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Introduction: Embolus due to plaque rupture is a risk of cerebral infarction for carotid artery stenting (CAS). Female have been controversial as a risk factor for cardiovascular interventions in recent years. MMP-9 has been previously reported to be associated with acute ischemic stroke and to be a potential marker for arteriosclerosis.Therefore, this paper aimed to investigate the gender difference of embolic complications for CAS using MMP-9.Material and Methods: We analyzed 46 consecutive cases of CAS performed with distal balloon protection, including 34 males and 12 females. Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) -9 were measured before and after CAS. Embolic events were examined in Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) on MRI the next day after CAS.Results: 13 cases (28.3%) had DWI-positive findings after CAS, and these results showed a significant gender difference (female 58.3% vs. male 17.6%, p < 0.05). Pre-CAS MMP-9 was significantly higher in females than in males (661.7 vs. 428.1 ng/ml, p < 0.05).Pre-CAS MMP-9 tended to be higher in DWI-positive cases than DWI-negative cases with no significant difference (676.9 vs. 415.0 ng/ml, p = 0.051).Conclusion: High serum MMP-9 in female have correlation with DWI positive findings after CAS. We suggest that high serum MMP-9 have a risk of cerebral infarction for CAS. Considering the results, CAS should be carefully performed, especially in female.

Parthenocarpy and stenospermocarpy are the two mechanisms underlying the seedless fruit set program. Seedless fruit occurs naturally and can be produced using hormone application, crossbreeding, or ploidy breeding. However, the two types of breeding are time-consuming and sometimes ineffective due to interspecies hybridization barriers or the absence of appropriate parental genotypes to use in the breeding process. The genetic engineering approach provides a better prospect, which can be explored based on an understanding of the genetic causes underlying the seedlessness trait. For instance, CRISPR/Cas is a comprehensive and precise technology. The prerequisite for using the strategy to induce seedlessness is identifying the crucial master gene or transcription factor liable for seed formation/development. In this review, we primarily explored the seedlessness mechanisms and identified the potential candidate genes underlying seed development. We also discussed the CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing approaches and their improvements.

In our investigation of university students’ knowledge about real numbers in relation to computer algebra systems (CAS) and how it could be developed in view of their future activity as teachers, we used a computer algorithm as a case to explore the relationship between CAS and the knowledge of real numbers as decimal representations. Our work was carried out in the context of a course for university students who aim to become mathematics teachers in high schools. The main data consists of students’ written responses to an assignment of the course and interviews to clarify students’ perspectives in relation to the responses. The analysis of students’ work is based on the anthropological theory of the didactic (ATD). Our results indicate that simple CAS-routines have a potential to help university students (future teachers) to apply their university knowledge on certain problems related to the decimal representation of real number which are typically encountered but not well explained in high school.

Introduction: Embolus due to plaque rupture is a risk of cerebral infarction for carotid artery stenting (CAS). Female have been controversial as a risk factor for cardiovascular interventions in recent years. MMP-9 has been previously reported to be associated with acute ischemic stroke and to be a potential marker for arteriosclerosis.Therefore, this paper aimed to investigate the gender difference of embolic complications for CAS using MMP-9.Material and Methods: We analyzed 46 consecutive cases of CAS performed with distal balloon protection, including 34 males and 12 females. Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) -9 were measured before and after CAS. Embolic events were examined in Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) on MRI the next day after CAS.Results: 13 cases (28.3%) had DWI-positive findings after CAS, and these results showed a significant gender difference (female 58.3% vs. male 17.6%, p < 0.05). Pre-CAS MMP-9 was significantly higher in females than in males (661.7 vs. 428.1 ng/ml, p < 0.05).Pre-CAS MMP-9 tended to be higher in DWI-positive cases than DWI-negative cases with no significant difference (676.9 vs. 415.0 ng/ml, p = 0.051).Conclusion: High serum MMP-9 in female have correlation with DWI positive findings after CAS. We suggest that high serum MMP-9 have a risk of cerebral infarction for CAS. Considering the results, CAS should be carefully performed, especially in female.

Purpose: This study's objective is to assess this relationship in the context of the banking industry in Iraq. The human resources management practices (HRMPs) Theoretical framework: in this study included recruiting and selection, training and development, performance appraisal, compensation and reward to testing relationship HRMPs. Design/methodology/approach: in this study; We analysed by used a quantitative approach, and 246 employees were selected as a sample and given a questionnaire. The SPSS software was used to examine the data that were obtained from the questionnaire. Findings: The study's findings revealed a variety of hypotheses and conclusions, including the following: competitive advantage (CA) is positively impacted by recruitment and selection. CA is considerably and significantly influenced by compensation and reward. Similar to how performance appraisal do, they significantly boost CA. However, it is important to note that training and development have a significant negative effect on CA. Research, Practical & Social implications: Overall, it was shown that the Iraqi banking sector is benefiting from increased interest in HRMPs by enabling CA. Originality/value: The Previous studies indicate that the number of publications in the HRMPs area is growing, Our current study attempts to bridge the research gap in this field, and that the originality in the research comes from the application of these variables in the Iraqi banking sector.

Rhizobiales are well-known plant-root nitrogen-fixing symbionts, but the functions of insect-associated Rhizobiales are poorly understood. We obtained genomes of three strains associated with Acromyrmex leaf-cutting ants and show that, in spite of being extracellular gut symbionts, they lost all pathways for essential amino acid biosynthesis, making them fully dependent on their hosts. Comparison with 54 Rhizobiales genomes showed that all insect-associated Rhizobiales lost the ability to fix nitrogen and that the Acromyrmex symbionts had exceptionally also lost the urease genes. However, the Acromyrmex strains share biosynthesis pathways for riboflavin vitamin, queuosine and a wide range of antioxidant enzymes likely to be beneficial for the ant fungus-farming symbiosis. We infer that the Rhizobiales symbionts catabolize excess of fungus-garden-derived arginine to urea, supplementing complementary Mollicutes symbionts that turn arginine into ammonia and infer that these combined symbiont activities stabilize the fungus-farming mutualism. Similar to the Mollicutes symbionts, the Rhizobiales species have fully functional CRISPR/Cas and R-M phage defenses, suggesting that these symbionts are important enough for the ant hosts to have precluded the evolution of metabolically cheaper defenseless strains.Analysis of genomes of Rhizobiales symbionts of Acromyrmex reveals a dependence of these bacteria on their host, while they supply ants with compounds that enhance the robustness of the mutualism.

This thesis explores the intricacies of waithood society in Sierra Leone, with focus on spaces of belonging and barriers to empowerment of primarily adolescent female sex workers. Gender disparities and the expansive gender inequality in the West African country in relation to the position of the Sierra Leonean women within marginal contemporary youthscapes breed tensions between development efforts and policy and the lived realities and experiences of female sex workers. Through primarily qualitative research methods, namely ethnographic fieldwork, participant observation and informal and semi-structured interviews, relevant information about the socio-cultural context of the country has been gathered and processed and the findings outlined in this paper indicate high levels of early marriage, teen pregnancy, gender-based discrimination and high incidence of poverty driven guardianship systems. Customary social norms and gendered expectations are seen as barriers to the empowerment and progress of sex workers, and the relentless setbacks experienced through a history of civil war and incessant public health crises have entrenched the impoverishment and oppression of marginalized groups, in this case sex workers, deep within society. Waithood and feminist based theoretical approaches form the base of a theoretical investigation into the case study of Sierra Leone and the sex work youthscape within the informal economy sector, and its adjacent incidence of criminalization of poverty., This thesis explores the intricacies of waithood society in Sierra Leone, with focus on spaces of belonging and barriers to empowerment of primarily adolescent female sex workers. Gender disparities and the expansive gender inequality in the West African country in relation to the position of the Sierra Leonean women within marginal contemporary youthscapes breed tensions between development efforts and policy and the lived realities and experiences of female sex workers. Through primarily qualitative research methods, namely ethnographic fieldwork, participant observation and informal and semi-structured interviews, relevant information about the socio-cultural context of the country has been gathered and processed and the findings outlined in this paper indicate high levels of early marriage, teen pregnancy, gender-based discrimination and high incidence of poverty driven guardianship systems. Customary social norms and gendered expectations are seen as barriers to the empowerment and progress of sex workers, and the relentless setbacks experienced through a history of civil war and incessant public health crises have entrenched the impoverishment and oppression of marginalized groups, in this case sex workers, deep within society. Waithood and feminist based theoretical approaches form the base of a theoretical investigation into the case study of Sierra Leone and the sex work youthscape within the informal economy sector, and its adjacent incidence of criminalization of poverty.

This thesis explores the intricacies of waithood society in Sierra Leone, with focus on spaces of belonging and barriers to empowerment of primarily adolescent female sex workers. Gender disparities and the expansive gender inequality in the West African country in relation to the position of the Sierra Leonean women within marginal contemporary youthscapes breed tensions between development efforts and policy and the lived realities and experiences of female sex workers. Through primarily qualitative research methods, namely ethnographic fieldwork, participant observation and informal and semi-structured interviews, relevant information about the socio-cultural context of the country has been gathered and processed and the findings outlined in this paper indicate high levels of early marriage, teen pregnancy, gender-based discrimination and high incidence of poverty driven guardianship systems. Customary social norms and gendered expectations are seen as barriers to the empowerment and progress of sex workers, and the relentless setbacks experienced through a history of civil war and incessant public health crises have entrenched the impoverishment and oppression of marginalized groups, in this case sex workers, deep within society. Waithood and feminist based theoretical approaches form the base of a theoretical investigation into the case study of Sierra Leone and the sex work youthscape within the informal economy sector, and its adjacent incidence of criminalization of poverty., This thesis explores the intricacies of waithood society in Sierra Leone, with focus on spaces of belonging and barriers to empowerment of primarily adolescent female sex workers. Gender disparities and the expansive gender inequality in the West African country in relation to the position of the Sierra Leonean women within marginal contemporary youthscapes breed tensions between development efforts and policy and the lived realities and experiences of female sex workers. Through primarily qualitative research methods, namely ethnographic fieldwork, participant observation and informal and semi-structured interviews, relevant information about the socio-cultural context of the country has been gathered and processed and the findings outlined in this paper indicate high levels of early marriage, teen pregnancy, gender-based discrimination and high incidence of poverty driven guardianship systems. Customary social norms and gendered expectations are seen as barriers to the empowerment and progress of sex workers, and the relentless setbacks experienced through a history of civil war and incessant public health crises have entrenched the impoverishment and oppression of marginalized groups, in this case sex workers, deep within society. Waithood and feminist based theoretical approaches form the base of a theoretical investigation into the case study of Sierra Leone and the sex work youthscape within the informal economy sector, and its adjacent incidence of criminalization of poverty.

Tato bakalářská práce pojednává o Kantově motivu času v jeho díle Kritika čistého rozumu. Budu se zabývat Kantovým pojmem času pouze v rámci jeho Transcendentální estetiky. Nejprve tato práce vysvětlí základní pojmy Kantovy teorie poznání. Dále stručněji představí jeho koncepci prostoru, který se k času váže. Poté se explicitně zaměří na podrobnou analýzu Kantova konceptu času. Pozdější fáze práce se věnuje Kantova pojetí času a prostoru. Nejdříve Kant odpoví na běžné argumenty proti jeho teorii. Dále se s Kantem vyrovnávají moderní kritici, například Paul Guyer, G. Patzig, P. F. Strawson a další. Prostřednictvím textové interpretace se na základě Kantovy teorie pokusí dát odpověď na otázky: Co je čas? Je vnější nebo vnitřní? Je objektivní vůči všemu co existuje, a nebo se jedná o subjektivní věc? A pokud z nás čas vychází, a je podmínkou možnosti vnímání světa, jsme i my podmínkou času, neboť kdybychom nebyli, nebyl by čas?, This bachelor´s thesis examines the theme of time in Kant´s Critique of pure reason. I will discuss Kant´s theme of time based only on his Transcendental aestethics. At first this thesis describes fundamental concepts of Kant´s theory of sensuality. Further it introduces briefly his concept of space, that is connected to time. Then it explicitly analyzes Kant´s concept of time. The latter phase of the work is dedicated to critique Kant´s conception of time and space. Firstly, Kant will discuss common counter-arguments to his theory. Critique of modern critics follows, for example Paul Guyer, Günther Patzig, P. F. Strawson and others. Through text interpretation based on Kant´s theory I will try to find answers to questions like: What is time? Is it external or internal? Is it objective to all that exists, or is it a subjective thing? And if time comes from within of us, is it a condition for possibility of perception of the world, or are we the condition for time, for if we are not, time is not?, Fakulta filozofická, Student představil základní teze své práce. Poté byl ypřečteny připomínky, hodnocení a kritika z posudků vedoucího a oponenta ppráce. Student se obhajoval a reagoval na hodnocení. Nakonec proběhla diskuze., Dokončená práce s úspěšnou obhajobou

The aim of this work is to analyse the use of the future time in English in newspaper writing. Firstly, the thesis defines the individual structures used to express future time. Secondly, a brief description of the journalistic style is given. In the practical part, the results of the analysis are presented and interpreted and the context in which individual structures are used is described., Cílem práce je analýza vyjadřování futura používaných v žurnalistickém stylu v anglickém jazyce. Práce nejdříve vymezuje jednotlivá vyjádření budoucího času. Poté je stručně definován žurnalistický styl. V praktické části se práce zabývá analýzou a interpretací výsledků., Fakulta filozofická, Student představil výsledky analýzy a adekvátně reagoval na otázky z posudků. Komise se shodla na hodnocení B., Dokončená práce s úspěšnou obhajobou

Although ground troops are equipped with identification, friend or foe (IFF) devices, many fratricide cases still occur during air-to-ground operations. When they are engaged in a firefight, ground troops seek cover and concealment, and consequently, their attached IFF devices are also covered and concealed. The situation is aggravated when firefights happen at night in vegetated areas, presenting additional challenges for air force pilots when conducting close air support (CAS) operations. Hence, ground troops need to be able to deploy a visual reference above the canopy of vegetation while they remain concealed physically. This research project explored how relatively inexpensive commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) technologies can be leveraged to construct a maneuverable aerial identification friend-or-foe (MAIFF) device. A systems engineering approach was employed to produce a prototype MAIFF using a sub-250 gram quadcopter drone mounted with infrared lights. In testing, its illumination lasted up to six hours. Although invisible to the naked eye, its illumination was visible up to one mile away with the use of a night vision device. A scenario-based test is recommended as a step toward MAIFF adoption by military organizations. Testing the MAIFF will determine whether it enhances situation awareness, reduces the occurrence of fratricide, and increases the lethality of CAS., CRUSER (Consortium for Robotics and Unmanned Systems Education and Research), Colonel, Philippine Army, Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.

La autenticación y autorización de los servicios informáticos en cualquier organización es el método más básico y se podría considerar la característica mínima de seguridad a tomar en cuenta, en una entidad de cualquier índole el aumento del inventario software junto con la cantidad de credenciales de acceso para cada uno de estos converge en problemas como fatiga de la clave o almacenamientos inadecuados de sus credenciales, incrementando el riesgo de divulgación de contraseñas y posibles accesos no autorizados. Los sistemas de inicio de sesión único (SSO) permiten solucionar este inconveniente al administrar un solo punto de acceso para diferentes aplicativos instalados. En el mercado dos de los más importantes servidores de inicio de sesión son CAS y WSO2 Identity Server, los cuales se han implementado en diferentes tipos de escenarios. Por otro lado, la eficiencia de desempeño es un requerimiento no funcional importante que de acuerdo con varios estándares de calidad del software tiene implícitos subindicadores como tiempos de respuesta, consumo de recursos y capacidad. La presente investigación estableció como escenario de pruebas una simulación del entorno de producción de la institución AGROCALIDAD donde se analizó mediante pruebas de rendimiento utilizando la norma de calidad ISO 25010, el desempeño de cada alternativa. Mediante la aplicación de pruebas estadísticas y análisis multicriterio, los resultados evidencian que CAS obtiene un mejor desempeño que WSO2 Identity Server en la mayoría de los indicadores, a excepción del consumo de recursos donde no se encontró una diferencia significativa.

La autenticación y autorización de los servicios informáticos en cualquier organización es el método más básico y se podría considerar la característica mínima de seguridad a tomar en cuenta, en una entidad de cualquier índole el aumento del inventario software junto con la cantidad de credenciales de acceso para cada uno de estos converge en problemas como fatiga de la clave o almacenamientos inadecuados de sus credenciales, incrementando el riesgo de divulgación de contraseñas y posibles accesos no autorizados. Los sistemas de inicio de sesión único (SSO) permiten solucionar este inconveniente al administrar un solo punto de acceso para diferentes aplicativos instalados. En el mercado dos de los más importantes servidores de inicio de sesión son CAS y WSO2 Identity Server, los cuales se han implementado en diferentes tipos de escenarios. Por otro lado, la eficiencia de desempeño es un requerimiento no funcional importante que de acuerdo con varios estándares de calidad del software tiene implícitos subindicadores como tiempos de respuesta, consumo de recursos y capacidad. La presente investigación estableció como escenario de pruebas una simulación del entorno de producción de la institución AGROCALIDAD donde se analizó mediante pruebas de rendimiento utilizando la norma de calidad ISO 25010, el desempeño de cada alternativa. Mediante la aplicación de pruebas estadísticas y análisis multicriterio, los resultados evidencian que CAS obtiene un mejor desempeño que WSO2 Identity Server en la mayoría de los indicadores, a excepción del consumo de recursos donde no se encontró una diferencia significativa.

CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing is a powerful tool of plant functional genomics. Hairy root transformation is a rapid and convenient approach for obtaining transgenic roots. When combined, these techniques represent a fast and effective means of studying gene function. In this review, we outline the current state of the art reached by the combination of these approaches over seven years. Additionally, we discuss the origins of different Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains that are widely used for hairy root transformation; the components of CRISPR/Cas vectors, such as the promoters that drive Cas or gRNA expression, the types of Cas nuclease, and selectable and screenable markers; and the application of CRISPR/Cas genome editing in hairy roots. The modification of the already known vector pKSE401 with the addition of the rice translational enhancer OsMac3 and the gene encoding the fluorescent protein DsRed1 is also described.

We conducted a time-series spectroscopical analysis on the Delta Scuti star b Cas, known for exhibiting only three independent pulsation frequencies, as a variable star. Our aim was to test wether or not the star presents more pulsation frequencies and pulsation modes besides those previously found in photometric studies. The analysis of mode identification is based on the Moment Method, despite the star being a fast rotator, taking into account previously determined stellar parameters. The analysis did not provide new frequencies, but the results are expectable taking into account previous work., by Ana-Maria Stanciu, Masterarbeit Universität Innsbruck 2021

Type IV CRISPR systems encode CRISPR associated (Cas)-like proteins that combine with small RNAs to form multi-subunit ribonucleoprotein complexes. However, the lack of Cas nucleases, integrases, and other genetic features commonly observed in most CRISPR systems has made it difficult to predict type IV mechanisms of action and biological function. Here we summarize recent bioinformatic and experimental advancements that collectively provide the first glimpses into the function of specific type IV subtypes. We also provide a bioinformatic and structural analysis of type IV-specific proteins within the context of multi-subunit (class 1) CRISPR systems, informing future studies aimed at elucidating the function of these cryptic systems.

En este trabajo se presentan resultados de un proyecto desarrollado dentro del Programa de Redes-I3CE de investigación en docencia universitaria del Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de Alicante (UA). El diseño inicial del proyecto contemplaba una experiencia educativa consistente en realizar una implementación piloto del sistema STACK en asignaturas de Matemáticas de primer curso en distintas titulaciones de Ingeniería impartidas en la Escuela Politécnica Superior (EPS) de la UA, elaborando los materiales de autoaprendizaje y autoevaluación adecuados para los contenidos de las distintas asignaturas y evaluando la respuesta del alumnado participante en la experiencia. Se ha realizado una instalación de Moodle con STACK en un servidor propio del Departamento de Matemática Aplicada de la UA. Las limitaciones temporales y de capacidad del servidor han limitado la experiencia al alumnado pendiente de realizar el examen extraordinario en la asignatura de matemáticas de primer semestre en el Grado en Ingeniería Biomédica. Se han elaborado cuestionarios en STACK como herramienta de estudio y preparación de las pruebas de evaluación, recogiendo y analizando la actividad y opinión del alumnado participante. Como resultado del proyecto, se ha iniciado desde la EPS la instalación de un nuevo servidor, que permitirá la incorporación para el próximo curso de este tipo de actividades en el desarrollo de asignaturas de distintas titulaciones de Ingeniería.

Las funciones sintácticas son etiquetas descriptivas de enorme tradición y utilidad en la enseñanza de la gramática. Pero las funciones sintácticas (nociones como sujeto, objeto directo u objeto indirecto) no son primitivos sintácticos, sino una compleja mezcla de sintaxis, morfología y semántica. Cuando se usan etiquetas descriptivas como si fueran primitivos teóricos, se corre el peligro de ocultar la relevancia de la estructura sintáctica en la determinación del sentido, así como la propia naturaleza jerárquica de dicha estructura. Esta práctica, además, tiende a convertir el análisis sintáctico en una tarea de asignación de etiquetas funcionales a ciertos constituyentes, una tarea que, aun siendo interesante, oculta el verdadero objetivo del análisis sintáctico: descubrir la estructura invisible que subyace a las cadenas de palabras que analizamos y los principios que la crean. La intención de este artículo es introducir de manera sencilla algunos descubrimientos sobre la sintaxis de las lenguas humanas de los últimos decenios con la intención de mostrar que transcender las llamadas funciones sintácticas en la docencia de Educación Secundaria y Bachillerato puede ser un paso adelante en la tarea de convertir la enseñanza y la práctica del análisis sintáctico en una tarea más atractiva y provechosa para los estudiantes., Les funcions sintàctiques són etiquetes descriptives de gran tradició i utilitat a l'ensenyament de la gramàtica. Però les funcions sintàctiques (nocions com a subjecte, objecte directe o objecte indirecte) no són primitius sintàctics, sinó una complexa barreja de sintaxi, morfologia i semàntica. Quan es fan servir etiquetes descriptives com si fossin primitius teòrics, es corre el perill d'ocultar la rellevància de l'estructura sintàctica en la determinació del sentit, així com la pròpia naturalesa jeràrquica d'aquesta estructura. Aquesta pràctica, a més, tendeix a convertir l'anàlisi sintàctica en una tasca d'assignació d'etiquetes funcionals a certs constituents, una tasca que, tot i ser interessant, amaga el veritable objectiu de l'anàlisi sintàctica: descobrir l'estructura invisible subjacent a les cadenes de paraules que analitzem i els principis que la creen. La intenció d'aquest article és introduir de manera senzilla alguns descobriments sobre la sintaxi de les llengües humanes dels darrers decennis amb la intenció de mostrar que transcendir les anomenades funcions sintàctiques a la docència d'Educació Secundària i Batxillerat pot ser un pas endavant en la tasca convertir l'ensenyament i la pràctica de l'anàlisi sintàctica en una tasca més atractiva i profitosa per als estudiants., Syntactic functions are traditional descriptive labels that are very useful in teaching grammar. But syntactic functions (notions such as subject, direct object, or indirect object) are not syntactic primitives, but a complex mix of syntax, morphology, and semantics. When descriptive labels are used as if they were theoretical primitives, there is a danger of concealing the relevance of syntactic structure in determining meaning, as well as its hierarchical nature. This practice tends to turn syntactic analysis into a task of assigning functional labels to certain constituents, a task that is not necessarily uninteresting, but that hides the true goal of syntactic analysis: discovering the invisible structure that underlies the word strings that we analyse, and the principles that create it. The objective of this article is to introduce in a simple way some recent discoveries on the syntax of human languages with the intention of showing that transcending so-called syntactic functions in pre-university teaching can be a step forward in the task of converting the teaching and practice of syntactic analysis into a more attractive and profitable task for students.

Type IV CRISPR systems encode CRISPR associated (Cas)-like proteins that combine with small RNAs to form multi-subunit ribonucleoprotein complexes. However, the lack of Cas nucleases, integrases, and other genetic features commonly observed in most CRISPR systems has made it difficult to predict type IV mechanisms of action and biological function. Here we summarize recent bioinformatic and experimental advancements that collectively provide the first glimpses into the function of specific type IV subtypes. We also provide a bioinformatic and structural analysis of type IV-specific proteins within the context of multi-subunit (class 1) CRISPR systems, informing future studies aimed at elucidating the function of these cryptic systems.

We conducted a time-series spectroscopical analysis on the Delta Scuti star b Cas, known for exhibiting only three independent pulsation frequencies, as a variable star. Our aim was to test wether or not the star presents more pulsation frequencies and pulsation modes besides those previously found in photometric studies. The analysis of mode identification is based on the Moment Method, despite the star being a fast rotator, taking into account previously determined stellar parameters. The analysis did not provide new frequencies, but the results are expectable taking into account previous work., by Ana-Maria Stanciu, Masterarbeit Universität Innsbruck 2021

Purpose of the article: The paper focuses on the potentials and benefits controlling provides for companies in the transition period towards industry 4.0. Operative production controlling provides data that shall be used in the future to apply the concept of smart factories. This article proposes a controlling archtitecture based on computer-aided standardization. Methodology/methods: The paper develops an architecture on operational production controlling based on an international literature review. Literature on controlling 4.0 are found mostly in publications in German language. While this literature has its focus on controlling as a whole or on strategic controlling, the paper has a look on operational controlling and its further usage and development towards smart factories. Scientific aim: The aim of this article is to develop a model of an operational production controlling architecture that is able to suite the requirements of smart factories by using computer-aided standarization. Findings: Research is working on concepts for industry 4.0 and its way towards real implementation. Competitive advantage in industry 4.0 is created through digitization and robotization. An architecture that fully complies to industry 4.0 is still waiting in real companies due to technical limitation in data storing, retrieval and processing as well as storage capacities. Conclusions: The paper discussed the devlopment of a controlling architecture suitable for industry 4.0. Already today controlling is making use of data. Smart factories shall make use of production data. Production controlling together with the CAS, that is able to provide standardized data on all manufacturing, maintenance, and auxiliary processes, systems are able to make a step forward towards smart factories. The concept of production controlling combined with the strengths of a CAS may be seen as the basis from which to target smart factories and industry 4.0.

Background:: Previous studies have shown better pain reduction utilizing femoral nerve block (FNB) in patients who underwent hip fracture surgery. However, few studies have focused on the recovery of physical function after FNB, and most studies excluded patients with dementia. We investigated the association between FNB performed in the operating room and the recovery of physical function after hip fracture surgery, including patients with dementia. Methods: A total of 103 patients with a mean age of 87.4 years who underwent hip fracture surgery under spinal anesthesia between July 2015 and December 2017 (46 patients receiving a single injection of FNB and 57 standard care) were enrolled. Patients with FNB versus standard care were matched by a propensity score to adjust for patient characteristics. An anesthesiologist performed FNB with 20ml of 0.2% ropivacaine, and the standard care group received intravenous 1000 mg acetaminophen or 50mg flurbiprofen once after surgery. After matching, 78 patients were analyzed. Our primary outcome was 3-day cumulated ambulation score (CAS, 0-18 points) and secondary outcomes were 1-day CAS on postoperative day 1-3 and length of hospital stay. We also stratified patient groups based on the presence of dementia and fracture type. Results: Patients undergoing FNB had significantly better 3-day CAS compared to standard care (mean [SD], 8.72 [3.42] vs 7.33 [2.62]; mean difference, 1.38 [95%CI; 0.03 - 2.74]; p = 0.048) and 1-day CAS on postoperative day two (mean [SD], 3.10 [1.39] vs 2.56 [0.94]; mean difference, 0.54 [0.01 - 1.07]; p = 0.049). Length of hospital stay did not significantly differ among the two groups (p = 0.65). Larger positive effect was likely to be seen for patients with a femoral neck fractures and for those without dementia. Conclusions: Patients who underwent surgery with spinal anesthesia plus FNB had better ambulatory status early after hip fracture surgery compared to patients not offered FNB. The benefic

Na dospávací jednotce je péče zaměřena především na sledování vitálních funkcí, řešení pooperačních komplikací a zvládnutí pacientovy bolesti. Léčba akutní pooperační bolesti minimalizuje pacientovo utrpení, usnadňuje rychlejší zotavení a časnější propuštění z nemocnice. Hlavním cílem tohoto šetření bylo zjistit, kolik minut po přijetí pacienta z operačního sálu na dospávací jednotku byla poprvé hodnocena jeho bolest. Dalšími cíli bylo zjistit, zda je čas hodnocení bolesti v souladu s platnou směrnicí zdravotnického zařízení a zjistit rozdíl mezi daty z roku 2017 a 2018. Šlo o ad-hoc šetření s kvantitativním designem. Byla provedena analýza směrnic zdravotnického zařízení a záznamů ze zdravotnické dokumentace dospělých hospitalizovaných pacientů. V roce 2017 byla v 90,49 % bolest hodnocena do 15 minut (včetně), což je v souladu se směrnicí zdravotnického zařízení. V souboru dat se vyskytly i hodnoty 20–60 minut. Tyto údaje jsou v neshodě se směrnicí a považujeme je za neetické ve vztahu k pacientovi. V roce 2018 došlo po intervencích manažerky oddělení k výraznému zlepšení. Bolest byla poprvé hodnocena do 15 minut (včetně) v 99,64 %, což je také v souladu se směrnicí., In the post-anaesthesia care unit, care is focused primarily on monitoring vital signs, solving postoperative complications and managing the patient's pain. Treatment of acute postoperative pain minimizes patient suffering, facilitates faster recovery and early hospital discharge. The main aim was to find out how many minutes after admission of the patient from the operating room to the post-anaesthesia care unit his pain was evaluated for the first time. The other aims were to determine whether the time of pain assessment was in compliance with the current medical facility directive and to find out the difference between 2017 and 2018. It was an ad-hoc survey with a quantitative design. An analysis of the medical facility guidelines and records from the medical records of adult hospitalized patients was performed. In 2017, 90.49% of the pain was evaluated within 15 minutes (including), which is in accordance with the medical facility directive. There were also 20-60 minutes in the dataset. These data are in conflict with the Directive and are considered unethical to the patient. In 2018, there was a significant improvement after interventions by the department manager. Pain was first assessed within 15 minutes (including) at 99.64%, which is also in line with the Directive.

Background: Rituximab (RTX), a chimeric human-murine anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, has been used for treatment of active moderate-severe Graves' orbitopathy (GO) since 2004 as second-line therapy in patients unresponsive to intravenous steroids. We conducted an open-label prospective study (EUDRACT 2012-001980-53) in which patients were treated with a single infusion of only 100 mg RTX to analyze the efficacy and safety of this low dose. Methods: Seventeen patients, of whom nine had disease that was unresponsive to intravenous methylprednisolone and eight with newly diagnosed GO, were enrolled. Disease activity was assessed with the clinical activity score (CAS) and severity with a composite ophthalmic score. Long-term surgical treatment and quality of life were also assessed, as well as treatment-related adverse events. Results: Mean baseline CAS was 4.56 ± 0.96 and decreased to 1.25 ± 1.14 at 24 weeks (p = 0.001). Disease inactivation occurred within 24 weeks in >90% of patients and was unrelated to disease duration. Severity improved in about 60% of patients, with no relapses. All patients showed peripheral depletion of CD20+ and CD19+ cells at the end of RTX infusion (60 minutes). Two patients required surgical orbital decompression because of optic neuropathy (ON). Among adverse events observed, there was one patient who developed a cytokine release syndrome. Conclusions: A dose of 100 mg RTX is effective in patients with active moderate-severe GO. Low doses are better tolerated, expose patients to immune suppression for a shorter period of time, and are extremely cost effective, compared with higher doses. This dose, consistently with all other immunosuppressants, does not prevent the progression of GO to dysthyroid ON.

Purpose of the article: The paper focuses on the potentials and benefits controlling provides for companies in the transition period towards industry 4.0. Operative production controlling provides data that shall be used in the future to apply the concept of smart factories. This article proposes a controlling archtitecture based on computer-aided standardization. Methodology/methods: The paper develops an architecture on operational production controlling based on an international literature review. Literature on controlling 4.0 are found mostly in publications in German language. While this literature has its focus on controlling as a whole or on strategic controlling, the paper has a look on operational controlling and its further usage and development towards smart factories. Scientific aim: The aim of this article is to develop a model of an operational production controlling architecture that is able to suite the requirements of smart factories by using computer-aided standarization. Findings: Research is working on concepts for industry 4.0 and its way towards real implementation. Competitive advantage in industry 4.0 is created through digitization and robotization. An architecture that fully complies to industry 4.0 is still waiting in real companies due to technical limitation in data storing, retrieval and processing as well as storage capacities. Conclusions: The paper discussed the devlopment of a controlling architecture suitable for industry 4.0. Already today controlling is making use of data. Smart factories shall make use of production data. Production controlling together with the CAS, that is able to provide standardized data on all manufacturing, maintenance, and auxiliary processes, systems are able to make a step forward towards smart factories. The concept of production controlling combined with the strengths of a CAS may be seen as the basis from which to target smart factories and industry 4.0.

The recent introduction of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR associated protein (Cas) systems, offer an array of genome and transcriptome editing tools for clinical repair strategies. These include Cas9, Cas12a, dCas9 and more recently Cas13 effectors. RNA targeting CRISPR-Cas13 complexes show unique characteristics with the capability to engineer transcriptomes and modify gene expression, providing a potential clinical cancer therapy tool across various tissue types. Cas13 effectors such as RNA base editing for A to I replacement allows for precise transcript modification. Further applications of Cas13a highlights its capability of producing rapid diagnostic results in a mobile platform. This review will focus on the adaptions of existing CRISPR-Cas systems, along with new Cas effectors for transcriptome or RNA modifications used in disease modelling and gene therapy for haematological malignancy. We also address the current diagnostic and therapeutic potential of CRISPR-Cas systems for personalised haematological malignancy.

All across the country, officials and planners of the first-responder community plan for events of various types, yet their plans do not adequately account for crowd behavior when the event is interrupted by an act of violence that turns into a mass-casualty incident, or a “focus event.” This research contests early crowd psychology studies and presents the contemporary social identity theory, elaborated social identity model, and emergence model as better lenses for crowd behavior in responding to a focus event. Case studies of the 2013 Boston Marathon bombing and the 2017 Las Vegas mass shooting are used to analyze crowds that experienced focus events through the perspective of complex adaptive systems. A new framework that incorporates the elements of stress, panic, chaos, and priming is then presented to assist officials and planners with planning for crowds experiencing a focus event, with the aim of leveraging crowd emergence. The new framework presented in this research leads to a set of actionable recommendations for policymakers and planners. Ultimately, this thesis challenges officials and planners of the first-responder community to evaluate crowds as complex adaptive systems and explore the ability to leverage crowds for a more effective response., Civilian, Las Vegas Fire & Rescue, Approved for public release. distribution is unlimited

En este trabajo se presentan resultados de un proyecto desarrollado dentro del Programa de Redes-I3CE de investigación en docencia universitaria del Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de Alicante (UA). El diseño inicial del proyecto contemplaba una experiencia educativa consistente en realizar una implementación piloto del sistema STACK en asignaturas de Matemáticas de primer curso en distintas titulaciones de Ingeniería impartidas en la Escuela Politécnica Superior (EPS) de la UA, elaborando los materiales de autoaprendizaje y autoevaluación adecuados para los contenidos de las distintas asignaturas y evaluando la respuesta del alumnado participante en la experiencia. Se ha realizado una instalación de Moodle con STACK en un servidor propio del Departamento de Matemática Aplicada de la UA. Las limitaciones temporales y de capacidad del servidor han limitado la experiencia al alumnado pendiente de realizar el examen extraordinario en la asignatura de matemáticas de primer semestre en el Grado en Ingeniería Biomédica. Se han elaborado cuestionarios en STACK como herramienta de estudio y preparación de las pruebas de evaluación, recogiendo y analizando la actividad y opinión del alumnado participante. Como resultado del proyecto, se ha iniciado desde la EPS la instalación de un nuevo servidor, que permitirá la incorporación para el próximo curso de este tipo de actividades en el desarrollo de asignaturas de distintas titulaciones de Ingeniería.

The doping case of Australian swimmer Shayna Jack has captured the attention of the Australian public. After testing positive to the prohibited substance Ligandrol in July 2019, Jack has endured the ignominy that accompanies an anti-doping rule violation (ADRV) under Swimming Australia’s Anti-Doping Policy 2015. In November 2020, Jack had an initial sanction of a four-year period of ineligibility reduced to two years by a sole arbitrator in the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS), on the basis that the ingestion of the prohibited substance was not intentional. Subsequently, both the World Anti-Doping Agency and Sport Integrity Australia have lodged an appeal with the CAS against the decision to reduce the period of ineligibility. This article analyses the Shayna Jack decision and identifies legal principles that may need clarification by a CAS appeal tribunal. The authors ultimately conclude that an appeal against Shayna Jack’s reduced sanction is unlikely to succeed, due to the cumulative effect of factors unique to her case.

The Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) was established in the 1980s following an increased demand for an arbitration tribunal to handle all sports-related disputes. The Court of Arbitration for Sport was introduced and has since its inception delivered a large number of decisions within the world of sports. The subject of the paper is to describe how CAS operates as an institution and analyze whether the process before the arbitration court meets the requirements of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). Selected criteria in Article 6 (1) ECHR have been discussed and analyzed in order to establish to what extent CAS actually meets the requirements. Article 6 (1) ECHR grants a right to judicial proceedings, including guarantees to protect the right to a fair trial. CAS operates as an arbitration court under Swiss law and must uphold the requirements set by ECHR. Article 6 (1) ECHR entitles everyone to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal established by law. During the years as an active arbitration court, CAS has been subject to some criticism. The criticism has mainly been focused on whether the process in CAS meets the requirements set for a fair trial in Article 6 (1) ECHR. A fair amount of CAS decisions have been challenged on procedural grounds to the Swiss federal tribunal (SFT) and a couple have reached all the way to the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). The essay concludes that CAS to some extent has procedural deficiencies in relation to Article 6 (1) ECHR. The examination more importantly gives evidence for how every time either SFT or ECtHR has directed criticism of the arbitral tribunal, CAS has been responsive and changed its rules. This indicates a willingness and flexibility to coordinate the process in order to maintain, as far as possible, the European Convention on Human Right’s guarantees to protect a fair trial., Idrottens skiljedomstol inrättades på 1980-talet efter en ökad efterfrågan på ett domstolsorgan som kunde döma i samtliga idrottsrelaterade tvister. The Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) blev produkten och har sedan dess begynnelse dömt i ett stort antal tvister inom idrottsvärlden. Den här uppsatsen syftar till att redogöra för hur CAS verksamhet fungerar samt utreda huruvida processen inför skiljedomstolen uppfyller de i Europa-konventionen ställda garantierna. Utvalda kriterier i artikel 6 (1) EKMR har diskuterats och analyserats för att utröna i vilken mån CAS faktiskt tillgodoser kraven. Europakonventionens artikel 6 (1) innehåller grundläggande rättssäkerhetsgarantier för att skydda rätten till en rättvis rättegång. CAS lyder som domstolsorgan under schweizisk lag och ska även upprätthålla de krav som EKMR ställer. Inom ramen för artikel 6 (1) EKMR föreligger en rätt för var och en att få tillgång till en rättvis och offentlig rättegång inför en oavhängig och opartisk domstol som upprättats enligt lag. Under åren som verksam skiljedomstol har CAS varit föremål för viss kritik. Kritiken har främst tagit sikte på huruvida processen i CAS uppfyller de krav som ställs i artikel 6 (1) EKMR. Flera av CAS skiljedomar har klandrats till schweizisk domstol, SFT, och ett par har nått hela vägen upp till Europa-domstolen. Föreliggande arbete visar på flertalet genom åren processuella brister hos CAS. Utredningen visar även hur CAS varje gång en högre instans har riktat kritik mot skiljedomstolen varit lyhörd och ändrat sitt regelverk. Detta tyder på en vilja och flexibilitet att samordna processen för att i största möjliga mån upprätthålla Europakonventionens rättssäkerhetsgarantier.

Diplomová práce je zaměřena na problematiku kompetencí všeobecné sestry. Tato práce se skládá z části teoretické a empirické. Teoretická část se zabývá definováním pojmu kompetence v ošetřovatelství, vzděláváním všeobecné sestry, vymezením aktuální legislativy vzdělávání a kompetencí všeobecné sestry, aktuálním stavem problematiky v ČR a zkušenostmi ze zahraničí. Průzkumná část se zabývá analýzou průzkumného šetření, které probíhalo pomocí polostrukturovaného rozhovoru. Cílem průzkumu bylo zjistit zkušenosti všeobecných sester s plněním svých kompetencí v praxi a názory všeobecných sester na návrh rozšířených kompetencí České asociace sester (ČAS)., The diploma thesis is focused on the issue of competencies of a general nurse. This work consists of theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part deals with the definition of the concept of competence in nursing, education of general nurses, the definition of current legislation in the field of education and competencies of general nurses, the current situation in the Czech Republic and experience from abroad. The exploratory part deals with the analysis of the survey, which was conducted using a semi-structured interview. The aim of the survey was to find out the experience of general nurses with the fulfillment of their competencies in practice and the opinions of general nurses on the proposal of extended competencies of Czech Association of Nurses (CAN)., Fakulta zdravotnických studií, Hodnocení vedoucího: výborně Hodnocení oponenta: výborně Doplňující otázky k obhajobě: 1. Jak by se podle Vás dalo předcházet problematice neznalosti vlastních kompetenci u všeobecných sester?> 2. V diskuzi uvádíte výzkum autorky Popelkové, která se zabývala metodikou hodnotících škál, kdy pouze tři z 58 používaných škál vyšly jako validní. Pro zajímavost uveďte, o jaké tři škály se jedná? Obhajoba diplomové práce s prezentací výborná., Dokončená práce s úspěšnou obhajobou

Raman spectroscopy has features such as its relatively easy sample preparation. Therefore, its application plays a role in nonmetallic inclusion studies. Herein, use of Raman spectroscopy to quantify multiphase synthetic inclusion mixtures consisting of C12A7, CA, C3A, CaS, and MgO.Al2O3 is assessed. Partial least squares (PLS) regression is used to obtain a calibration model, and enhancement of the model performance is done using standard normal variate (SNV). From the calibration model, the root mean standard error (RMSE) in cross‐validation (RMSECV) values range between 3.82 and 6.13 wt%, the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) is within 2.0–4.04 wt%, and the R² value is between 0.93 and 0.99 for estimating the phases based on SNV Raman data. The raw Raman spectra data have RMSECV values between 9.83 and 16.46 wt%, the RMSEP ranges between 9.41 and 15.33 wt%, and R² is estimated within 0.71–0.95. The PLS regression has a satisfactory prediction performance with a high range error ratio (RER) and ratio of prediction‐to‐deviation (RPD) values for SNV Raman data. Herein, the use of Raman spectroscopy and a calibration model to quantify the specific phase in a multiphase synthetic inclusion mixture in CaO–Al₂O₃–MgO–CaS system are demonstrated.

En el present treball de fi de màster és recull la justificació pedagògica d'un projecte ABP multidisciplinari orientat al curs de quart d'ESO. Inicialment, hi ha l'anàlisi de les teories més importants de l'aprenentatge (Conductisme, Cognitivisme i Constructivisme). Com a docent, veure els diferents punts de vista de com aprenem i com el cervell assimila els conceptes ens dona una base científica que ens ajuda a preparar les sessions i treballs futurs per els nostres alumnes. Seguint la filosofia del constructivisme, es fa recerca de diferents metodologies d'aprenentatge actiu i es proposa un projecte (ABP) multidisciplinari. Per fer l'elecció de l'objecte a construir s'ha fet una cerca dins dels continguts curriculars de cada assignatura de quart d'ESO. Treballar en un projecte multidisciplinari en un institut implica crear nous vincles entre docents i alumnes, per altra banda és reforça el pensament en que totes les assignatures son importants per assolir-lo. Per poder dur a terme aquest projecte multidisciplinari cada docent haurà de preparar la seva programació didàctica i l'avaluació del projecte per part de la seva assignatura. Per tant, en el TFM s'explicarà en trets generals les parts de les assignatures que es poden incloure i en el meu cas, com a docent de tecnologia incloure amb més profunditat la programació didàctica, les diferents parts del projecte ABP i l'avaluació.

Abstrakt Předkládaná studie interpretuje význam času v díle francouzského filosofa Jacquesa Rancièra Les Temps modernes (2018). Čas zde znamená způsob uspořádávání živého a současně skladbu vyprávění, které formu strukturace živého distribuuje. Takto pojatý čas představuje politikum, což se ozřejmuje na způsobu práce s časem rozdílných vyprávění. Rancière se zaměřuje na marxismus a současnou historiografii. Kořeny obou diskurzivních praxí zasazuje do moderny jakožto období definovaného zrušením hierarchie časů (zrovnoprávněním časových forem) a zkoumá, nakolik se obě svých kořenů drží. Druhá polovina studie se věnuje Rancièrovým analýzám toho, jak se zrovnoprávnění časů odráží v moderním umění. Rekapituluje Rancièrovy rozbory vybraných moderních děl, v nichž umění — vzhledem k užitým formám vyprávění — představuje až jakýsi konkurenční nárok vůči politice. Autorka okrajově reflektuje také jiné Rancièrovy texty., Summary Time in Jacques Rancière’s “Les Temps modernes” This paper interprets the meaning of time in the French philosopher Jacques Rancière’s 2018 work, Les Temps modernes (2018). Time here means the manner of organizing the living and at the same time the composition of the narrative, whose form is distributed by the structuration of the living. Time conceived in this way constitutes a political matter, which is becomes clear in the manner of working with the time of different narratives. Rancière focuses on Marxism and present-day historiography. He places the roots of both discursive practices in the modern period, which was defined by the abolition of the hierarchy of times (emancipation of time forms), and examines the degree to which their roots have endured. The second half of the study is devoted to Rancière’s analyzes of how the emancipation of time is reflected in modern art. It reviews Rancière’s analyzes of selected modern works, in which art — on account of the forms of narrative used — can even constitute a kind of competitive claim to politics. The author also tangentially addresses other of Rancière’s texts., Résumé Le temps dans « Les Temps modernes » de Jacques Rancière Notre étude essaye d’interpréter ce que veut dire l’utilisation de la notion du temps dans l’ouvrage de Jacques Rancière, Les Temps modernes (2018). Le temps signifie ici la manière d’agencement simultané du vivant et du récit qui distribue l’architecture du vivant. Le temps ainsi conçu représente le politique, ce qui se manifeste par les manières du travail avec le temps de récits différents. Rancière se tourne vers le marxisme et vers l’historiographie contemporaine en trouvant les racines de ces deux pratiques discursives dans la modernité comprise comme la période temporelle définie par l’abolition des hiérarchies des temps (par l’émancipation des formes temporelles). Il examine aussi à quel point les deux pratiques arrivent à maintenir leurs racines. Rancière dans la seconde partie examine le reflet de l’émancipation des temps dans l’art moderne en récapitulant ses propres analyses des oeuvres modernes choisies dans lesquelles l’art — par rapport aux formes utilisées par des récits — représente presque une concurrence pour la politique. L’auteure reflète partiellement d’autres textes de Rancière aussi.

By establishing de facto precedents, the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) exercises considerable influence of over the regulatory framework governing sports, and therefore sports itself, on a global scale. CAS is however not a traditional, policy-based regulatory body and the normative changes it brings about is a function of the cases and arguments put before it and the men and women acting as arbitrators. This article explores whether, to what extent, and in what way the Nordics influence CAS.

The paper examined the role of information provision by librarians for the healthcare of depressed and non-depressed people. The objectives examined include: identifying the factors causing depression, examination of various ways in which librarians support healthcare givers and care of the depressed people with useful information. A literature search was carried out using online databases and general google search (Sciencedirect, Scopus, Jstor and Google Scholar, Jstor and general google search). The paper concludes that provision of relevant, accurate and current information promotes greater awareness and understanding among the depressed and delivery of quality healthcare. The paper recommends that government should introduce policies that encourages healthcare organizations and institutions to build special library collections that will address the information needs of depressed and non-depressed employees. The active involvement of government is also key for the establishment of community libraries that will provide health information resources to the public members.

Kea Kühnel, BSc, OLY, Universität Innsbruck, Masterarbeit, 2020, (VLID)5337327

The Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) was established in the 1980s following an increased demand for an arbitration tribunal to handle all sports-related disputes. The Court of Arbitration for Sport was introduced and has since its inception delivered a large number of decisions within the world of sports. The subject of the paper is to describe how CAS operates as an institution and analyze whether the process before the arbitration court meets the requirements of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). Selected criteria in Article 6 (1) ECHR have been discussed and analyzed in order to establish to what extent CAS actually meets the requirements. Article 6 (1) ECHR grants a right to judicial proceedings, including guarantees to protect the right to a fair trial. CAS operates as an arbitration court under Swiss law and must uphold the requirements set by ECHR. Article 6 (1) ECHR entitles everyone to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal established by law. During the years as an active arbitration court, CAS has been subject to some criticism. The criticism has mainly been focused on whether the process in CAS meets the requirements set for a fair trial in Article 6 (1) ECHR. A fair amount of CAS decisions have been challenged on procedural grounds to the Swiss federal tribunal (SFT) and a couple have reached all the way to the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). The essay concludes that CAS to some extent has procedural deficiencies in relation to Article 6 (1) ECHR. The examination more importantly gives evidence for how every time either SFT or ECtHR has directed criticism of the arbitral tribunal, CAS has been responsive and changed its rules. This indicates a willingness and flexibility to coordinate the process in order to maintain, as far as possible, the European Convention on Human Right’s guarantees to protect a fair trial., Idrottens skiljedomstol inrättades på 1980-talet efter en ökad efterfrågan på ett domstolsorgan som kunde döma i samtliga idrottsrelaterade tvister. The Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) blev produkten och har sedan dess begynnelse dömt i ett stort antal tvister inom idrottsvärlden. Den här uppsatsen syftar till att redogöra för hur CAS verksamhet fungerar samt utreda huruvida processen inför skiljedomstolen uppfyller de i Europa-konventionen ställda garantierna. Utvalda kriterier i artikel 6 (1) EKMR har diskuterats och analyserats för att utröna i vilken mån CAS faktiskt tillgodoser kraven. Europakonventionens artikel 6 (1) innehåller grundläggande rättssäkerhetsgarantier för att skydda rätten till en rättvis rättegång. CAS lyder som domstolsorgan under schweizisk lag och ska även upprätthålla de krav som EKMR ställer. Inom ramen för artikel 6 (1) EKMR föreligger en rätt för var och en att få tillgång till en rättvis och offentlig rättegång inför en oavhängig och opartisk domstol som upprättats enligt lag. Under åren som verksam skiljedomstol har CAS varit föremål för viss kritik. Kritiken har främst tagit sikte på huruvida processen i CAS uppfyller de krav som ställs i artikel 6 (1) EKMR. Flera av CAS skiljedomar har klandrats till schweizisk domstol, SFT, och ett par har nått hela vägen upp till Europa-domstolen. Föreliggande arbete visar på flertalet genom åren processuella brister hos CAS. Utredningen visar även hur CAS varje gång en högre instans har riktat kritik mot skiljedomstolen varit lyhörd och ändrat sitt regelverk. Detta tyder på en vilja och flexibilitet att samordna processen för att i största möjliga mån upprätthålla Europakonventionens rättssäkerhetsgarantier.

Work in yeast models has benefitted tremendously from the insertion of epitope or fluorescence tags at the native gene locus to study protein function and behavior under physiological conditions. In contrast, work in mammalian cells largely relies on overexpression of tagged proteins because high-quality antibodies are only available for a fraction of the mammalian proteome. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing has recently emerged as a powerful genome-modifying tool that can also be exploited to insert various tags and fluorophores at gene loci to study the physiological behavior of proteins in most organisms, including mammals. Here we describe a versatile toolset for rapid tagging of endogenous proteins. The strategy utilizes CRISPR/Cas9 and microhomology-mediated end joining repair for efficient tagging. We provide tools to insert 3×HA, His6FLAG, His6-Biotin-TEV-RGSHis6, mCherry, GFP, and the auxin-inducible degron tag for compound-induced protein depletion. This approach and the developed tools should greatly facilitate functional analysis of proteins in their native environment.

The paper deals with the possibilities of using specialized (virtual labs and simulators, software for natural process simulation) and general (programming languages and libraries, spreadsheets, CAS) software in school researches.Such software as virtual labs, software for natural process simulation, programming languages and libraries in school researches can be used to simulate phenomena that cannot be learned in a school lab (for example, for modeling a radioactive decay or for demonstrating the states of relativistic mechanics). Also, virtual labs in school practice are usually used in those cases where students cannot perform an experiment in real labs. For example, it is convenient for distance learning.The using of programming languages and libraries in physics learning research requires both students’ physics research competencies and programming competencies. That is why using this software in physics classes can hardly be recommended. However, programming languages and libraries can become a powerful tool for the formation and development of research competencies of physics students in extracurricular learning activities.The implementation of the spreadheets and the CAS in school physics researches is the easiest and has its benefits.

The paper deals with the possibilities of using specialized (virtual labs and simulators, software for natural process simulation) and general (programming languages and libraries, spreadsheets, CAS) software in school researches.Such software as virtual labs, software for natural process simulation, programming languages and libraries in school researches can be used to simulate phenomena that cannot be learned in a school lab (for example, for modeling a radioactive decay or for demonstrating the states of relativistic mechanics). Also, virtual labs in school practice are usually used in those cases where students cannot perform an experiment in real labs. For example, it is convenient for distance learning.The using of programming languages and libraries in physics learning research requires both students’ physics research competencies and programming competencies. That is why using this software in physics classes can hardly be recommended. However, programming languages and libraries can become a powerful tool for the formation and development of research competencies of physics students in extracurricular learning activities.The implementation of the spreadheets and the CAS in school physics researches is the easiest and has its benefits.

“Tue Gutes und sprich darüber”, lautet eine weit verbreitete Maxime. Wie man das am besten anstellt, vermittelt ein neuer CAS-Lehrgang der School of Management and Law.

A study was undertaken to identify conserved proteins that are encoded adjacent to cas gene cassettes of Type III CRISPR-Cas (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats – CRISPR associated) interference modules. Type III modules have been shown to target and degrade dsDNA, ssDNA and ssRNA and are frequently intertwined with cofunctional accessory genes, including genes encoding CRISPR-associated Rossman Fold (CARF) domains. Using a comparative genomics approach, and defining a Type III association score accounting for coevolution and specificity of flanking genes, we identified and classified 39 new Type III associated gene families. Most archaeal and bacterial Type III modules were seen to be flanked by several accessory genes, around half of which did not encode CARF domains and remain of unknown function. Northern blotting and interference assays in Synechocystis confirmed that one particular non-CARF accessory protein family was involved in crRNA maturation. Non-CARF accessory genes were generally diverse, encoding nuclease, helicase, protease, ATPase, transporter and transmembrane domains with some encoding no known domains. We infer that additional families of non-CARF accessory proteins remain to be found. The method employed is scalable for potential application to metagenomic data once automated pipelines for annotation of CRISPR-Cas systems have been developed. All accessory genes found in this study are presented online in a readily accessible and searchable format for researchers to audit their model organism of choice: http://accessory.crispr.dk.