was 0.900, and the accuracy was 0.857. AUC was 0.916 (95% CI: 0.876 0.957). The calibration showed that the predicted probability of the nomogram fitted well with the actual probability. The DCA curve showed when the prediction probability was greater than about 10%, the benefit of the nomogram was positive. The results in the validation group were similar. Conclusion: This nomogram had good identifiability, accuracy and clinical practicality, and could be used as a prediction and evaluation tool for severe cases of clinical patients with CC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Empathy is an important part of the work of helping another person, but sometimes this work is exhausing and beyond the resources of the helper-especially when the helper does not choose a problem-solving style of coping with stress. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between empathy and perceived stress and coping styles in stressful situations among students from selected fields of study. Material/Methods: A total of 90 students participated in the survey: this included 30 fifthyear students each from three fields of study - medical, law and psychology. They were mostly aged 23-25 and represented in greater numbers by women (65.6%). The Emotional-Cognitive Empathy Questionnaire (EEP) - by Wilczek-Rużyczka (2017), the PSS-10 test - Perceived Stress Scale in its Polish adaptation by Juczyński and Ogiń ska-Bulik (2009), the Questionnaire of Coping in Stressful Situations (CISS) in its Polish adaptation by Strelau et al. (2005) and the author's socio-demographic questionnaire were used as research tools. Results: The regression analysis conducted showed that as the level of cognitive empathy increases, the level of stress will significantly decrease. A relationship was found between cognitive empathy and task-focused coping style. The students studied showed significant differences in their levels of empathy and perceived stress depending on their field of study: law students were characterized by lower empathy and higher stress compared to those in the medical and psychology fields. In contrast, no differences were found between students from different fields of study in terms of their choice of stress-focused coping style. Conclusions: Correlation analysis showed a significant opposite relationship between empathy and perceived stress, and differences were found in the level of empathy and the level of stress in students depending on their field of study. The obtained results indicate the necessity of empathy training in groups of students, which, as the ob tained results and numerous scientific reports indicate, has a protective character, therein reducing stress and professional burnout levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We studied the associations between childhood-identified learning disabilities and adult-age mental health and whether adult-age reading and math skills, coping styles, or resilience influenced the associations. The participants were 159 Finnish adults (60.4% males). Of them, 48 (30%) had a reading disability (RD), 22 (14%) had a math disability (MD), 21 (13%) had RD + MD identified in childhood, and 68 (43%) were population-based controls, matched based on gender, age, and place of residence. At ages 20–40 (Mage = 29), they reported their mental health, coping styles, and resilience, and their reading and math skills were assessed. The hierarchical regression analyses, predicting mental health with RD, MD, and their interaction while controlling for gender and age, indicated that childhood MD predicted the occurrence of more mental health problems in adulthood, but this was not observed in the case of RD. The RDxMD positive interaction effect reflected better mental health in both the RD and the RD + MD groups than in the MD group. Controlling for adult-age reading and math skills had no effect on the association between MD and mental health outcomes while controlling for resilience and coping styles diminished the impact of MD. Strong resilience without the use of an emotion-oriented coping may thus alleviate the association between MD and mental health. As childhood MD can have long-term associations with mental health problems, these issues need to be addressed in school, at work, and in healthcare. Based on our findings, strengthening effective coping and resilience may be one avenue of support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aims to investigate whether each coping style used by Vietnamese people living with infertility diagnosis is associated with specific types of infertility-related stress (IRS). In this cross-sectional design study, 997 patients with primary infertility diagnosis from three hospitals and two clinics in three regions of Vietnam completed questionnaire that consisted of Fertility Problem Inventory, the Copenhagen Multi-Centre Psychosocial Infertility and other questions. Four different linear regression analyses were performed on four coping styles. The five types of IRS and covariates were included in these models. The results show that participants who experience all five types of IRS reported the dominant use of active-avoidance coping, while having four types of IRS, except for social concern, was associated with higher use of meaning-based coping. Utilising active-confronting coping was reported to be the outcome of experiencing increasing need for parenthood and decreasing rejection of child-free lifestyle. Choice of passive-avoidance coping was more common among those with increasing social concern and need for parenthood. Age and educational level impacted infertile people's choice of avoidance coping strategies. The results provide evidence to understand the direct impact of each type of IRS on infertile people's choice of coping styles to better support them during their individual and family therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective support on positive coping styles was significantly stronger. Conclusion: We revealed the underlying mechanisms between social support and mental health literacy. The present study has profound implications for mental health literacy services for parents who have children with special needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is considered an integral part of therapy in many hematological and non‐hematological malignancies. The procedure can be highly stressful for patients. The primary objective of this study was to compare stress assessments in HSCT patients, depending on their stress coping style (CS) and type of treatment (autologous vs. allogeneic HSCT). Methods: A short longitudinal study was conducted between May 2021 and June 2023 among patients with hematological cancers undergoing HSCT. The study involved four time points: the day of admission to hospital – T1, the day before HSCT – T2, 6 days after HSCT – T3, and the day of discharge – T4. Participants completed the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) on T1, and the Distress Thermometer (DT) on T1‐T4. Descriptive statistics and a repeated measures ANOVA were conducted. Results: A total of 128 participants completed the study: 54.2% female, mean age 48.7 years. They were divided into: (1) five groups based on their CS: task‐oriented, emotion‐oriented, avoidance‐oriented, mix‐oriented, differential‐oriented; (2) two groups based on treatment type. The analyses showed significant differences in stress between the CS study groups (p = 0.001). The emotion‐oriented group had the highest stress levels during the hospitalization period. There was also a significant time effect (p < 0.001): stress levels increased during the hospitalization period, peaking 6 days after HSCT, and decreased at discharge. Conclusions: Stress levels depend on coping styles and time points during the hospitalization period, which should be taken into account in planning psychological interventions for HSCT patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although adolescence is characterized by increasing individuation, parental support represents an important resource especially in early adolescence. This multi-informant study examined the role of parental self-efficacy in providing emotional and instrumental support when early adolescents partially learned from home during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on a resources model of coping, we examined effects of parental self-efficacy on early adolescents' reports of self-regulated learning (SRL), learning self-efficacy, and positive emotions, mediated via early adolescents' problem-focused and emotion-focused coping. Assumptions were tested among 263 Austrian parent-child dyads. While the mediation assumption was rejected, we identified positive associations between emotional support and SRL, and between problem-focused coping and SRL, learning self-efficacy, and positive emotions. Instrumental support negatively related to SRL, suggesting benefits of emotional over instrumental support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the mediating effect of coping styles on the relationship between anxiety triggered by COVID- 19 and health-related anxiety in the general population of Kashan city during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional online questionnaire was used to collect data from 390 participants in Kashan, Iran, between March and April 2020, during the peak of the pandemic. Participants were recruited through snowball sampling. The assessment tools included the Short Health Anxiety Inventory (SHAI), COVID-19 Anxiety Scale, Coping Responses Inventory (CRI), and Body Vigilance Scale (BVS). Descriptive and correlation analyses were performed using SPSS-22, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted with Amos- 22 software to analyze the mediating role of coping styles. Results: The Pearson correlation results revealed that problem-solving, social support, and cognitive reappraisal were negatively associated with health anxiety, while emotion-focused and somatization coping strategies were positively associated with health anxiety symptoms (p < .05). The SEM analysis showed that cognitive reappraisal acted as a negative mediator in the relationship between COVID- 19 anxiety and health anxiety. Conclusions: Our findings support previous research indicating that emotion-focused coping strategies can exacerbate anxiety levels. Additionally, we found that cognitive reappraisal may serve as a protective factor in mitigating the transition from COVID-19 anxiety to health anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The covid-19 causes a lot of distress in patients due to its prevalence and the uncertainty of the treatment result, which may even cause a person to experience trauma. Several studies have shown the role of coping styles and self-esteem in recovery from illness. However, there was a research gap in the study of the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between coping styles and post-traumatic growth in patients with corona. Aims: The aim is to prediction post-traumatic growth based on coping styles with mediated by selfesteem in recovered corona patients. Methods: The procedure of this research was descriptive and correlation. The statistical population of this study were all recovered patients with corona disease in Sari city in the second half of 2022. We selected 250 patients (18-55 years) based on Green formula. Method of sampling was convenience. The instruments of this study were post-traumatic growth questionnaire of Tedeschi & Calhoun (1996), self-esteem Cooper Smith test (1967), coping styles Parker & Endler (1990). The collective data was analyzed by structural equation modeling and path analysis. Results: The results show that there ara positive and significant relationship between problemfocused coping style, negative and significant relationship between emotion-focused and avoidantfocused styles and post-traumatic growth in recovered corona patients. Also the data showed that self-esteem mediates the relationship between coping styles and post-traumatic growth positive significantly in recovered corona patients (p<0.001). Conclusion: it can be said that part of the effect coping styles on post-traumatic growth could be applied through self-esteem. Problem-focused coping style as well as self-esteem led to high posttraumatic growth in recovered corona patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim and background: Chronic pain can be a complex and overwhelming experience, impacting various aspects of a person's life and functioning. The aim of this research was to compare coping styles, psychological flexibility, and hope between individuals with chronic pain and those without chronic pain. Material and Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional descriptive analytical design, specifically a causal-comparative study. The statistical population of this research included all individuals aged 20-65 who had visited Sina Hospital and Sheikh Al Raees Clinic in Tabriz during the fall of 1401. Initially, 120 individuals (60 with chronic pain and 60 without chronic pain) were selected from the statistical population using convenience sampling. Data was collected using the Rosenstiel and Keefe's Coping Strategies Questionnaire, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), and Snyder Hope Scale. Data was then analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance, univariate analysis of variance, independent t-tests, and SPSS version 25. Results: The results indicated significant differences in coping strategies, psychological flexibility, and hope between individuals with chronic pain and those without chronic pain. Conclusion: The findings of this study highlight the necessity of adopting a multidimensional approach to understand chronic pain. Furthermore, these findings can serve as an empirical basis for the development of educational and therapeutic programs for individuals with chronic pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of three different safety stressors (safety role ambiguity, safety role conflicts, and safety interpersonal conflicts) on safety performance of coal miners under the mediating role of resilience and coping styles.Patients and Methods: The study is cross-sectional. To collect data to analyze the hypothesized relationships in the present study, a total of 450 questionnaires were distributed to coal miners in Shannxi Province of China. Regression analysis was employed as the main statistical technique in analyzing the data using SPSS 22.0 and Process 4.1.Results: The results of regression analysis indicate that the three kind of safety stressors have a negative predictive effect on coal miners' safety performance. Resilience and coping styles both were the mediating variables between the safety stressors (safety role ambiguity, safety role conflicts, and safety interpersonal conflicts) and coal miners' safety performance, and resilience and coping styles play a chain mediating role between the safety stressors (safety role ambiguity, safety role conflicts, and safety interpersonal conflicts) and safety performance of coal miners.Conclusion: This study further explores the mechanism between safety stressors and safety performance, providing theoretical guidance for improving the safety performance of coal mines. It emphasizes the importance of coal miner's resilience intervention, positive coping styles promotion, and negative coping styles prevention in coal mine safety production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has become a chronic disease that threatens human health. Self-management in patients with OSA can influence their quality of life, and illness perception and coping styles are relevant facilitators of self-management, but this specific relationship has not been adequately studied. The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status and relationship between illness perception, coping styles, and self-management behaviors in patients with OSA, and how coping styles mediate this relationship. This is a cross-sectional study. Conducted between September 2022 and March 2023, the study involved patients aged ≥18 years old in two hospitals who were diagnosed with OSA. The survey was conducted using the demographic characteristics questionnaire, the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, the Simple Coping Style Questionnaire, and the Self-management Behavior Questionnaire of patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Spearman's correlation analysis was used for correlation analysis and multiple linear regression and structural equation models were used for mediation effect testing. There were 282 valid questionnaires, with a 94 % valid response rate. Higher levels of self-management behaviors were associated with low negative illness perceptions, high positive coping, and low negative coping. The study also demonstrated that the mediating effect accounted for 25.65 % (−0.049/−0.191) of the overall effect. Illness perceptions in OSA patients were negatively related to positive coping styles, positively related to negative coping styles, and negatively related to self-management. This study suggests that coping styles of OSA patients mediate illness perception and self-management. • The study proved that there is a significant correlation between illness perception, coping styles and self-management in patients with OSA，which provides a new and relevant theoretical basis for the field of sleep medicine. • Coping styles of OSA patients mediate the relationship between illness perception and self-management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND Basic psychological need theory has identified three basic needs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Need satisfaction is necessary for development and well-being, while need frustration can lead to maladaptive functioning. The study investigated the significance of individual profiles of basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration in experiencing stress, coping, and satisfaction with life. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE Participants (N = 622, Mage = 22.22 ± 4.30) completed the Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, Stress Appraisal Questionnaire, COPE Inventory, and Satisfaction with Life Scale. We performed exploratory factor analysis to identify coping styles, latent profile analysis to distinguish groups with specific need profiles, and MANOVA to demonstrate differences between these groups. RESULTS Five coping styles were identified: (1) problem-focused, (2) emotion-focused, (3) meaning-focused, (4) escape-avoidance, and (5) religious. The following groups of individuals characterized by specific profiles of basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration were distinguished: (1) mainly low satisfaction and high frustration of relatedness; (2) high satisfaction and low frustration of all basic needs; (3) low satisfaction and high frustration of all basic needs; (4) average satisfaction and frustration of all basic needs; (5) mainly low satisfaction and high frustration of competence. These groups significantly differ in perceived stress, coping styles, and life satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with profile 3 were the most stressed and tend to use escape-avoidance coping style. Participants with profile 2 coped using a problem-focused style and had higher life satisfaction. These findings indicate that a person-centered approach leads to a better understanding of experiencing stress and coping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study aimed to explore the relationship between workplace bullying among nurses and their professional quality of life, as well as the mediating role of coping styles between the two factors. Background: In China, the overall status of nurses' professional quality of life is not optimistic, and the problems of low compassion satisfaction and high compassion fatigue persist. Workplace bullying, which is a serious global issue, can negatively impact the mental health and professional quality of nurses. However, it has still not attracted enough attention from managers. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional research design and surveyed 297 clinical nurses from two tertiary grade A hospitals in Wuhan, China. Data were collected through an online questionnaire survey from March to May 2022. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods, including Pearson correlation analysis and structural equation modeling. Results: The score for nurses' workplace bullying was 38.72 ± 12.30. The scores for the three dimensions of professional quality of life were 27.56 ± 4.79 for compassion satisfaction, 30.51 ± 4.33 for burnout, and 28.47 ± 4.65 for secondary trauma stress. The scores for positive coping style and negative coping style were 34.59 ± 5.72 and 20.34 ± 5.08 points, respectively. Workplace bullying had a direct negative effect on compassion satisfaction, as well as positive direct effects on burnout and secondary traumatic stress. Coping styles played a mediating effect between workplace bullying and the pairwise relationships of compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary trauma stress. Conclusion: Workplace bullying hurts nurses' professional quality of life while coping styles plays an mediating role between workplace bullying and professional quality of life. Nursing managers can improve nurses' professional quality of life by reducing workplace bullying and enhancing positive coping style. Implications for nursing management: Nursing managers can employ management wisdom and techniques to mitigate the presence and detrimental effects of workplace bullying. This, in turn, promotes a positive work environment and enhances the professional quality of life for nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Cancer patients often have a hard time coping with their illness and treatment. How they cope can impact their quality of life. This study looked at the coping styles and quality of life of breast cancer patients receiving radiotherapy compared with healthy people. Researchers measured levels of active coping (like making plans and thinking positively), emotion-focused coping (like seeking support), and avoidant coping (like denial). They also assessed mental, physical, and overall quality of life. The results show breast cancer patients engaged less in active coping and had a lower quality of life than healthy controls. In patients, avoidant coping was strongly tied to a worse quality of life in all areas. Active coping was only weakly related to better physical health for patients, though it was strongly linked to mental and overall quality of life in controls. The findings show the heavy burden cancer puts on quality of life. They suggest avoidant coping consistently harms wellbeing. Boosting helpful coping skills may lessen treatment side effects. Purpose: This study examined relationships between coping styles and quality of life (QoL) in oncology patients undergoing radiotherapy compared with healthy controls. Coping styles and QoL were assessed to elucidate connections and inform psychosocial care. Methods: 57 females participated, including 28 breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy and 29 healthy controls matched on demographics. Participants completed the COPE Inventory, which measures active, emotion-focused, and avoidant coping levels, and the SF-36, which assesses mental, physical, and overall QoL. Between-group differences were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test. Correlations between coping styles and QoL were examined with Spearman's r. Results: Breast cancer patients showed a significantly lower QoL on all scales versus controls. In patients, active coping weakly correlated with physical QoL, while avoidance moderately to strongly correlated with poorer mental, physical, and overall QoL. In controls, active coping strongly correlated with mental and overall QoL, and avoidance moderately negatively correlated across domains. Conclusion: Maladaptive avoidance coping was strongly related to poorer QoL in both groups, especially patients. Active coping showed limited benefits for patients' QoL, in contrast with the controls. Those with low scores require effective interventions during radiotherapy, which are crucial for coping with treatment adverse effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To examine the relationship between self-disclosure, coping styles, and benefit finding (BF) among caregivers of cancer patients. The study also aimed to identify the factors influencing BF and the impact of coping styles on the relationship between self-disclosure and BF. Methods: Convenience sampling was used to select 300 caregivers of cancer patients aged greater than 18 years from October 2022 to April 2023 in Chengdu, China. The demographic and clinical characteristics questionnaire, the Benefit Finding Scale (BFS), the Distress Disclosure Index Scale (DDI), and the Simple Coping Style Scale (SCSQ) for caregivers were included in this study. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation analyses, and multiple linear regression models were used. The effect of mediation was tested by the PROCESS macro (Model 4) for SPSS 26.0 by Hayes using 5000 bootstrap samples. Results: There were 292 valid questionnaires (effective response rate 97.33%). The total scores of BF, self-disclosure, negative coping style, and positive coping style of caregivers were 67.77 ± 14.78, 38.23 ± 8.59, 19.68 ± 5.98, and 9.88 ± 4.18, respectively; Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that BF was positively correlated with self-disclosure, positive coping, and negatively correlated with negative coping; multiple linear regression analysis showed that self-disclosure, positive coping, and negative coping were influential factors of BF. The results revealed that the effect of self-disclosure on BF was partly mediated by coping styles. It also confirmed that the mediation effect accounted for 54.03% of the total effect. Conclusion: The BF of caregivers is at a moderate level. Self-disclosure may influence BF partly because of coping styles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The schema mode model offers a new conceptualisation of complex dissociative disorders (CDD) as it explains shifts between identities as shifts between schema modes. Furthermore, in this model CDD is conceived as personality pathology, incorporating core features of personality disorders. This study tested the assumptions of this schema mode model of CDD. Method: Questionnaires measuring personality disorder traits, schemas, schema modes and coping styles were filled out by patients with CDD, borderline personality disorder and avoidant personality disorder (N = 210), and their scores on the various constructs were compared. Results: Participants with CDD were characterised by specific schizoid, schizotypal, borderline and avoidant personality traits and early maladaptive schemas in the domains of disconnection and rejection and over‐vigilance and inhibition. The most pronounced schema modes were the dysfunctional parent modes, avoidant coping modes and the vulnerable child mode. For coping styles, no differences were found between the diagnostic groups. Conclusion and discussion: On all outcome measures participants with CDD scored at the level of personality disorders and showed a unique pattern different from participants with borderline and avoidant personality disorder. This suggests that CDD shows features akin to a personality disorder. A clinical implication is that an adapted form of schema therapy might present a viable treatment option for CDD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE Identifying how people have been coping with stress during the COVID-19 pandemic allows us to anticipate how the population may react to similar stressors over time. In this study, we assessed patterns of coping styles among veterans and nonveterans, and stability and change in these strategies at 3 time points during the pandemic. METHODS Using an online survey platform, we circulated a questionnaire at 3 time points during the period when COVID-19 vaccines became widely available (December 2-27, 2020; January 21-February 6, 2021; and March 8-23, 2021). The questionnaire asked participants about their extent of use of 11 coping strategies, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. RESULTS A total of 2,085 participants (50.8% veterans) completed the questionnaire at 1 or more time points and 930 participants (62.8% veterans) completed it at all 3 time points. Cluster analysis identified 3 distinct coping styles: adaptive, distressed, and disengaged. Compared with nonveterans, veterans more commonly had adaptive and disengaged coping styles, and less commonly had a distressed coping style. The majority of the cohort (71.3%) changed coping style at least once during the study period. Participants who used the same coping style across all 3 time points reported lower levels of anxiety and depression. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate a need to better understand the dynamic nature of coping with pandemic-level stressors across time. We did not find patterns of change in coping styles, but our findings point to potential advantages of stability in coping style. It is possible that less adaptive styles that are more stable may be advantageous for mental health. This research has implications for supporting patients dealing with stress in family medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In this study, we investigated the coping mechanisms and stress perceptions of adolescent patients with Crohn's disease. Methods: Using semi-structured face-to-face interviews, we conducted an extensive qualitative study of the disease perceptions, stress experiences, and corresponding coping mechanisms in adolescent patients with Crohn's disease. We used Colaizzi content analysis to synthesize the themes. Results: The two main themes in this study were inappropriate coping mechanisms and physical and psychological stress. The primary initiators of physical and psychological stress in adolescents with Crohn's disease were weak disease perception, symptom distress, negative emotions, lack of support, and multiple stressors. The decrease in self-management and self-control induced by the initiators led to changes in cognition, emotions, and attitudes, which subsequently led to poor coping behavior. Conclusion: Adolescents with Crohn's disease can better combat the condition by implementing appropriate coping strategies. Their mental health should be given attention, and a multidisciplinary team should be assembled to provide them with supportive care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Our previous study showed that the severity of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children significantly correlates with the quality of life and perceived stress in their mothers. Aim: To compare strategies for coping with stress in mothers of children with and without AD, as well as to investigate the relationship between coping strategies of mothers of affected children and AD variables, stress intensity, and quality of life. Material and methods: The study included 88 mothers of children with AD and 57 mothers of children without AD as controls. The severity of skin lesions in children with AD was assessed by the Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index, and skin itch was evaluated by the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). All mothers completed the sociodemographic questionnaire (SD), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the Coping Orientations to Problems Experienced (COPE) scale. Additionally, mothers of children with AD filled out the Family Dermatology Life Quality Index (FDLQI). Results: There were no statistically significant differences in coping strategies between the groups. However, there were significant correlations between the selected coping strategies and AD severity, perceived stress of mothers, and quality of life of the entire family of affected children. Conclusions: Although mothers of children with AD experience higher levels of stress compared with mothers of children without AD, the disease does not change coping strategies. Psychological support for mothers of children with AD should be oriented toward strengthening cognitive coping strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the current study was to explore the influence of coping styles and trait mindfulness on the satisfaction of romantic relationships (RRS) among college students. Of the 305 participants, 258 (males: 115, 44.6%) had previously been in, or were presently in a romantic relationship. All participants completed the MAAS, CSQ, and questions about RRS. There was a significant meditating role of mature coping styles in the relationship between trait mindfulness and RRS (indirect effect [95% CI] = 0.021 [0.001, 0.052]). However, the mediating effect of immature coping styles was not significant (indirect effect [95% CI] = 0.038 [−0.020, 0.097]). Mature coping style plays an important mediating role in the relationship between mindfulness and relationship satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People living with HIV often have complex identities and histories. Understanding how these experiences influence adherence to treatment and quality of life are critical to the HIV care. The experiences of older adults living with HIV are uniquely embedded within biology and aging as well as gender. This study described the gendered strategies for coping with HIV among older adults who are childhood sexual abuse survivors. Audio-recorded semi-structured interviews were performed with 24 adults who are 50 years and older from a clinic in South Carolina. Thematic analysis approach was used to discuss key concepts, reconcile codes, and name emergent themes. Overall, the participants used a spectrum of coping strategies including spirituality, seclusion, social support, substance use, engagement in HIV care, information acquisition and sharing, and cognitive reframing. Our findings suggest the potential for growth and recovery is heightened if the interplay of HIV diagnosis, aging, coping, and mental health is considered. Healthcare providers should assess the ways in which individuals interpret their HIV diagnosis and other lived experiences to better understand their patients' mental health. Knowledge of gender-based coping strategies used in HIV-relevant outcomes can be translated into more effective treatment plans to improve the overall quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

aimei Zhu,1 Zhongxiang Cai11Department of Nursing, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; 2School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, People's Republic of China; 3Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; 4School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhongxiang Cai; Lili Zhang, Department of Nursing, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430060, People's Republic of China, Tel +86-18627932929 ; +86-13971907706, Email [email protected] ; [email protected] Purpose: Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is related to childhood trauma, negative life events, and coping style, but the interaction among these factors and the mechanism by which they interact in adolescents with depressive disorder remain unclear. This paper explores how these factors interact to influence NSSI and provides evidence to develop prevention efforts and interventions for adolescents with depressive disorder with NSSI.Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional design and convenient sampling method were used in this study. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist, Trait Coping Style Questionnaire, and Adolescent Nonsuicidal Self-injury Assessment Questionnaire were completed by 540 adolescents with depressive disorder. Descriptive analysis, chi-square tests, t-tests, Pearson correlations, and serial mediation analyses were used in the data analysis.Results: A total of 398 (79.442%) adolescents with depressive disorders reported experiences of NSSI. The results of serial mediation analyses determined that childhood trauma has a direct (estimate = 0.209, 95% CI: 0.063, 0.334) and indirect (estimate = 0.271, 95% CI: 0.199, 0.371) impact on NSSI. The indirect impact of childhood trauma on NSSI through negative life events alone (estimate = 0.096, 95% CI: 0.007, 0.169), coping styles alone (estimate = 0.088, 95% CI: 0.034, 0.183), and negative life events on coping styles (estimate = 0.086, 95% CI: 0.042, 0.162) was significant.Conclusion: This study demonstrates that screening for childhood trauma should be considered when preventing and treating NSSI behavior in adolescents with depressive disorder. Managing negative life events and coping style may mitigate the negative impact of childhood trauma on NSSI behavior in adolescents with depressive disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly increased depression prevalence in general population. However, the relationship between persistent dysfunctional thinking associated with COVID-19 (perseverative-cognition) and depression, and its potential moderators are understudied. We aimed to examine the association between COVID-19 perseverative-cognition and depression, and the moderating effect of potential risk and protective factors on this association in general public during the peak of fifth COVID-19 wave in Hong Kong. This survey recruited 14,269 community-dwelling adults between March 15–April 3, 2022 to investigate association between COVID-19 perseverative-cognition and depression, and the moderating effect of resilience, loneliness and three coping strategies (including emotion-focused, problem-focused and avoidant coping) on this association, using hierarchical regression models and simple slope analyses. COVID-19 perseverative cognition was assessed by the Obsession with COVID-19 Scale (OCS) and depressive symptoms were measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Perseverative-cognition was positively associated with depression severity. Resilience, loneliness and three coping strategies moderated the association between perseverative-cognition and depression. Specifically, greater resilience and emotion-focused coping ameliorated the association between perseverative-cognition and depression, while higher levels of loneliness, avoidant and problem-focused coping accentuated such association. Cross-sectional design precluded establishing causality among variables. This study affirms that COVID-19 perseverative-cognition is significantly related to depression. Our findings indicate the potential critical role of enhanced personal resilience and social support, and adoption of emotion-focused coping in mitigating negative effect of COVID-19 related maladaptive thinking on depression severity, thereby facilitating development of targeted strategies to reduce psychological distress amidst the prolonged pandemic. • Moderators between depression and COVID-19 dysfunctional cognition are understudied. • COVID-19 dysfunctional cognition is positively associated with depression severity. • Resilience & emotion-focused coping reduce COVID cognition-depression association. • Loneliness, avoidant & problem-focused coping exacerbate such association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Emerging adulthood is a critical period of life involving many life transitions that may generate stress and compromise health and mental well-being. Aims: To know the most frequent life events of women and men in emerging adulthood, analyzing also the relevance that such stressors have on their psychological well-being and life satisfaction. A second aim is to determine the relevance of age, educational level, most frequent life events, coping styles, and perceived social support as risk and protective factors for well-being. Method: The sample consisted of 2,000 individuals from the general Spanish population (55% women), aged between 18 and 29, who were assessed using five questionnaires and scales measuring life events, coping styles, life satisfaction, psychological well-being, and social support. Results: The findings showed that 90% of the sample had experienced one or more life events during the previous year and that a higher number of life events experienced over the past year was associated with lower mental well-being. Multiple regression analyses made clear that, although some events experienced in the previous year (namely, family conflicts and change in the relationship with parents) were associated with lower women's and men's well-being, the most important determinants of well-being in either gender were coping styles; however, some predictors of women's well-being proved different from those of men. In the case of women, family and intimate partner conflicts predicted lower life satisfaction and psychological well-being was lower in the case of family conflicts. As for men, work or academic life events predicted lower life satisfaction. Conclusion: These research findings are relevant for the design of programs and strategies to improve mental well-being in emerging adulthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Veterans of the U.S. Armed Forces are an at-risk population given their increased mental health concerns resulting from their military service. However, there has been limited research conducted with this population during the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine aspects of positive psychological functioning with 132 U.S. veterans during COVID-19 using Lazarus and Folkman's (1984) transactional model of stress and coping. Specifically, we examined the personal resources of hope and proactive personality, two coping styles, and satisfaction with life. We performed correlation analyses to determine how these constructs related to each other. We also conducted a regression analysis to examine if the two dimensions of hope, proactive personality, adaptive coping, and maladaptive coping predicted veterans' satisfaction with life. Lastly, we utilized a mediation analysis to investigate whether two coping styles mediated the relationships among personal resources and satisfaction with life. Findings from the regression analysis suggested hope pathways and proactive personality were significant predictors of satisfaction with life. Results from the mediation analysis suggested that adaptive and maladaptive coping did not mediate the relationships among personal resources and satisfaction with life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the past two decades, the construct of perfectionism has attracted much attention in the clinical field and in the psychology of personality. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the moderating role of coping styles between perfectionism and learned helplessness (LH). The present study was an ex-post-facto study with a perfectionist group and a normal group each of which was divided into two factions (Problem-focused coping (PFC) and Emotion-focused coping (EFC)). The statistical population of this survey included all the students of Shahid Beheshti University during the academic year of the 2019–2020 semesters from which 58 students were selected via purposeful sampling as the final sample. Robert Hill's perfectionism scale, his LH scale, and Billings and Moss (1981) coping strategies were administered to 58 Iranian male college students. Factorial ANOVA analyses were conducted. Results indicated that the perfectionist group had a higher LH than the normal group. In addition, the PFC-style perfectionist group reported less LH than the EFC-style perfectionist group (F = 4.8, F = 5.4, F = 4.9, P < 0.05). These findings are consistent with most previous studies of coping styles and LH. The results of the study would suggest that teaching PFC styles to perfectionists can prevent LH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses' workload increased dramatically, and nurses faced the risk of infection and multiple ethical dilemmas. In such a situation, nurse burnout was elevated, which tended to exacerbate depression in nurses. Although previous studies have demonstrated the relationship between burnout and depression among nurses, the exact mechanisms remain unclear. Furthermore, environmental factors are also essential to a person's psychological health. Therefore, this study intended to investigate the potential mechanisms of depression caused by nurse burnout and whether burnout among frontline nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated its effect on depression in nurses as an environmental factor. Methods: A total of 4517 nurses were enrolled in this study. A moderated mediation model was established to investigate the relationship between burnout and positive coping styles, interpersonal relationships, and depression utilizing the SPSS PROCESS 3.3 macro. The direct effect of burnout on depression was also investigated with the moderated mediation model. Results: The indirect effects of positive coping styles (β = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.04) and interpersonal relationships (β = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.10 to 0.13) were revealed. Being a frontline nurse caring for COVID-19 patients moderated the direct effect of burnout on depression (β = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.16). Conclusion: This study offers strong evidence for the mediating role of positive coping styles and interpersonal relationships in the relationship between nurse burnout and depression, in addition to illustrating the need for more psychological support for frontline nurses caring for COVID-19 patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adolescents who were raised in conflict‐ridden areas may face unique challenges that may also impact their transition to adulthood. We explored coping processes, distress symptoms, and resilience resources of late adolescents and their parents residing in Israeli communities bordering Gaza and exposed to ongoing conflict‐related violence. We conducted in‐depth interviews with late adolescents and one of their parents (n = 8 dyads, 16 individual interviews). Four main themes emerged: (a) dynamic adaptation – complex movement between coping styles; (b) distress symptoms; (c) siblingship – the central role of siblings in shaping adolescent resilience; and (d) community impacts – the ways in which social and physical environment can foster resilience. The findings broaden existing coping theories and offer practical implications for practitioners providing support to populations exposed to prolonged conflicts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the Western world. The treatment of choice for this disease is surgery. Facing any surgery includes the need for psychological adjustment to the new situation. This study analyses the level of stress that patients experience before potentially curative colorectal cancer surgery, patients' coping styles and patients' perception of the disease. This work will help to explore new approaches in the care of these patients and will participate in improving these patients' states of well-being. (1) Background: In the treatment of colorectal cancer, it is important to consider different psychosocial factors. Our first objective was to measure the levels of perceived stress in subjects diagnosed with colorectal cancer awaiting potentially curative surgery. Also, we aimed to analyse what coping styles these patients used, how they perceived their illness, and the subsequent influence of these factors on their levels of stress. (2) Methods: Stress, coping styles and illness perception were assessed in a sample of 107 patients. The instruments used were the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14), the Stress Coping Questionnaire (SCQ) and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ-R). (3) Results: Patients using active coping styles have lower levels of perceived stress (p = 0.000; p = 0.002) than patients making use of passive coping styles (p = 0.000; p = 0.032; p = 0.001). A multi-linear regression model found that the perception of illness and the use of the negative approach coping style (p = 0.000; p = 0.001) influence an increase in perceived stress, and that a decrease in stress levels was influenced by the problem solving coping style (p = 0.001). (4) Conclusions: Based on our results, we recommend preventive interventions in care patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The study aimed to examine the structural relationship of major depressive disorder (MDD), anxiety disorder, various mental diseases, quality of life, coping methods, and other variables in patient with brain pathology and hematological cancer patients. Methods: A total of (n=215) samples were included in the structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses. The analyses were done with brain pathology patients (110) and haematological cancer patients (105). Results: In the current study, the multivariate normality kurtosis was 9.112 with c.r = 3.950 obtained in this SEM model. In the SEM model, the global health status towards MDD can explain about 30% of the variance. The global health status score was found to have a significant positive association with self-distraction coping styles, gender, and emotional functioning. Gender has a significant positive association with global health status, indicating that male patients have improved overall health. In terms of severity of MDD the positive correlation was found with panic disorder life time. Emotional functioning, self distraction and global health status were shown to have a significant and inverse relationship with the severity of MDD (p<0.05). Conclusion: The severity of MDD was found to have a strong and detrimental association with cancer types indicating the brain pathology patients tends to have more severity of depression compared to haematological cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) in the infant is shown to be associated with heightened anxiety in the parents. However, depression and coping styles were not studied in parents of children with CMPA. The object of this study was to investigate the internalizing problems and coping styles in mothers of youngsters with CMPA. Materials and Methods: The sample contained 41 subjects with CMPA and 41 subject without any chronic health problems, aged between 4 and 11 months. Anxiety, depression and coping styles of mothers were measured with Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Coping Attitudes Rating Scale (COPE). Results: There were significant differences between the two groups in terms of anxiety and depression levels (p< 0.001). The mothers in the CMPA group used active emotional coping strategies less than control group (p=0.021). Total breastfeeding duration of the children in the CMPA group was lower than the healthy controls (p=0.008). There was negative correlation between active emotional coping scores and the time of adding supplemental food to infant's diet (r=-0.42, p=0.06). Children who had additional food allergies breastfed less than the children who had only CMPA (p=0.02). Conclusion: Mothers of the children with CMPA are under heightened risk for anxiety and depression. Children with CMPA may be at risk for shorter duration of breastfeeding. Anxious and depressed caregivers may be referred for psychological help since the first year of life is essential for healthy psychological development of the children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]