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Mobile cloud gaming (MCG) is an emerging concept which aims to deliver video games on-demand to users with the use of cloud technologies. Cloud technology allows the offloading of computation from a less powerful user device or thin client to more robust cloud servers to minimize power consumption and provide additional cloud services such as storage. MCG is therefore very helpful that can reduce the costs of expensive hardware, but the challenge is that it requires a high Quality of Service (QoS) in order to stream and play the games where the users have a high Quality of Experience (QoE). The goal of the study is to investigate how users' QoE is affected by network conditions while playing MCG and compare the results from a previous study. A testbed was made in order to conduct subjective tests where users are going to play Counter Strike: Global Offensive (CS: GO) on a smartphone using Steam Remote Play. The testbed consists of a router, tablet, smartphone, headset, Xbox controller, USB-C multi-port adapter and four different PC's. Participants on campus, both students and non-students, were invited to participate in the experiment. A total of 24 participants completed the tests; however, results from two participants were excluded due to software issues. There were 23 network conditions that was tested for each user and included factors such as round-trip time (RTT), packet losses, bursty jitter, random jitter or combinations of different factors. A multi-platform tool, ALTRUIST, was used to control the applications and facilitate the data collection from the devices and NetEm changed the network conditions. The results showed that the network condition [bj(rtt200i15)] had the highest mean opinion score (MOS) of the QoE of 4.5 for the users with 200 milliseconds of bursty jitter every 15 seconds. The worst network condition tested with the lowest QoE rating of 1.4 was network condition [rtt25pl12] that had 25 milliseconds of RTT and 12% packet losses. There were

Mobile cloud gaming (MCG) is an emerging concept which aims to deliver video games on-demand to users with the use of cloud technologies. Cloud technology allows the offloading of computation from a less powerful user device or thin client to more robust cloud servers to minimize power consumption and provide additional cloud services such as storage. MCG is therefore very helpful that can reduce the costs of expensive hardware, but the challenge is that it requires a high Quality of Service (QoS) in order to stream and play the games where the users have a high Quality of Experience (QoE). The goal of the study is to investigate how users' QoE is affected by network conditions while playing MCG and compare the results from a previous study. A testbed was made in order to conduct subjective tests where users are going to play Counter Strike: Global Offensive (CS: GO) on a smartphone using Steam Remote Play. The testbed consists of a router, tablet, smartphone, headset, Xbox controller, USB-C multi-port adapter and four different PC's. Participants on campus, both students and non-students, were invited to participate in the experiment. A total of 24 participants completed the tests; however, results from two participants were excluded due to software issues. There were 23 network conditions that was tested for each user and included factors such as round-trip time (RTT), packet losses, bursty jitter, random jitter or combinations of different factors. A multi-platform tool, ALTRUIST, was used to control the applications and facilitate the data collection from the devices and NetEm changed the network conditions. The results showed that the network condition [bj(rtt200i15)] had the highest mean opinion score (MOS) of the QoE of 4.5 for the users with 200 milliseconds of bursty jitter every 15 seconds. The worst network condition tested with the lowest QoE rating of 1.4 was network condition [rtt25pl12] that had 25 milliseconds of RTT and 12% packet losses. There were

Directing is the way toward moving a bundle of information from source to goal and empowers messages to go starting with one PC then onto the next and in the end arrive at the objective machine. It is a bundle based convention. Switch drives the approaching parcel which originates from the info port to yield ports dependent on the location contained in the bundle. The switch has a one info port from which the parcel enters. It has three yield ports where the bundle is driven out. In this undertaking we are atomizing the elements of the Router by composing the code in VERILOG and recreating it in QUESTASIM. It is associated with at least two information lines from various systems (instead of a system switch, which interfaces information lines from one single system). This undertaking, basically underscores upon the Design and check of switch gadget, its high level engineering, and how different sub-modules of switch for example Register, FIFO, FSM and Synchronizer are orchestrated, and mimicked lastly associated with its top module.

Directing is the way toward moving a bundle of information from source to goal and empowers messages to go starting with one PC then onto the next and in the end arrive at the objective machine. It is a bundle based convention. Switch drives the approaching parcel which originates from the info port to yield ports dependent on the location contained in the bundle. The switch has a one info port from which the parcel enters. It has three yield ports where the bundle is driven out. In this undertaking we are atomizing the elements of the Router by composing the code in VERILOG and recreating it in QUESTASIM. It is associated with at least two information lines from various systems (instead of a system switch, which interfaces information lines from one single system). This undertaking, basically underscores upon the Design and check of switch gadget, its high level engineering, and how different sub-modules of switch for example Register, FIFO, FSM and Synchronizer are orchestrated, and mimicked lastly associated with its top module.

Directing is the way toward moving a bundle of information from source to goal and empowers messages to go starting with one PC then onto the next and in the end arrive at the objective machine. It is a bundle based convention. Switch drives the approaching parcel which originates from the info port to yield ports dependent on the location contained in the bundle. The switch has a one info port from which the parcel enters. It has three yield ports where the bundle is driven out. In this undertaking we are atomizing the elements of the Router by composing the code in VERILOG and recreating it in QUESTASIM. It is associated with at least two information lines from various systems (instead of a system switch, which interfaces information lines from one single system). This undertaking, basically underscores upon the Design and check of switch gadget, its high level engineering, and how different sub-modules of switch for example Register, FIFO, FSM and Synchronizer are orchestrated, and mimicked lastly associated with its top module.

Directing is the way toward moving a bundle of information from source to goal and empowers messages to go starting with one PC then onto the next and in the end arrive at the objective machine. It is a bundle based convention. Switch drives the approaching parcel which originates from the info port to yield ports dependent on the location contained in the bundle. The switch has a one info port from which the parcel enters. It has three yield ports where the bundle is driven out. In this undertaking we are atomizing the elements of the Router by composing the code in VERILOG and recreating it in QUESTASIM. It is associated with at least two information lines from various systems (instead of a system switch, which interfaces information lines from one single system). This undertaking, basically underscores upon the Design and check of switch gadget, its high level engineering, and how different sub-modules of switch for example Register, FIFO, FSM and Synchronizer are orchestrated, and mimicked lastly associated with its top module.

Directing is the way toward moving a bundle of information from source to goal and empowers messages to go starting with one PC then onto the next and in the end arrive at the objective machine. It is a bundle based convention. Switch drives the approaching parcel which originates from the info port to yield ports dependent on the location contained in the bundle. The switch has a one info port from which the parcel enters. It has three yield ports where the bundle is driven out. In this undertaking we are atomizing the elements of the Router by composing the code in VERILOG and recreating it in QUESTASIM. It is associated with at least two information lines from various systems (instead of a system switch, which interfaces information lines from one single system). This undertaking, basically underscores upon the Design and check of switch gadget, its high level engineering, and how different sub-modules of switch for example Register, FIFO, FSM and Synchronizer are orchestrated, and mimicked lastly associated with its top module.

In this article, an Internet-based remote control system is designed and implemented. The communication is based on the Master-Slave structure. The Master PC communicates with the Slave from about 40km away by UDP protocol. In order to guarantee the Master and Slave clocks to be synchronized, the NTP (Network Time Protocol) is used in both sides. The packets are sent together with time-stamps. The controller design (master) relies on a remote observer that achieves a state prediction of the application (slave), despite the variable communication delays. The Slave comprises a PC and a robot Miabot of Merlin company. The protocol Bluetooth is used between the local PC and the robot. Internet-based remote systems are subject to variable time delays (including communication and data-sampling delays) and data packets losses (due to the unstable Internet network). We have continuously tested the RTT (round-trip-time) between the two PCs in the daytime and nighttime by the protocol ICMP (Internet Control Message). From these tests, an evaluation of the maximal time delay is obtained. Our structure allows one to guarantee an exponential stabilization performance, which is proven via a Lyapunov-Krassovski functional technique and involves the estimated delay upperbound. This means that the guaranteed decay rate is computed (via some LMI optimization) in relation to some maximal value of the communication delays. Of course, for greater delay values, the performance cannot be guaranteed anymore and an alternative solution has to be considered. In our system, we give a command for the robot to stop until the communication comes back to a sufficient quality., QC 20141020

Energy efficiency is a central challenge in battery-operated sensor networks. Current energy-efficient mechanisms employ either duty cycling, which reduces idle listening but does not eliminate it, or low power wake-up radio, which adds complexity and cost to the sensor platform. In this paper, we propose a novel mechanism called RFIDImpulse that uses RFID technology as an out-of-band wake-up channel for sensor networks. RFIDImpulse is an on-demand mechanism that enables nodes to sleep until they have to send or receive packets. It relies on IEEE 802.15.4 radio to emulate an RFID reader at a sender node, and on an off-the-shelf RFID tag attached to the external interrupt pin of each sensor node. The sender can simply activate the receiver's tag before sending it data packets. This setup enables both radio and microcontroller to go into deep sleep mode until they need to be active. We develop an analytical model to evaluate the energy tradeoffs of RFIDImpulse, and then evaluate the mechanism against BMAC and IEEE 802.15.4 in high and low traffic scenarios. The results confirm that RFIDImpulse reduces the energy consumption relative to both protocols for low and medium traffic scenarios, and they reveal the thresholds for adaptive activation of RFIDImpulse based on traffic load. © 2008 IEEE.

Flow control and rate control for multimedia streaming, is an important issue in information transmission. Although the problem of flow control has been successfully addressed in wired networks, it is still open in wireless networks. Current widely accepted solutions assume that congestion is the only cause of packet loss and are not applicable to wireless networks in which the bulk of packet loss is due to errors at the physical layer. We show that this often results in bandwidth underutilization. In this thesis, we formulate flow control in wireless networks as a convex optimization problem. We then propose a new class of solutions that properly adjust the number of connections of a user, to fully utilize wireless bandwidth and minimize end-to-end packet loss. Our solution differs from existing schemes in the following ways: 1) It is theoretically guaranteed to be optimal, stable and scalable. In a network with arbitrary topology, arbitrary number of users, and arbitrary initial source rates, our proposed schemes guarantee all users' source rates to globally exponentially converge to an equilibrium. This convergence guarantees no congestion collapse in the network. 2) our proposed schemes are end-to-end and require modifications to neither infrastructure nor transport protocol stack. We have designed practical schemes for data transmission over wireless networks. Both users' rates and the number of connections they open are properly controlled to pursue equilibrium in the network. It is sufficient to control users' rates and their number of connections independently in two separate timescales to guarantee convergence to the desired equilibrium. This two timescale approach allows modification of the control law in one timescale without affecting the one in the other timescale, or the system's convergence., Sponsored in part by National Science Foundation Grant no. ANI-9905799. The original document contains color images. All DTIC reproductions will be in black and white.

Future underwater missions will require data transmission via satellite, In particular, the Office of Naval Research (ONR) is interested in experimenting with communications using the GOES satellite system, which is government owned. Unfortunately, communication antennas must point to specific satellites in this system and thus underwater vehicles must steer a specific course on the surface during the communication process, While surfaced, underwater vehicles are subject to wind and wave disturbances and it has been suggested that control using differential thrust from propellers may provide advantages, This thesis covers efforts to create and test such a steering autopilot based on the use of the ARIES AUV and differing the voltage supplied to each propeller, It is planned to use the ARIES in an ocean experiment to test this satellite communication capability, This control is embedded in the control of ARIES during extended pop up maneuvers for GPS navigational fixes, When surfaced, not only are navigational fixes obtained, but also data packets are communicated to a command center, The original document contains color images. All DTIC reproductions will be in black and white.

The objective of this effort was to develop methods for diagnosing network performance problems in real time. We broke the program down into four tasks. The first task entailed the research and categorization of models that provided both a sufficiently accurate description of the behavior of the computer network and were computationally tractable for incorporation into a real-time network monitoring system. Auto Regressive models were used to easily model the traffic patterns as well as predict the future traffic pattern on the nodes. Secondly, we researched mechanisms for achieving the real-time determination of the parameters of the current-to-be models of a network and for monitoring k-steps ahead forecasting accuracy of the current models. Cumulative Sum method was used to identify a model change point in the traffic pattern. This method looked at the mean and variance of the traffic and provided information on how much the traffic had changed and in what way. Thirdly, we built an object model of the analytical and operational entities that made up the architecture. Finally, we developed the application based on the research and design of the previous tasks using Java, with support from Java Management Extensions and Java database Connectivity APIs.

The performance of the FAMA-NCS protocol in ad-hoc networks is analyzed. FAMA-NCS (for floor acquisition multiple access with non-persistent carrier sensing) guarantees that a single sender is able to send data packet free of collisions to a given receiver at any given time. FAMA-NCS is based on a three-way handshake between sender and receiver in which the sender uses non-persistent carrier sensing to transmit a request-to-send (RTS) and the receiver sends a clear-to-send (CTS) that lasts much longer than the RTS to serve as a "busy tone" that forces all hidden nodes to back off long enough to allow a collision-free data packet to arrive at the receiver. It is shown that FAMA-NCS performs better than ALOHA, CSMA, and all prior proposals based on collision avoidance dialogues (e.g., MACA, MACAW, and IEEE 802.11 DFWMAC) in the presence of hidden terminals. Simulations experiments are used to confirm the analytical results., Presented at the IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (3rd) held in Athens, Greece on 30 Jun-2 Jul 1998. Published in the Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (3rd), 1998.

The authors introduce a new stable multiple access protocol for broadcast channels shared by multiple stations, which they call the incremental collision resolution multiple access (ICRMA) protocol. ICRMA dynamically divides the channel into cycles of variable length; each cycle consists of a contention period and a queue-transmission period. The queue-transmission period is a variable-length train of packets that are transmitted by stations that have been added to the distributed transmission queue by successfully completing a collision-resolution round in a previous contention period. During the contention period, stations with one or more packets to send compete for the right to be added to the data-transmission queue using a deterministic tree-splitting algorithm. A single round of collision resolution is allowed in each contention period. Analytical results show that collision resolution in ICRMA is much more efficient than DQRAP's. Simulation and analytical results show that ICRMA's throughput is within 5% of the throughput achieved by the ideal channel access protocol based on a distributed transmission queue and incremental collision resolution.

In 1997, Defence Research Establishment Ottawa and Communications Research Centre started research into an omni-band reconfigurable terminal. Such a terminal will enable soldiers to use a single terminal to communicate over any satellite communications or terrestrial link. Each terminal will support multiple standards and the first one to be implemented will be extremely high frequency medium data rate communications. Development begins with two hardware simulators: the payload simulator and the ground terminal simulator. Each simulator has a PC-based host to run the simulator, a digital chassis containing several digital signal processor boards to run the payload or terminal, and a radio frequency chassis to interface to the digital boards. Within the simulators, specifically on the digital signal processor boards, it is desirable to have a common data format for interchange between modules to simplify interfacing and reconfiguration. This document contains the data packet format, data packet validation, description of the minimum implementation, expansion capabilities, coding excerpts and, the listing of necessary definitions for coding. The requirements of flexibility, simplicity and future expandability drove the design of the data packets. Since the data packet design precedes the detailed system design, future expandability was a key requirement. The data packet consists of a variable length header and a variable length data area. The header includes the details of the data storage as well as information about the data source and destination. There is sufficient versatility in the specification to allow the data packet to be used for all known intermodule data, and for new requirements. It is likely that this specification will be further refined as requirements become firmer and the design of the simulator becomes better defined., in English and French; Text in English.

In this report, we consider the evaluation of data-packet delay in wireless integrated voice"data networks. In networks that support circuit-switched voice, the voice occupancy process satisfies a product-form solution under reasonable modeling assumptions. Although this product-form solution provides an accurate characterization of equilibrium voice-traffic behavior, it does not directly provide a method to evaluate data-packet delay. However, examination of each link separately in a manner that incorporates interaction with the rest of the network permits us to take advantage of the wireless nature of the network and obtain a three-flow characterization of each link, which also satisfies a product-form solution and is hence termed a "mini-product-form" solution. By matching the values of these flows to the average values obtained from the product-form solution of the entire network, we obtain a three-dimensional Markov chain characterization of the voice occupancy state on the link, which permits a simpler evaluation of data-packet delay. A further reduction is possible by converting the three-dimensional chain to a single-dimensional one. Performance results demonstrate that these models provide satisfactory delay estimates that also appear to be upper bounds on delay. (KAR) P. 2

This note describes a computer simulation of a model of a rate- adaptive packetized network, based on the assumption that users have available to them an embedded-coding type vocoder. Queues are controlled at each link by stripping off lower priority packets of the encoded speech. Three issues addressed in the simulation were: (1) The development of an adequate packet stripping strategy at each node, (2) The development of an end-to-end feedback strategy that would give stable results and yield an overall higher performance than was realized in the absence of feedback, and (3) The integration of the speech packets with data packets. Conclusions are that a judiciously chosen end- to-end feedback strategy can not only improve the efficiency of the system but also alleviate the problem of sudden rate drops due to link overload. The inclusion of data traffic in the model resulted in overall higher link utilization than was realized in the absence of data.

Transmitting data packets over voice channels during silences in voice conversations has recently been proposed as a way of increasing effective capacity of a telecommunication system. A mathematical model for the single channel case has been developed. The model is described and a comparison between the case where data packets are allowed and the case where they are not allowed to be transmitted during voice silences is made. (Author)

New results are presented for data traffic performance in an integrated multiplex structure which includes circuit-switching for voice and packet-switching for data. The results are developed both through simulation and analysis, and show that excessive data queues and delays will build up under heavy loading conditions. These large data delays occur during periods of time when the voice traffic load through the multiplexer exceeds its statistical average. A variety of flow control mechanisms to reduce data packet delays are investigated. These mechanisms include control of voice bit rate, limitation of the data buffer, and combinations of voice rate and data buffer control. Simulations indicate that these flow control mechanisms are quite effective in improving system performance. A combination of data buffer limitation with data-queue-dependent voice rate control was the most effective flow control technique tested. (Author)

Tato práce je zaměřena na zpracování a analýzu USB komunikačního protokolu a implementace jeho jednotlivých částí do FPGA obvodu s využitím programovacího jazyka VHDL. Ve finální podobě by měla práce představovat souhrnný a ucelený dokument popisující principy USB rozhraní a jeho komunikace doplněných praktickým návrhem v jazyce VHDL, který by byl schopen převést data do USB., Tato práce je zaměřena na zpracování a analýzu USB komunikačního protokolu a implementace jeho jednotlivých částí do FPGA obvodu s využitím programovacího jazyka VHDL. Ve finální podobě by měla práce představovat souhrnný a ucelený dokument popisující principy USB rozhraní a jeho komunikace doplněných praktickým návrhem v jazyce VHDL, který by byl schopen převést data do USB.

Tato práce je zaměřena na zpracování a analýzu USB komunikačního protokolu a implementace jeho jednotlivých částí do FPGA obvodu s využitím programovacího jazyka VHDL. Ve finální podobě by měla práce představovat souhrnný a ucelený dokument popisující principy USB rozhraní a jeho komunikace doplněných praktickým návrhem v jazyce VHDL, který by byl schopen převést data do USB., Tato práce je zaměřena na zpracování a analýzu USB komunikačního protokolu a implementace jeho jednotlivých částí do FPGA obvodu s využitím programovacího jazyka VHDL. Ve finální podobě by měla práce představovat souhrnný a ucelený dokument popisující principy USB rozhraní a jeho komunikace doplněných praktickým návrhem v jazyce VHDL, který by byl schopen převést data do USB.

Tato práce je zaměřena na zpracování a analýzu USB komunikačního protokolu a implementace jeho jednotlivých částí do FPGA obvodu s využitím programovacího jazyka VHDL. Ve finální podobě by měla práce představovat souhrnný a ucelený dokument popisující principy USB rozhraní a jeho komunikace doplněných praktickým návrhem v jazyce VHDL, který by byl schopen převést data do USB., Tato práce je zaměřena na zpracování a analýzu USB komunikačního protokolu a implementace jeho jednotlivých částí do FPGA obvodu s využitím programovacího jazyka VHDL. Ve finální podobě by měla práce představovat souhrnný a ucelený dokument popisující principy USB rozhraní a jeho komunikace doplněných praktickým návrhem v jazyce VHDL, který by byl schopen převést data do USB.

Tato práce je zaměřena na zpracování a analýzu USB komunikačního protokolu a implementace jeho jednotlivých částí do FPGA obvodu s využitím programovacího jazyka VHDL. Ve finální podobě by měla práce představovat souhrnný a ucelený dokument popisující principy USB rozhraní a jeho komunikace doplněných praktickým návrhem v jazyce VHDL, který by byl schopen převést data do USB., Tato práce je zaměřena na zpracování a analýzu USB komunikačního protokolu a implementace jeho jednotlivých částí do FPGA obvodu s využitím programovacího jazyka VHDL. Ve finální podobě by měla práce představovat souhrnný a ucelený dokument popisující principy USB rozhraní a jeho komunikace doplněných praktickým návrhem v jazyce VHDL, který by byl schopen převést data do USB.

Tato práce je zaměřena na zpracování a analýzu USB komunikačního protokolu a implementace jeho jednotlivých částí do FPGA obvodu s využitím programovacího jazyka VHDL. Ve finální podobě by měla práce představovat souhrnný a ucelený dokument popisující principy USB rozhraní a jeho komunikace doplněných praktickým návrhem v jazyce VHDL, který by byl schopen převést data do USB., Tato práce je zaměřena na zpracování a analýzu USB komunikačního protokolu a implementace jeho jednotlivých částí do FPGA obvodu s využitím programovacího jazyka VHDL. Ve finální podobě by měla práce představovat souhrnný a ucelený dokument popisující principy USB rozhraní a jeho komunikace doplněných praktickým návrhem v jazyce VHDL, který by byl schopen převést data do USB.