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Cowden syndrome (CS) and Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome (BRRS) which are autosomal dominant hamartoma syndromes is presented. It is explained that the germline PTEN mutations is associated with 85% of the CS cases and 65% of BRRS cases and also with other disorders, which are collectively referred to as the 'PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome.'

Patients with unexplained hamartomatous or hyperplastic/mixed polyposis were systematically classified by extensive molecular analysis in the context of central rereview of histopathology results. Systematic molecular classification of 49 patients with unexplained hamartomatous or hyperplastic polyposis uncovered a potential novel susceptibility gene, ENG, for juvenile polyposis.

Two 3D polyknotted topological isomers that were obtained from the reactions of CuSCN (copper thiocyanate) and (Hbppz) 3,5-bis(4-pyridyl)-1H-pyrazole under different conditions is reported. Both complexes are polyknotted topological isomers introduced by different linkage modes of the SC[N.sup-] anion between two interpenetrating [10.sup.3] networks.

The bifunctional molecule tetrakis(methylthio)-1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid (TMBD) has interacted with the increasingly harder metal ions of [Cu.sup.I], [Cd.sup.II] and [Zn.sup.II] to form the coordination networks of [Cu.sub.2]TMBD, CdTMBD and [Zn.sub.4]O[([H.sub.2]O).sub.3][(T

The research describes the formation of polypseudorotaxane supramolecules by the encapsulation of the metal bis(terpyridine) complex cations by the anionic network of various anionic hybrid coordination compounds. The analysis reveals that the role of the template in the fabrication of such structures is played by the complex cations, which further leads to the development of new hybrid functional materials.

The synthesis and characterization of two CuI complexes of 2,4,6-Tri(2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine (tpt), a mixed-valence Cu(II)-Cu(I) complex of tpt, and two Cu(II) complexes of bis(2-pyridylcarbonyl)-amine (bpca)by in situ hydrolysis of tpt and oxidation of Cu(I) is presented. The synthesis and characterization of such complexes indicated that Cu(I) could not promote the hydrolysis of tpt and a theoretical study shows that the main effect for hydrolysis of tpt is the electron-withdrawing effect of metal ions.

The systematic investigation of the influences of pyrimidine-based thioether ligand geometries and counteranions on the overall molecular architectures are presented. On the basis of the self-assembly of CuX and the four structurally related flexible dithioether ligands, 10 new metal-organic entities are synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography.