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Kole lands are one of the biggest saline, humid tropical wetland ecosystems. It spreads across Thrissur and Malappuram districts of Kerala state. They serve as a water storage structure during rainy season. After rains, the stored water is dewatered and circulated in various Kole padasekarams and channels to cultivate paddy. However, the problem is the lack of a proper water management plan resulting in crop loss. The current study is conducted in the Perumpadappu block of Ponnani Kole lands in Malappuram district. In this study, both GIS and Remote sensing technology have been collaborated to plan the crop calendar. The cropping calendar of Ponnai Kole was developed mainly for 37 Kole padashekharams of Perumpadappu block. Data about elevation, transportation, irrigation, weather and soil were collected to arrive at the crop calendar. Together, by adopting participatory rural appraisal methods and local knowledge were integrated. The final crop calendar was wetted with farmers and experts.

The modern technology has now shifted its focus on natural antioxidants to target against free radicals and to reduce the development of chronic diseases. Plant based investigation against various ailments have opened a new perspective in the field of biopharmaceutical research. Cancer being second leading cause for death globally has thrust it into the limelight of research. A substantial proportion of death caused by cancer could be prevented though advances in the field of biopharmaceutical research and its implementation. The Rubia cordifolia L. also known as Manjishta (Indian Madder) is one of most valuable herbs in Ayurveda having enormous scope for drug development. The study reports the anticancer activity of manjishta against gynecological human cancer cell lines HeLa, MCF7and PA-1.

With the advent of internet as a major medium right from inter-personal communication to how business transactions occur, the need to focus on research and development of various cyber security techniques rises. Phishing is one of the most common social engineering methods faced by public internet users, governments and businesses. There are several types of phishing by which users are directed to fake websites that resemble the legit ones. These fake websites collect the user credentials and use them for illegal purposes. In this project, a three-fold detection model using deep learning techniques like (Gradient Booster) for lexical and domain feature extraction ,(LSTM) for hyperlink extraction and (CNN) for content based extraction to detect phishing websites is proposed. This model is deployed by developing a google chrome extension that classifies and alerts the user when he/she is directed to a website that is not legit

The growth and performance of cowpea seedlings are negatively impacted by climate change and the subsequent occurrence of drought stress. Osmotic stress leads to the formation of reactive oxygen species, causing membrane breakdown, and impairs metabolic activities. The harmful effects of osmotic stress can be reduced by using seed priming techniques. Seeds of cowpea var. Anaswara were treated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and β-amino butyric acid (BABA) as priming agents. The seedlings emerged from the primed seeds have been found to reduce the lipid peroxidation rates and improve plant water status by accumulating osmolytes such as proline, total free aminoacids, and total soluble sugars, and also enhanced the production of non-enzymatic antioxidants such as total phenolics, ascorbate, and glutathione, as well as increased the activities of enzymatic antioxidants such as catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, which effectively scavenge ROS and maintain the homeostasis of the cell. PEG priming (cis-priming) and BABA priming (trans-priming) exhibited differential physiochemical responses in cowpea subjected to PEG stress. The current work investigates the extent of stress tolerance acquired through seed priming, and it will help to make a sensitive variety to a more tolerant one. Physiochemical responses of seedlings emerged from BABA-primed seeds towards PEG stress were better regulated to encounter the PEG-induced osmotic stress than the seedlings emerged from PEG-primed seeds.

Purpose: Over the counter drugs (OTC) are sold without the prescription of a registered medical practitioner. There are reports that OTC drug market in India is on the rise. This is attributed to the rising cost of healthcare, difficulty in accessing healthcare, and an alarming tendency to self-manage symptoms. The outcome of this is OTC related adverse effects, abuse and hospitalizations. Subjects and Methods: The primary objective was to assess the knowledge of drug dispensing pattern of community pharmacists. The secondary objective was to assess the knowledge regarding drug related problems of over the counter medication. The tertiary objective was to find out whether the pharmacists involving in counselling activities. A community based, observational study was conducted among community pharmacist in Kalaburagi city, to find out knowledge on dispensing pattern of OTC medication. All the community pharmacist participated in the study were provided with a data collection form including self -structured questionnaires. One week after pre-test all the community pharmacist were educated regarding OTC drugs by means of providing information leaflets about OTC drugs. Post-test has been taken after 15 days of education by means of same questionnaires. Data were entered into Excel and analyzed using SPSS software. Pre and post intervention data were compared using student’s t-test. Results: Among 110 pharmacist, males 98 (89.1%) were more compared to females 12(10.9%). The mean knowledge scores on drug dispensing pattern of community pharmacist in pre-test were 57.0% and post test is 87.6%. Conclusions: Among 110 pharmacist, males 98 (89.1%) were more compared to females 12(10.9%). The mean knowledge scores on drug dispensing pattern of community pharmacist in pre-test were 57.0% and post test is 87.6%.

Background: Diabetes is one of the most common diseases compared to others. There are many drugs available in the market to treat diabetes. Still, most of them have adverse drug reactions like hypoglycemia, weight gain, and subtherapeutic drug concentrations. SGLT-2 inhibitors are a new class of drugs used as add-on therapy to treat type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. They act by inhibiting glucose reabsorption and increasing glucose excretion via the kidneys. In an average adult, two kidneys filter about 180g of glucose per day. About 98% of the glucose filtered in the kidneys get reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule back into the bloodstream, which can be inhibited by SGLT-2 inhibitors. Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed on randomized clinical trial data, extracted from PubMed, Cochrane and Embase. All data, including baseline and shift of baseline, standard deviation, and number of participants, were recorded for HbA1c, Fasting blood glucose (FBG), Bodyweight and SBP/DBP. Results: Twelve randomized clinical trials, including 8000 participants, were compared and divided into three groups of drugs: SAXA+DAPA+MET, SAXA+MET and DAPA+MET. The comparison is done for HbA1c (WMD:-6.78; 95% CI:-8.28; P

Muslim women who are forcibly displaced from their homophobic parent culture are further oppressed within the structures of Islamophobia in the host culture. Discursive re-imaginations based on their Islamic authenticity have skewed them as either veiled or unveiled women from other homogeneous ethnic cultures. Such cursory representations have cemented perceptions about them as outsiders and so a source of constant threat. Therefore, the main objective of this article is to aid discursive reconfigurations of partial representations affecting transculturally or forcibly displaced Muslim women at the intersections of racial, gender or religious persecutions. Through a reading of the life-narratives by similarly displaced Muslim women in the anthology It’s Not About the Burqa, this article examines two key questions: 1) How do these women negate discursive conceptions of single stories? 2) How do they reach a unique discourse that addresses such partial representations? The article proposes heterotopia and hypomnemata as two transversal possibilities. Heterotopias are worlds within worlds which mirror what is outside. They can contain differences and undesirable bodies. Whereas hypomnemata refers to personal notes used for later reading and meditation. There has been little work bringing together the transcultural and the transversal. While the transcultural is a system of thought that conceives of cultures as an ongoing flux of confluences,[1] transversality endorses plural possibilities. It offers tools to deterritorialize closed logics.[2] This article therefore calls for revisiting the collaborative dynamics of these concepts as contested through the life-narratives of displaced Muslim women. [1] Arianna Dagnino, ‘Manifesto for a Transcultural Humanism’, (2014) [Accessed 27 May, 2022]. [2] Gary Genosko, Felix Guattari: An Aberrant Introduction (London: Continuum, 2002), p.55.

The present study could document, Sceliphron coromandelicum (Lepeletier) (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) as the host of the cuckoo wasp, Trichrysis imperiosa (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) from Kerala, India. This is the first host record of T. imperiosa. Interesting observations and notes on their natural history are also reported.

Plastic debris is an established environmental menace affecting aquatic systems globally. Recently, microplastics (MP) and plastic leachates (PL) have been detected in vital human organs, the vascular system, and in vitro animal studies positing severe health hazards. MP and PL have been found in every conceivable aquatic ecosystem─from open oceans and deep sea floors to supposedly pristine glacier lakes and snow covered mountain catchment sites. Many studies have documented the MP and PL impacts on a variety of aquatic organisms, whereby some exclusively focus on aquatic microorganisms. Yet, the specific MP and PL impacts on primary producers have not been systematically analyzed. Therefore, this review focuses on the threats posed by MP, PL, and associated chemicals on phytoplankton, their comprehensive impacts at organismal, community, and ecosystem scales, and their endogenous amelioration. Studies on MP- and PL-impacted individual phytoplankton species reveal the production of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, physical damage of thylakoids, and other physiological and metabolic changes, followed by homo- and heteroaggregations, ultimately eventuating in decreased photosynthesis and primary productivity. Likewise, analyses of the microbial community in the plastisphere show a radically different profile compared to the surrounding planktonic diversity. The plastisphere also enriches multidrug-resistant bacteria, cyanotoxins, and pollutants, accelerating microbial succession, changing the microbiome, and thus, affecting phytoplankton diversity and evolution. These impacts on cellular and community scales manifest in changed ecosystem dynamics with widespread bottom-up and top-down effects on aquatic biodiversity and food web interactions. These adverse effects─through altered nutrient cycling─have “knock-on” impacts on biogeochemical cycles and greenhouse gases. Consequently, these impacts affect provisioning and regulating ecosystem services. Our citation network analyses (CNA) further demonstrate dire effects of MP and PL on all trophic levels, thereby unsettling ecosystem stability and services. CNA points to several emerging nodes indicating combined toxicity of MP, PL, and their associated hazards on phytoplankton. Taken together, our study shows that ecotoxicity of plastic particles and their leachates have placed primary producers and some aquatic ecosystems in peril.

Metabolic syndrome is a public health problem that has been rapidly increasing over the last century. Oxidative stress plays a major pathological role in the development of metabolic diseases such as obesity, hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Oxidative stress is an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), free radicals and antioxidant defences (superoxide nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical, glutathione peroxidase). Oxygen is essential for the living system. At the same time, oxygen may also be dangerous to the same biological system. ROS can injure cellular macromolecules leading to apoptosis and necrosis. ROS plays a vital role in physiological processes and a favourable role in the immune system. This review discusses the effects of oxidative stress and possible biomarkers that can be employed to determine the degree of development of metabolic diseases. The growth in the formation of oxidizing species in the metabolic syndrome has been considered as a main underlying mechanism for mitochondrial dysfunction, accumulation of protein and lipid oxidation merchandise, as well as an impairment of the antioxidant systems. These oxidative modifications are recognized as applicable oxidative stress biomarkers and are probably capable of clarifying the position of reactive oxygen and the examination of the severity of the condition aided by the nitrogen species involved in the metabolic syndrome's aetiology.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma with poor response to R-CHOP therapy due to remarkable heterogeneity. Based on gene expression, DLBCL cases were divided into two subtypes, i.e. ABC and GCB, where ABC subtype is associated with poor outcomes. Due to its association with clinical outcome, this classification, also known as cell-of-origin (COO), is an efficient way to predict the response to R-CHOP therapy. Previous COO classification methods have some shortcomings, e.g. limited number of samples in the training dataset. These shortcomings challenge the robustness of methods and make it difficult to implicate these methods at clinical level. To overcome the shortcomings of previous methods, we developed a deep learning-based classifier model on a cohort of 381 DLBCL patients using expression data of 20 genes. We implemented multilayer perceptron (MLP) to train deep learning-based classifier, named MLP-COO. MLP-COO achieved accuracy of 99.70% and 94.70% on training and testing datasets, respectively, with 10-fold cross-validation. We also assessed its performance on an independent dataset of 294 DLBCL patients. On independent dataset, we achieved an accuracy of 95.90% with MCC of 0.917. To show its broader applicability, we used this classifier to predict the clinical outcome using survival data from two large cohorts of DLBCL patients. In survival analysis, MLP-COO recapitulates the survival probabilities of DLBCL patients based on their COO in both cohorts. We anticipate that MLP-COO model developed in this study will benefit in the accurate COO prediction of DLBCL patients and their clinical outcomes.

Kerala is exceptional for the practice of Visha chikitsa from time out of mind. Keraleeya visha chikitsa grandhas such as Prayoga sammucchayam and Kriya koumudi point out distinctive treatment procedure for snake envenomation such as Karu prayogam, Vella prayogam, Oothu chikitsa etc. Among this most handy and easy treatment procedure, Oothu chikitsa or blowing therapy which is mentioned for immediate stabilization of the patient from severe cobra envenomation is discussed here. The present study evaluates the role of Ayurveda in emergency management. This procedure, in which three persons are made to blow over vertex and both ears for 150 times by chewing certain drugs such as Viswa, Dusparsa, Maricha and Visha vega in equal quantities are indicated in the initial manifestation of snake bite including altered consciousness. On evaluation, the volatile components of these drugs are found to act on CNS. In this era of emergency medicine, exploration of Ayurvedic emergency treatment procedure is very much important. This emergency treatment procedure can be conceptually applied in the altered consciousness other than snake bite such as altered consciousness arising due to neurological and metabolic causes, diffuse physiological brain dysfunction as seen in certain drug poisoning, alchohol etc. This study aims at application of blowing therapy, indicated in initial manifestation of cobra envenomation and helps the patient to stabilize from a level of altered consciousness in the context of altered consciousness in conditions other than snake bite.

High temperatures, which cause a decline in grain weight and quality, are one of the most significant environmental concerns checking productivity of rice in tropical areas. To combat these problems, understanding the consequences of high temperature stress on nutritional qualities of rice is imperative. An experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Pattambi during 2019-2020 with rice variety Jyothi cultivated during five dates of planting [June 1st (D1), June 30th (D2), October 1st (D3), October 30th (D4) and January 1st (D5)] under open condition (O) and climate-controlled green house (GH). Grains obtained from different treatments were analyzed for different quality parameters like milling percentage, head rice recovery, starch, amylose, protein, fat and mineral (Ca, Fe, Zn, P) content. Highest milling percentage, head rice recovery, starch, amylose, protein, fat and mineral (Ca, Fe, Zn, P) content were observed during June 1st planting and lowest during January 1st planting. When comparing the two growing conditions, grains obtained from open condition had high milling percentage, head rice recovery, starch, amylose, protein, fat and mineral (Ca, Fe, Zn, P) content than that under climate-controlled greenhouse. The study shows that high temperature stress on plants can be managed by early sowing of rice cultivars in all the three seasons viz. virippu, mundakan and puncha and rice grains obtained from virippu sowing gives good quality grains as compared to that of mundakan and puncha planted grains.

The Rejection Sensitive Expectation, Perception, and Reaction Questionnaire-Partner (RSEPR-P) was developed to assess rejection expectation, perception of rejection, and reactions to perceived rejection among intimate partners. This article details the construction and validation procedures, including item pool generation, factor analysis, and the estimation of reliability and validity. The researchers examined the psychometric properties of RSEPR-P in a community sample of 151 participants. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with the final 24 items suggested four-factor loading with each subscale loading on a separate factor. The subscales had good to excellent internal consistency. In support of the convergent validity, RSEPR-P exhibited robust correlations with rejection sensitivity-personal, mindfulness, marital adjustment, and self-esteem measures. A 6-month test-retest reliability was established. RSEPR-P is proposed to have potential therapeutic and research utility.

Perimenopause is the transition period from reproductive to non-reproductive phase. It usually begins with menstrual cycle irregularity and extends to one year after permanent cessation of menstruation. There is manifestation of varied physical, psychological and somatic symptoms. Menopause may be correlated to Rajakshaya. It usually occurs as part of the ageing process and is the period of transition from Pitta predominant middle age to vata predominant old age. Treatment in modern medicine includes hormone replacement therapy and use of anti-depressants etc. Acharyas mention Jara among Swabhavabala pravritta Vyadhi, and its management is to be done with drugs having Rasayana property. Here we present a 48-year-old lady who presented with complaints of hot flushes, severe sweating especially during night hours, reduced sleep, irritability, multiple joint pain, loss of interest in most daily activities and stress incontinence. Vayasthapana gana was administered as Ksheerapaka. Vayasthapana gana include ten drugs which are Rasayana, Medhya, Tridosha samana and possess anti-oxidant, free radical scavenging and anti-stress activity. Ksheera is Vata pitta samana, Rasayana, and Jeevaneeya. Vayasthapana gana ksheerapaka is given in the dose of 48ml twice daily one hour before food for thirty days. After treatment intensity of these symptoms were reduced. Follow up was done thirty days after stopping the medication, here also intensity of these symptoms remained less when compared to before treatment. Here we reviewed the probable role of Vayasthapana gana ksheerapaka in alleviating perimenopausal symptoms.

A 41-year-old male patient radiologically diagnosed as a case of avascular necrosis of head of both femur with Grade 2 of Ficat and Arlet classification, presented with the following chief complaints of pain in both hip joints, more on left side, of Harris Hip score was 66 and associated with decreased range of movements with slight limping. This presentation was correlated with Asthikshayaja vyadhi and treated accordingly. Initially, patient had been administered dipana and pacana followed by snehapana and koshtasodhana by virechana. Further panchathikthaka ksheera vasthi (medicated enema prepared with milk and ghee) was administered. This resulted with improvement of Harris hip score to 91.

COVID-19 pandemic is the major outbreak that has exterminated many lives for past years and still not subsided completely. A number of vaccinations are in trials to eradicate the COVID-19 virus. This study deals with the challenges posed by anti- inflammatory drugs in the treatment of COVID-19.NSAID'S can mask early symptoms such as fever,myalgia in COVID-19 infected patients and can be used as adjunct therapy in severe COVID-19 treatment as they have anti-viral and anti-inflammatory properties. The risk of infection was found to be declined in the patients who had prior aspirin exposure. Indomethacin must be used with caution as it exhibits coronary vasoconstriction effects in patients. Anakinra even at higher doses resulted quite safe in COVID-19, confirming its potential role in selected conditions like immune compromised patients with superinfection, contraindications to other anti-inflammatory drugs. Early management with tocilizumab prevents cytokine strom and mortality. Patients who received Hydroxychloroquine with azithromycin combination had frequent cardiac arrest. No reasons to pause NSAIDs and no evidence of mortality rate dissimilarity between ibuprofen and paracetamol in COVID-19. still paracetamol remains first line. WHO guidelines recommend to avoid corticosteroids in COVID-19 management.

Toxicology, is a slow acting less potent poison, which does not kill the person immediately, but gets manifested in the form of many diseases. Skin diseases (Kustha) are one among the main symptoms of Dooshivisha. Vicharchika, is one among Kshudra kustha, which is highly prevalent, common and distressing condition. Recurrence and chronicity are the main threat faced by patients suffering from Vicharchika. Most of the features of Vicharchika show similarity with symptoms of the disease entity, eczema of modern dermatology. In India, the point prevalence of dermatological cases are 9.25%, and that of eczema is 6.75%. Arkatailam is the formulation prescribed in Yogaratnakaram, which reflects the therapeutic effect of toxic plant Arka, which is directly indicated for Vicharchika. The aims and objective of the study is to evaluate the combined effect of Arkataila and Patoladi gana kashaya in Dooshivishajanya Vicharchika. The study design was an interventional pre-post study with sample size 30. Patients with signs and symptoms of Vicharchika, having history of Dooshivisha, of age group between 20-60 satisfying the diagnostic criteria selected from the OPD of Government Ayurveda College Panchakarma, Hospital, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, were included in the study. The study group was given Avipathychoorna internally on first day for Virechana. On 2nd day onwards Patoladi gana Kashaya was given internally and Arkataila externally for 14 days. Symptomatic assessments were done before treatment, on 8th day, after the treatment and after the follow up period of 7 days. Results were analyzed statistically. The results show that the effect of Arkataila and Patoladiganakashaya is very effective in Dooshivishajanya vicharchika.

Adherence to the fundamental tenets of Human Rights and advocacy of Democracy are the two traditionally entwined Western expressions of rights and reason that any state has to comply with to be treated as an egalitarian state. The degree of democratization in any state is to be gauged by its ability to give its citizens a fairly acceptable form of governance and a slew of natural rights and legal safeguards against human rights abuses, from which the idea of justice is to flow. Many of the African and Asian countries, that became sovereign states through the 1980s and 1990s and consequently came to be hailed as formal democracies, in reality, have only had a very perfunctory degree of democratization. In such circumstances, human rights, without the existence of a real democratic structure to uphold and sustain it, does not effectively translate into a charter of rights but would merely be retained as a set of flexible norms. It is in this context that the proposed paper intends to address the impact of globalization of the principles and values associated with the concepts of democracy and human rights in post-colonial African states. It also aspires to inquire into the need for an element of universality in the dialogues on human rights and democratization, so that they do not get reduced to mere synonyms for Westernization. Further, the reality and ambivalence surrounding the consolidation of democratic virtues along with the observance of human rights are best reflected in the exemplification of how the Sub-Saharan African country of Zimbabwe operated its “democracy”; both under its longest-serving President Robert Mugabe and post his unceremonious ouster following the coup d’etat on 14 November 2017. It would be interesting to study the political economy of transition in a country like Zimbabwe that, during and after its leading figure Mugabe, continues to pledge allegiance to a nationalist, post-colonial and populist anomaly of being principally antithetical to imperialism in all its forms while also being an anathema to the precepts of democracy, justice and human rights in practice.

5 figures.-- Supporting information available.-- This ACS article is provided under the terms of this ACS AuthorChoice/Editors’ Choice via Creative Commons CC-BY agreement: https://pubs.acs.org/page/policy/authorchoice_ccby_termsofuse.html, Developing highly efficient and stable photoelectrochemical (PEC) water-splitting electrodes via inexpensive, liquid phase processing is one of the key challenges for the conversion of solar energy into hydrogen for sustainable energy production. ZnO represents one the most suitable semiconductor metal oxide alternatives because of its high electron mobility, abundance, and low cost, although its performance is limited by its lack of absorption in the visible spectrum and reduced charge separation and charge transfer efficiency. Here, we present a solution-processed water-splitting photoanode based on Co-doped ZnO nanorods (NRs) coated with a transparent functionalizing metal–organic framework (MOF). The light absorption of the ZnO NRs is engineered toward the visible region by Co-doping, while the MOF significantly improves the stability and charge separation and transfer properties of the NRs. This synergetic combination of doping and nanoscale surface functionalization boosts the current density and functional lifetime of the photoanodes while achieving an unprecedented incident photon to current efficiency (IPCE) of 75% at 350 nm, which is over 2 times that of pristine ZnO. A theoretical model and band structure for the core–shell nanostructure is provided, highlighting how this nanomaterial combination provides an attractive pathway for the design of robust and highly efficient semiconductor-based photoanodes that can be translated to other semiconducting oxide systems., A.G.-G., A.K.S., F.M., A.G., D.A.Z., and D.A. acknowledge funding received from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No 722176. W.K.M., A.M.B., and J.H.F. acknowledge financial support from Spanish Ministry MINEICO under Project ENE2016-79282-C5-1-R (AEI/UE/FEDER) and the Gobierno de Aragón (Grupo Reconocido DGA T03_17R, FEDER/UE y DGA T03_20R).

Retention, stability and support are the basic principles on which the success of a complete denture. The ability lies in applying these principles professionally in cases with total maxillectomy that are narrow and constricted with increased interarch space. This will provide decreased support, retention and stability and also increased weight of the processed denture will compromise them further and try to dislodge denture. This article highlights a technique for the fabrication of a hollow maxillary complete denture in situation where there is no ridge tissue due to total maxillectomy followed by post covid mucormycosis. Weight of a denture may be a contributing factor to the successful resolution of a patient’s problem; the hollow denture can be considered as one of the treatment modalities. The advantage of a hollow maxillary or mandibular denture is the reduction of excessive weight of acrylic resin, which normally replaces lost alveolar ridge in the interridge space of the denture wearer. This clinical report describes a case report of Total maxillectomy patient with resorbed ridges where a simplified technique of fabricating a light weight hollow maxillary complete denture was used for prosthodontics rehabilitation.

To ascertain the degree and causes of visual disability, clinical and demographic data of UDID card applicants at RIO MOH Karnataka South India.It is a cross-sectional observation study, data collected from the UDID PORTAL where applicants applied between July 2019 to March 2020. Totally 551 applicants details were collected. Degree of visual disability and its causes, demographic details like age, gender, education, marital and employment status, annual income along with that other clinical details were ascertained. Among the 551 applications, 368 were men and 183 were women highlighting a significant gender bias. Almost 2/3 of applications were in the age group 20 to 50. 60% of applicants were married. 95% of applicants were in the blind category while only 4.3% were certified as having low vision. 47% of applicants were BPL Card holders and were dependent on the family member for livelihood. 47% of the applicants had completed basic education (10 std/SSLC). Retinitis pigmentosa was the top cause of blindness. Retinal pathologies constitute the leading cause among them majority had Retinitis pigmentosa. Genetic counseling plays a significant proactive role in the prevention of the disease. Creating awareness among employers to provide adequate protective equipment could help in reducing the disease burden of phthisis bulbi. Government and NGOs should prepare appropriate plans and implement them to rehabilitate individuals with visual disabilities. There is a need to create better awareness about the benefits of UDID CARDS in the community in general and among people with blindness and low vision in particular.

Addressing health issues in paediatric population poses a major challenge to health care providers due to lack of child’s capability in expressing varied range of symptoms through which they undergo which may be of utmost diagnostic significance, thereby delaying early diagnosis. Unfortunately, Cancer is well known to be a common cause for increase in mortality rates in children. To achieve early diagnosis, careful attention to constellation symptoms portrayed by chid and/or parents suggestive of malignancy may aid in earlier diagnosis. With no disparity between early and late diagnosed cases, treatment modalities such as radio/chemotherapy and surgeries poses risk of recurrence, short and long term effects due to chemo/ radiation. To overcome all the aforementioned facts, new perspectives like targeted immunotherapy and Proton beam therapy proves beneficial and prevents children from emotional and physical trauma and primarily, from peer pressure. Updating with common head and cancers and advances in treatment may facilitate health care professionals in early diagnosis thereby, preventing disease progression. This article briefs about commonly occuring head and neck tumors in paediatrics, latest updates, advancements and an overview of impact of Global pandemic on current oncology practices with special concern on outcomes to be faced post pandemic.

To study the dosimetric importance of Jaw tracking technique in reducing the doses to organs at risk (OAR) while achieving the optimal dose coverage for the target.We retrospectively selected ten Glioblastoma cases and for each patient, two plans were created namely Static Jaw Technique Dynamic Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy plan and Jaw Tracking Technique D-IMRT plan with 6 MV for Varian Truebeam™ STx machine using Eclipse Treatment planning system. Both plans were analyzed and compared based on various dosimetric parameters for Planning Target Volume (PTV) and OARs. The dose agreement between the Portal dose image prediction and the portal dosimetry measurement was also analysed using gamma analysis criteria of 3%/3mm, 2%/2mm and 1%/1mm of dose distance/distance-to-agreement.The dosimetric parameters evaluated for both plans showed that most of the parameters gave significant P values, where D50% of PTV showed a mean difference (Δ) of 0.45 with significant P value, 0.0104. Similarly mean dose, D2%, D98%, D80% to PTV, Conformity Index and Conformation number showed Δ values of 0.45, 0.51, 0.41, 0.40, 0.02 and 0.01 with their significant P values as 0.0138, 0.0172, 0.0313, 0.0466, 0.0279, 0.0561 respectively. The Δ values and significant P values obtained among OARs are 0.54;0.0224 for brainstem, 0.54;0.0017 for RT optic nerve, 0.52;0.0001 for LT optic nerve, 0.59;0.0040 for optic chiasm and for the healthy tissues it showed the values with their mean dose, V5 and V30 parameters as 0.19;0.0115, 0.59;0.0067 and 0.25;0.0125 respectively. The JTT plans showed better passing results of gamma analysis criteria when compared to SJT plans.The findings in the studies emphasize the importance of using JTT technique in the radiotherapy treatment plans as it lowers the risk of acute or late toxicity and secondary radiogenic cancers in patients by reducing the OAR doses and achieves better tumor control.

The present study was aimed to evaluate the morphologic changes of nose and lip after Lefort 1 osteotomy using clinical and cephalometric parameters A prospective study to evaluate soft tissue changes after Lefort 1 osteotomy which includes 30 individuals of 18-35 years of age presented with dentofacial deformities. Our Study employs the measurement of nasolabial variables using Vernier caliper and lateral cephalograms. These values were recorded and tabulated under T (pre-operative) and T(6 months Post-operative). The final soft tissue changes were analyzed with paired t- test. Our study revealed statistically highly significant (p Alar base widening is a definitive sequela after Lefort 1 osteotomy even after adopting techniques like alar base cinch suturing and V-Y closure. This warrants that further modifications or innovations are required for preventing these undesirable morphological changes.

This paper discusses an aspect-based Sentiment Analysis (SA) approach forreviewing services. The method looks at the overall sentiment a sentence conveys as well as giving a different sentiment to each individual sentence component. The Vader algorithm is typically recommended by this study to categorize patron attitudes towardthe services. Sentiment analysis is extensively employed in marketing, customer service, and other sectors to examine comments and survey results, online and social media content.When reading customer reviews, it's easy to tell whether the reviewer is happy, upset, or neutral.

Radicular cysts are inflammatory odontogenic cysts of tooth bearing areas of the jaws. Most of these lesions involve the apex of offending tooth and appear as well-defined radiolucencies. Owing to its clinical characteristics similar to other more commonly occurring lesions in the oral cavity, differential diagnosis should include dentigerous cyst, ameloblastoma, odontogenic keratocyst, periapical cementoma and Pindborgtumour. Majority of these lesions engross the whole apex and appear as precise radiolucencies. The cystic lesion lined with the epithelium, which filled with fluid therefore, they are generally referred to as a true cyst. Based on clinical, radiographical and histopathological findings, the present case was diagnosed as an infected radicular cyst. The clinical characteristics of this cyst could be considered as an interesting and unusual due to its giant nature. The lesion was surgically enucleated without any postoperative complications and satisfactory healing, was achieved. Various mode of treatment available for radicular cyst management including surgical and non-surgical procedures, the present case report discuss the surgical management of radicular cyst ofmaxillary central and lateral incisors. &nbsp

Prior work has shown that large language models like GPT-4 and Med-PaLM 2 cananswersample questions from the USMLE Step 2 Clinical Knowledge (CK) exam with greater than 80% accuracy. But can these generative AIcreateUSMLE-like exam questions? This capability could augment humans in writing or preparing for such exams. Here we assess the ability of GPT-4 to generate realistic exam questions by asking licensed physicians to (1) distinguish AI-generated questions from genuine USMLE Step 2 CK questions, and (2) assess the validity of AI-generated questions and answers. We find that GPT-4 can generate question/answer pairs that are largely indistinguishable from human-generated ones, with a majority (64%) deemed “valid” by a panel of licensed physicians.

Background Rice grain size (GS) is an essential agronomic trait. Though several genes and miRNA modules influencing GS are known and seed development transcriptomes analyzed, a comprehensive compendium connecting all possible players is lacking. This study utilizes two contrasting GS indica rice genotypes (small-grained SN and large-grained LGR). Rice seed development involves five stages (S1–S5). Comparative transcriptome and miRNome atlases, substantiated with morphological and cytological studies, from S1–S5 stages and flag leaf have been analyzed to identify GS proponents. Results Histology shows prolonged endosperm development and cell enlargement in LGR. Stand-alone and comparative RNAseq analyses manifest S3 (5–10 days after pollination) stage as crucial for GS enhancement, coherently with cell cycle, endoreduplication, and programmed cell death participating genes. Seed storage protein and carbohydrate accumulation, cytologically and by RNAseq, is shown to be delayed in LGR. Fourteen transcription factor families influence GS. Pathway genes for four phytohormones display opposite patterns of higher expression. A total of 186 genes generated from the transcriptome analyses are located within GS trait-related QTLs deciphered by a cross between SN and LGR. Fourteen miRNA families express specifically in SN or LGR seeds. Eight miRNA-target modules display contrasting expressions amongst SN and LGR, while 26 (SN) and 43 (LGR) modules are differentially expressed in all stages. Conclusions Integration of all analyses concludes in a “Domino effect” model for GS regulation highlighting chronology and fruition of each event. This study delineates the essence of GS regulation, providing scope for future exploits. The rice grain development database (RGDD) ( www.nipgr.ac.in/RGDD/index.php; https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7762870) has been developed for easy access of data generated in this paper.

International audience; Survival analysis of DLBCL patients requires the interpretation of PET images characterised by multiple small lesions. Current machine-learning approaches addressing similar problems consider as input the cropped image of a single lesion or the whole volume. In this paper, we incorporate the information of all lesions by modeling their joint survival analysis with a graph learning approach. We propose a compact graph representation of the segmented lesions enriched by radiomics features and edge weights. The representation is fed to a graph attention network to predict the 2-year Progression-Free Survival of a DLBCL patient, formalised as a graph classification problem. Experimental results on a clinical prospective database with 583 patients show that our method improves over three baseline fusion approaches.

Event Tent is a mobile application that provides a reliable and easy-to-use online reservation system for wedding halls, party halls, and all other bookable venues. The application is designed to simplify the process of venue booking by providing a search facility that allows users to check the availability of venues and book them without having to physically visit the venue. The application provides comprehensive information about each venue, including facilities, amenities, and images, to assist users in making informed decisions. The application also offers a flexible booking system and an augmented reality platform to view personalized décor and also allow users to visualize and explore venues in 3D, providing an immersive experience that would help them make more informed decisions about which venue to choose. The app could also provide interactive virtual tours, real-time availability information, online booking capabilities, and reviews and ratings from previous users of the venues. With these features, the app would simplify and streamline the venue booking process, making it faster, more intuitive, and more enjoyable for users. Ultimately, an AR-powered venue booking app could significantly improve the event planning experience and help people create unforgettable events.