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Decapterus maruadsi is one of the representative offshore fish in the Western Pacific. Since the last century, it has become a commercially valuable marine fishery species in the Western Pacific region. Despite its high economic value, there is still a lack of high-quality reference genome of D. maruadsi in germplasm resource evaluation research. Here we report a chromosome-level reference genome of D. maruadsi based on Nanopore sequencing and Hi-C technologies. The whole genome was assembled through 169 contigs with a total length of 723.69 Mb and a contig N50 length of 24.67 Mb. By chromosome scaffolding, 23 chromosomes with a total length of 713.58 Mb were constructed. In addition, a total of 199.49 Mb repetitive elements, 33,515 protein-coding genes, and 6,431 ncRNAs were annotated in the reference genome. This reference genome of D. maruadsi will provide a solid theoretical basis not only for the subsequent development of genomic resources of D. maruadsi but also for the formulation of policies related to the protection of D. maruadsi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and Objective: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been proven to exhibit a therapeutic effect in deep vein thrombosis, but are susceptible to microenvironment. Besides, Matrine has promotive effects on EPCs, but its effects on microRNA (miR)-126 remain obscure, which are therefore discussed in the study. Methods: The cultured EPCs were extracted from Sprague-Dawley rats and identified by immunofluorescence assay. After being treated with Matrine or transfected with miR-126b inhibitor and small interfering RNA targeting forkhead box (FOXO) 4, the viability and apoptosis of EPCs were determined by cell counting kit-8 assay and flow cytometry. The migration, invasion, and tube formation abilities were detected by scratch, Transwell, and tube formation assays. The target genes of miR-126b were predicted by TargetScan, and verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. The expressions of miR-126b, FOXO4, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2, MMP9, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) A were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Results: The EPCs were successfully extracted and cultured, as evidenced by positive reaction cluster of differentiation (CD) 34 and CD133. Matrine promoted the viability, migration, invasion, and tube formation while inhibiting the apoptosis of EPCs, and upregulated the expression of miR-126b. Besides, miR-126b inhibitor reversed the effects of Matrine on EPCs and downregulated the expression levels of MMP2, MMP9, and VEGFA. MiR-126b targeted the FOXO4, and siFOXO4 reversed the abovementioned effects of miR-126b inhibitor on EPCs. Conclusion: Matrine protects EPCs from apoptosis and promotes their migration, invasion, and tube formation abilities via regulating miR-126b/FOXO4 axis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The present study aims to determine hydrogen sulfide (H2S) concentrations of the aqueous humor from patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) to compare its levels in the anterior segments, also to investigate its effect on the retinal microvascular endothelial cells under high glucose condition. Methods: AH samples were collected from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (n = 11), non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (n = 12) and diabetic patients without DR as controls (n = 12). There were 5 patients with PDR received intraocular anti-VEGF injection (Lucentis). Cultured RF/6A cells were grouped into control group, mannitol group, high glucose group and NaHS co-administrated high glucose group. Concentrations of H2S were detected by chemical assay. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. Results: A significantly higher H2S level was observed in AH samples of PDR patients among other groups. The H2S level of DR group was higher than that of control group. Decreased H2S levels in the AH of post-injected PDR patients were observed compared with their AH samples before the anti-VEGF injection. In cell culture, low concentration of NaHS can reverse high-glucose-induced apoptosis of RF/6A cells. Conclusion: Our study revealed increased H2S levels in the anterior segments of different DR patients. The anti-VEGF injection reduced the H2S level in AH from PDR patients. The study suggested that H2S may serve as a biomarker in the progression of PDR. On the other hand, the H2S donor exerted a protective effect on retinal vascular endothelial cells against high-glucose-induced apoptosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Device-level power electronic circuit simulation is so cumbersome that engineers are forced to make model simplification or reduce circuit size to obtain a reasonable execution time for repeated simulation runs. This paper proposes a massive-thread parallel simulation of large-scale power electronic circuits employing device-level modeling on the graphics processors (GPUs) to obtain higher data throughput and lower execution times. Parallel massive-thread modules are proposed for the nonlinear physics-based insulated gate bipolar transistor and power diode components. The nonlinear solution algorithm comprised of Newton–Raphson iterations and partial LU decomposition is fully parallelized on the GPU. Furthermore, the commonly used behavioral model with reduced computational complexity is also employed to represent the switches. The developed simulation codes are used to run large-scale test cases of the modular multilevel converter (MMC) system. The accuracy and efficiency of the GPU-based parallel simulation are compared with sequential CPU-based codes and the SaberRD program to show the advantages of the parallelized simulation; execution time speedups of 15 times and 70 times are reported for the MMC system using the nonlinear physics-based modeling and behavior-based modeling, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation of a large-scale power system consumes so much computational power that parallel programming techniques are urgently needed in this area. For example, realistic-sized power systems include thousands of buses, generators, and transmission lines. Massive-thread computing is one of the key developments that can increase the EMT computational capabilities substantially when the processing unit has enough hardware cores. Compared to the traditional CPU, the graphic-processing unit (GPU) has many more cores with distributed memory which can offer higher data throughput. This paper proposes a massive-thread EMT program (MT-EMTP) and develops massive-thread parallel modules for linear passive elements, the universal line model, and the universal machine model for offline EMT simulation. An efficient node-mapping structure is proposed to transform the original power system admittance matrix into a block-node diagonal sparse format to exploit the massive-thread parallel GPU architecture. The developed MT-EMTP program has been tested on large-scale power systems of up to 2458 three-phase buses with detailed component modeling. The simulation results and execution times are compared with mainstream commercial software, EMTP-RV, to show the improvement in performance with equivalent accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes large-scale transient stability simulation based on the massively parallel architecture of multiple graphics processing units (GPUs). A robust and efficient instantaneous relaxation (IR)-based parallel processing technique which features implicit integration, full Newton iteration, and sparse LU-based linear solver is used to run the multiple GPUs simultaneously. This implementation highlights the combination of coarse-grained algorithm-level parallelism with fine-grained data-parallelism of the GPUs to accelerate large-scale transient stability simulation. Multithreaded parallel programming makes the entire implementation highly transparent, scalable, and efficient. Several large test systems are used for the simulation with a maximum size of 9,984 buses and 2,560 synchronous generators all modeled in detail resulting in matrices that are larger than 20\,000\times 20\,000. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]