Search

This treatise seeks to show the problem of the theological method per se, in that it has always been infected with secular philosophies in its form and structure. That is, the theological method, which should be purely scriptural, has often coined the method of philosophy and/or the sciences (other than theology), often ignoring the exclusivity of the theological method per se, namely, exegetical. or interpretive itself. Therefore, in this essay we present the criticisms of some Christian thinkers and theologians of the use and method in vogue, advocating for a methodology that clearly emanates from the Holy Scriptures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a SiGe/Si heterojunction inductive line tunneling tunnel field-effect transistor with source Schottky contact (SC HJLT-iTFET) is proposed and investigated by the Sentaurus Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD) simulator. By utilizing an appropriate source Schottky metal, the need for multiple ion implantation and annealing steps required for traditional P–I–N TFETs can be avoided, and the problems of self-alignment and random dopant fluctuations (RDF) during ion implantation can be solved. A high ON-state current (I ON) is obtained as fully overlapping the source and gate by line tunneling mechanism dominated, the appropriate Si1− x Ge x mole fraction material in the source region and high-k gate dielectric employed can further improve I ON. The incorporation of the block layer effectively decreases the lateral electric field at the drain end to reduce the OFF-state current (I OFF). Furthermore, the proposed charge enhancement layer (CEL) on the SiGe channel can suppress the Fermi level pinning effect (FLP) and enhance the charge of the source region. Based on the feasibility of the practical fabrication process, and the rigorous simulations indicate that the device has an SSavg of 19.8 mV/dec and SSmin of 6.8 mV/dec at V D = 0.2 V, I ON of 2.27 × 10−6 A μ m−1, and an I ON/ I OFF ratio of 1.02 × 1010, with extremely fast switching speed. These features make the device suitable for future ultra-low power applications on the internet of things, artificial intelligence, and related fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge graph completion (KGC) can enhance the completeness of the knowledge graph (KG). Traditional transductive KGC assumes that all entities and relations employed during testing have been seen in the training phase. As real-world KGs constantly evolve, it becomes imperative to retrain the KG whenever unseen entities or relations appear. Inductive knowledge graph completion (IKGC) aims to complete missing triples involving unseen entities or relations without retraining and has garnered substantial attention recently. This paper is the first one that provides a comprehensive review of IKGC from both technical and theoretical perspectives. Technically, IKGC is categorized into two groups: structural information-based IKGC and additional information-based IKGC. Theoretically, IKGC is divided into two categories: semi-inductive setting and fully-inductive setting. In particular, each category is further subdivided into distinct granularities, and theoretical scenarios are incorporated into the technical methods to facilitate comparison and analysis. Finally, future research directions are prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The properties of an inductive RF discharge placed in a longitudinal external magnetic field with an induction of less than 70 G at frequencies of 2, 4, and 13.56 MHz are studied. The dependences of the region of existence of the discharge, the efficiency of the RF power input and the structure of the RF magnetic field on the external magnetic field induction are studied experimentally. The experimental results are compared with calculations based on a previously developed electromagnetic discharge model. It is shown that the local maximum of the plasma density observed at weak magnetic fields is associated with the resonant excitation of waves in the plasma source. The excited wave is close to a transverse helicon at a frequency of 2 MHz, and its properties approach the Trivelpiece–Gould wave at a frequency of 13.56 MHz,. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thematic analysis is a highly popular technique among qualitative researchers for analyzing qualitative data, which usually comprises thick descriptive data. However, the application and use of thematic analysis has also involved complications due to confusion regarding the final outcome's presentation as a conceptual model. This paper develops a systematic thematic analysis process for creating a conceptual model from qualitative research findings. It explores the adaptability of the proposed process across various research methodologies, including constructivist methodologies, positivist methodologies, grounded theory, and interpretive phenomenology, and justifies their application. The paper distinguishes between inductive and deductive coding approaches and emphasizes the merits of each. It suggests that the derived systematic thematic analysis model is valuable across multiple disciplines, particularly in grounded theory, ethnographic approaches, and narrative approaches, while also being adaptable to more descriptive, positivist-based methodologies. By providing a methodological roadmap, this study enhances the rigor and replicability of thematic analysis and offers a comprehensive strategy for theoretical conceptualization in qualitative research. The contribution of this paper is a systematic six-step thematic analysis process that leads to the development of a conceptual model; each step is described in detail and examples are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Inductive Bible Study method is a hermeneutical approach and process for studying the Bible. Focusing on the final form of the text and trying to minimize or eliminate presuppositions, it takes into consideration all relevant sources of evidence, observing and examining the text, asking questions from the observations, and answering them, primarily from the text itself, but with the flexibility to incorporate other types of evidence from outside the text if the text itself demands it for clearer understanding. The inductive method (IBS), as described and demonstrated in this article, emphasizes both the form and content of the text, focusing on the various contexts of the text. Matthew 16:13–28 is used to illustrate certain aspects of the method, and the telic benediction in Hebrews 13:20–21 serves as the main example of a text to which the IBS method is applied to yield text-centered results over against an emphasis on foreground or background matters. The results are often profound and always come straight from the context of the text being studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of an experimental study of a low-power RF plasma source placed in a longitudinal magnetic field (helicon thruster), when it operates on a capacitive RF discharge and inductive RF discharges with a capacitive component, are presented. A significant dependence of the characteristics of the ion and electron fluxes of the source on the induction of a constant magnetic field is shown. The fundamental applicability of capacitive RF discharge as a working process in the studied plasma source is demonstrated. It is shown that the increase in the average energy of ions in the flow at the outlet of the source with the appearance of the capacitive component of the discharge is slight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thematic analysis is a highly popular technique among qualitative researchers for analyzing qualitative data, which usually comprises thick descriptive data. However, the application and use of thematic analysis has also involved complications due to confusion regarding the final outcome's presentation as a conceptual model. This paper develops a systematic thematic analysis process for creating a conceptual model from qualitative research findings. It explores the adaptability of the proposed process across various research methodologies, including constructivist methodologies, positivist methodologies, grounded theory, and interpretive phenomenology, and justifies their application. The paper distinguishes between inductive and deductive coding approaches and emphasizes the merits of each. It suggests that the derived systematic thematic analysis model is valuable across multiple disciplines, particularly in grounded theory, ethnographic approaches, and narrative approaches, while also being adaptable to more descriptive, positivist-based methodologies. By providing a methodological roadmap, this study enhances the rigor and replicability of thematic analysis and offers a comprehensive strategy for theoretical conceptualization in qualitative research. The contribution of this paper is a systematic six-step thematic analysis process that leads to the development of a conceptual model; each step is described in detail and examples are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the results of an experimental study of the axial structure of the longitudinal RF magnetic field and parameters of the plasma of an inductive low-power plasma source placed in a magnetic field of 12–72 G. It is shown that, already in a magnetic field of 24 G, a nonmonotonic dependence of the longitudinal component of the RF magnetic field on the axial coordinate is clearly manifested. The change in the phase of the RF field indicates that a partially traveling wave is formed in the discharge. Probe measurements show that the electron energy distribution function is enriched with fast electrons whose velocity correlates with the phase velocity of the wave. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photovoltaic (PV) plants are playing an increasingly important role in the power system, and research focuses on their reliability and security have notably grown in recent years. To ensure the stable operation of PV plants, the low voltage ride-through (LVRT) strategy is attracting lots of academic and industrial interest. This is because the LVRT can prevent PV plants from being immediately disconnected during grid faults, which helps avoid slower recovery and extended power outages. Hence, this work proposes to enhance the LVRT capability of the PV plant using superconducting fault current limiters (SFCLs). Besides, the impacts of various types of SFCLs on the LVRT characteristics of the PV plant are thoroughly analyzed. Moreover, this work investigates the performance of various types of SFCLs in enhancing the LVRT capability of PV plants and achieving current-limiting effects, providing valuable insights for the design of SFCLs. A model of a real 35 kV grid-connected PV plant with SFCLs is built, and the theoretical analysis is validated. The results demonstrate the feasibility and superiority of using SFCL in enhancing the LVRT capability of PV plants, serving as a reference for the application of SFCLs in renewable energy stations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the results of an experimental study of a low-power RF inductive plasma source placed in a longitudinal magnetic field. The measurements show the formation of an ion-accelerating potential drop at the source output with its value depending on the magnetic field and the flow rate of the working gas. The parameters of the electron and ion flows generated by the source nonmonotonically change with the magnetic field. In the main range of the studied magnetic fields, the electron flux generated by the source at the axis of the system exceeds the ion flux, and the average electron energy increases with the magnetic field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, ecologists have embraced the human dimensions of their discipline and expanded their remit to explore issues traditionally addressed by the social sciences and environmental humanities. This expansion offers opportunities to engage with diverse methodologies, some of which challenge the orthodoxies of conservation research; however, ecologists do not have the expertise to use social science methodologies in their work. In this Toolkit, we outline ways to improve social‐ecological research and outcomes through partnerships with qualitative researchers. Ecologists – who lack the epistemological and methodological preparation needed for productive qualitative or mixed methods study design – have often used quantitative methods to investigate social‐ecological systems. Though this has enhanced our ecological knowledge and led to the development of evidence‐based conservation practices, the biodiversity crisis continues to worsen as a result of human behaviours. Qualitative inquiry offers powerful insights into the drivers of social and behavioural phenomena but remains under‐represented in ecological research despite its broadening demographic. This presents a substantial missed opportunity that warrants rectifying. Here, we outline the qualitative research paradigm and highlight its benefits to ecology and ecologists. We also discuss a range of pitfalls and caveats ecologists encounter by not using appropriate qualitative research designs to support the exploration of their questions. We conclude by providing guidance for ecologists who intend to conduct research embracing qualitative or mixed paradigm designs. In order to address the human dimensions of ecology and conservation, it is essential to engage qualitative experts within and beyond the ecological science community. When fruitful collaborations form, research teams are able to approach some of ecology's most challenging problems from new perspectives, incorporating the views and knowledge of stakeholders on whom we rely for success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Magnetic and inductive sensors are the dominant technologies in angular position sensing for automotive applications. This paper introduces a new angular sensor: a hybrid concept combining the magnetic Hall and inductive principles. A magnetic Hall transducer provides an accurate angle from 0° to 180°, whereas an inductive transducer provides a coarse angle from 0° to 360°. For this novel concept, a hybrid target with a magnetic and inductive signature is also needed. Using the two principles at the same time enables superior performances, in terms of range, compactness and robustness, that are not possible when used separately. We realized and characterized a prototype. The prototype achieves a 360° range, has a high accuracy and is robust against mechanical misalignments, stray fields and stray metals. The measurement results demonstrate that the two sensing principles are completely independent, thereby opening the doors for hybrid optimum magnetic–inductive designs beyond the usual trade-offs (range vs. resolution, size vs. robustness to misalignment). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The articles in this special issue apply a variety of theoretical and methodological perspectives to quantitative and qualitative data gathered in eight third‐year, intermediate second‐language (L2) Spanish classes at three U.S. high schools (N = 195). The goal of this research was to document grammatical development through two forms of explicit instruction on the pronoun se: one involving deductive rule presentations, and the other involving an inductive "co‐construction" of grammatical rules with learners (Adair‐Hauck et al., 2005). After reviewing cognitive and social approaches to explicit instruction, I present the context and procedures for data gathering, followed by an overview of the main findings in each article. While quantitative results suggest a somewhat stronger performance for the deductive group, qualitative evidence suggests a more challenging task for teachers implementing co‐construction. I conclude emphasizing the value of high‐quality explicit instruction to L2 development and the importance of teachers in making that happen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a new method to design the coils of a series-series inductive power transfer system taking into consideration the compensation network, the battery charging profile and the efficiency of the system. Harmonic balance technique is used to derive the transient and steady-state model of the coil. Equations defining the possible frequency trajectories for the entire charging profile are derived. A design algorithm for the coil and selection of the compensation network capacitance is presented. To prevent the frequency splitting phenomenon a reduction of the secondary (receiver coil) inductance value is required. To this end the condition under which frequency splitting occurs is derived, without any simplifying assumptions, and used to guide the selection of the new secondary inductor value. An analysis for the redesigned system with the reduced secondary inductance is presented. It is observed that operating the system close to the transmitter coil resonant frequency results in both zero voltage switching and optimum efficiency. For the redesigned system, the upper frequency trajectory of the system operates close to the resonant frequency of the transmitter coil and hence ensuring high efficiency and zero voltage switching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Whilst theoretical grounding is considered important for sound research methodology, consensus on the application of theory in qualitative research remains elusive. Novice researchers may experience challenges in applying theory in qualitative research and these may contribute to the under‐use, over‐reliance or inappropriate application of theory. Practical guidance on how theory can inform and guide the conduct of qualitative research is needed. Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to propose a framework for the application of theory in qualitative research and provide an exemplar. Methods: The Theoretical Application Framework for Qualitative Studies (TAF‐QS) was developed from the synthesis of existing literature and the authors' own experience of the application of theory. Results: The TAF‐QS encourages researchers to articulate which theoretical framework or conceptional framework they are drawing on and how this will be applied by reflecting on the purpose and the context of the study. Conclusion: The TAF‐QS provides support for researchers to explore how theory can be applied and how to achieve this in qualitative research. The use of theory in qualitative research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For image classification in computer vision, the performance of conventional deep neural networks (DNN) may usually drop when labeled training samples are limited. In this case, few-shot learning (FSL) or particularly zero-shot learning (ZSL), i.e. classification of target classes with few or zero labeled training samples, was proposed to imitate the strong learning ability of human. However, recent investigations show that most existing ZSL models may easily overfit and they tend to misclassify the target instance as one class seen in the training set. To alleviate this problem, we proposed an embedding based ZSL method with a self-focus mechanism, i.e. a focus-ratio that introduces the importance of each dimension, into the model optimization process. The objective function will be reconstructed according to these focus-ratios encouraging that the embedding model focus exclusively on important dimensions in the target space. As the self-focus module only takes part in the training process, the over-fitting knowledge is apportioned, and hence the rest embedding model can become more generalized for the new classes during test. Experimental results on four benchmarks, including AwA1, AwA2, aPY and CUB, show that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on coarse-grained ZSL tasks while not affecting the performance of fine-grained ZSL. Additionally, several comparisons demonstrate the superiority of the proposed mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Person-centred care (PCC) is promoted as an innovation that will improve patients' rights and increase their participation in healthcare. Experience shows that the implementation of PCC is challenging and often results in varying levels of adoption. How health care professionals (HCPs) perceive an innovation such as PCC is an important factor to consider in implementation. Yet, such studies are scarce. Thus, in a sample of healthcare units in a region in Sweden, involved in a transition to PCC, we aimed to investigate HCPs' perceptions of PCC.Methods: An interview study was conducted in 2018 during the implementation of PCC with HCPs (n = 97) representing diverse vocational roles in six healthcare contexts. Data were collected via focus groups (n = 15), dyadic interviews (n = 5), and individual interviews (n = 22) and analysed using a deductive-inductive content analysis. The deductive approach was guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), followed by an inductive analysis to describe HCPs' in-depth perceptions of PCC in relation to each of the CFIR constructs.Results: Eight constructs from two of the CFIR domains, Intervention characteristics and Inner setting, were used to code HCPs' perceptions of PCC. One construct, Observability, was added to the coding sheet to fully describe all the data. The constructs Relative advantage, Complexity, Compatibility, Observability, and Available resources were discussed in depth by HCPs and resulted in rich and detailed data in the inductive data analysis. This analysis showed large variations in perceptions of PCC among HCPs, based on factors such as the PCCs ethical underpinnings, its operationalisation into concrete working routines, and each HCPs' unique recognition of PCC and the value they placed on it.Conclusions: We identified nine CFIR constructs that seem pertinent to HCPs' perceptions of PCC. HCPs report an array of mixed perceptions of PCC, underlining its complex nature. The perceptions are shaped by a range of factors, such as their individual understandings of the concept and the operationalisation of PCC in their local context. Stakeholders in charge of implementing PCC might use the results as a guide, delineating factors that may be important to consider in a wide range of healthcare contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Memory allocation and deallocation are the fundamental operations of embedded operating systems, which have been extensively used in many safety critical systems. The correctness of the operations is of paramount importance because their failure could incur severe consequences. While the system is running, the memory state can easily grow to a gigantic amount, which means that it is impossible to verify the huge memory states one by one. Therefore, it is a challenge how to verify the correctness of running memory state of the system. In this article, we propose a novel memory state verification method based on inductive and deductive reasoning. First, we abstract the memory state as a list of memory blocks, which will transform in memory operations. Second, we construct the generic model based on the transition function of the memory management and summarize the invariant properties of the memory state. Third, we use the inductive method to calculate the changes between the memory states, and verify that the memory state of the system always satisfy the global properties. All the proofs are implemented in the interactive theorem prover Coq. On the basis of our proposed model, we verify the correctness of a two-level segregated fit (TLSF) algorithm through some extensions, and we also apply this method to verify the correctness of the memory state of the embedded system at runtime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, classes of automata that perform distributed computations with unconventional interaction are described and studied. These automata are called selective machines and they are more powerful than Turing machines while their high computing and recognising power can be achieved exclusively by interaction when a system of recursive algorithms (automata) becomes super-recursive due to their interaction. Computations of selective machines are described by selective algorithms, which are super-recursive allowing computations of functions that are incomputable by Turing machines. Examples of selective algorithms are grammars with prohibition, correction grammars and grammars with exclusion. The study of selective machines and selective algorithms is based on the axiomatic theory of algorithms, in which the results are obtained in the general situation of axiomatically defined classes of automata and algorithms. Then these results are specified for many concrete classes of automata and algorithms, such as finite automata or Turing machines, by checking the necessary axioms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Iterative categorisation (IC) is a systematic and transparent technique for analysing qualitative textual data, first presented in Addiction in 2016. IC breaks the analytical process down into stages, separating basic 'description' from more advanced 'interpretation'. This paper focuses on the interpretive analytical stage that is shown to comprise three core processes: (i) conceptualising (undertaken inductively, deductively or abductively); (ii) differentiating; and (iii) externalising. Each process is described, followed by published examples to support what has been explained. As qualitative analyses tend to be recursive rather than linear, the three processes often need to be repeated to account for all the data. Following the stages of IC will ensure that qualitative research generates improved understanding of the phenomena being studied, study findings contribute to and enhance the existing literature, the audience for any qualitative output is broad and international, and any practical implications or study recommendations are relevant to other contexts and settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Available literature on researching inductive thinking ability is really rich. Our study presents three types of approaches: it is (1) a constructive element of intelligence, (2) the decisive method of human learning, (3) a key competence playing an important role in understanding. The main objectives of our research were to (1) determine the development level of the inductive, and within that the abstract and analogue thinking of the teacher students starting their studies in higher education, (2) find the background variables by means of which significant differences can be found between the various student groups, (3) respond to the question whether any conclusions regarding the performance expected in the inductive test can be drawn based on the time spent on solving the tasks. The students’ analogue reasoning and rule induction are more developed than their diagrammatic thinking. One of the preconditions of a good result achieved in the inductive test is the full utilization of the available time frame. Introducing the ide of specific performance we found that the students having achieved the best results were studying at teacher specialization in full time training, lived in cities and had parents with a degree. The students could be properly grouped according to the time used for problem solution: (1) negligent and superficial, (2) reflective but not persistent enough; (2) persistent and diligent. Knowing the type of training and specialization of the students helps defining/understanding the clusters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A clinical swallow examination (CSE) provides integral information that informs the diagnostic decision‐making process within dysphagia management. However, multiple studies have highlighted a high degree of reported variability within the CSE process. It has been hypothesized that such variability may be the result of the clinical reasoning process rather than poor practices. Aims: To elucidate the nature of expert, speech–language therapists' (SLTs) clinical reasoning during an initial bedside assessment of patients referred for suspected dysphagia in the acute care environment. Methods & Procedures: An exploratory 'observation of practice' qualitative methodology was used to achieve the aim. Four expert SLTs, from two clinical services, completed CSEs with 10 new referrals for suspected dysphagia. All assessments were video‐recorded, and within 30 min of completing the CSE, a video‐stimulated 'think aloud' semi‐structured interview was conducted in which the SLT was prompted to articulate their clinical reasoning at each stage of the CSE. Three types of concept maps were generated based on this video and interview content: a descriptive concept map, a reasoning map and a hypothesis map. Patterns that consistently characterized the assessment process were identified, including the overall structure; types of reasoning (inductive versus deductive), facts (i.e., clinical information) drawn upon; and outcomes of the process (diagnosis and recommendations). Interview content was examined to identify types of expert reasoning strategies using during the CSE. Outcomes & Results: SLTs' approach to clinical assessment followed a consistent structure, with data gathered pre‐bedside, during the patient interview and direct assessment before a management recommendation was made. Within this structure, SLTs engaged in an iterative approach with inductive hypothesis‐generating and deductive hypothesis‐testing, with each decision‐making pathway individually tailored and informed by patient‐specific facts collected during the assessment. Clinical assessment was primarily geared towards management of an initial acute presentation with less focus on formulating a diagnostic statement. Conclusions & Implications: Variability in reported dysphagia practice is likely the result of a patient‐centred assessment process characterized by iterative cycles of fact‐gathering in order to generate and test clinical hypotheses. This has implications for the development of novel assessment tools, as well as professional development and education of novice SLTs. What this paper addsWhat is already known on the subjectCSE practices are reportedly variable, which has led to calls for more stringent, standardized assessment tools. Emerging evidence suggests that this variation is non‐random, but may arise from clinical reasoning processes.What this paper adds to existing knowledgeWe directly observed expert SLTs conducting CSEs and identified patterns in practice that were consistent across all CSEs evaluated. These patterns were consistent in structure, whereas the content of the assessment items varied and was tailored to individual patient presentation. Overall, expert SLTs engaged in balanced cycles of inductive hypothesis generation and deductive hypothesis‐testing, a hallmark of good clinical assessment and practice.What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?Ensuring quality CSE requires a more nuanced approach that considers the role of clinical reasoning in SLTs' decision‐making and the potential unintended negative consequences of standardized assessment tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Available literature on researching inductive thinking ability is really rich. Our study presents three types of approaches: it is (1) a constructive element of intelligence, (2) the decisive method of human learning, (3) a key competence playing an important role in understanding. The main objectives of our research were to (1) determine the development level of the inductive, and within that the abstract and analogue thinking of the teacher students starting their studies in higher education, (2) find the background variables by means of which significant differences can be found between the various student groups, (3) respond to the question whether any conclusions regarding the performance expected in the inductive test can be drawn based on the time spent on solving the tasks. The students' analogue reasoning and rule induction are more developed than their diagrammatic thinking. One of the preconditions of a good result achieved in the inductive test is the full utilization of the available time frame. Introducing the ide of specific performance we found that the students having achieved the best results were studying at teacher specialization in full time training, lived in cities and had parents with a degree. The students could be properly grouped according to the time used for problem solution: (1) negligent and superficial, (2) reflective but not persistent enough; (2) persistent and diligent. Knowing the type of training and specialization of the students helps defining/understanding the clusters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article develops a typology of usages for empirical data in normative theorizing in contemporary political theory. A typology of usages is indicated, providing definitions, 'names' and an analysis for each usage, and points to the typical stage within political theory research for each usage. The typology is built in a casuistic methodology. It includes the following categories: (i) Spotlighting, (ii) Definition, (iii) Conversion, (iv) Institutional clarity, (v) Theoretical clarity, and (vi) Theory improvement. The typology creates a novel toolbox that can be adopted by political theorists; and it clarifies the methods and achievements of data-sensitive political theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of an experimental study of inductive RF ion thruster prototype parameters, which have demonstrated a strong dependence of the prototype characteristics on the length of the gas-discharge chamber and the operational frequency of the RF generator. The best result was obtained when the prototype was operated at a frequency of 4 MHz with a gas-discharge chamber 5 cm long. The experiments demonstrated that there is a significant resource for improving thruster parameters associated with an increase in the fraction of the RF power absorbed by the plasma. The latter can be achieved by superimposing an external magnetic field on the discharge. In parallel with the results of the experiments, this paper presents numerical calculations based on the model taking into account the presence of a parasitic capacitive channel of the RF power input into the discharge, as well as power losses in the external circuit. Calculations have shown that the experimentally observed effects are associated with the effect of the capacitive RF power input channel, as well as the frequency dependence of the plasma's ability to absorb the RF power. • Ion current strongly depends on gas discharge chamber length and operating frequency. • Parasitic capacitive channel is one factor responsible for frequency dependencies. • Another factor is plasma's ability to absorb radio-frequency power. • Efficiency requires maximization of power fraction absorbed by plasma. • This fraction can be increased by imposing external magnetic field on the discharge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Research on data-driven learning (DDL) has generally suggested that DDL can facilitate second/foreign language learning due to its inductive nature and authentic language samples that provide learners with opportunity of deep and discovery learning. One major obstacle that prevents learners from such benefits lies in the cognitive load that such learning might induce. Limitations of DDL such as this have resulted in a call for more studies that examine the differential effect of inductive and more traditionally, deductive approach in DDL-based ESL/EFL instruction. The present study compared the effect of the deductive and inductive approaches in a DDL context on vocabulary acquisition and retention. A total of 27 EFL learners were randomly divided into deductive and inductive groups making use of the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) to learn eight target words. A modified version of the Vocabulary Knowledge Scale (VKS; Paribakht & Wesche, 1997) was used to assess the students' learning of word form, meaning, and use before, immediately after, and 2 weeks after the treatment instruction. Furthermore, the two groups' performances on the pre-test and immediate post-test were analyzed to scrutinize their change in vocabulary knowledge. The results showed that both approaches were equally effective in terms of facilitating the learners' vocabulary acquisition and retention. Furthermore, the inductive and deductive groups showed similar patterns of the acquisition of target words: their knowledge of words generally moved to a higher level, and seldom stayed at the same level or moved to a lower level. The result that deductive DDL was just as effective as the inductive approach but less time-consuming might suggest that the deductive approach could complement DDL more efficiently when the DDL's inductive nature prevents learners from fully benefiting from its potential advantages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • A new architecture of inductive sensor for active magnetic bearings is presented. • The sensor is low cost, small and allows for sensor/actuator collocation, which is of pivotal importance in terms of stability. • The performances of the sensor are evaluated experimentally on a dedicated test rig along with the influence of the actuation PWM and of the duty-cycle variation. Abstract This paper presents a resonant inductive sensor for radial displacement in Active Magnetic Bearing (AMB) systems. The device consists of a wire coil wound around a tooth of a conventional eight-pole radial actuator of the bearing. The proposed device is different from standard inductive sensor schemes since the sensing coil is excited by the electromagnetic field generated by the actuation coil and not by an external oscillator. The electromagnetic flux linked by the sensing coil is a function of the distance between the sensor and the levitated object whose position has to be measured. The output measurement voltage is amplified by means of an electric resonator circuit obtained by installing a capacitor on the terminals of the sensing coil. A qualitative model is developed and compared to an experimental apparatus. This model captures well the sensing phenomenon and can be used for designing such a sensor. The proposed device demonstrates good properties of resolution and sensitivity with a small and low-cost layout. Additionally, such sensor allows obtaining an inherent sensor/actuator collocation along the longitudinal direction of rotors, which is an advantage in AMB systems for rotating machinery since it allows simplifying the layout and avoiding instability problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In situ real-time imaging and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements were performed on pure aluminium, aluminium-copper and copper electrodes, with the aim to elucidate the relationship between the shape of EIS spectra and the local processes occurring on the surface of corroding aluminium, with particular attention to the appearance of inductive behaviour. When a stable oxide was present on the aluminium surface, the impedance modulus increased with decreasing frequencies, indicating the absence of inductive behaviour. Conversely, the presence of depassivating condition coupled with the availability of some anodic current, generated localized corrosion and associated hydrogen evolution at the corrosion front (also known as superfluous hydrogen evolution). In these conditions, a clear inductive behaviour was observed, regardless on the source of the anodic current at the corrosion front, i.e. galvanic coupling or external anodic polarization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current trunk road coordinated control method may cause failure in extreme control under highly saturated traffic and cannot adapt to the random change of traffic flow at intersections. In order to solve this problem, it is proposed to study the inductive trunk road coordinated control technology of variable traffic flow. In this paper, the phase time of a current green light was decided through the fuzzy coordinated control algorithm based on phase sequence optimization and by imitating the judgment decision process of a traffic police in taking command, to judge whether the green light duration under the current vehicle density should be extended, so as to study the inductive trunk road coordinated control technology of variable traffic flow. Control failure for traffic saturation can be avoided effectively by taking vehicle density as the basis for inductive control. The experimental results show that the proposed trunk road traffic control technology can effectively control high-density traffic in a coordination way and provides a strong basis for urban transit dispatching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to provide a critique of the main concepts of qualitative and quantitative methodologies for conducting research. It is written expressly for the novice researcher in an attempt to clarify the major misconceptions and misunderstandings concerning the qualitative-quantitative research polarities. This article will not address the varieties of research methods that are available to a researcher but rather it will focus on the strengths and limitations of qualitative and quantitative methodologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Optogenetic neuromodulation is a powerful technique used to study cells that form part of neuronal circuits. Light stimulation of neurons has led to a deeper understanding of autism, schizophrenia and depression. However, researchers are often limited to tethered systems involving percutaneous plugs, hence, wireless power transmission to an implantable device is desirable. This work details the design, fabrication and testing of multichannel wirelessly powered optogenetic devices. By employing several carefully tuned resonant tank circuits, this work demonstrates the ability to address a scalable number of light sources on a single device. Single channel, dual channel and 16 channel devices were fabricated, achieving light output readings of up to 15mW at 473nm, suitable for activating channelrhodopsin. Wireless power transmission was characterized in air and porcine tissue for implant depths up to 30mm, making device implantation feasible. The device was successful in activating endogenous (in retinal ganglion cells) and exogenously transfected channelrhodopsin in human embryonic kidney cells, providing biological validation. The significance of this approach is the removal of power-hungry and area-consuming electronics from the implant, while the ability to address and modulate individual light sources is maintained by shifting this complexity to the external wireless power transmitter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aims This narrative review aims to highlight key insights from qualitative research on drug use and drug users by profiling a selection of classic works. Methods Consensus methods were used to identify and select four papers published in 1938, 1969, 1973 and 1984 considered to be classics. Results These landmark qualitative studies included the first account of addiction as a social process, demonstrating that people have meaningful responses to drug use that cannot be reduced to their pharmacological effects; the portrayal of inner-city heroin users as exacting, energetic and engaged social agents; identification of the interactive social learning processes involved in becoming a drug user; the application of the 'career' concept to understanding transitions and trajectories of drug use over time; and the articulation of a framework for understanding drug use that incorporates the interaction between pharmacology, psychology and social environments. Conclusions These classic sociological and anthropological studies deployed qualitative research methods to show how drug use is shaped by complex sets of factors situated within social contexts, viewing drug users as agents engaged actively in social processes and worlds. Their findings have been used to challenge stereotypes about drug use and drug users, develop a deeper understanding of drug use among hidden, hard-to-research and under-studied populations, and provide the foundations for significant developments in scientific knowledge about the nature of drug use. They continue to retain their relevance, providing important correctives to biomedical and behaviourist paradigms, reminding us that drug use is a social process, and demonstrating how the inductive approach of qualitative research can strengthen the way we understand and respond to drug use and related harms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A model-based correction of systematic errors to improve the measurement of gap dimensions in a recently presented method is described. Using one inductive coil on each side of the gap to measure distance and liftoff, the method detects zero width gaps and shows position error less than 0.1 mm. The correction model relies on observations of experimental data, and is calibrated to a small set of measurements. From the initial measurement of gap dimensions, the model estimates errors in each coil to calculate new values for gap width, alignment and height. The errors in the compensated results are within 0.1 mm except for gap width, which still suffers from the effect of combined gap width and misalignment. The method is intended for gap measurement in laser keyhole welding, where the laser beam and the resulting weld seam are very narrow, requiring high precision in alignment and gap preparation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Piezoelectric transducers are conventionally driven at their resonance frequency, where they show resistive characteristics. However, the resonance frequency does not take advantage of the loss reduction mechanism, which occurs between the resonance and anti-resonance frequency. The resonance drive leads to more heat generation and lower efficiency. In this paper, an innovative driving scheme of a Langevin piezoelectric transducer under its inductive frequency range is proposed, which takes advantage of the maximum efficiency frequency between the resonance and anti-resonance. In this approach, first, a constant vibration velocity measurement system is used to find the optimum driving frequency, which is defined as the point where the real input electric power is the lowest for a given output mechanical vibration level. The transducer has an inductive behavior at the optimum frequency. Next in this approach an equivalent circuit of the transducer based on Butterworth-Van Dyke (BVD) model is established, whose parameters are used to design Class E inverter driving circuits. Using MATLAB, two Class E inverters are precisely designed to drive the transducer at the resonance frequency (resistive) and transducer at the optimum frequency (inductive), impedance converter is added when driving at the optimum frequency. The required power for the optimum frequency driving method is reduced by 39% compared with the resonance frequency driving method, and smaller increase in temperature is also revealed according to the experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To put into practice the conventional determination of resistivity by the galvanic method, requires a relatively large amount of labor and is, therefore, expensive. At the basis of any interpretation are the lateral or vertical variations of re sistivity. The high cost of resistivity maps execution generally means that fewer measurements are made than desirable, with the result that, either (i) the explored area is not large enough to establish a reasonable background, against which the anomaly areas are to be delineated, or (ii) the anomaly areas are obscure and lack definition. The application of electromagnetic techniques (EM) for measuring soil resistivity or conductivity has been known for a long time. Conductivity is preferable in inductive techniques, as instrumentation readings are generally directly proportional to conductivity and inversely proportional to resistivity. The operating principle of this method is: a Tx coil transmitter, supplied with alternating current at an audio frequency, is placed on the ground. An Rx coil receiver is located at a short distance, s, away from the Tx coil. The magnetic field varies in time and the Tx coil induces very small currents in the ground. These currents generate a secondary magnetic field, Hs, which is sensed by the Rx receiver coil, together with primary magnetic field Hp. The ratio of the secondary field, Hs, to the primary magnetic field, Hp, (Hs/Hp) is directly proportional to terrain conductivity. Measuring this ratio, it is possible to construct a device which measures the terrain conductivity by contactless, direct-reading electromagnetic technique. (linear meter.) This latest technique for measuring conductivity by electromagnetic induction, using Very Low Frequency (VLF), is a non-invasive, non-destructive sampling method. The measurements can be done quickly and are not expensive. The Electromagnetic induction technology was originally developed for the mining industry, and has been used in mineral, oil, and gas exploration, hydrogeology studies, and archaeology. In these applications, differences in conductivity of subsurface layers of rock or soil may indicate stratified layers or voids that could be of interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies of groundwater consist in data acquisition, their processing and interpretation. In areas of interest hydrogeological is assumed that there is a network of wells drilled. This network provides a first in the hydrogeological information. Electromagnetic (EM) mapping through the use of such areas, using data obtained from existing network of wells drilled, calibration and confirmation. Measurements using the EM can highlight the existence of several layers with different characteristics: clay, limestone, sand, etc. Studies of groundwater interpretation are used for developing a regional hydrogeologic model. The application of electromagnetic techniques for measuring soil resistivity or conductivity has been known for a long time. Conductivity is preferable in inductive techniques, as instrumentation readings are generally directly proportional to conductivity and inversely proportional to resistivity. The operating principle of this method is: a Tx coil transmitter, supplied with alternating current at an audio frequency, is placed on the ground. An Rx coil receiver is located at a short distance, s, away from the Tx coil. The magnetic field varies in time and the Tx coil induces very small currents in the ground. These currents generate a secondary magnetic field, Hs, which is sensed by the Rx receiver coil, together, with primary magnetic field Hp. The ratio of the secondary field, Hs, to the primary magnetic field, Hp, (Hs/Hp) is directly proportional to terrain conductivity. Measuring this ratio, it is possible to construct a device which measures the terrain conductivity by contactless, direct-reading electromagnetic technique (linear meter). This technique for measuring conductivity by electromagnetic induction, using Very Low Frequency (VLF), is a non-intrusive, non-destructive sampling method. The measurements can be done quickly and are not expensive. The Electromagnetic induction technology was originally developed for the mining industry, and has been used in mineral, oil, and gas exploration, and archaeology. In these applications, differences in conductivity of subsurface layers of rock or soil may indicate stratified layers or voids that could be of interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Laser welding needs precise measurement of weld gap position to avoid weld defects. Most often, optical measurement methods are used, but well-aligned narrow gaps can be difficult to detect. An improved inductive method capable of detecting zero gaps in square butt joints is proposed. The new method uses two eddy current coils, one on each side of the gap, and measures the complex response of the individual coils, i.e. both the inductive and resistive response. By combining the coil responses, both the position and the geometry of the weld gap can be estimated. The method was experimentally investigated by traversing a single coil over an adjustable gap between two plates and combining the measured coil responses into a simulated two-coil probe. The gap was adjusted in both misalignment and gap width up to 0.4 mm. Comparing the results to known settings and positions shows that gap position is measured to within 0.1 mm, if the probe is within a working area of 1 mm from the gap in both position and height. Results from the new method were compared to simulations, from the same experimental data, of a previously reported method where the coils were electrically combined by wiring them together. The previous method can give accurate results but has a much smaller working area and depends on servo actuation to position the probe above the gap. The improved method gives better tolerance to varying misalignment and gap width, which is an advantage over previous inductive methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the relationship between one type of data-driven learning (DDL) and inductive–deductive learning styles. Participants were 145 Japanese university learners of English as a foreign language, all of whom showed significant improvements in a grammar test after teacher-led guided DDL induction. Data were collected using a questionnaire on inductive–deductive learning styles and DDL task values. Weak correlations were found between the inductive–deductive continuum of learning styles and the DDL task value, but no differences in magnitude were found from an examination of the confidence interval for the two correlations. These findings indicate that depending on the type, guided DDL-type induction may be beneficial for both deductive and inductive learners irrespective of their learning styles. The paper concludes with suggestions that future DDL studies should carefully define the construct of DDL and explore its relationship with learner characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary Classification of flow regimes in water management and hydroecological research has grown significantly in recent years. However, depending on available data and the procedures applied, there may be several credible classifications for a specific catchment. In this study, three inductive classifications derived from different initial flow data and one expert-driven classification were defined. The hydrological interpretation, statistical performance and spatial correspondence of these classifications were compared. Daily Gauged Classification (DC) was derived from daily flow data while Monthly Gauged Classification (MC) and Monthly Modeled Classification (MMC) were derived from monthly flow series, using gauged and modeled flow data, respectively. Expert-Driven Classification (EDC) was based on a Spanish nationwide hydrological classification, which is being used in the current River Basin Management Plans. The results showed that MC accounted for much of the critical hydrological information variability comprised within the DC. However, it also presented limitations regarding the inability to represent important hydroecological attributes, especially those related to droughts and high flow events. In addition, DC and MC presented an equivalent performance more than 60% of the time and obtained a mean ARI value of 0.4, indicating a similar classification structure. DC and MC outperformed MMC 100% and more than 50% of the times when they were compared by means of the classification strength and ANOVA, respectively. MMC also showed low correspondence with these classifications (ARI = 0.20). Thus, the use of modeled flow series should be limited to poorly gauged areas. Finally, the significantly reduced performance and the uneven distribution of classes found in EDC questions its application for different management objectives. This study shows that the selection of the most suitable approach according to the available data has significant implications for the classification uses. Therefore, caution is recommended, especially if classifications are to be use in a normative manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the end of the paper production process, reducing its moisture content is achieved by passing the finished product in continuous flow through an electric oven. This paper assumes humidity control, which in turn determine the electrical conductivity of the paper. The operating principle of non-contact method is: a transmitting coil Tx supplied with alternating current at an audio frequency is placed on the paper comes out of the oven. A reception coil Rx is located at a short distance, s, away from the Tx coil. The magnetic field varies in time and emission Tx coil induces circular currents of very low intensity in wet paper. These currents generate a secondary magnetic field Hs , which is sensed by the receiver Rx coil together with the magnetic field Hp. The ratio of the secondary magnetic field Hs and Hp primary magnetic field (Hs \ Hp) is directly proportional to the conductivity of the paper. Thus it is possible to build a device to measure the conductivity of paper contactless electromagnetic technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analysing qualitative data using a single and/or multiple data gathering strategies, is a painstaking exercise, and can often be a challenging for beginning researchers. The qualitative data can be analysed using many techniques to unveil the reality. An iterative process is one of the techniques employed by researchers in analysing qualitative data. This paper presents a case of how qualitative data, which have been gathered using multiple data gathering strategies (interview, observation and document analysis), were analysed iteratively using five major techniques. This paper illustrates how researchers may grow their own understanding when employing an iterative process to generate meanings from qualitative data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Intensive care of children means not only caring for a child; it means care for the whole family. Aim: The aim of the study was to describe parents' experiences of having a critically ill child in an intensive care unit (ICU). Participants: A purposive sample of seven parents who had their child treated in an ICU during 2012 in Sweden. Design: The design uses an inductive, qualitative approach with data collected by means of qualitative interviews. Methods: The interviews were transcribed verbatim and subjected to qualitative content analysis. Results: The analysis resulted in one theme: the desire of parents to be involved and present, with four categories such as wanting to understand and know what is happening, feeling frustration about their child's care and treatment, a health care environment that arouses emotions, and needs for support and processing. Conclusion: It is of great importance to parents to be informed continuously about their child's condition and the care and treatment that are planned. This may increase parents' sense of ownership, control and security. Relevance to clinical practice: Providing answers to those questions that can be answered and being available to parents when they have questions about their critically ill child, the meaning of it all, and what the future will hold are suggested in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Our purpose was to inductively examine how employees' perceptions of stressor and resource work characteristics relate to nine distinct facets of job satisfaction, in accordance with the demand-control (-support) [JDC(S)] theory. Job satisfaction is a multidimensional construct composed of various facets that differ greatly from one other. However, most stress studies have examined job satisfaction at the global level. This may be problematic for managers looking to redesign the workplace to increase employee job satisfaction based on established recommendations from previous research. Design/Methodology/Approach: Data were obtained from employees of a public sector human services organization that provides services to protect children from neglect and other forms of abuse ( n = 343). A series of t tests for dependent correlations determined facet-level differences in satisfaction with demand and resource work characteristics. Findings: We found different patterns of correlations across facets for all seven demand, control, and support workplace characteristics. Implications: Those re-balancing types of demands, control, and support for workplace redesign should not presume consistent effects on all aspects of satisfaction with work. By doing so, expected positive outcomes may fail to materialize, perhaps to the detriment of workplace redesign as a whole in the minds of management. A more detailed approach to workplace redesign is recommended. Originality/Value: This is the first study which adopts the JDC(S) framework to examine job satisfaction at the facet level. Our findings shed new light on how workplace characteristics relate to different aspects of satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Both individuals and organizations benefit when workers can effectively cope with stressors in the work and family domains. This study takes an inductive approach to the development of a work stressor coping scale and a family stressor coping scale. Design/Methodology/Approach: In phase one, a comprehensive list of coping strategies was generated through a multi-step content analysis of qualitative interviews. In phase two, the content validity of the work stressor and family stressor coping strategy scales was established using data from three samples; and in phase three, convergent, discriminant, and criterion-related validity evidence were obtained using data from two samples. Findings: A multi-step content analysis of qualitative interview data was used to develop a list of 365 coping strategy statements (182 work and 183 family) representing 11 work and 14 family stressor coping strategies. Multiple samples were used to reduce the number of scale items, and establish evidence for the scales' content, construct, and criterion-related validity. The final work stressor coping scale consisted of 36 items assessing 12 different strategies, and the final family stressor coping scale consisted of 45 items assessing 15 different strategies. Implications: Findings from the present study suggest that individuals may use a wider variety of strategies to cope with work stressors and family stressors than previously thought, and these strategies may be differentially effective depending on the stressor domain (i.e., work or family) and outcome (e.g., work-to-family conflict vs. family-to-work conflict). Originality/Value: The inductive nature of our study resulted in a comprehensive and domain-specific scales assessing how individuals cope with work stressors and family stressors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the process by which newly recruited nuclear engineering and technical staff came to understand, define, think, feel and behave within a distinct group that has a direct contribution to the organization's overall emphasis on a culture of reliability and system safety. In the field of organizational behavior the interactive model of social identity formation has been recently proposed to explain the process by which the internalization of shared norms and values occurs, an element critical in identity formation. Using this rich model of organizational behavior we analyzed multiple sources of data from nine new hires over a period of three years. This was done from the time they were employed to investigate the construction of social identity by new entrants entering into a complex organizational setting reflected in the context of a nuclear facility. Informed by our data analyses, we found support for the interactive model of social identity development and report the unexpected finding that a newly appointed member's age and level of experience appears to influence the manner in which they adapt, and assimilate into their surroundings. This study represents an important contribution to the safety and reliability literature as it provides a rich insight into the way newly recruited employees enact the process by which their identities are formed and hence act, particularly under conditions of duress or significant organizational disruption in complex organizational settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most existing image classification algorithms mainly focus on dealing with images with only 'object' concepts. However, in real-world cases, a great variety of images contain 'verb-object' concepts, rather than only 'object' ones. The hierarchical structure embedded in these 'verb-object' concepts can help to enhance classification. However, traditional feature representation methods cannot utilize it. To tackle this problem, we present in this paper a novel approach, called inductive hierarchical nonnegative graph embedding. By assuming that those 'verb-object' concept images which share the same 'object' part but different 'verb' part have a specific hierarchical structure, we integrate this hierarchical structure into the nonnegative graph embedding technique, together with the definition of inductive matrix, to (1) conduct effective feature extraction from hierarchical structure, (2) easily transfer each new testing sample into its low-dimensional nonnegative representation, and (3) perform image classification of 'verb-object' concept images. Extensive experiments compared with the state-of-the-art algorithms on nonnegative data factorization demonstrate the classification power of proposed approach on 'verb-object' concept images classification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work aims to analyze the mutual influence of channels in a combined discharge based on the RF inductive and DC discharges and to find the conditions under which the gain in the plasma density can be obtained. A cylindrical plasma reactor with a diameter of 20 cm and a length of 20 cm has been used as an object of research. The measurements have been carried out in argon at pressures of 0.08 and 8 Pa, as well as in air at pressures of 8 and 18.7 Pa. The performed experiments have shown that the gain in plasma density in the combined discharge is possible under conditions when the plasma density in DC discharge overcomes that in the inductive one. As a rule, such situation occurs when inductive discharge is in a E-mode. Due to the higher value of the plasma density, provided by the DC channel, the RF power input through the inductive discharge increases. A synergistic effect appears, and the resulting plasma density exceeds the sum of the densities, specific to the inductive and DC discharges separately. • The gain in plasma density in the combined RF and DC discharge can be obtained. • A synergistic effect appears when the resulting plasma density exceeds the sum of the densities, characteristic of the inductive and DC discharges separately. • The DC channel can be locked in the combined discharge. • The properties of the combined discharge are close to that in the inductive one near antenna and to DC discharge near the cathode if the electron mean free path is smaller than the distance between antenna and electrodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]