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Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune liver disease. During the diagnostic process, the patient’s autoimmune antibodies are routinely examined. Approximately 20% of PBC patients have positive anti-centromere antibody (ACA). We evaluated the clinical characteristics of ACA-positive and ACA-negative PBC patients to explain the differences in disease progression between these two groups. Retrospective data from 961 PBC patients at Beijing Youan Hospital from 2010 to 2019 were gathered and separated into two groups based on ACA positivity. We collected and evaluated clinical laboratory indices, gastroscopy findings, and liver function assessments. In addition, 60 liver biopsies were available for comparison between the 2 groups. Pathologists staged the histological findings using the Ludwig staging criteria and Nakanuma staging and grading. Immunohistochemical staining was also performed on liver biopsies to examine the expression of cytokeratin 7 (CK7) in the tissue. A synthesis of clinical indicators in the large cohort showed that alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, IgG, white blood cell, and platelet were significantly lower in the ACA-positive group, indicating that the overall status of liver injury was more moderate in the ACA-positive group. Additionally, ACA-positive patients in the non-cirrhotic group were more likely to present with gastroesophageal varices related to portal hypertension. Finally, analysis of pathologic findings showed that parameters were mostly comparable in the two groups, but CK7 differed and was more significantly lower in the ACA-positive group in albumin–bilirubin grade 2 and 3 patients. In summary, we characterized and compared the clinical features of ACA-positive and ACA-negative PBC patients, corroborating previous studies on the relationship between ACA positivity and portal hypertension cross-sectionally. It suggested that gastroesophageal varices might happen in the earlier course of PBC natural progression in the ACA-positive group.

Objective The line impedance of urban rail transit catenary is significantly affected by many factors such as wire material, line length, surrounding environment, etc., resulting in significant impedance differences between different lines and different time periods. However, in the setting calculation process, assessments often rely on empirical formulas, leading to inaccurate setting values and affecting the selectivity and sensitivity of the protection device. When the system encounters a short-circuit fault, false operation or refusal to operate may occur, posing a great safety hazard. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a device that can accurately test the short-circuit impedance of the catenary and perform setting calculations. Method A low-voltage short-circuit test method is proposed. The method sets a short-circuit point at the end of the catenary and realizes the measurement of short-circuit impedance by applying low-voltage direct current at the head end of the line. A high-precision dual-channel synchronous sampling technology is used to obtain accurate sampling values of voltage and current, and a new method for solving line impedance by exponential curve fitting is developed based on RL （Reinforcement Learning）simplified bilateral power supply model and combined with Newton iteration method. In addition, by developing a software that integrates parameter configuration and setting calculation, the catenary impedance measurement and setting calculation device is successfully integrated. Result & Conclusion This device is not only capable of parameter configuration and line impedance solving, but also can simulate and analyze the current changes at the short-circuit point. It can realize real-time measurement according to different lines and environmental conditions, significantly improves the accuracy of line impedance measurement, providing solid data support and important reference for setting calculations. The accuracy of line impedance calculation and short-circuit current results is verified through actual examples, thus the feasibility and effectiveness of this method is fully proved.

[Objective] To facilitate the achievement of China’s dual carbon goals and advance energy transitions tailored to local conditions across provinces, it is crucial to clarify the spatial differentiation patterns of energy transitions at the provincial level in China and identify the endogenous driving factors and their varying effects. [Methods] This study investigated 30 Chinese provinces, employing the proportion of clean energy in regional energy consumption as a metric. A multi-level analytical framework rooted in the sociotechnical systems perspective was constructed. The centroid model, ordinary least squares (OLS) method, and geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) method were used to analyze the status and driving factors of China’s energy transition from 2000 to 2020. [Results] (1) Although the provinces exhibited differentiated progress in energy transitions, the regional disparities were gradually narrowing over time. (2) In terms of driving factors of regional energy transition,s resource endowments have been the core and dominant factor, particularly the underpinning role of hydropower resources and the locking-in and assurance role of fossil fuel endowments. However, regional carbon emission reduction pressures and innovation investments have become important driving forces for regional energy transition in the new period. (3) The driving factors and their effects on energy transitions in these provinces were characterized by significant spatial and temporal heterogeneity. Prior to 2012, clean energy production capacity and electricity imports from outside the region dominated almost all provinces. Post-2012, the influence of electricity imports weakened, while technological advancements gained greater influence. Spatially, resource endowments had a more significant impact on northern China, while economic development levels exerted a stronger influence on energy transitions in northwestern China. [Conclusion] As China’s energy transition accelerates, regional disparities are diminishing. This study recommends the construction of an integrated clean energy supply system of wind, light, water, and nuclear energy storage and transmission, supported by coal power; increasing technological investments to promote the efficient use of clean energy; and improving cross-regional energy allocation, thereby driving the transformation of energy structures and sustainable development.

Objective Shield tunneling may cause displacement and deformation of the nearby viaduct foundation and reduce its bearing capacity. Therefore, the deformation effect caused by shield tunnel closely side-passing viaduct foundation is studied based on an actual project. Method Relying on the project of Hefei Metro Line 5 in which the shield tunnel passes the pile foundation of the viaduct on the side, a three-dimensional numerical model is established to analyze the horizontal displacement,the longitudinal displacement and the settlement pattern of the pile foundation caused by shield construction. Result & Conclusion The research results show that the horizontal displacement at the pile bottom presents dynamic changes of leaving, approaching and leaving the tunnel. The horizontal displacement of the pile body is similar to a C shape flexture curve. The displacement increases first and then decreases along with the pile depths, and the extreme value is located at the pile depth of 9~10 m. The longitudinal displacement at the pile bottom （parallel to the tunnel axis） shows a bimodal curve. After the shield passing the pile foundation, the pile body undergoes longitudinal deformation in the opposite direction of the excavation. After the shield passing through the pile foundation for 12m and further, the horizontal displacement of the pile body in longitudinal direction rebounds, indicating that the influence of shield tunneling on the longitudinal deformation of the pile foundation is reversible to a certain extent. The settlement of the pile foundation presents a steep trend. The closer the pile foundation at the same side is to the tunnel, the greater the settlement. Moreover, the excavation of the far side tunnel will cause secondary settlement of the pile top. The maximum settlement occurs at the bottom of the No.4 pile foundation, and the settlement value is 4.94 mm.

BackgroundNon-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） behavior has become a major public health concern and can have significant implications for the physical and mental health of adolescents. Peer victimization is a risk factor for adolesents to have NSSI behavior， so exploring the relationship and underlying mechanism between peer victimization and NSSI functions will provide a promising strategy for the prevention and intervention of NSSI behavior.ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between peer victimization and NSSI functions in adolescents with unipolar and bipolar depression， so as to provide references for the intervention of NSSI behavior in adolescent patients with unipolar and bipolar depression.MethodsUsing multi-stage stratified sampling， 940 adolescents with unipolar and bipolar depression who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） criteria for bipolar depressive episodes or depressive disorders were selected from 14 psychiatric hospitals in China. All participations were assessed using Chinese version of the Functional Assessment of Self-Mutilation （C-FASM）， Multidimensional Peer-Victimization Scale （MPVS）， UCLA Loneliness Scale （UCLA-LS） and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 item （PHQ-9）. Pearson correlation coefficient was to assess the correlation among above scales， and the model fit and path coefficients for mediation were analyzed with model 4 in Process 4.0 for SPSS.ResultsA total of 698 （74.26%） adolescents with unipolar and bipolar depression completed the questionnaire survey. NSSI behavior was detected in 374 patients （53.58%）. Among adolescents with unipolar and bipolar depression and NSSI behavior， MPVS total score was positively correlated with the scores of NSSI emotion regulation function， attention-seeking function and social avoidance function in C-FASM （r=0.104， 0.130， 0.266， P

In order to solve the problem of efficient trajectory control of centimeter-scale robots with small size, a small jellyfish robot (JRT) is designed and developed, which is composed of an air chamber, a center of gravity adjustment device and a jellyfish-inspired thruster with a size of only ⌀6.8 cm × 5.3 cm. Its trajectory can be effectively controlled underwater through the coordination of the center of gravity adjustment device and jellyfish-inspired thruster. Underwater experiments verify the function of JRT swimming and hovering in the vertical direction, horizontal directional swimming, and horizontal ejection. By analyzing the force balance relationship and motion state data of JRT swimming in the vertical and horizontal directions, a trajectory control scheme is proposed. The speed of horizontal directional swimming can reach 1.7 cm/s, and the trajectory deviation is 0—3.4 cm, which shows that the JRT has a good trajectory control ability and is expected to be applied in underwater resource exploration, environmental monitoring, and other fields.

The generation efficiency of data products depends on both the computational efficiency and the startup efficiency of algorithms. In meteorological operations, algorithms are typically data-driven, meaning they are initiated immediately upon data arrival to accelerate the generation time of data products. Therefore, data-driven meteorological services urgently require an efficient task scheduling framework to achieve the goal of starting and running algorithms as soon as data arrive, and to improve the generation efficiency of meteorological data products. CMA Big Data and Cloud Platform, referred to as Tianqing and led by National Meteorological Information Center, began nationwide business operations in December 2021. The data processing line (DPL), as the core function of Tianqing, enables the unified management and centralized scheduling of meteorological algorithms. DPL has established various task scheduling capabilities, including timer-triggered scheduling, sequential scheduling, data-arrival scheduling, and manual scheduling. Among these methods, data-arrival scheduling based on data reporting status enables the algorithm to start immediately after data reporting, greatly improving the startup time of meteorological algorithms and the generation time of meteorological data products.Core functions of data-arrival scheduling include data state awareness components, task scheduling execution components, task scheduling post-processing components, and configuration management. Among these components, the data state perception component realizes real-time analysis of the reporting status of various meteorological data in the sky engine, and sends scheduling messages to the task scheduling execution component when the data reporting rate meets scheduling requirements. The task scheduling execution component combines the necessary resource information for the algorithm and computing nodes optimization, generates task scheduling instructions, and implements algorithm startup execution. The post-processing phase of task scheduling includes gathering and updating algorithm execution status, calculation node status, and sending of alarm information for algorithm execution abnormalities. Configuration management supports configuring data-aware scheduling parameters on the front-end page.Real-time analysis of data status and scheduling enables efficient task scheduling that starts and runs the algorithm as soon as data are reported. The scheduling delay is significantly reduced, compared to the original schedule, from 3784 ms to 11 ms. Data-arrival scheduling, as the core capability of CMA Big Data and Cloud Platform, is deployed and operated in real-time in provinces and regions. Currently, the system supports the efficient scheduling of 19 core business algorithms at the national level, with a total of approximately 6.67×105 daily scheduling tasks and an average scheduling delay of 31 ms. Efficient scheduling is achieved with 14 algorithms supported at the provincial level, encompassing a total of approximately 8×104 daily scheduling times and an average scheduling delay of 156 ms. In addition, data aware scheduling achieves seamless integration of upstream and downstream algorithms in meteorological services, providing a solution to eliminate the problem of disconnection between meteorological services and improve collaboration between meteorological services.

High-velocity air-fuel spray （HVAF） technology was used to prepare two kinds of Al-based amorphous alloy coatings with high porosity （HP） of 1.36% and low porosity （LP） of 0.86%. The effects of porosities on the corrosion behavior of Al-based amorphous alloy coatings were studied. The porosities and microstructures of the coatings were analyzed by scanning electron microscope （SEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD） combined with three-dimensional X-ray tomography （3D XRT）. The corrosion properties of the coatings were studied by electrochemical testing system and contact angle measuring instrument. The passive film components of the two coatings were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）. The results show that the self-corrosion current density （Icorr） and pitting potential （Epit） of the LP coatings are 3.0×10-6 A/cm2 and -0.40 V， respectively. The Icorr and Epit for HP coatings are 6.0×10－6 A/cm2 and -0.47 V， respectively， signifying that the LP coating has better resistance to the localized corrosion； the charge transfer resistance （Rct） of LP coatings is about twice than that of HP coating； the LP coating has a larger contact angle， which proves that LP coating has better hydrophobicity and stronger corrosion resistance； the contents of RE2O3 in the passive film formed on the LP coating are larger， which further indicates that LP coating has better corrosion resistance.

Currently, there is a high latency problem in the transmission of video surveillance data in coal mines, and the main cause of video transmission delay is encoding delay. In order to solve the above problems, a intelligent monitoring video transmission method for coal mines based on media supplemental enhancement information(SEI) without video encoding is proposed. This method caches a copy of the compressed video frame obtained by demultiplexing the video stream, and decodes the compressed video frame to obtain the decoded video frame. The method stores the AI model analysis results in the decoded video frame through SEI, writes the custom SEI into the network extraction layer unit corresponding to the compressed video frame copy of the decoded video frame based on the timestamp correspondence. The method multiplexes the compressed video frame copy to achieve real-time transmission of coal mine intelligent monitoring videos. Experimental testing of this method is conducted on a 24 core CPU. The results show that for videos with a resolution of 1280×720, the overall CPU utilization rate for video processing using this method decreases from 24.7% to 36.3% when using traditional methods to 20.3% to 23.9%. The end-to-end delay decreases from 1946 ms to 345 ms. For videos with a resolution of 1920×1080, the overall CPU utilization rate for video processing using this method decreases from 29.2% to 41.8% using traditional methods to 18.5% to 26.3%. The end-to-end latency decreases from 6204 ms to 479 ms. This method reduces the transmission delay of coal mine intelligent monitoring videos by avoiding the video encoding process, saves CPU or GPU resources required for video encoding, and reduces the hardware cost of the intelligent video monitoring system.

Purposes As a coal based solid waste rich in silicon and aluminum oxides, utilization of coal gangue is crucial for the sustainable development of coal industry. Methods Integrated grinding modification of calcined coal gangue and aluminate coupling agent to prepare rubber reinforcement was proposed. The influences of grinding time and the amount of modifier on the surface modification were investigated. Ultrafine particles were obtained through air flow classification, and the influences of modification or not and particle size on the reinforcing and filling properties of rubber were analyzed. Findings The results show that the best comprehensive modification effect is achieved when the duration of ball milling is 30 min and the amount of aluminate coupling agent is 2%. The characteristic functional groups of aluminate coupling agent appear on the surface of coal gangue. Compared with the rubber filled with commercial silica, the rubber filled with the air-flow graded modified filler possesses higher hardness and crosslinking density, its vulcanization performance is better, the tensile strength, elongation at break and permanent deformation at break are reduced, and the fixed extension stress is increased. The particle size distribution of the filler has an obvious effect on the properties of rubber, with the decreases of the particle size of the filler, the vulcanization property is improved, and the tensile property is also improved. The reinforcement performance of modified superfine coal gangue as filler is close to that of silica, which has the potential to replace silica.

As a new type of bevel gear, the equal-distance spiral bevel gear is suitable for the mass production by metal powder injection molding (MIM) due to the characteristic as the normal equal-distance of spiral tooth surface. According to the coordinate transformation theory, the parametric equations of spherical involute and equal-distance conical spiral curves were derived. The mathematical model of tooth surface was established by the formation principle of tooth surface. The mathematical model of tooth surface was programmed by MATLAB to calculate the coordinates of discrete points on tooth surface, and the accurate modeling of equal-distance spiral bevel gear was completed by reverse engineering of UG. The meshing contact of equal-distance spiral bevel gear was simulated to obtain the transmission performance in ANSYS. Finally, the trial production of equal-distance spiral bevel gear was completed base on the MIM process. In the results, the mathematical model of tooth surface combined with the inverse modeling of discrete points can ensure the accuracy of 3D model, and MIM process can be used to produce the equal-distance spiral bevel gears for mass production.

Hydrogen energy storage has many characteristics such as large energy storage capacity, long storage time, clean and pollution-free, and it realizes the interconnection and complementation of multiple energy networks and collaborative optimization. It is expected to become an important supporting technology to promote the development of distributed energy and improve the efficiency of terminal energy utilization. In order to improve the reliability and renewable energy utilization rate of islanded microgrid, the operation characteristics of typical electric, hydrogen and thermal devices are analyzed, and a multi-objective optimization configuration model of the islanded microgrid is proposed. Then, the target problem is solved based on simulated annealing particle swarm optimization (SAPSO) algorithm to obtain technical and economic indicators under different configuration schemes. Finally, based on the annual natural resource and electric heating load characteristic curve of a certain place in the north, the model built on MATLAB can effectively promote that the load loss rate of the proposed multi-energy complementary configuration scheme decreases by 3.18%, and the utilization rate of renewable energy increases by 8.37% compared with the traditional electric energy storage configuration scheme. Thus, the proposed configuration scheme can effectively promote the consumption of renewable energy and ensure the economy and power supply reliability of the independent micro-grid.

Background: The most effective method for improving the prognosis of lung cancer is the application of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) for pulmonary nodule screening in populations at high risk. Timely diagnosis and treatment of early-stage lung cancer can contribute to higher long-term survival rates. However, it remains difficult to differentiate malignant from benign pulmonary nodules measuring 8–15 mm, and avoid overtreatment on the one hand and delayed diagnosis on the other hand. In this consensus paper, we aimed to clarify the definition of “high-risk indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPNs)” and discuss appropriate evaluation and management to facilitate timely diagnosis of lung cancer to improve lung cancer outcome. Direction for future research was discussed. Methods: A multi-disciplinary panel of doctors and IT experts from Asia, Canada and the U.S. were invited to participate. Published evidence and consensus guidelines were used to develop this consensus was clarified. Their evaluation and management were discussed. Findings: The experts believed that the prevalence of pulmonary nodules was very high, and it that was difficult to diagnose early-stage lung cancer due to the small size of the nodules, often leading to delayed diagnosis or overtreatment. To address this issue and to improve long-term outcome, the panel considered important to revise the classification of high-risk IPNs, (1) as pulmonary nodules that cannot be clearly diagnosed with non-surgical biopsy procedures, but is highly suspicious for early-stage lung cancer. The panel also recommends the most responsible should arrange imaging evaluations and follow-ups, taking new technologies into account. Artificial intelligence (AI) assessment based on the Medical Internet of Things (MIoT) can be combined with expert opinion to form a human–computer multidisciplinary team (MDT) that can fully implement the three core procedures of the MIoT, namely, comprehensive perception, reliable transmission, and intelligent processing. This will help to upgrade the non-standard diagnosis and treatment, the so-called “handicraft workshop model”, to a modern assembly-line model that meets international standards. The MIoT technology, which has the potential to realize “simplification of complex problems, digitalization of simple problems, programming of digital problems, and systematization of programming problems”, can promote the homogeneous evaluation of pulmonary nodules by enhancing both the sensitivity and the specificity of detecting early-stage lung cancer, in order to avoid delayed diagnosis and overtreatment. Conclusion: To optimize the evaluation of early-stage lung cancer, and to avoid delayed diagnosis and overtreatment, it is necessary to propose and promote the concept of “high-risk IPNs”. The application of current technologies, AI, and a human–computer MDT, will facilitate improvement in nodule evaluation, transforming the current diagnosis and treatment model, which is akin to production in handicraft workshops, into a modern assembly-line model that meets international standards, and will ultimately result in better prognosis.

With the trend of global climate change, it is important to study the high temperature heat damage of tea plants and analyze the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics to warn damage early and reduce production losses. An index is established based on daily maximum air temperature and historical heat damage disaster records at 510 meteorological stations over tea regions in Southern Yangtze River and South China from 1961 to 2022, to determine and verify the extent of high temperature heat damage, using methods of disaster inversion and K-means clustering analysis method. The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of high temperature heat damage are analyzed. The total days with moving average of 14-consecutive-day maximum temperature above 34.5 ℃ are statistically analyzed, and for mild, moderate and severe high temperature heat damage, the value is in the range of 1-17 d, 18-38 d and above 38 d, respectively. The accuracy rate of complete compliance with the validation sample is 73.9%, and the accuracy rate of basic compliance is 91.3%. The total number of heat damage on tea plants in Southern Yangtze River and South China shows fluctuating changes from 1961 to 2022. The total number of heat damage on tea plants in tea regions of Southern Yangtze River and South China is the lowest in 1999 and 1997, respectively, while numbers are the highest in 2021 for both tea regions. Compared to tea regions of Southern Yangtze River, there are more high temperature heat damages in South China, especially mild high temperature heat damages. Moreover, the number of high temperature heat damage on tea plants in South China shows a significant increasing trend in the past 62 years, but the trend of changes in the number of high temperature heat damage on tea plants in most tea regions of Southern Yangtze River is not significant.

Aiming at the voltage violation problem caused by distributed photovoltaic connected to the distribution network, a distributed voltage control strategy based on consistency algorithm is proposed considering the economy of voltage regulation of battery energy storage and photovoltaic inverters. Firstly, the voltage regulation mechanism of photovoltaic inverter and energy storage is analyzed, and the voltage sensitivity parameters of distribution network which can be used for distributed iterative calculation are deduced. Secondly, life loss models for energy storage batteries and photovoltaic inverters are established separately. These models are employed to derive unit power cost models. Unit voltage regulation cost models are then constructed by combining the voltage sensitivity parameter. Finally, with the unit voltage regulation cost as the consistency variable, a distributed voltage control strategy based on the consistency algorithm is designed, resulting in power regulation schemes for each node's energy storage and photovoltaic inverter. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy can consider the lifetime loss of each node equipment and the overall voltage regulation economy, and fully reduce the voltage control cost of distribution network on the premise of effectively inhibiting voltage violation.

Due to its multi-energy coordinated operation and absorption of clean energy for power generation, the micro-energy network has the broad application value in the context of 'double carbon' goal and new power system. However, with the increasing scale of wind power and photovoltaic power access, the uncertainty of wind power and photovoltaic power output would inevitably affect the stability of the operation of the micro-energy network. Therefore, the uncertainty and correlation of wind power and photovoltaic power generation output are fully considered in this paper, and a two-layer optimal allocation method of micro-energy network considering market planning is proposed. Firstly, based on Wasserstein distance index, the probability distribution is optimally discretized, and a joint distribution function is established using Frank-Copula function to generate a typical daily output curve. Then, considering the planned economy of electricity market and natural gas market, a two-layer optimal configuration model of micro-energy network is established to realize the close coupling between equipment configuration and system operation. Finally, based on the measured data of a micro-energy network in a certain area, a typical wind and solar output curve is generated for optimization calculation. The results show that the two-layer optimal configuration method can reduce the annual cost of the micro-energy network and increase the inclusiveness of the wind and solar limit information, thus improving the economy and stability of the system operation.

In order to improve the performance of aluminum alloy and optimize the anodizing process， with using sulfuric acid as the electrolyte，the normal temperature hard anodizing method was used to prepare an oxide film on the surface of 6063 aluminum alloy.Subsequently，the film performance and the effect of the alkali etching process on the film performance were studied by scanning electron microscopy， EDS testing， electrochemical testing， salt spray testing， hardness testing， and roughness testing.Results showed that under the conditions of oxidation temperature of 10 °C and oxidation time of 3 000 s， the as-obtained hard anodized film had an uneven and rough porous structure， and its corrosion resistance and physical properties were greatly improved compared to the 6063 aluminum alloy substrate.The self-corrosion potential of the hard anodized film after alkali etching treatment was－0.826 V，and the self-corrosion current was 3.892×10－6 A.No corrosion points appeared in the salt spray test for 360 h， and the corrosion resistance was good.Meanwhile， the film possessed the Vickers hardness reaches of 446 HV，the roughness Ra of 0.380 μm，the thickness of 18.86 μm，and the excellent adhesion performance.Compared with the film obtained without alkali etching， the film after alkali etching had the better corrosion resistance and physical properties such as hardness and surface roughness.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) develops rapidly in recent years in China; meanwhile, it faces new challenges and shoulders new historical missions. Moreover, the inheritance and innovation of TCM is crucial for the promotion of the Healthy China initiative. To continuously promote the high-quality development of TCM, this study analyzes the current status and development problems of TCM development from the aspects of theoretic innovation, clinical advantages and evaluation, TCM resource development and utilization, intelligent manufacturing, and globalization. Furthermore, six countermeasures are proposed. First,efforts should focus on the theoretical research of TCM, and a population-based TCM health program is suggested. Second, the existing management mechanisms and systems should be innovated, and innovation trials conducted in key evaluation systems and methods. Third, the TCM talent team construction should be strengthened to improve the clinical diagnosis and treatment levels and scientific research and development of TCM. Fourth, domestic and international resources can be integrated to stimulate the vitality of the TCM industry and promote the comprehensive development and utilization of TCM resources. Fifth, intelligent manufacturing of TCM should be emphasized, and innovative development of theoretical research, technical systems, and personnel training should be coordinated. Sixth, the globalization of TCM should be promoted to realize the integration of TCM with international traditional and modern medicine.

Objective To study the resistance of Helicobacter pylori(Hp) isolated from Peking University People's Hospital to commonly used antibiotics, in order to provide basis for clinical rational drug use. Methods The drug susceptibility test data of Hp strains isolated from gastric mucosal biopsy specimens of outpatients in the Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital from May 2011 to December 2021 were retrospectively collected. The drug resistance rate and dual/multiple drug resistance of Hp to amoxicillin, metronidazole, clarithromycin, levofloxacin and tetracycline were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 120 Hp strains isolated from 402 gastric mucosa specimens (120 patients) and cultured positive were included, with a culture positive rate of 29.85%. The resistance rates of Hp to metronidazole (75.0%) and clarithromycin (72.5%) were relatively high, while the resistance rates to levofloxacin (45.8%), amoxicillin (12.5%) and tetracycline (4.2%) were relatively low. The drug resistance of Hp to clarithromycin and amoxicillin was not significantly affected by the age of the patients. The drug resistance rate to metronidazole and levofloxacin increased with the age of the patients, and the drug resistance rate to tetracycline decreased with the age of the patients. The resistance rate of female patients to levofloxacin was higher than that of male patients (56.7% vs. 32.1%, P=0.007). Over time, the resistance rate of Hp to clarithromycin increased gradually, the resistance rate to levofloxacin increased first and then decreased, the resistance rate to metronidazole fluctuated and was high overall, and the resistance rate to amoxicillin and tetracycline was not significantly affected by time and was relatively low overall. No Hp strains resistant to all five kinds of antibiotics were found. Dual drug resistance rate was 25.0%, with the simultaneous resistance of metronidazole and clarithromycin being the most common (20.0%); multiple drug resistance rate was 44.2%, with the simultaneous resistance of metronidazole + clarithromycin + levofloxacin being the most common (32.5%). Conclusions The resistance rate of Hp strains isolated from Peking University People's Hospital to metronidazole, clarithromycin and levofloxacin is high, and multiple drug resistance is serious. When carrying out empirical Hp root therapy in clinic, the drug regimen should be reasonably selected, and drug sensitivity test should be conducted when necessary, so as to guide the formulation of treatment regimen.

The current recommendation for postoperative radiotherapy for esophageal cancer in China is mainly based on the data of incomplete two-field dissection of open left thoracotomy. At present, the type of surgery for esophageal cancer gradually transitions from open left thoracotomy to open right thoracotomy and from open esophagectomy to minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE). Patients with early-stage esophageal cancer are selected as candidates for MIE. MIE is less invasive than open esophagectomy, and the right thoracic approach is conducive to more thorough lymph node dissection. However, few data and related studies are available on the patterns of failure after MIE in esophageal cancer, and guiding an adjuvant therapy is difficult. The feasibility of an adjuvant therapy for selective high-risk patients and the optimized treatment after MIE remains to be explored in clinical practice. In this regard, this article aims to review the safety of MIE, long-term survival outcomes, postoperative recurrence patterns, and recurrence rates of patients to discuss the value of postoperative adjuvant therapy and guide clinical treatment.

Objective To explore the exposure of decarbromo diphenyl ether (BDE-209), a new persistent organic pollutant (POP) with the highest level in human body, on the migration of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line MDE-MB-231, and explore the effects of its exposure on the development of TNBC and underlying mechanism in the process. Methods MDA-MB-231 cells were divided into blank control group (high glucose DMEM), solvent control group (2% DMSO in high glucose DMEM) and BDE-209 exposure groups (0.02, 0.2, 2, 20, 200 and 2 000 ng/mL BDE-209 in high glucose DMEM).In 24 h after culture, CCK-8 assay was used to determine the IC50 value of BDE-209.Scratch wound assay and Transwell assay were employed to determine the effect of BDE-209 exposure on migration ability of MDA-MB-231 cells.The protein levels of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3(STAT3) and its phosphorylation level (p-STAT3) were detected with Western blotting and immunocytochemical assay.The effect of BDE-209 exposure on the expression and activation of STAT3 in tumor-bearing mice with transplantation of 4T1 cells. Results BDE-209 exposure significantly promoted the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells, in a dose-dependent manner, when compared with blank control cells (P < 0.01).Western blotting and immunocytochemical assay showed that BDE-209 exposure enhanced the expression of STAT3 and p-STAT3 in MDA-MB-231 cells (P < 0.05).In tumor-bearing mice, the expression levels of STAT3 and p-STAT3 were obviously enhanced in the TNBC tissues after exposure to 200 ng/mL BDE-209.While, treatment of STAT3 inhibitor STAT3-IN-1 could notably suppress the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells induced by BDE-209 exposure (P < 0.001). Conclusion BDE-209 exposure promotes the migration ability of TNBC cells via up-regulation and activation of STAT3, and thus improve the metastasis.

[Objective] The effects of plant fiber sand barriers, cattle and sheep dung barriers, and sand barriers comprised of cattle and sheep dung combined with plant fiber were studied in order to create effective sand barriers for the restoration of desertified grassland in the alpine area at Maqu County, Gansu Province. [Methods] Sand barriers made of plant fiber, cattle and sheep dung, and cattle and sheep dung combined with plant fiber were installed in the alpine area at Maqu County. Plant and soil characteristics in the grassland before and after installing the sand barriers were compared. [Results] ① Sand barriers made of cattle and sheep dung, and made of cattle and sheep dung combined with plant fiber produced good effects with regard to vegetation restoration. The average plant community cover grew from 7.28% to 48.21% and 58.29%, respectively, and the number of species increased from 4 to 11. Plants grew taller, increasing from an average of 6.67 cm to 35.17 cm and 30.70 cm, respectively. Average plant dry weight increased from 4.46 g/m2 to 81.17 g/m2 and 80.70 g/m2, respectively. The plant dieback rate dropped from 9.55% to 7.0% and 6.80%, respectively; ② Cattle and sheep dung sand barriers as well as cattle and sheep dung sand barriers combined with plant fiber greatly boosted soil nutrients at the 5 cm depth. Total nitrogen increased from 0.154 g/kg to 0.370 g/kg and 0.491 g/kg, respectively. Soil alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen rose from 4.78 mg/kg to 13.99 mg/kg and 19.78 mg/kg, respectively. Available phosphorus increased from 1.64 mg/kg to 5.54 mg/kg and 6.20 mg/kg, respectively. Available potassium increased from 21.07 mg/kg to 55.37 mg/kg and 56.90 mg/kg, respectively. [Conclusion] Considering the vegetation restoration effects, costs, and degradation factors, cattle and sheep dung sand barriers are the ideal technique for vegetation restoration of desertified grassland in alpine area of Maqu County.

ObjectiveTo characterize a cluster epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 （COVID-19）on campus in Baotou city and provide evidence for the prevention and control of COVID-19 in universities.MethodsField epidemiological investigation was conducted to determine the confirmed cases and close contacts in the cluster epidemic of COVID-19 in a university of western China in 2022. Descriptive analysis was utilized to illustrate the epidemic timeline and schematic diagram. Real-time quantitative fluorescent PCR（RT-PCR） was used to detect the nucleic acid of SARS-CoV-2 in the collected samples.ResultsA total of eight students were infected in the cluster epidemic on campus， including 2 confirmed cases and 6 asymptomatic cases. Case A1 infected other 7 students in the same dormitory or on the same floor by close contact. After a 10-day quarantine and medical observation， no further case was reported. The overall incidence rate was 1.22% and the incidence rate among close contacts was 2.24%.ConclusionThis cluster epidemic of COVID-19 is characterized by strong and fast transmission. Repeated contact with no personal protection in confined space is highly vulnerable to cluster epidemic. Prevention of cluster epidemics on campus remains crucial to contain the epidemic. Therefore， it is necessary to strengthen the management of campus containment， interrupt the transmission route， identify close contacts and implement quarantine management as early as possible to avoid the cluster epidemics on campus.

The quality and methodology of guidelines developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) have been continuously improved after decades of development and reform. However, the implementation of conventional guidelines faces certain challenges, including lengthy timelines, the possible loss of accuracy and consistency of recommendations, and limited capacity of some countries to support guideline adaptation and implement. As a result, the expected effects of guideline recommendations may not be fully achieved. As many countries are investing heavily in digital health systems, both the WHO and its Member States have recognized the importance of digital implementation of guidelines and developed the SMART Guidelines. As a new approach, SMART Guidelines can accelerate the implementation of evidence-based recommendations in the digital age, enhance their compliance and implementability, and improve healthcare quality and population outcomes. This article aims to provide an overview of the background, definition, framework, and knowledge layers of the WHO SMART Guidelines, using antenatal care guidelines as an example for interpretation.

As an important resource on the demand side, air-conditioning load can flexibly participate in the power system and promote new energy consumption. In the process of air-conditioning load scheduling, there are differences in thermal comfort requirements and scheduling potential among different users. How to satisfy the user differentiated thermal comfort and tap their scheduling potential is a difficult problem to consider. In response to the above problem, the thermal comfort model is firstly introduced to comprehensively quantify the user′s thermal comfort experience. Secondly, according to the human parameters in the thermal comfort model, the K-means clustering method is used to divide the user groups with different characteristics of thermal tolerance. On this basis, the air-conditioning direct load control strategy based on user differentiated thermal comfort is proposed and validated by simulation. The example analysis shows that, compared with the traditional strategy, the strategy proposed in this paper fully taps the scheduling potential of different user groups on the basis of completing the consumption task, and guarantees the thermal comfort of them.

[Objective] The synergistic relationship between land use carbon balance and human activity intensity were studied in order to provide a reference for regional collaborative carbon emission reduction planning in the Tuojiang River basin, and thereby meet the goal of “carbon peak and carbon neutrality” in China. [Methods] Using land use and socio-economic data from 2000 to 2020, carbon emission economic contribution coefficient, carbon ecological carrying coefficient, human activity intensity indicators, a coupled coordination model, and regression analysis, we calculated carbon emissions from land use in the Tuojiang River basin. We then analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and synergistic relationship between land use carbon balance and human activity intensity. [Results] Carbon emissions in the Tuojiang River basin increased by 5.13×107 t from 2000 to 2020, with construction land accounting for over 90% of carbon emissions. The small change in carbon absorption mainly resulted from forest land showing a change pattern of initially decreasing and then increasing. The growth rate of net carbon emissions showed a downward trend. The coordination of land use carbon balance in each district and county was improving, but more than 70% of the region was in a state of imbalance and decline. The overall intensity of human activities in the Tuojiang River basin was at a moderate level, with a spatial pattern of “low-high-low-high” from north to south. [Conclusion] There was a significant positive correlation between human activity intensity and per capita GDP and per capita carbon emissions. The negative correlation between land use carbon balance coordination and human activity intensity decreased with technological progress and increased energy utilization efficiency. Improving carbon sequestration capacity and carbon productivity is an effective way to improve the coordination level of regional land use carbon balance. The results of this study provide a reference for regional collaborative carbon emission reduction planning in the Tuojiang River basin.

Today’s society promotes and improves teaching in various ways. However the teaching of spoken English still lacks the guidance of scientific method. The importance of oral teaching is becoming more and more prominent in English teaching. Therefore, this paper proposes specific oral teaching training strategies to explore effective methods of oral evaluation after applying the DTW construction strategy. The cultivation strategy of spoken English has been improved from the perspective of teachers. The speech evaluation system is designed and implemented to normalize the speech signal and then add windows to it in frames. SMFCC, volume intensity, and fundamental trajectory were chosen as the feature parameters of the system comparison. Parameters were extracted from the amplitude spectrum, and after feature extraction, parameter distance calculation was carried out on the feature parameters so as to get the results of English-speaking level scoring. According to the study, the teaching model that incorporates the English-speaking development strategy significantly improves the students’ speaking ability compared to the control class. Moreover, the evaluation system’s performance in terms of exact agreement rate and neighbor agreement rate is consistently above 90%, which indicates that the system can objectively evaluate the students’ oral proficiency.

In order to improve the defect recognition efficiency of transmission lines, the industry is currently using aerial images for automatic visual defect detection to ensure the safe operation of transmission lines. This paper proposes a method for defect recognition from coarse to fine, based on convolutional neural networks and connected domain algorithms, to improve recognition accuracy. The recognition speed is improved by using the knowledge distillation method of target detection networks based on decoupled features, adversarial features, and attention features. It has been found that the optimized recognition model improves the precision rate by 7%, the recall rate by 8%, and the average accuracy rate by 10%. The FPS of the model optimized by knowledge distillation is 62.5, and the average value of the FPS of other versions of this model is 47.35. It is believed that the two optimization ideas introduced in this paper can enhance the previous transmission line defect recognition algorithm in terms of accuracy and recognition speed.

With the increasing demand for high-quality skilled talents, building a teaching management system suitable for the characteristics of modern apprenticeship is the key to ensuring the smooth implementation of practical teaching. After the contemporary apprenticeship quality management system, this article takes vocational college students under the current apprenticeship management system in S city as the research object, uses principal component analysis and multiple choice linear regression methods to evaluate student initiative and explore the relevant influencing factors, Assess the impact and degree of influence of various factors on the agency of vocational college students. The results show that motivation investment (0.2421) and emotional investment (0.2335) are closely related to the evaluation results of student agency. The agency of the selected students is at a lower than average level, with an evaluation score of 2.9096. The impact value of the modern apprenticeship management system on student agency is 3.561, above average. Among them, The impact of factor process (3.838) is the greatest

Computer teaching in colleges and universities under the background of informationization is developing rapidly, but the teaching mode still has more serious problems, and computer teaching reform needs to be emphasized. This paper first proposes solutions to the problems of computer teaching in colleges and universities. Secondly, it uses hierarchical analysis to construct a computer teaching evaluation system model, then carries out educational information data mining through the DMOTE method, and uses C4.5 to optimize the model of DMOTE. Setting up a controlled experiment to analyze the students’ performance after receiving teaching reform, most of the students in the experimental group scored in the two segments of 80-89 and 90 or more, accounting for 60%, and the number of students scoring less than 60 points was less, only 6%. After the reform of the computer model, the students’ performance improvement is more obvious, and the reform effect is good.

The global system of nature reserves is facing adjustment and restructuring towards the goal of harmonizing ecological conservation with regional development. We use multiple ecoregion data at both global and national scales as ecological indicators to explore the gap areas of China's nature reserves, which can help to build a global network of nature reserve systems and lay a spatial foundation for global biodiversity conservation. This paper comprehensively resorts to the ideas and modeling approaches involved in gap analysis, conservation prioritization analysis and eco-region planning. After identifying in both global and national scales the potential areas with gaps in national nature reserves in China, it proposes conservation priority areas and optimization strategies. The study finds that in a global extent, the areas with the gaps in China cover a large area and are distributed widely, mostly on the both sides of the Tengchong-Heihe Line. The conservation priority areas are concentrated in mid-subtropical humid areas, plateau subtropical sub-humid areas and semi-arid areas, and plateau temperate humid/sub-humid areas. These areas are usually not sufficiently protected due to their diversified landforms, complex ecosystems and lack of protection measures. The results have verified and identified the areas with gaps in the building of Chinese national nature reserve system. They may make a unique and important contribution to global ecological conservation efforts in terms of protected area system optimization and conservation network building. Synopsis: This paper analyses the conservation gaps in China's national nature reserves and proposes conservation priority areas for optimising the layout of the nature reserve network.

Liver cancer is a prevalent malignant tumor with high mortality worldwide, making it urgent to explore new targets for liver cancer therapy. N-terminal EF-hand calcium binding protein 3 (NECAB3) is a new recognized regulator of cancer, while its role in liver cancer remained elusive. Thus, the study clarified the action of NECAB3 on liver cancer development and explored the detailed mechanism. We found that NECAB3 was enhanced in liver cancer. Knockdown of NECAB3 restrained liver cancer cell migration and invasion. Besides, knockdown of NECAB3 suppressed the activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α)/Ras like without CAAX 1 (RIT1) pathway. Furthermore, NECAB3 regulated liver cancer migration and invasion through modulating RIT1 expression. Moreover, downregulation of NECAB3 suppressed liver cancer tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, NECAB3 was upregulated in liver cancer. Knockdown of NECAB3 suppressed aggressive phenotype of liver cancer via modulating the HIF-1α/RIT1 axis, providing a possible target for liver cancer therapy.

ObjectiveTo understand the distribution characteristics of soil metal pollution around an abandoned rare earth ore in Jiangxi and the health impact on the surrounding residents.MethodsAccording to the distribution of abandoned rare earth ore， the village was divided into mining and non-mining areas. The prevalence of chronic diseases among residents over 15 years old in the village was collected through a self-designed questionnaire. Twenty-three soil samples were collected. The contents of rare earth metals （including lanthanum， cerium， praseodymium， and neodymium） and heavy metals （including arsenic （metalloids）， cadmium， and lead） in the soil samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS）.ResultsThe metal content showed a cumulative increasing trend. One of the 23 sampling sites showed mild cadmium pollution. Compared with non-mining farmland， the metal content of farmland soil around the abandoned rare earth mine was relatively higher. The residents' top six self-reported chronic diseases were hypertension， chronic bronchitis， diabetes， stroke， hyperlipidemia， and cataract. The prevalence of hypertension in mining area was higher than non-mining area （χ2=4.141， P=0.042）. The main related factors for hypertension in residents were the increase in age （OR=14.576， 95%CI： 2.773‒76.605） and body mass index （OR=3.147， 95%CI： 1.121‒8.835）.ConclusionAbandoned rare earth ore may have a potential impact on the health of surrounding residents.

In order to improve the mechanical properties of Zr-3.1Nb alloy, the effects of different cooling rates on the tensile properties of the alloy were studied by controlled heat treatment. And the change of phase composition and micromorphology of the alloy samples at various cooling rates were analyzed by X-ray diffractometer, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometer and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that with increasing cooling rate, the yield strength and tensile strength of the samples increase from 382, 426 MPa to 535, 617 MPa, respectively. There are many slip systems in FC-2 sample, which contains the high content of β phase, leading to the better elongation of 21.15%.The fracture mode of all samples is plastic fracture, and the plasticity deteriorates with increasing cooling rate. The three groups of samples in furnace cooling process all contain α and β phases, and the β phase is reticular, while the α phase is equiaxed. The ω phase is newly precipitated in air cooling sample, and the morphology of α phase could be divided into block and lath. The β phase in water cooling sample disappears and transforms into many lath α′ martensite. Due to the higher cooling rate, the distribution of α phase tends to be dispersed, and the grain size decreases from 3.56 μm in FC-1 sample to 1.74 μm in water cooling sample.

At present, the power output of electric vehicles is mainly derived from power batteries, whose State of Charge (SOC) represents the remaining power of batteries. Accurate estimation of SOC is of great significance for the safety of battery use . Butterfly Optimization Algorithm (BOA) was improved and used to optimize BP neural network to estimate SOC of power battery, which solved the problems of long training time, slow convergence, low accuracy and easy to fall into local optimal solution. At the same time, the global search speed is improved, voltage and current are selected as input variables, SOC as output variables, and the weight and threshold of neural network are adjusted according to the size of error. Simulation results show that the error rate of SOC estimation results obtained after optimization is controlled within 1.1%, and this method has better robustness and faster optimization speed.

Aiming at the problem that the traditional SATA controller has a single interface and cannot give full play to the performance of the SSD, a multi-channel high-speed storage circuit based on PCIE to SATA is designed. This design makes full use of the high-bandwidth and low-latency characteristics of the PCIE bus and follows the AHCI protocol, which can greatly reduce the useless seek times and data search time of the hard disk, and improve the read performance. At the same time, the design can support 4 SATA channels and has good scalability. This design combines the characteristics of PCIE and SATA protocols, introduces the system architecture of PCIE to SATA high-speed storage circuit, and elaborates the data stream transmission process based on AHCI protocol. Finally, the circuit is tested based on the FPGA prototype verification. The single-disk read and write rates of the circuit are 562MB/s and 527MB/s, respectively. Compared with the traditional SATA controller, the read and write performance is greatly improved. The test results show that the designed PCIE to SATA high-speed storage circuit has excellent read and write performance, and has good stability and scalability.

Massive coal debris and dust are generated in the process of coal production and transportation, greatly affecting coal mine working environment and local residents. This study is aimed at promoting the dust suppression efficiency of dust suppressors and improving the working space and surrounding environment following the principle of waste reuse. Specifically, a new type of green superabsorbent dust suppressor (AA-DWF-PAM/GD) was prepared by treating the raw material, i.e., China fir sawdust, with solutions such as NaOH and Na2SO3 through microwave-assisted in-situ synthesis. The following findings were obtained. The microscopic morphology, reaction mechanism, thermal stability and water absorption performance of AA-SW-PAM/GD were investigated by means of SEM, FTIR, TG-DTG and swelling kinetics experiments. The results show that AA-SW-PAM/GD presents a network structure and boasts high stability. DWF reacts well with acrylic acid (AA) and polyacrylamide (PAM), and no activity damage occurs before 73 ℃. Besides, the dust suppressor has the highest water absorption rate of 325 times, and its highest salt water absorption rate is about 100 when the solubility of NaCl, MgCl2 and CaCl2 salt solutions is 1%. In the dust suppression performance test, AA-DWF-PAM/GD reaches a dust suppression rate of about 90% when the airflow velocity is 14 m/s. After AA-DWF-PAM/GD is mixed with coal for combustion, the heat release rate is increased by 4.53 kW/m2, and the combustion time is prolonged by about 15 s. That is, after being sprayed during its use, AA-DWF-PAM/GD will not pose a negative impact on the calorific value of coal. According to the results of molecular dynamics simulation, AA-DWF-PAM/GD primarily acts on the coal-water interface, raising the thickness of the coal-water interface to 28×10−6 mm (13-41×10−6 mm), enhancing the diffusion of water molecules on the coal surface and attracting water molecules to migrate toward the coal seam. Moreover, after its addition, the self-diffusion coefficient (D) of water molecules grows by 4.3×10−9 m2/s, which means that the wettability of the coal seam surface is promoted. Overall, considering its low cost, environmental friendliness and remarkable dust suppression performance, AA-DWF-PAM/GD proposed in this study is a promising dust suppressor that can be widely used in coal mines.

Affected by the superposition of working face mining, strong rock pressure phenomena such as rock burst and large deformation easily occur in the gob-side entry when mining extra-thick coal seams. Taking the extra-thick coal seam mining of Caojiatan Coal Mine in Yushen Mining Area as the engineering background, the appearance mechanism of strong mine pressure in gob-side entry is analyzed and a surrounding rock control technology based on deep-hole directional tension blasting and pressure relief is proposed in our study. The effects of the technology are comprehensively studied by numerical simulation and field experiment. It was found that under the condition of fully-mechanized top-coal caving mining in extra-thick coal seam, the large space long cantilever structure of the gob roof breaks and forms a bench rock beam block with a large length. The instability of the long cantilever structure or the roof key layer will cause strong dynamic pressure, which acts on the coal pillar and further transmits to the surrounding rock of the gob-side entry in the advanced mining area, which is the main reason for the large deformation of the floor heave. Numerical study shows that when the directional roof cutting is performed in the gob-side entry, the surrounding rock stress is transferred away from the entry to both sides. The peak stress value is significantly reduced and the stress range is reduced. The engineering test under different roof cutting conditions was carried out in the field. It was found that the deep-hole roof cutting pressure relief technology based on directional tension blasting can effectively reduce the surrounding rock pressure of the gob-side entry at the end of the ultra-thick coal seam working face. The average load of fore support in the entry was reduced by 11% and the average deformation of floor in the serious section of the entry was reduced by 65% after roof cutting. The combined blasting is beneficial to further reduce the deformation of the entry surroundings and improves the stability of the entry. The research results provide an effective method for controlling the deformation of entry induced by strong mining pressure in ultra-thick coal seam mining.

Asymmetric metasurfaces supporting quasi-bound states in the continuum (BICs) with high Q-factors and strong light–matter interaction properties are attractive platforms for label-free biosensing applications. Recently, various meta-atom geometries have been exploited to support sharp high-Q quasi-BIC resonance. However, which meta-atom design may be a better practical choice remains unclear. Here, we compared several established meta-atom designs to address this issue by conducting an extensive theoretical discussion on sensing capability and fabrication difficulty. We theoretically revealed that the tetramer meta-atom geometry produces a higher surface sensitivity and exhibits a larger size-to-wavelength ratio than other meta-atom schemes. Furthermore, we found that metasurfaces with a higher depth considerably enhance surface sensitivity. The performance of two asymmetric tetramer metasurfaces (ATMs) with different heights was demonstrated experimentally. Both shallow and thick ATM structures exhibit sharp high Q-factor resonances with polarization-insensitive features. Notably, the surface sensitivity is 1.62 times for thick ATM compared to that for shallow ones. The combination of properties opens new opportunities for developing biosensing or chemical-sensing applications with high performance.

The model of distributed PV is constructed firstly, then the characteristics of distributed PV are studied and the electromechanical transient current equations are given. Using the actual PV grid-connected controller, a simulation system based on PSASP simulation platform is built. Through this system, the transient power characteristics of distributed PV during low voltage ride-through period are studied. Through theoretical analysis and experimental verification, the fault characteristics of distributed photovoltaic power supply are comprehensively expounded.

To address the question of whether cold capture can store cold in different regions in winter, and to realize the energy-saving concept of capturing winter cold storage for summer use, the mathematical modeling and experimental demonstration of the cold capture were carried out. To analyze of the mechanism of phase change ice storage under steady state and unsteady state. Cold capture experiments were conducted under winter conditions in Yulin, Shaanxi Province, using cold storage medium water in three different climate temperature intervals. The experimental results showed that the total volume of ice stored in 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 L measuring drums differed from the actual experimental results by 9.00%, 6.25%, 2.00%, 1.82%, and 3.45%, respectively. The error rate obtained after adding cold radiation from space to a 5 L measuring drum is 0.25%. The mathematical model of cold storage is more reasonable. The experimental results also showed that the time below 0 ℃ accounted for 58.49%, 61.11% and 97.37% of the test time when the outdoor temperature fluctuated in three intervals of -3~5 ℃, -10~9 ℃ and -18~2 ℃, respectively. The experiment proves that it can quickly capture cold in severe cold areas and some cold areas, and has good applicability to seasonal ice storage and cooling air conditioning systems.

As a mainstream bus protocol, the application scenarios of PCIE(Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) bus are more and more abundant, and the peripheral devices connected on the bus are also increasing. On both desktop and embedded general-purpose processors, the number of PCIE controllers is limited, and the functions of many PCIE bridge chips are also very limited. A polymorphic PCIE expansion bridge chip is designed to extend the processor's processing capability. The chip's multi-channel, high-throughput, polymorphic attributes effectively make up for the shortcomings of the traditional PCIE processor. The scheme determines the feasibility and the stability of the chip through the post-silicon verification method, and also provides a designed idea suitable for the follow-up PCIE extended chip.

On a global scale, drought, salinity, extreme temperature, and other abiotic stressors severely limit the quality and yield of crops. Therefore, it is crucial to clarify the adaptation strategies of plants to harsh environments. Chloroplasts are important environmental sensors in plant cells. For plants to thrive in different habitats, chloroplast homeostasis must be strictly regulated, which is necessary to maintain efficient plant photosynthesis and other metabolic reactions under stressful environments. To maintain normal chloroplast physiology, two important biological processes are needed: the import and degradation of chloroplast proteins. The orderly import of chloroplast proteins and the timely degradation of damaged chloroplast components play a key role in adapting plants to their environment. In this review, we briefly describe the mechanism of chloroplast TOC-TIC protein transport. The importance and recent progress of chloroplast protein turnover, retrograde signaling, and chloroplast protein degradation under stress are summarized. Furthermore, the potential of targeted regulation of chloroplast homeostasis is emphasized to improve plant adaptation to environmental stresses.

Light industries are crucial for China’s economic and social development, and the high-quality development of these industries is conducive to promoting China’s economic and social transformation, improving the quality of residents’ lives, and forming a new development pattern in which domestic and international cycles promote each other. In this study, the basic development pattern of the light industries and major problems faced by China’s economic transformation and upgrading were analyzed, and the common strategic directions for the development of China’s light industries were summarized, including green manufacturing, high-end manufacturing, intelligent manufacturing, and industrial cluster development. Focusing on major light industry categories such as paper-making, leather, plastic processing, and fermentation industries, key engineering issues that urgently require breakthroughs were proposed, and key equipment, components, raw materials and additives, strains, and process technologies were analyzed. We suggest to promote scientific and technological progress through the construction of innovation platforms, improve relevant industrial policies, optimize development environment, and cultivate talents, thereby promoting the high-quality development of the light industries and enhancing international competitiveness.

During the normal operation of pressurized water reactors, tritium has contributed more than 95 % of the total radioactivity of all the radionuclides discharged into the environment and has been recognized as the key radionuclide in the design and operation of reactors. In the paper, the tritium production of the AP1000 reactor by the Westinghouse approach has been introduced and the diffusion fractions of tritium from fuel rods in the approach have been reviewed according to advances in research on the diffusion of tritium from zirconium alloys. The historical tritium discharge data from the predecessors with very similar core designs of the AP1000 reactor have been collected and sorted. According to the statistical results, the average tritium discharge approximates the tritium generated from neutron activation of boric acid and lithium hydroxide and it shows that the release fraction of tritium through fuel cladding with zirconium alloy may be neglected for the best-estimated condition. The release of tritium from secondary neutron sources has been validated by a comparison of historical tritium discharge from the predecessors with and without secondary sources. In addition, it indicates that local maximum tritium emissions from the U.S. Pressurized Water Reactors are remarkably affected by batch liquid release, especially before or during the overhauls. It will help recognize the tritium generation in the primary loops and optimize the management of radioactive emissions for the utilities of the AP1000 reactor in the future.

Background/Aim. Prediabetes (PD) refers to the condition in which the blood sugar level is higher than normal but has not reached the diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus (DM) yet. Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is a major prediabetic symptom since most patients with type 2 DM have progressed from the previous PD phase. The aim of the study was to observe the changes in serum metabolomics in patients with IGT treated with Hibiscus esculentus L. (H. esculentus) combined with the change of lifestyle. Methods. Sixty patients with IGT were divided into two groups. In one group, the subjects made a life-style change (LC group, simple diet control), and the other group of subjects made a lifestyle change combined with H. esculentus (LCH group) treatment with daily consumption of 20 g of dried H. esculentus fruit tea. The aim was to compare the blood glucose, homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, and serum metabolomics after a 60-day clinical observation period. Results. There was no statistical significance in the glucose level between the two groups by the end of the observation period. The HOMA-IR index in the LCH group was lower than in the LC group (1.7 ± 1.1 vs. 2.4 ± 1.2, p = 0.030). Serum metabolomics revealed that the levels of d-galactose, d-glucose, turanose, and uric acid in the LCH group were significantly lower than those in the LC group (16.7 ± 3.9 mmol/L vs. 21.2 ±2.9 mmol/L, 101.5 ± 40.2 mmol/L vs. 132.9 ± 36.7 mmol/L, 1.8 ± 1.6 mmol/L vs. 3.76 ± 2.46 mmol/L, 44.56 ± 15.7 μmol/L vs. 67.8 ± 23.5 μmol /L, respectively). The levels of lactic acid and conjugated linoleic acid in the LCH group were significantly higher than those in the LC group (3.3 ± 0.5 mmol/L vs. 2.3 ± 0.8 mmol/L, 6.9 ± 6.1 mmol/L vs. 2.1 ± 1.2 mmol/L, respectively). Conclusion. H. esculentus, combined with a change of lifestyle, can reduce insulin resistance and the levels of multiple monosaccharides and blood uric acid in IGT patients. Regulation of the metabolism of lactic acid and conjugated linoleic acid may be the potential mechanism of how H. esculentus reduces insulin resistance.

The rapid development of polymer materials has promoted the trend of plasticization of metal gears in medium and low load gear transmissions. Plastic helical gears are often used to replace metal worm gears in the worm and helical gear transmission, but the performance of metal and plastic materials is quite different, which leads to complex damage forms of plastic helical gears and the result that fatigue life is difficult to predict. To solve this problem, based on the Hertz contact theory and the relative coordinate method formed in the aerospace field, the multi-body dynamics software RecurDyn is used to establish the rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model to obtain the transient stress value of the plastic helical gear and then it is used as the load input value of the plastic helical gear in the Durability module. The relationship between POM gear fatigue life and contact stress amplitude in German plastic gear standard VDI 2736 is used to obtain the S-N curve of the plastic helical gear, and then the fatigue life of the plastic helical gear is studied based on the stress time history life calculation criterion. The accuracy of the analysis model is verified by the fatigue bench experiment, which provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent research on the fatigue life of plastic gears.

Self-powered photodetectors with broadband and polarization-sensitive photoresponse are desirable for many important applications such as wearable electronic devices and wireless communication systems. Recently, two-dimensional (2D) materials have been demonstrated as promising candidates for self-powered photodetectors owing to their advantages in light–matter interaction, transport, electronic properties, and so on. However, their performance in speed, broadband response, and multifunction is still limited. Here, we report a PdSe2 photodetector with asymmetric van der Waals (vdWs) contacts formed by using a homojunction configuration. This device achieves a high responsivity approaching 53 mA/W, a rise/decay time of about 0.72 ms/0.24 ms, and a detectivity of more than 5.17 × 1011 Jones in the visible-near infrared regime (532–1470 nm). In addition, a linear polarization-sensitive response can be observed with an anisotropy ratio of 1.11 at 532 nm and 1.62 at 1064 nm. Furthermore, a strong anisotropic response endows this photodetector with outstanding polarization imaging capabilities, realizing a contrast-enhanced degree of linear polarization imaging. Our proposed device architecture demonstrated the great potential of PdSe2-based asymmetric vdWs contacts for high-performance photodetectors operating without any external bias.

Taxus cuspidata S. et Z. is a precious species of frigid zone plant belonging to the Taxaceae family, which possesses anticancer, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, and antibacterial pharmacological properties. While taxane extracted from Taxus chinensis has been reported to elicit antioxidant activities, whether Taxus cuspidata S. et Z. has skin-protective actions against injuries remained unknown. This study aims to explore the pharmacological effects of three Taxus extracts on skin melanin deposition, oxidation, inflammation, and allergy so as to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of various diseases related to skin damage.

Abstract Background and purpose The complications of radical surgery for cervical cancer can increase patient suffering and affect their quality of life. This retrospective study assessed the safety of radical hysterectomy (RH) with pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) by observing the complications of patients with cervical cancer who underwent this procedure in a single centre over 10 years. Our findings may provide experience and evidence for preventing and reducing complications. Methods A total of 2226 cervical cancer patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled. All patients underwent RH + PLND. Intraoperative injury to adjacent tissues and short-term and long-term complications were recorded to analyze factors associated with the occurrence of complications. Results Postoperative complications occurred in 34.41% (766/2226) of patients, including 7.68% of patients with injury to adjacent tissues, 31.45% with short-term complications, and 2.96% with long-term complications. Age, tumor size, invasion depth, parametrial invasion, lymph vascular space invasion (LVSI), lymph node metastasis, International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, and surgical procedure were closely associated with the postoperative complications of RH + PLND (P IB2, and who underwent open surgery were more prone to complications.