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Locus of control refers to how individuals perceive control in their lives and based on this perception, guides the motivation for their action, which can be internal or external. The locus of control, throughout more than 50 years of research, proved to be useful as a predictor attribute of individual diff erences and –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––* Correspondência: Leila Maria Ferreira Couto. Rua das Quaresmeiras, 162, Residencial Jardim das Palmeiras, Bosque, 13283-504, Vinhedo – SP, Brasil. Fones: (19) 3030-0721; (19) 99897-1977. leilamfc@terra.com.br. Este trabalho contou com o apoio fi nanceiro da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – CAPES. Couto, L. M. F., Baptista, M. N.2Cadernos de Psicologia, Ribeirão Preto, vol. 2, nº 1, p. 1-27 - Abril/2022has motivated the construction of diff erent scales for both, generalized and specifi c control expectations. However, these scales were constructed in the 1960s and 1970s using less advanced statistical methods than today, which may have generated inconsistent replication results of validity evidence regarding the internal structure of these instruments. The aim of this study was, from a scoping review, to investigate these psychometric properties of scales with generalized control expectations for adults. Forty-seven studies were selected that included analyzes of three scales: Rotter’s I-E Scale (1966), Levenson’s I-P-C Scale (1973, 1974), and Oviedo Locus of Control Scale from Suárez-Álvarez et al. (2016). The results pointed out gaps in the I-E and I-P-C scales, as well as recommendation of new studies with Oviedo Locus of Control Scale. Study limitations and suggestions for further investigations are discussed.

Framed by the philosophy of critical realism, this methodological article proposes a research design involving a case-study approach that combines netnography with social network analysis to study consumer behavior and social interactions in online communities. This research strategy holds to a critical realist stratified emergent ontology, in which the empirical domain, comprising the experiences and perceptions of consumers, is qualitatively analyzed through a form of ethnography adapted to the online environment. The actual domain is explored through a quantitative method based on graph theory that investigates structure and agency processes by analyzing the patterns of social interaction. It is argued that this dualist approach allows researchers to inquire into the deepest level of reality or the real domain and to focus on structures and generative mechanisms as objects of inquiry. The philosophical reasoning for combining netnography and social network analysis is discussed as well as the quality of the research work in terms of reliability, validity, and potential for generalization. Article visualizations

Resume Cette etude propose un retour d’experience sur les modalites de gestion et d’elimination des dechets contamines au Lutetium-177 (177Lu, Lu-177) instaurees dans le cadre des procedures de radiotherapie interne vectorisee au 177Lu-oxodotreotide (Lutathera®). Les traitements sont administres dans un box dedie du service de medecine nucleaire ou tous les dechets solides sont tries et collectes dans des contenants appropries. Des durees previsionnelles de stockage ont ete extrapolees a partir des resultats d’une campagne de mesures iteratives sur deux ans. Les effluents radioactifs des eviers chauds se deversent dans des cuves, dont l’activite volumique mesuree a la fermeture permet de calculer la duree d’entreposage avant vidange. L’activite du Lu-177 elimine par excretion renale dans les 6 heures qui suivent la fin de la perfusion du medicament radiopharmaceutique a ete evaluee a partir de l’analyse de prelevements urinaires. Les premieres mictions sont dirigees vers trois fosses tampons dont l’efficacite a ete estimee en comparant l’activite du Lu-177 qui entre dans le dispositif a celle qui en sort. Les resultats des controles semestriels, effectues par mesure en continu de l’activite volumique des effluents aux emissaires, ont permis d’evaluer la fraction de l’activite annuelle administree finalement rejetee dans les eaux usees et de definir des valeurs guides. L’impact des deversements radioactifs de l’etablissement sur l’exposition annuelle des travailleurs du reseau d’assainissement a ete quantifie avec l’outil de Calcul de l’Impact des Deversements Radioactifs dans les REseaux (CIDRRE) developpe par l’Institut de radioprotection et de surete nucleaire (IRSN).

The accelerated development of information and communication technology, the transformation of business activity, which has become more global and competitive, and the prevalence of services based on knowledge and information led to the appearance of new models of virtual teamwork, more flexible and adaptive, which go beyond the classical functional departmental barriers and require the collaboration of employees with diverse skills, judgments and expertise. The COVID-19 pandemic event accelerated the adoption of these new work models worldwide at a scale never seen before. Cross-cultural virtual teams can be found in several fields, such as research and product development, quality circles, affinity groups, outsourcing teams, customer services, helpdesk services, academic and research groups. Under the framework of crossvergence theory, this conceptual article explores the contingencies of cross-cultural virtual teams, discussing its main challenges and explores a set of practices for multicultural team management in the virtual environment. Article visualizations

Introduction The current pandemic caused by the new coronavirus (COVID-19), has become challenging for the health system.1 Pulmonary complication take patients to require ventilatory support and one of the interventions performed to improve then oxygenation is the prone position.2 In view of the current reality of patients with COVID-19 in a prone position, it is necessary to train cardiopulmonary resuscitation in this position.3 Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of two training methods, video and self-instructional guide, in the ability of chest compressions in prone position. Methods This is a randomized clinical trial. The sample consisted of nurses, nursing technicians, physiotherapists and residents of the intensive care and emergency unit of a public hospital. Randomization was performed in blocks of four using the Random @ system. Group 1 (G1) consisted of professionals who watched a validated video while practicing chest compression on a low-fidelity mannequin placed in the prone position. Group 2 (G2) consisted of professionals who practiced compression guided by a previously validated self-instructional guide. The study's outcome was the performance of chest compressions skills assessed before and after interventions, using a previously validated instrument. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (no. 4.016.959). Results Ninety-one professionals participated in the study (45 from group 1 and 46 from group 2). It was observed that there was an improvement in hand positioning (G1 pre: 16 professionals correctly and post: 31 (p0.001); G2 pre: 20 correct and post: 20 (p0.781), of body positioning (G1 pre: 32 professionals hit and post: 41; G2 pre: 32 hit and post: 39) and the frequency of compressions G1 pre: 10 professionals hit and post: 19 (p0.017); G2 pre: 13 hit and post: 16 (p0.363)) after the interventions. Statistically, when applying the test within each group, a p-value of 0.0003 was obtained in G1 (video) and 0.512 in G2 (self-instructional guide). Thus, we can infer that only group 1 (video) had a change when we compared the two moments. Conclusion The video associated with simulation was more effective than the self-instructional guide and can be used as an attractive and dynamic teaching tool. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) CPR in prone position

Supplemental material, Table_S1,_S2,_S3 for Examining the Dimensionality, Reliability, and Invariance of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale–21 (DASS-21) Across Eight Countries by Cristian Zanon, Rachel E. Brenner, Makilim N. Baptista, David L. Vogel, Mark Rubin, Fatima R. Al-Darmaki, Marta Gonçalves, Patrick J. Heath, Hsin-Ya Liao, Corey S. Mackenzie, Nursel Topkaya, Nathaniel G. Wade and Alina Zlati in Assessment

Life is plural and diverse, biodiverse. This reality has always provoked philosophy, the sciences, and also theology. But how does theological thinking reflect on this eco-human diversity? What about religious diversity? Are diversity and pluralism the same phenomenon? These questions express the aim of this article: to reflect on theology in the face of diversity and pluralism. With the methodology of bibliographic analysis, the article begins by discussing the challenges of this reality. Then it deals with how theology confronts diversity and pluralism. In the end, it reflects on the possibility of Latin American Liberation Theology being conceived as pluralist, articulating itself with the Theology of Religious Pluralism—especially from the 1990s. One of the exponents of the Latin American Liberation Theology that justifies such a paradigm shift is the theologian Leonardo Boff. With his outputs, Latin American theology starts to realize, from the ecological paradigm, the articulation between liberation and dialogue, then being called pluralistic liberation theology. The conclusions of the article point out that cultural change, the ecological paradigm and, recently, the questions of decolonial theology, have led theological thinking to transform more, facing the socio-environmental challenges of diversity, conflicts, and interreligious dialogue, accepting even more the awareness of pluralism.

A liquid crystal technique was used to determine average fluid-to-particle heat transfer coefficients (hfp) for single spherical hollow aluminium particles heating in carboxymethylcellulose solutions in continuous tube flow. The particles' linear and rotational velocities were also measured by videotaping the particle motion at a bottom position. Particles with different diameter and density were used in solutions with different viscosities and at different flow rates (7 < Reynolds < 284; 144 < Prandtl < 1755). The values of the average heat transfer coefficient were between 334 and 1497 W/m2C. The results showed that both the relative fluid-to-particle velocity and the particle rotational velocity influence the heat transfer coefficients, although it is not possible to individualize their effects. However, the addition of the individual effects, predicted by using published dimensionless correlations, yielded a good fit with the experimental values.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between neurodevelopment and the family environment resources of children from the coverage area of a Basic Health Unit (BHU) of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, using a tool based on the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with a non-probabilistic sample involving 298 children aged between 2-24 months old, who attended a BHU in 2010. The assessment of child development and family resources made at the BHU lasted, in average, 45 minutes and included two tests - an adaptation of the Handbook for Monitoring Child Development in the Context of IMCI and an adapted version of the Family Environment Resource (FER) inventary. The nonparametric tests of Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney were used for the statistical analysis. RESULTS: The sample included 291 assessments, with 18.2% of children between 18 and 24 months old, 53.6% male gender, and 91.4% who did not attend day care centers. According to IMCI, 31.7% of the children were in the risk group for developmental delay. The total average score in FER was 38.0 points. Although it has been found an association between the IMCI outcome and the total FER score, all groups had low scores in the family environment assessment. CONCLUSIONS: The data indicate the need for childhood development screening in the primary health care and for early intervention programs aimed at this age group. OBJETIVO: Analizar la asociación entre el desarrollo neuropsicomotor y los recursos del ambiente familiar de niños de dos a 24 meses del área de alcance de una Unidad Básica de Salud (UBS) de Belo Horizonte, utilizando instrumento basado en la estrategia Atención Integral de las Enfermedades Prevalentes en la Infancia (AIDPI). MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal con muestra no probabilística, del que participaron 298 niños de dos a 24 meses y que frecuentaban una UBS de Belo Horizonte, en 2010. La evaluación del desarrollo infantil y de los recursos familiares realizada en la UBS tuvo duración mediana de 45 minutos e incluyó la aplicación de dos pruebas - una adaptación del Manual para Vigilancia del Desarrollo Infantil en el Contexto de AIDPI y una versión adaptada del Inventario de Recursos del Ambiente Familiar (RAF). En el análisis estadístico, se utilizaron las pruebas no paramétricas de Kruskal-Wallis y de Mann-Whitney. RESULTADOS: La muestra contuvo 291 evaluaciones, siendo más grandes los porcentajes de niños de 18 a 24 meses (18,2%), del sexo masculino (53,6%) y que no frecuentaban guardería (91,4%). Los resultados obtenidos con la AIDPI demostraron que el 31,7% de los niños estaban en un grupo de riesgo para el retardo en el desarrollo. En el Inventario de RAF, la puntuación total mediana fue de 38,0 puntos. Aunque haya habido asociación del resultado de AIDPI con la puntuación total obtenida en el Inventario de RAF, todos los grupos presentaron baja puntuación en la evaluación del ambiente familiar. CONCLUSIONES: Los datos apuntan a la necesidad de rastreo del desarrollo infantil en la atención básica y de programas de intervención temprana dirigidos a esa franja de edad. OBJETIVO: Analisar a associação entre o desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor e os recursos do ambiente familiar de crianças da área de abrangência de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) de Belo Horizonte, utilizando instrumento baseado na estratégia Atenção Integral das Doenças Prevalentes na Infância (AIDPI). MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com amostra não probabilística, do qual participaram 298 crianças de dois a 24 meses que frequentavam uma UBS de Belo Horizonte, em 2010. A avaliação do desenvolvimento infantil e dos recursos familiares feita na UBS teve duração média de 45 minutos e incluiu a aplicação de dois testes - uma adaptação do Manual para Vigilância do Desenvolvimento Infantil no Contexto da AIDPI e uma versão adaptada do Inventário de Recursos do Ambiente Familiar (RAF). Na análise estatística, utilizaram-se os testes não paramétricos de Kruskal-Wallis e de Mann-Whitney. RESULTADOS: A amostra conteve 291 avaliações, sendo maiores as porcentagens de crianças de 18 a 24 meses (18,2%), do sexo masculino (53,6%) e que não frequentavam creche (91,4%). Os resultados obtidos com a AIDPI demonstraram que 31,7% das crianças estavam em um grupo de risco para o atraso no desenvolvimento. No Inventário RAF, a pontuação total média foi de 38,0 pontos. Embora tenha havido associação do resultado da AIDPI com a pontuação total obtida no Inventário RAF, todos os grupos apresentaram baixa pontuação na avaliação do ambiente familiar. CONCLUSÕES: Os dados apontam para a necessidade de triagem do desenvolvimento infantil na atenção básica e de programas de intervenção precoce voltados para essa faixa etária.

The residence time distribution of large solid particles in fluid suspensions was determined in a tubular continuous processing system. Different flow conditions covering both laminar and transient frow regimes were studied for particles with different diameter and density. Experiments were performed for single particles and for suspensions with 1% vlv concentration. The results showed that even for low particle concentrations, particle interactions promote an increased mean residence time and dispersion. Residence time distribution of mixtures of two different types of particles were also measured for diflerent flow conditions. It was concluded that mixing particles with different characteristics often promotes a decrease both in the mean and minimum residence time of each type of particle, although in some situations the opposite was observed. Copyright 0 1996 Elsevier Science Limited

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T21:25:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-11-22 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Clinica de Alergologia, Pouso Alegre CEIS/Departamento de Biologia Instituto de Biociências UNESP, Rio Claro Departamento de Alergia e Imunopatologia Faculdade de Medicina da USP, São Paulo INCT-Imunologia/CNPq, Rio Claro CEIS/Departamento de Biologia Instituto de Biociências UNESP, Rio Claro

In the aseptic processing of particulate fluid foods, the residence time distribution of particles and the fluid-to-particle heat transfer are intimately related to the linear and rotational velocities of the particles. The development of models correlating these velocities with fluid and particle characteristics and with operating conditions is therefore very useful, as it provides a fast method to estimate fluid-to-particle heat transfer coeficients without measuring the actual particle velocities. The models can further be used to estimate the average residence time of the particles. Data for modelling particle linear and rotational velocities were obtained by videotaping the flow, along the wall, of individual spherical particles in transparent 2-m long straight tubes. Linear and rotational velocities were correlated with generalized Reynolds, Archimedes and Froude numbers, to the particle-to-@id density simplex and to the particleltube diameter ratio. The models obtained had correlation coefficients of 0.89 and 0.86 for the particle linear and rotational velocities, respectively. @ 1997 Elsevier Science Limited. All rights reserved

Average fluid-to-particle heat transfer coefficients were experimentally determined for spherical aluminium particles heated in car☐ymethylcellulose solutions. Two situations were considered: a still panicle immersed in a moving fluid, and a particle rotating in an otherwise stagnant fluid. Fluid flow rate, rotating particle velocity, particle diameter and fluid rheological properties were varied, covering a large range of the generalized Reynolds (0 to 801) and Prandtl (69 to 5358) numbers. Average heat transfer coefficients ranged between 56 and 2612 W/m 2 K. The results were compared with values predicted by published dimensionless correlations, showing that correlations based on a Fro¨szling-type equation were more adequate. It was found that the contribution due to natural convection should be considered for proper correlation of the results at low Reynolds numbers. The results also show the importance of the fluid velocity profile.

Residence time of particles and fluid-to-particle heat transfer coefficient, two of the major unknowns in the aseptic processing of particulate fluid foods, are intimately related with the linear and rotational velocities of the solid particles. These two velocities were measured by videotaping the flow of individual spherical particles in transparent straight tubes. The effect of fluid velocity and viscosity, particle diameter and density and tube diameter and upward inclination was statistically evaluated using a replicated full factorial design at two levels. Particle linear velocities between around one third of the average fluid velocity and 15% higher were obtained. Rotational velocities were usually lower, but of the same order of magnitude. Particle density and particle diameter had a signifi-cant effect on the two particle velocities analysed. The effect of fluid velocity was just noticeable for the linear velocity, with the particle velocity approaching or even exceeding the fluid velocity for the higher flow rates. The fluid viscosity influence was mainly evident on the rotational velocity, with the more viscous solutions slowing down the rotation.

Ensuring product safety and constant quality in aseptic processing of particulate fluid foods can be a problem if feed particle concentration varies with time. the variability of particle concentration distributions from a vertical stirred feed tank was measured as standard deviations of mean particle concentrations at the tank outlet and as differences between this concentration and the bulk concentration in the tank. the influence of some operating variables (volume of fluid in the tank, rotational speed of the agitating paddles, bulk particle concentration, liquid viscosity and flow rate) was studied using a factorial experimental design at two levels. an operating chart was drawn, using response surface analysis for selecting the optimum volume of fluid in the tank as a function of particle concentration and fluid viscosity.

Summary The effect of large solid particles on the residence time distribution of the fluid in two-phase flow was studied in a pilot scale continuous tubular system. The residence time distribution was characterized with four parameters: the normalized minimum and mean residence time, the normalized standard deviation and the skewness. The effect of particle concentration (1 and 3%) and particle diameter (diameters approximately 0.3 and 0.4 of the tube diameter) were analysed for fluids with different viscosities and at different flow rates. It was observed that the presence of particles, even at very low concentration, has a significant effect, increasing the mean residence time and decreasing the standardized dispersion. This effect was attributed to particles breaking the velocity profile of the fluid and causing some localized mixing due to their rotational velocity. Although the presence of particles affected the results, their concentration (or number) was not relevant, in the range tested, which is very low for particulate foods.