Search

Sweden’s strategy during COVID-19 with restrictions but no firm closure of the society surprised the rest of the world and was questioned, not least by neighbouring countries. This article analyses public discourses on space and place for health and care in the Swedish daily press during the first year of the pandemic, 2020. Critical discourse analysis was conducted on daily press newspaper articles to approach issues of space, place, health and care during the COVID-10 pandemic. The findings suggest three main discourses. First, a powerful discourse on unity against the threat is articulated, urging citizens in Sweden to be loyal in the national space. Secondly, an affirming national reconstructing discourse is manifested, related to constructions of borders of national space but also in relation to places of family life and social contacts to ‘flatten the curve’ and stay healthy. Thirdly, later in the period the overarching discourse of the nation and its loyal citizens was torn apart and increasing tensions were articulated due to, as it appeared, the uncertain actions from the government. This study adds to the literature on a theoretical and practical level. Raising awareness on nationalist discourses in relation to place, space, health, and care could prove important in combating inequalities in the local society as well as when cooperating on an international level.

Due to urbanization and growing density in cities in the past century, metrics were introduced to assess daylight performance such as minimum sunlight hours and the daylight factor. The paper initially explores the shortcomings of early-stage daylight and sunlight evaluation methods. A novel methodology called Sunlight Autonomy (SA) is proposed for evaluating sunlight performance in buildings. The SA is based on the “Exposure to sunlight” criteria in EN 170307 “Daylight in Buildings,” where a computational method is used for the evaluation on a specified day. The SA concept expands the analysis temporally over the entire year, and spatially on building facades, leading to new metrics for a point of evaluation, and spatial metrics for buildings. The SA methodology is analyzed in a case study across four European cities. The SA metrics on facades between February 1st and March 21st, days in EN 17037, led to differences up to 63%. This revealed a significant shortcoming in EN 17037, relevant for Nordic regions. The differences of spatial metrics between March 21st and 50% of the year were within 5%, and up to 33% between February 1st and 75% of the year. The timestep affects the metrics and a window evaluation showed that the error of a 10-minute analysis was within 5% of daily insolation and 5 days for the annual SA. The potential of these metrics for urban planning and the architectural design process is examined. The interaction between SA and EN 17037, as well as other ongoing research developments, is discussed., QC 20240226

Objective: This scoping review investigates the status of research focusing on the nexu of community action, climate change, and health and wellbeing in anglophone Caribbean Small Island Developing States (SIDS). Methods: This review was guided by Arksey and O’Malley framework and utilized the PRISMA-ScR checklist. We searched Medline/OVID, PsychInfo, VHL, Sociological Abstracts, Google Scholar, and Scopus to capture interdisciplinary studies published from 1946 to 2021. Results: The search yielded 3,828 records of which fourteen studies met the eligibility criteria. The analysis assessed study aim, geographic focus, community stakeholders, community action, climate perspective, health impact, as well as dimensions including resources/assets, education/information, organization and governance, innovation and flexibility, and efficacy and agency. Nearly all studies were case studies using mixed method approaches involving qualitative and quantitative data. Community groups organized around focal areas related to fishing, farming, food security, conservation, and the environment. Conclusion: Despite the bearing these areas have on public health, few studies explicitly examine direct links between health and climate change. Research dedicated to the nexus of community action, climate change, and health in the anglophone Caribbean warrants further study., This research was supported by the Research Council of Norway [Project Number 312046] and the UK’s Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) [Grant Number NE/T013656/1] under the Belmont Forum’s transdisciplinary Collaborative Research Action on Climate, Environment and Health.

The CHemical Exposure and Children’s Health (CHECH) study is an ongoing pregnancy cohort study in Tianjin, China. This paper describes the background, aim and the study design, which can be followed by future researchers to design and conduct similar studies. The abundance and the potential adverse health outcomes of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is concerning. More notably, developing fetuses and infants are more vulnerable to EDCs exposure. The CHECH study aims to investigate the importance of early life exposure to multiple EDCs (phthalates and their metabolites, bisphenol A and their substitutes, perfluorinated compounds and poly brominated diphenyl ethers) for multiple health outcomes in Chinese children, namely sexual development, neurodevelopment, metabolism and growth, as well as asthma and allergy. A total of 2238 pregnant women were recruited in Tianjin from May 2017 to April 2021 with a response rate of 90 %. Among these women, 2255 children were born with available information, including 47 pairs of twins. Urine samples were collected from pregnant women and children, while air and dust samples were obtained from the home environment during pregnancy and infancy periods. Information on children’s health was gathered through physical examinations and questionnaires. The CHECH study, which collected exposure information and health outcomes at multiple time points, will contribute to the understanding of prenatal exposure to EDCs and their impact on children’s health, thereby facilitating the development of risk assessments aimed at reducing exposure and associated health risks.

To understand health and well-being in later life, it is vital to consider the meaning of subjective aging. This study aimed to explore how perceived health, self-perceptions of aging, and participation in social activities relate to each other among older persons in the Bothnia region and Åland islands in Finland. Data were analyzed using Spearman’s and polychoric correlation and multinomial logistic regression analyses. The perceived good health and the younger physical, psychological, and social dimensions of subjective age were found to be associated with each other and with participation in social activities outside one's home.

Background: Type 2-Diabetes is a widespread global health problem affecting approximately 10.5% of the adult population aged 20–79 years. The disease is characterized by insulin resistance, affects the body's regulation of blood sugar levels, and can lead to serious complications such as microangiopathy. The quality of life for people with type 2 diabetes is closely linked to how the disease affects their everyday life. In order to assess the adaptation to the disease and the management of its physical and psychological challenges, the persons experiences of quality of life are crucial. Aim: The aim is to investigate how people with type2 diabetes experience their quality of life. Method: The study was conducted as a literature-based study based on qualitative research. The databases Cinahl and PubMed were used to search for articles, of which 9 articles were selected for the results. The collected data was analyzed based on Friberg's (2017) five-step process to identify key findings. Results: Three main themes emerged: healthy lifestyle choices; challenges and success factors, factors that deteriorates the quality of life and factors that improves the quality of life that answered the purpose of the study. Conclusion: The results indicate that people with type 2 diabetes face challenges in disease management. In order to support these individuals and improve their quality of life, a holistic view and individual centered care is required., Syftet med detta examensarbete var att undersöka hur personer med diabetes typ 2 upplever sin livskvalitet. Resultatet pekade på att diabetes typ 2 medförde betydande hinder och utmaningar för de som lever med sjukdomen. Det framkom särskilda svårigheter relaterade till sjukdomsinformation och kunskapsinhämtning om diabetes typ 2. Även psykosociala aspekter presenterades där det erhölls att personer som lever med diabetes typ 2, upplevde mentala svårigheter och minskad sexuell lust. Det fanns även en positiv syn på livet med diabetes typ 2, där upplevda hälsofördelar utgjorde en betydande aspekt. Närstående, religion och spiritualitet uppgavs vara stödjande faktorer för att hantera vardagen med den kroniska sjukdomen diabetes typ 2. Detta bevisar att trots de påfrestningar som sjukdomen medför, fanns det en känsla av positivitet och möjlighet till förbättring av hälsan. Omkring 10,5% av den vuxna populationen 20–79 år har diabetes och över 90% av dem har diabetes typ 2. Diabetes typ 2 har länge varit en utmaning, och det är känt att livsstilsförändringar är nyckeln till en förbättrad hälsa. Men att tillämpa och bibehålla dessa förändringar kan vara påfrestande. Studien genomfördes i behovet av att förstå den upplevda livskvaliteten och de verkliga utmaningarna som människor med diabetes typ 2 står inför i sin vardag. Detta examensarbete utgår från en litteraturbaserad studie med grund i kvalitativ forskning. Kvalitativa artiklar valdes ut eftersom fokuset var att förstå personers upplevelser av livskvalitet. Begreppet livskvalitet handlar om en subjektiv upplevelse av sin livssituation, det kan inkludera det allmänna välbefinnandet samt fysisk och psykisk hälsa. Baserat på resultatet kan slutsatsen dras att det råder en brist på tillgänglig och förståelig information kring diabetes typ 2. Sjuksköterskor spelar en avgörande roll i vårdandet och stödet av patienter. För att skapa rätt förutsättningar för personer som lever med diabetes typ 2 finns det ett behov av att

Bakgrund: I Sverige vårdas patienter som är dömda till rättspsykiatrisk vård och den begränsade vårdmiljön inom rättspsykiatrin kan ha en negativ effekt på patienternas hälsa. Patienterna har förutom psykiatrisk problematik även ökad dödlighet, risk för somatisk sjukdom och fetma jämfört med övriga befolkningen. Patienterna gör ofta mindre hälsosamma val. Vårdpersonalen ställs ofta inför svårigheter med att utföra sitt vårdande uppdrag och att stärka patienternas hälsoprocesser samtidigt som de ska förhålla sig till säkerhet och patienternas tvångsvård. En ökad förståelse för vårdpersonalens hälsofrämjande arbete behövs för att stärka det hälsofrämjande omvårdnadsarbetet inom rättspsykiatrisk vård. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa hur vårdpersonal uppfattar och erfar hälsofrämjande arbete inom rättspsykiatrisk vård samt främjande och hämmande faktorer för detta arbete. Metod: En kvalitativ metod med induktiv ansats gjordes med fokusgrupper som metod för datainsamling. Två fokusgruppsintervjuer genomfördes. Deltagarna bestod av elva vårdpersonal. Fokusgruppintervjuerna analyserades genom kvalitativ innehållsanalys enligt Graneheim och Lundman.Resultat: Tio underkategorier bildade tre huvudkategorier. En stödjande vårdmiljö, En god vårdrelation och ett tålmodigt arbete samt Att inte alltid kunna hjälpa. Slutligen bildades ett övergripande tema: Ett outtröttligt arbete och engagemang trots hinder och utmaningar.Slutsats: Vårdpersonalens hälsofrämjande arbete sker med hjälp av stöd till fysisk aktivitet, meningsfull aktivitet samt ger kostråd. Detta är av särskild vikt då patienterna ofta har sämre hälsa. Genom att patienterna får välja hälsofrämjande aktivitet förstärks deras empowerment. Nyckeln för att kunna arbeta hälsofrämjande i en begränsad vårdmiljö är att skapa goda vårdrelationer. Vårdpersonal kan själva behöva stöd i att hantera att patienterna trots personalens arbete väljer att göra andra val., Background: In Sweden, forensic psychiatric patients, undergo treatment in confined environments that may adversely affect their health. In addition to psychiatric issues, patients have increased mortality, a heightened risk of somatic illness, and obesity compared to the general population. Patients often make less health-conscious choices. Nursing staff often confront difficulties in carrying out their caregiving mandates and reinforcing the health processes of patients, simultaneously navigating the imperative of ensuring safety and adhering to compulsory psychiatric care. An increased understanding of the health-promoting endeavours of healthcare professionals is required to fortify health-promotion initiatives within forensic psychiatric care.Aim: The aim of the study was to illuminate how nursing staff perceive and experience health-promoting work within forensic psychiatric care, as well as identifying facilitating and inhibiting factors for this work.Method: A qualitative inductive method used focus groups with eleven healthcare professionals. Interviews analysed qualitatively following Graneheim and Lundman´s method.Results: Ten subcategories formed three main categories: A supportive care environment, A good care relationship and patient-centered approach, and The challenge of not always being able to help. These main categories formed an overarching theme: Relentless work and commitment despite obstacles and challenges. Conclusion: Nursing staff promote health through support to physical activity, meaningful activity and dietary advice. This is crucial for compromised patient health. Empowering patients to choose health-promoting activities is key. Positive care relationships are crucial; inadequate knowledge in forensic psychiatry hinders healthpromotion work. Personnel might need support in handling patients, because despitehard work patients still make other choices.

Bakgrund: Nattarbete är väsentligt för att kunna bedriva hälso- och sjukvård dygnet runt. Hälsa är ett tillstånd av fullständigt mentalt, fysiskt och socialt välbefinnande och inte enbart frånvaro av sjukdom. Det finns vetenskaplig grund att skiftarbete stör kroppens naturliga dygnsrytm, vilket leder till trötthet, sömnlöshet och sömnapné. Sjuksköterskor behöver ha rätt förutsättningar för att bedriva patientsäker vård. Syfte: var att beskriva allmänsjuksköterskors upplevelser av nattarbete på sjukhus med avseende på egna hälsoeffekter. Metod: Litteraturöversikt med kvalitativ metod och induktiv ansats. Sökningen genomfördes i CINAHL och MEDLINE där 12 artiklar användes till resultatet. Resultat: Innefattar två teman: Upplevelsen av påverkat psykiskt och socialt välbefinnande och upplevelsen av påverkat fysiskt välbefinnande. Följt av sex subteman: att uppleva rädsla och oro, att uppleva social samhörighet och ansträngda relationer, att uppleva yrkesmässigt illa- och välbefinnande, att uppleva fysiska symtom, att uppleva trötthet och att uppleva stress, Sjuksköterskorna som arbetade natt upplevde både positiva och negativa effekter på hälsan. Slutsats: Resultatet påvisade att trötthet var en stor anledning till att hälsan påverkades vid nattarbete. Trötthet bidrog även till andra hälsoeffekter som oro, stress samt en påverkan på sociala relationer. Detta kunde i sin tur påverka patientsäkerheten.

Different social policies may impact on the effectiveness of one another, yet the existing results largely stem from macro-level studies and little is known about the actual character and importance of such policy complementarities. A more direct and potentially illuminating approach to studying complementarity is instead to investigate a specific group needing support from several policy areas. One such group is young people who are neither in employment nor in education and training (NEET), and the heterogeneous character of NEETs as well as the complexity and interrelatedness of their problems has been frequently emphasized. We study both the extent and character of policy complementarities vis-à-vis NEETs as well as the relationship between these polices and the local NEET rate. We use a mixed-methods approach in which a quantitative analysis of individual NEET risks using administrative data for the whole Swedish population provides the basis for a qualitative study among local representatives from organizations working with NEETs in 20 strategically selected municipalities. Using multiple informant methodology, we collected unique data on the organization of measures in the areas of education, employment, health and social services from local professionals representing the different policy areas. Analyses using fsQCA show that compared to municipalities with higher-than-expected NEET rates, municipalities with lower-than-expected NEET rates more often provide social welfare support measures, and to some extent also health support measures, and work with a reinforcement mechanism such as multi-professional teams. Policy complementary is thus a result of direct institutional design aiming to promote inter-sectoral coordination., Beyond good examples. Analyses of local variation in measures aimed at youth not in employment, education or training

We analyze whether field of study assigned at age 16 impacts mental health in adulthood. Using a regression discontinuity design that exploits GPA cut-offs, we find that admission to the preferred study field improves mental health, lowering both the incidence of antidepressant prescriptions and of mental health-related hospitalizations. Engineering contributes strongly but not uniquely to the positive results. As for mechanisms, earnings explain 40% of the estimates, but earlier proposed hypotheses based on school-age peer characteristics have little explanatory power. Our findings imply that restrictions on individuals’ choices, to improve human capi tal allocations, entail costs that may have been underestimated.

In her 2020 State of the Union address, the European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen announced a new legislative proposal to create a European Health Data Space. Its aim is to make electronic health data accessible in order to support healthcare delivery, health research, innovation, effective policymaking and regulation, and personalised medicine. This European Policy Analysis examines the Commission’s proposal and its implications for patients, healthcare providers, market actors and national administrations. The analysis shows that the Commission’s Proposal has significant potential benefits for a wide range of stakeholders. However, concerns still remain regarding aspects such as the empowerment of individuals in relation to their data, adjustments that will need to be made by the healthcare sector, incentives for innovation, and trust in EU governance. At the time of writing, the European Parliament and the Council have adopted their negotiating positions. However, a number of changes are likely to be introduced before the Commission’s Proposal is agreed and can be implemented in the Member States.

This review article examined perspectives on the well-being and health of older adults in Japan, a nation renowned for its longevity. We emphasized the impact of social capital and social relationships in local communities, considering both individual and societal factors. The prevailing values in Japanese culture tend to foster a sustained and stable form of interdependent happiness among older adults, suggesting that communal support systems play an important role. This article highlights the value of multi-level datasets, such as the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES) dataset, for understanding the influence of social participation on the health and well-being of older adults. A growing body of evidence underscores the central role of social relationships in the health and well-being of older adults.

Sweden’s strategy during COVID-19 with restrictions but no firm closure of the society surprised the rest of the world and was questioned, not least by neighbouring countries. This article analyses public discourses on space and place for health and care in the Swedish daily press during the first year of the pandemic, 2020. Critical discourse analysis was conducted on daily press newspaper articles to approach issues of space, place, health and care during the COVID-10 pandemic. The findings suggest three main discourses. First, a powerful discourse on unity against the threat is articulated, urging citizens in Sweden to be loyal in the national space. Secondly, an affirming national reconstructing discourse is manifested, related to constructions of borders of national space but also in relation to places of family life and social contacts to ‘flatten the curve’ and stay healthy. Thirdly, later in the period the overarching discourse of the nation and its loyal citizens was torn apart and increasing tensions were articulated due to, as it appeared, the uncertain actions from the government. This study adds to the literature on a theoretical and practical level. Raising awareness on nationalist discourses in relation to place, space, health, and care could prove important in combating inequalities in the local society as well as when cooperating on an international level.

The CHemical Exposure and Children’s Health (CHECH) study is an ongoing pregnancy cohort study in Tianjin, China. This paper describes the background, aim and the study design, which can be followed by future researchers to design and conduct similar studies. The abundance and the potential adverse health outcomes of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is concerning. More notably, developing fetuses and infants are more vulnerable to EDCs exposure. The CHECH study aims to investigate the importance of early life exposure to multiple EDCs (phthalates and their metabolites, bisphenol A and their substitutes, perfluorinated compounds and poly brominated diphenyl ethers) for multiple health outcomes in Chinese children, namely sexual development, neurodevelopment, metabolism and growth, as well as asthma and allergy. A total of 2238 pregnant women were recruited in Tianjin from May 2017 to April 2021 with a response rate of 90 %. Among these women, 2255 children were born with available information, including 47 pairs of twins. Urine samples were collected from pregnant women and children, while air and dust samples were obtained from the home environment during pregnancy and infancy periods. Information on children’s health was gathered through physical examinations and questionnaires. The CHECH study, which collected exposure information and health outcomes at multiple time points, will contribute to the understanding of prenatal exposure to EDCs and their impact on children’s health, thereby facilitating the development of risk assessments aimed at reducing exposure and associated health risks.

To understand health and well-being in later life, it is vital to consider the meaning of subjective aging. This study aimed to explore how perceived health, self-perceptions of aging, and participation in social activities relate to each other among older persons in the Bothnia region and Åland islands in Finland. Data were analyzed using Spearman’s and polychoric correlation and multinomial logistic regression analyses. The perceived good health and the younger physical, psychological, and social dimensions of subjective age were found to be associated with each other and with participation in social activities outside one's home.

Health alterations and school refusal behavior may significantly affect student evolution in all areas of student lives. The objective of this study was to use latent profile analysis to identify school refusal profiles sustained by negative reinforcement and to determine their relationship with distinct self-perceived health variables (Satisfaction, Well-being, Resilience, Performance, and Risk-Taking). The School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised (SRAS-R) and the Child Health and Illness Profile (CHIP-CE/CRF) were administered to 737 students (60.9% male) aged between 8 and 10 (M = 8.76, SD = 0.74). Three profiles of school refusal maintained by negative reinforcement were obtained: no risk, moderate risk, and high risk. It was confirmed that school refusal through negative reinforcement correlates negatively with health dimensions, also finding that a higher risk profile for school refusal is associated with lower levels of self-perceived health. Similarly, it was determined that the high-risk profile is the most maladaptive, with significantly lower data in four of the five self-perceived health dimensions that were evaluated. In conclusion, remaining in situations with no or moderate risk of school refusal due to negative reinforcement encourages higher levels of self-perceived health, while being at high risk of school refusal due to negative reinforcement is associated with worse self-perceived health.

Introduction: Binge eating disorder (BED) is closely associated with obesity, characterized by the repeated consumption of large amounts of food accompanied by a feeling of loss of control during the episode of binge eating. Existing treatments are moderately effective with high rates of recurrence; thus, physical exercise and neuromodulation techniques have emerged with positive potential associated with self-control in reward brain regions. Objective: To investigate whether 20 sessions of transcranial direct current (tDCS) stimulation alone or combined with aerobic exercise (AE) could reduce food consumption and the perception of hunger and satiety in adult individuals with BED. Methods: Adult individuals with BED were included in a randomized, double-blind study. Participants received 20 sessions according to random randomization (1) active tDCS, (2) placebo and AE tDCS or (3) active tDCS and AE, simultaneously with videos of foods that cause fissures, such as sweets and fast foods. tDCS was applied at 2mA / 20 min, with the anode over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the cathode over the contralateral supraorbital region (Soterix Medical®). The AE was performed on a treadmill after tDCS, at an intensity of 60-65% of HRmax, repeating the evaluations at the end. Primary outcomes included measures of food intake and perceptions of hunger, satiety and desire. Secondary outcomes were assessed through body composition, biochemical markers (lipid, glycaemic and leptin profile) and maximum oxygen consumption. Results: The tDCS group had lower values of triglycerides and lean mass compared to the other groups. However, in relation to food intake, hunger, satiety throughout the day, and uncontrollable desire to eat, there was no difference between the groups. Conclusions: tDCS alone was able to improve more clinical outcomes such as adipose mass and triglycerides. To our knowledge, to date this is the first study to demonstrate that the association of tDCS wit

The objective of this study was to analyse the impact of the educational programme of the Real Madrid Foundation (RMF) on the acquisition of educational values at social-sports football and basketball schools among children aged between 12 and 16 years in Italy, Romania, Spain and the United Kingdom. The most significant results showed that: (a) between the 20–21 and 21–22 seasons, there were statistically significant increases in personal and team success, self-fulfilment, personal and group superiority, health and physical fitness, and peaceful behaviour; and (b) the increase in variables being studied was different according to the country analysed in such a way that: in the per-sonal and team success dimension there was a rise in the United Kingdom and Italy; in self-fulfilment there was an increase in the United Kingdom; in the personal and group superiority dimension there was a rise in Italy and Romania; in the health and physical fitness dimension there was an increase in social-sports schools in the United Kingdom and Italy; in the peaceful behaviour dimension there was a rise in social-sports schools in the United Kingdom and a drop in social-sports schools in Romania. There were very significant improvements in the majority of dimensions and countries, although the development of the various dimensions is different and specific to every one of the distinct countries, meaning that it is necessary to keep adapting the educational programme of the Real Madrid Foundation in line with the sociocultural characteristics of each of the countries in which it is implemented.

Att det finns problem i sammanhanget med livslångt lärande för mogna studenter på universitets-nivå utomlands finns dokumenterat i många tidigare studier där mogna studenter utsätts för marginalisering och försummelse m.m. Man kan i sammanhanget exempelvis tala om vardaglig ålderism eller strukturerad ålderism eller inbyggd ålderism eller institutionell ålderism. Syftet med den här studien är att undersöka hur student-guppen 55 år och äldre (55+) på universitet/högskola i Sverige uppfattar sin egen ålder i relation till ålderism, Sociokulturellt lärande, Andragogik och livslångt lärande. Metodansatsen Hermeneutik och en 7-stegsmodell från Fenomenografi är den metodansats som använts och som teorianvänds Sociokulturell teori och Andragogik samt tidigare forskning. Fem universitets-studeranden 55+ har intervjuats i individuella face-to-face-intervjuer. Informanterna uppger först att de inte explicit uppfattat någon ålderism i sammanhanget med sina studier men implicit framkommer att det kan finnas en känsla av ålderism som man inte riktigt kan ta på utan som mer är en känsla. De pratar exempelvis om en grupp i sammanhanget som de kallar för 25-åringarna och som de relaterar till (men inte vice versa). Vissa använder stereotyper såsom”äldre”, ”gammal gubbe”, ”gammal som gatan” etc när de talar om sig själva. Detta kan leda till att man själv implicit pekar ut sin egen ålder i studiesammanhanget när man interagerar med med studenter och lärare vilket blir en kategorisering som kan ligga till grund för ojämlikhet. Man kan här använda sig av exempelvis ”kritisk språkmedvetenhet” för att mota ”Olle i grind”. Den akademiska miljön är en speciell miljö som det gäller att förstå sig på både för studenter och för lärare när det exempelvis gäller inkludering. Själva utlärningstekniken har förändrats till det bättre över tid och 55-plussarna använder sig av nya strategier i sin in-lärnings-teknik. De pekar också på att klasskillnaderna utjämnas mer bl.a. via att studier på unive

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka idrottslärares arbetssätt att inkludera elever med övervikt i idrottsundervisningen (att göra undervisningen tillgänglig för alla). Två centrala frågeställningar ställs: (1) På vilket sätt anpassar idrottslärare undervisningen för elever med övervikt? (2) Hur betygsätts elever med övervikt? Genom en systematisk informationssökning består kunskapsöversikten av tolv primärkällor. I arbetet har både nationella och internationella forskningsartiklar, tidskriftsartiklar, studier och en autoetnografi som sträcker sig ungefär 10 år tillbaka inkluderats. Tanken var att primärt hålla mig till informationskällor från 2013 till 2023 med uppdaterade fakta, men har också använt mig av några äldre relevanta källor. En synopsis av varje studiens syfte, metod och resultat introduceras nedan. Resultaten visar att det finns ett samband mellan lärarnas bedömningskriterier och elever med övervikt, då lärarna betygsätter elever med olika kriterier. Dessutom har överviktiga elever svårt att känna sig inkluderade i idrottsundervisningen på grund av deras kroppsliga förmåga. Både elever i normalvikt och överviktiga elever ska kunna utföra samma aktiviteter på samma tid. Kunskapsöversikten visar också att elever med övervikt tappar sin motivation, glädje och ambition att vilja vara med i idrottsundervisningen. Slutsatsen är att lärare behöver ha nya arbetssätt i sin undervisning och nya, effektivare metoder för att inkludera alla elever i undervisningen.

This study analyses the environmental and health benefits associated with the use of renewable energy sources, focusing on the costs and savings involved. The research employs a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis approach, comparing the costs associated with generating energy from a 10 megawatts solar energy power plant versus a 10 megawatt hydropower plant. The data used in this research was gathered from a variety of sources, including government reports, academic studies, and industry publications. The analysis ensued a positive net benefit for both power plants, while the economic useful life of developing and implementing the solar plant is shorter, the long-term benefits of these technology outweighs that of the hydro power plant. The data indicates that renewable energy technologies can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution, leading to substantial improvements in public health and environmental quality. Overall, this research indicates that investing in renewable energy sources is not only an environmentally responsible choice, but also a viable decision for the society.

Background: Type 2-Diabetes is a widespread global health problem affecting approximately 10.5% of the adult population aged 20–79 years. The disease is characterized by insulin resistance, affects the body's regulation of blood sugar levels, and can lead to serious complications such as microangiopathy. The quality of life for people with type 2 diabetes is closely linked to how the disease affects their everyday life. In order to assess the adaptation to the disease and the management of its physical and psychological challenges, the persons experiences of quality of life are crucial. Aim: The aim is to investigate how people with type2 diabetes experience their quality of life. Method: The study was conducted as a literature-based study based on qualitative research. The databases Cinahl and PubMed were used to search for articles, of which 9 articles were selected for the results. The collected data was analyzed based on Friberg's (2017) five-step process to identify key findings. Results: Three main themes emerged: healthy lifestyle choices; challenges and success factors, factors that deteriorates the quality of life and factors that improves the quality of life that answered the purpose of the study. Conclusion: The results indicate that people with type 2 diabetes face challenges in disease management. In order to support these individuals and improve their quality of life, a holistic view and individual centered care is required., Syftet med detta examensarbete var att undersöka hur personer med diabetes typ 2 upplever sin livskvalitet. Resultatet pekade på att diabetes typ 2 medförde betydande hinder och utmaningar för de som lever med sjukdomen. Det framkom särskilda svårigheter relaterade till sjukdomsinformation och kunskapsinhämtning om diabetes typ 2. Även psykosociala aspekter presenterades där det erhölls att personer som lever med diabetes typ 2, upplevde mentala svårigheter och minskad sexuell lust. Det fanns även en positiv syn på livet med diabetes typ 2, där upplevda hälsofördelar utgjorde en betydande aspekt. Närstående, religion och spiritualitet uppgavs vara stödjande faktorer för att hantera vardagen med den kroniska sjukdomen diabetes typ 2. Detta bevisar att trots de påfrestningar som sjukdomen medför, fanns det en känsla av positivitet och möjlighet till förbättring av hälsan. Omkring 10,5% av den vuxna populationen 20–79 år har diabetes och över 90% av dem har diabetes typ 2. Diabetes typ 2 har länge varit en utmaning, och det är känt att livsstilsförändringar är nyckeln till en förbättrad hälsa. Men att tillämpa och bibehålla dessa förändringar kan vara påfrestande. Studien genomfördes i behovet av att förstå den upplevda livskvaliteten och de verkliga utmaningarna som människor med diabetes typ 2 står inför i sin vardag. Detta examensarbete utgår från en litteraturbaserad studie med grund i kvalitativ forskning. Kvalitativa artiklar valdes ut eftersom fokuset var att förstå personers upplevelser av livskvalitet. Begreppet livskvalitet handlar om en subjektiv upplevelse av sin livssituation, det kan inkludera det allmänna välbefinnandet samt fysisk och psykisk hälsa. Baserat på resultatet kan slutsatsen dras att det råder en brist på tillgänglig och förståelig information kring diabetes typ 2. Sjuksköterskor spelar en avgörande roll i vårdandet och stödet av patienter. För att skapa rätt förutsättningar för personer som lever med diabetes typ 2 finns det ett behov av att

Syfte och frågeställningar Studien syftar till att undersöka hur gymnasielärare i ämnet idrott och hälsa förmedlar och befäster praktisk kunskap hos elever med syfte att skapa livslång hälsa. Studiens frågeställningar: Hur arbetar gymnasielärarna praktiskt med hälsa i ämnet idrott och hälsa och hur bedöms de praktiska momenten i hälsa i ämnet idrott och hälsa? Teori och Metod Studien har en kvalitativ ansats, med semistrukturerade intervjuer som datainsamlingsmetod där intervjuguiden skapats utifrån teorin om learning by doing samt begreppet healthying. Urvalet gjordes genom ett bekvämlighetsurval där fem legitimerade gymnasielärare i idrott och hälsa deltog med ett spann mellan 18 och 42 år av undervisningserfarenhet inom ämnet. Fyra av intervjuerna genomfördes på deltagarnas arbetsplats och en intervju genomfördes på videokonferensprogrammet Zoom. Det transkriberade datainsamlingsmaterialet analyserades genom en tematisk analysmetod bestående av sex steg. Resultat Resultatet av studien visar på att undervisningen i hälsa tendrar att fokusera på den fysiska hälsan med konditions- och styrkemoment. Den psykiska hälsan undervisas främst teoretiskt genom att skriftligt och muntligt reflektera över relationen mellan det fysiska och det psykiska, men det kan även undervisas praktiskt genom yoga, mental träning och mindfulness. Den sociala hälsan undervisas genom samarbetsövningar för att föra ihop elevgrupperna, men även genom lekar och dans. Lärarna har som målsättningen att undervisa praktiskt i hälsa men trots det sker mycket av undervisningen teoretiskt för att hantera tidsbrist, en otydlig och patogen kursplan samt bedömningssvårigheter. Bedömningen i hälsa sker formativt då eleverna ges flera möjligheter att utveckla och visa sina kunskaper, därtill sker den över en längre tid och examinationsformerna varierar. Fokus ligger på att bedöma elevernas förståelse och begriplighet av hälsa och inte på att genomföra tester för att bedöma deras hälsostatus. Slutsats Alla, Aim and Research Questions The aim of this study is to investigate how teachers in Physical Education (P.E.) convey and consolidate practical knowledge in students with the aim of creating lifelong health. The study´s research questions: How do secondary school teachers work practically with Health in P.E. And how are the practical lessons about health assessed in P.E.? Theory and Method The study has a qualitative approach, with semi-structured interviews as data collection method where the interview guide was created based on the theory learning by doing and the concept of healthying. The selection was made through a convenience selection where five certified teachers in P.E. participated with between 18-42 years of teaching experience. Four of the interviews were conducted at the participants’ workplace and one interview was conducted over Zoom. The transcribed data have been analyzed through a thematic analysis following six steps. Results The result of this study showcases that health education tend to focus on physical health through cardio and strength. The psychological health is mainly educated theoretically through written and verbal reflections about the correlation between physical activities and psychological, but it can also be taught practically through yoga, mental training, and mindfulness. Social health is taught through collaborative exercises to get the student group closer together but can also be taught trough games and dance. The teachers have the aim to educate practically about health, however big parts about health education are taught theoretically to handle lack of time, unclear and pathogen syllabus and assessment difficulties. The grading in health is made through formative assessment where the students are given multiple occasions to improve and show their abilities over a long period of time, and the examination format varies. When assessing, the focus is to assess students’ understanding and comprehensibility of health and not to co

Mental health is an important resource for a successful and developing athleticcareer (Schinke et al., 2018), which also results in better performance (Henriksen et al.,2019). Commitment to a dual career (DC) seems to be beneficial to the athlete inrelation to several aspects (Aquilina, 2013; Stambulova et al., 2015; Henriksen et al.,2020). A DC can also bring several challenges for a student-athlete (Brown et al., 2015;Stambulova et al., 2015; Linnér, Stambulova & Ziegert, 2021), which could contributeto mental illness instead (Stambulova et al., 2020). Therefore, the aim of this study wasto examine which DC-experiences predict mental health in student-athletes at uppersecondary school in sport. 405 student-athletes participated in this study, 141 women,259 men and 5 participants who identified themselves as neither male nor female. Allparticipants combined studies with sports and were between 15–19 years old (M=16.8;SD=3.3). Data was collected via web survey. Two multiple regressions analysis were conducted. The result of this study shows that DC-experiences such as DC-support, DC-obstacles, DC-competence, and DC-benefits predict mental health. In conclusion, student athletes who have more DC-support, DC-benefits, obtain DC-competencies and have fewer obstacles in their DC, maintain DC-balance and therefore seem to experience better mental health., Mental hälsa är en viktig resurs för en framgångsrik och utvecklande idrottskarriär (Schinke et al., 2018), vilket även genererar en bättre prestation (Henriksen et al., 2019). Satsning på en dubbel karriär (DK) verkar gynnsamt för idrottaren utifrån flera aspekter (Aquilina, 2013; Stambulova et al., 2015; Henriksen et al., 2020). En dubbel karriär kan även medföra flera utmaningar för en idrottselev (Brown et al., 2015; Stambulova et al.,2015; Linnér, Stambulova & Ziegert, 2021), vilket kan bidra till mental ohälsa (Stambulova et al., 2020). Därav syftar denna studie till att undersöka vilka DK-upplevelser som predicerar mental hälsa hos idrottselever på gymnasienivå. I studien deltog 405 idrottselever, varav 141 kvinnor, 259 män och 5 individer som identifieradesig som varken man eller kvinna. Samtliga deltagare kombinerade studier med idrottoch var mellan 15–19 år (M=16.8; SD=3.3). Datainsamlingen genomfördes via webbenkäter och därefter utfördes två multipla regressionsanalyser. Resultatet indikerarpå att DK-upplevelser såsom DK-stöd, DK-hinder, DK-kompetenser samt DK-fördelar predicerar mental hälsa. Sammanfattningsvis verkar idrottselever som upplever DK-stöd, DK-fördelar, besitter DK-kompetenser och upplever färre hinder i sin DK, kan upprätthålla DK-balans och därmed erfara en bättre mental hälsa.

With the increasing mental health challenges, a growing demand for professional help can be seen. Despite their crucial role in society, the counseling profession is not sufficiently researched. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to examine counselors' ability to disconnect from work in their private lives in relation to workload. The study included 89 counselors, including 16 men, 72 women, and 1 identifying as other. The survey consisted of several background variables and two already well-developed measurement instruments, along with a self-created instrument. The analysis revealed that only the variable demand can explain 50% of the variation regarding spillover. The factors demand and control had the strongest correlation with the ability to disconnect from work. Furthermore, the analysis showed that women are more affected by work-related demand than men. Finally, the result demonstrated that a high level of health had a positive effect on spillover and the impact of the demand variable on the individual. The results allowed for further research, such as exploring the difference between 'old' and 'new' counselors.

Bakgrund: I Sverige vårdas patienter som är dömda till rättspsykiatrisk vård och den begränsade vårdmiljön inom rättspsykiatrin kan ha en negativ effekt på patienternas hälsa. Patienterna har förutom psykiatrisk problematik även ökad dödlighet, risk för somatisk sjukdom och fetma jämfört med övriga befolkningen. Patienterna gör ofta mindre hälsosamma val. Vårdpersonalen ställs ofta inför svårigheter med att utföra sitt vårdande uppdrag och att stärka patienternas hälsoprocesser samtidigt som de ska förhålla sig till säkerhet och patienternas tvångsvård. En ökad förståelse för vårdpersonalens hälsofrämjande arbete behövs för att stärka det hälsofrämjande omvårdnadsarbetet inom rättspsykiatrisk vård. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa hur vårdpersonal uppfattar och erfar hälsofrämjande arbete inom rättspsykiatrisk vård samt främjande och hämmande faktorer för detta arbete. Metod: En kvalitativ metod med induktiv ansats gjordes med fokusgrupper som metod för datainsamling. Två fokusgruppsintervjuer genomfördes. Deltagarna bestod av elva vårdpersonal. Fokusgruppintervjuerna analyserades genom kvalitativ innehållsanalys enligt Graneheim och Lundman.Resultat: Tio underkategorier bildade tre huvudkategorier. En stödjande vårdmiljö, En god vårdrelation och ett tålmodigt arbete samt Att inte alltid kunna hjälpa. Slutligen bildades ett övergripande tema: Ett outtröttligt arbete och engagemang trots hinder och utmaningar.Slutsats: Vårdpersonalens hälsofrämjande arbete sker med hjälp av stöd till fysisk aktivitet, meningsfull aktivitet samt ger kostråd. Detta är av särskild vikt då patienterna ofta har sämre hälsa. Genom att patienterna får välja hälsofrämjande aktivitet förstärks deras empowerment. Nyckeln för att kunna arbeta hälsofrämjande i en begränsad vårdmiljö är att skapa goda vårdrelationer. Vårdpersonal kan själva behöva stöd i att hantera att patienterna trots personalens arbete väljer att göra andra val., Background: In Sweden, forensic psychiatric patients, undergo treatment in confined environments that may adversely affect their health. In addition to psychiatric issues, patients have increased mortality, a heightened risk of somatic illness, and obesity compared to the general population. Patients often make less health-conscious choices. Nursing staff often confront difficulties in carrying out their caregiving mandates and reinforcing the health processes of patients, simultaneously navigating the imperative of ensuring safety and adhering to compulsory psychiatric care. An increased understanding of the health-promoting endeavours of healthcare professionals is required to fortify health-promotion initiatives within forensic psychiatric care.Aim: The aim of the study was to illuminate how nursing staff perceive and experience health-promoting work within forensic psychiatric care, as well as identifying facilitating and inhibiting factors for this work.Method: A qualitative inductive method used focus groups with eleven healthcare professionals. Interviews analysed qualitatively following Graneheim and Lundman´s method.Results: Ten subcategories formed three main categories: A supportive care environment, A good care relationship and patient-centered approach, and The challenge of not always being able to help. These main categories formed an overarching theme: Relentless work and commitment despite obstacles and challenges. Conclusion: Nursing staff promote health through support to physical activity, meaningful activity and dietary advice. This is crucial for compromised patient health. Empowering patients to choose health-promoting activities is key. Positive care relationships are crucial; inadequate knowledge in forensic psychiatry hinders healthpromotion work. Personnel might need support in handling patients, because despitehard work patients still make other choices.

Background: Being an artist in the Swedish music industry in 2023 has been found to labor relations involving challenges related to health, hope, creativity and inspiration(Rödblom et al., 2023). Previous studies have also examined the working environment of artists, such as challenging work relationships, how artistic expression demands emotional awareness, and how this may impact the mental health of artists. However, what is the actual experience of health among artists, and why?Purpose and Objectives Summary: Through this investigation, I contribute to filling the existing knowledge gap and mapping how artists perceive health, and the reasons for their experiences in the contemporary music industry.Methodology and data collection: This thesis constitutes a qualitative study with an inductive approach. To structure the research study, I have chosen to adopt Grounded theory, which has involved entering the field with an open mind, collecting information,and subsequently compiling, coding and reflecting upon the data. I have conducted unstructured interviews with three artists and three managers to gain insights into how artists perceive health, and later also discuss why they perceive health in that way.Results: The findings reveal that the artists' experience of health is shaped by various challenges such as establishing a balance between work and leisure, motivation, social media and how artists engage with it, and challenges regarding their health. There is no doubt that they have a passion for their profession and that this is truly what they wish to dedicate their time and efforts to. However, the sacrifice involved in doing so encompasses factors that pose challenges to their overall well-being and health in various ways. The reason why the abovementioned themes have been highlighted in my interpretation, is because the artists experience a certain frustration, wherein they perceive a lack of support, structure, sustainability, and health in the mentioned as

Studierelaterad stress är vanligt förekommande för många universitetsstudenter och för att hantera denna stress är effektiva copingstrategier fundamentalt. Syftet med studien var att undersöka studierelaterad stress och vilka copingstrategier universitetsstudenter använder sig av. I studien utforskades följande två frågeställningar: Hur upplever universitetsstudenter studierelaterad stress? och Vilka copingstrategier tillämpar universitetsstudenter vid hantering av studierelaterad stress? Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med sex kvinnor och fyra män mellan 21-29 år. Två teman identifierades till första frågeställningen och de var höga krav och påverkan av studierelaterad stress på fysiska och psykiska hälsan. Två teman identifierades till andra frågeställningen och dessa var socialt stöd, prokrastinering, kontroll över situationen och återhämtning. Resultatet visade att studierelaterad stress påverkar deltagarnas fysiska och psykiska hälsa och deras akademiska prestationer negativt. Studierelaterad stress ökar genom att studenterna har brist på kontroll och för höga krav på sig själva. Socialt stöd, struktur och återhämtning diskuterades som betydelsefulla strategier för att minska stressen.

Bakgrund: Nattarbete är väsentligt för att kunna bedriva hälso- och sjukvård dygnet runt. Hälsa är ett tillstånd av fullständigt mentalt, fysiskt och socialt välbefinnande och inte enbart frånvaro av sjukdom. Det finns vetenskaplig grund att skiftarbete stör kroppens naturliga dygnsrytm, vilket leder till trötthet, sömnlöshet och sömnapné. Sjuksköterskor behöver ha rätt förutsättningar för att bedriva patientsäker vård. Syfte: var att beskriva allmänsjuksköterskors upplevelser av nattarbete på sjukhus med avseende på egna hälsoeffekter. Metod: Litteraturöversikt med kvalitativ metod och induktiv ansats. Sökningen genomfördes i CINAHL och MEDLINE där 12 artiklar användes till resultatet. Resultat: Innefattar två teman: Upplevelsen av påverkat psykiskt och socialt välbefinnande och upplevelsen av påverkat fysiskt välbefinnande. Följt av sex subteman: att uppleva rädsla och oro, att uppleva social samhörighet och ansträngda relationer, att uppleva yrkesmässigt illa- och välbefinnande, att uppleva fysiska symtom, att uppleva trötthet och att uppleva stress, Sjuksköterskorna som arbetade natt upplevde både positiva och negativa effekter på hälsan. Slutsats: Resultatet påvisade att trötthet var en stor anledning till att hälsan påverkades vid nattarbete. Trötthet bidrog även till andra hälsoeffekter som oro, stress samt en påverkan på sociala relationer. Detta kunde i sin tur påverka patientsäkerheten.

This handbook is the culmination of the NORDGREEN project, which develops and implements smart planning and management solutions for well-designed, high-quality green spaces that promote health and well-being. Researchers and practitioners worked alongside one another in six Nordic cities: Aarhus (Denmark), Espoo and Ii (Finland), Stavanger (Norway), and Täby and Vilhelmina (Sweden). Together, the researchers and practitioners applied methods including GIS data analysis, statistical analysis, PPGIS surveys and analysis, policy document analysis, interviews, and evidence-based design models. The handbook uses an innovative framework based on the multi-disciplinary approach of the project, using epidemiological studies, environmental psychology, policy and management, and citizen participation. These fields of study and their respective methodologies are divided into the four so-called NORD components—NUMBERING, OBSERVING, REGULATING, and DESIGNING—which, accompanied by a BACKGROUND section reviewing the evidence linking green space and human health, form the bulk of the handbook. Some key take-away messages from these chapters include: There is a fairly broad consensus that access to, and use of, natural and green areas have a positive influence on people’s health and well-being. Both perceived and objective indicators for access to green space and for health are needed for making a more comprehensive evaluation for how people’s health is influenced by green space. Citizens’ experiential, local knowledge is a vital component of urban planning, and PPGIS can offer practitioners the opportunity to gather map-based experiential knowledge to provide insights for planning, designing, and managing green spaces. Alignment, both vertically across the political, tactical, and operational levels, as well as horizontally across departments, is critical for municipal organisations to foster health-promoting green spaces. Evidence-based design models can provide important categor, NORDGREEN

In the nearly two years since the U.S.' Supreme Court overturned the constitutional right to abortion first established in 1973 under Roe v. Wade, lawmakers across the country have introduced hundreds of state legislative bills aimed at restricting or banning legal access to this essential health care. To date, 14 states have criminalized abortion.To gauge the on-the-ground human rights impacts of these escalating attacks on reproductive rights and bodily autonomy in Louisiana, four organizations—Lift Louisiana (Lift LA), Physicians for Human Rights (PHR), Reproductive Health Impact (RH Impact), and the Center for Reproductive Rights (CRR)— conducted extensive fact-finding in Louisiana beginning in May 2023. The research, completed in November 2023, was designed to assess the impact of the abortion bans on pregnant patients and clinicians in the state. Research teams conducted dozens of in-depth interviews with clinicians and patients and held focus group discussions with community-based organizations involved in reproductive health care access in Louisiana.The findings contained in this report are alarming: the research shows how Louisiana's abortion bans violate federal law meant to protect patients, disregard evidencebased public health guidance, degrade long-standing medical ethical standards, and, worst of all, deny basic human rights to Louisianans seeking reproductive health care in their state.

At its most recent peak in 2021, private equity (PE) investment into the broad health care economy, which includes health care service providers, health care technology, and the pharmaceutical and biotech industries, totaled about $83 billion nationally and $20 billion in California. While the majority of overall PE dollars has gone to biotechnology and pharmaceuticals in recent years, PE acquisitions of health care service providers (such as outpatient clinics, hospitals and nursing homes) make up a significant portion of all PE health care deals.This brief synthesizes publicly available data and academic research to outline national and California-specific trends in PE investment in the broad health care economy, then dives deeper into PE investment in health care service providers. It then reviews the effect of PE acquisitions of health care service providers on economic and clinical outcomes and explores emerging national and state-based policyapproaches to oversight.

Throughout 2023, PRRI interviewed more than 22,000 adults as part of its American Values Atlas, allowing for the ability to provide a detailed profile of the demographic, religious, and political characteristics of Americans and their views on abortion. As in years past, this analysis measures Americans' attitudes toward the legality of abortion, views on abortion pills, and how much abortion matters for voting. This year's report also includes new analysis of the intersection between Christian nationalist views and abortion legality in each state.

In many African nations, teenage pregnancy is a significant concern, with approximately one in every five adolescent girls in Africa experiencing pregnancy before the age of 19. In response, the African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (ACERWC) launched a study to provide a detailed assessment and Africa-wide analysis of teenage pregnancy, exploring its prevalence, underlying causes, and far-reaching impacts across the continent.This ACERWC report—developed in partnership and with contributions from the African Child Policy Forum, Plan International, and the Center for Reproductive Rights—gives recommendations to key stakeholders, enabling them to effectively address and mitigate the challenges associated with teenage pregnancy.

This guide, funded by the Ralph C. Wilson, Jr. Foundation, draws on interviews with 17 leaders in philanthropy to elevate caregiving as an essential and emerging public health issue. Alongside funders, policymakers, advocates, and those in other sectors (including technology and entertainment) are stepping up to promote the development and execution of caregiving strategies that improve quality of life for millions of Americans who need help to meet their health and social needs.Caregiving is a vitally important national issue with a great many cross-cutting touchpoints. With this report, we want to encourage funders, particularly those who may not consider themselves focused on caregiving, to become more involved.

Immediately following the Dobbs decision, reproductive health and rights organizations reported a sharp increase in the number of their social media posts about abortion being removed on platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and TikTok, along with instances of activists and organizations having their accounts temporarily suspended after sharing informational content on abortion. Reproductive health and rights organizations have reported issues with abortion content removal well past the immediate aftermath of Dobbs. Advocacy organizations, telehealth abortion providers, and reproductive health non-profits have sought greater transparency when it comes to how platforms moderate abortion content, but many have remained in the dark about why their content or accounts have been taken down or temporarily suspended.For abortion seekers to make informed decisions on their reproductive healthcare, they must be able to access reliable and accurate information. Supporting such access upholds human rights standards and legal principles under the right to access information. For instance, the UN Committee on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights found that everybody has a right to evidencebased information on sexual and reproductive health, including safe abortion. Restriction of information on abortion is an abuse of the responsibility to respect human rights and can contribute to the stigmatization of abortion, which in turn can lead to poor care and human rights violations against women, girls, and people who can become pregnant.Companies have a responsibility to respect human rights and should avoid causing, contributing, or being directly linked to negative human rights impacts through their activities. Big Tech companies, including social media platforms, should engage in human rights due diligence to ensure that their practices and policies respect human rights.

Following an active 2023 hurricane season, as well as extreme heat and wildfires, policymakers and health care providers must make preparing the health care system for increasing climate emergencies a top and immediate priority. Federal policymakers can better support health care providers in improving their resilience to extreme weather events—especially providers that are underresourced, such as community health centers (CHCs) and rural hospitals. A new Center for American Progress analysis shows that more than 1 in 3 CHC sites are in areas of high relative climate vulnerability. This report highlights opportunities to leverage new funding streams and financing strategies, as well as federal policy recommendations, to address the challenges these critical providers face:Ensure longer-term, sustainable funding for CHCs and rural hospitals that is inclusive of investments in health care climate resilience.Tailor communications to and build awareness among safety net providers—or providers that primarily serve low-income patients, patients of color, and rural communities—about all existing resources that are available to support climate resilience.Center climate justice in federal policy by making sure that funding for health care climate resilience prioritizes the communities and providers that are most vulnerable to climate threats and overburdened by pollution.Make health care safety net provider infrastructure a critical component of federal programs that are designed to support community health and climate resilience.Ensure that the priorities and budget of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) address the health impacts of climate change.Make carbon emission reductions a critical component of all programs aimed at improving the climate resilience of the health care system.

In the Center for Effective Philanthropy's (CEP) report State of Nonprofits 2024: What Funders Need to Know — released in May 2024 — nonprofit leaders reported widespread concern about their staff's burnout. In that same report, we found that three-quarters of nonprofit leaders see staff burnout as influencing their organizations' ability to achieve their missions. Research shows that a lack of support for staff well-being can contribute to poor energy levels among staff, decreased productivity, and — especially in the case of nonprofits — increased difficulty retaining staff and filling job vacancies.This CEP Research Snapshot sets out to understand foundation leaders' perspectives and actions related to the well-being and burnout of staff at the organizations they fund.

This manual describes the ONOH model developed as a result of the Community-Based Participatory Research project. We provide templates, tools, and learning that we used throughout the process in this manual.

Anticipatory Action, a crucial component of the disaster risk management cycle, formalizes the connection between early warning and early action based on forecasted hazards. It is an approach that operates on various scales, shaped by organizational mandates, local contexts, specific hazards and available forecasts. Key parameters include a focus on mitigating forecastable hazard impacts, designing actions based on predictive analyses, and implementing interventions before the hazard's impact or its most acute effects are felt. In recent years, growing attention has been given to developing Anticipatory Action for epidemics.This report attempts to provide a guide on evaluating the different factors to assess and implement Anticipatory Action for climate-sensitive infectious diseases in East Africa, particularly Ethiopia (Annex A) and Kenya (Annex B).We focus on climate change in the region, identify priority climate-sensitive infectious diseases, and investigate potential mechanisms on how climate and non-climate drivers can affect climate-sensitive infectious disease transmission and outbreaks. Furthermore, we analyse existing preparedness and prevention activities in the region, determine the feasibility of Anticipatory Action to support epidemic preparedness and prevention, and give recommendations for potential Anticipatory Action for priority climate-sensitive infectious diseases in East Africa, Ethiopia and Kenya.

Over the 1970s, scientists finally began to make significant headway in the creation of a malaria vaccine. New developments such as hybridoma technology, recombinant DNA, and the ability to cultivate continuous cultures of malaria parasites in vivo spurred enthusiasm among scientists that they could finally create the first vaccine against a parasitic disease. A new influx of funding into parasitic disease research during this decade accelerated scientific discoveries related to malaria vaccines. The Rockefeller Foundation's Health Sciences Division, led by Dr. Kenneth Warren from 1977 to 1988, contributed significantly to this acceleration by sponsoring cutting edge research on malaria immunology and biology as part of a new "Great Neglected Diseases of Mankind" program. This report examines the role of the Rockefeller Foundation in stimulating research around malaria vaccines and related areas of malaria immunology and molecular biology, and the effects its funding had on scientists, scientific institutions, and populations in malaria endemic regions. While an effective malaria vaccine did not materialize as quickly as the scientific community had hoped, the Rockefeller Foundation nonetheless played a substantial role in raising the profile of malaria vaccines and vaccine research.

Key ConceptsNearly one-fifth of U.S. children (around 14 million) suffer from seasonal allergies.Carbon dioxide from burning fossil fuels makes plants produce more pollen, boosting allergy risks for kids. Carbon pollution warms the planet and extends the growing season — meaning children will experience longer, more intense exposure to seasonal allergens like pollen.As the planet warms, children with allergies will experience worse health impacts, including an increase in emergency room visits for asthma attacks from pollen exposure. Parents and caregivers can protect children's health, now and in the future, by minimizing the harmful effects of seasonal allergies in a changing climate.

The Trevor Project's 2024 U.S. National Survey on the Mental Health of LGBTQ+ Young People amplifies the experiences of more than 18,000 LGBTQ+ young people ages 13 to 24 across the United States.For the sixth year, the U.S. National Survey uncovers the reality that there is a significant association between anti-LGBTQ+ victimization and disproportionately high rates of suicide risk — and that far too many young people struggle to access the mental health care they need.The survey critically provides data-driven ways we can all show support and acceptance for the LGBTQ+ young people in our lives, based on their own responses — as well as the potentially life-saving benefits of creating affirming spaces and communities.For the first time, we asked respondents to share a message of advice or encouragement to other young people in the LGBTQ+ community. There is no doubt that this has been a challenging year for LGBTQ+ young people. Yet despite these challenges, including the historic wave of anti-LGBTQ+ legislation that has targeted them, these young people remain powerful, optimistic, and resilient.

From deepest of heart containing the warm pleasuring well wishes we are feeling very lucky and honored, to present you the thoroughly revised, willingly prepared and studied with high efforts, the first edition of. We hope the book will become helpful to all the readers of this book who have taken it as a source of knowledge what they seek for. The book is written with immense hardwork; dedication and desperation. We have tried to put all the information available to me on these topics for the readers and tried to make it as easy as possible for the easy and correct understanding of the topics by readers. The book is written with dedicated practices of restless work with determination and passion for the writing of a book helpful on this subject. The book is containing the information mostly for the students but we do believe that it can also be helpful for everyone.The book is consisting total 3 units al together in it. The unit 1 is focusing on the topic on Microbial Diagnosis in Health Clinics. The unit 2 is containing the about Industrial Microbiology. The details on the Food Microbiology is described in unit 3. We are thankful to the publishers for the speedy and quality production. We shall welcome the constructive suggestion, if any, from the reader.

In the Center for Effective Philanthropy's (CEP) report State of Nonprofits 2024: What Funders Need to Know — released in May 2024 — nonprofit leaders reported widespread concern about their staff's burnout. In that same report, we found that three-quarters of nonprofit leaders see staff burnout as influencing their organizations' ability to achieve their missions. Research shows that a lack of support for staff well-being can contribute to poor energy levels among staff, decreased productivity, and — especially in the case of nonprofits — increased difficulty retaining staff and filling job vacancies.This CEP Research Snapshot sets out to understand foundation leaders' perspectives and actions related to the well-being and burnout of staff at the organizations they fund.

Over the 1970s, scientists finally began to make significant headway in the creation of a malaria vaccine. New developments such as hybridoma technology, recombinant DNA, and the ability to cultivate continuous cultures of malaria parasites in vivo spurred enthusiasm among scientists that they could finally create the first vaccine against a parasitic disease. A new influx of funding into parasitic disease research during this decade accelerated scientific discoveries related to malaria vaccines. The Rockefeller Foundation's Health Sciences Division, led by Dr. Kenneth Warren from 1977 to 1988, contributed significantly to this acceleration by sponsoring cutting edge research on malaria immunology and biology as part of a new "Great Neglected Diseases of Mankind" program. This report examines the role of the Rockefeller Foundation in stimulating research around malaria vaccines and related areas of malaria immunology and molecular biology, and the effects its funding had on scientists, scientific institutions, and populations in malaria endemic regions. While an effective malaria vaccine did not materialize as quickly as the scientific community had hoped, the Rockefeller Foundation nonetheless played a substantial role in raising the profile of malaria vaccines and vaccine research.

This guide, funded by the Ralph C. Wilson, Jr. Foundation, draws on interviews with 17 leaders in philanthropy to elevate caregiving as an essential and emerging public health issue. Alongside funders, policymakers, advocates, and those in other sectors (including technology and entertainment) are stepping up to promote the development and execution of caregiving strategies that improve quality of life for millions of Americans who need help to meet their health and social needs.Caregiving is a vitally important national issue with a great many cross-cutting touchpoints. With this report, we want to encourage funders, particularly those who may not consider themselves focused on caregiving, to become more involved.