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PurposeStudies on the association between peripheral neuropathy (PN) and patient-reported outcomes have mostly overlooked sleep quality. Therefore, we aimed to assess the association between PN and sleep quality in a population-based sample of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients up two years after diagnosis. MethodsAll newly diagnosed CRC patients from four Dutch hospitals were eligible for participation. Patients (N=340) completed questionnaires about PN (EORTC QLQ-CIPN20) and sleep (PSQI) before initial treatment (baseline) and one and two years after diagnosis. ResultsPatients who developed sensory PN (n=76) or motor PN (n=79) after treatment more often reported poor sleeping scores (PSQI>5) compared with those who did not develop SPN or MPN at 1-year (SPN: 38% vs. 261%, MPN: 37% vs. 14%) and 2-year follow-up (SPN: 38 vs. 23%, MPN: 37% vs. 18%) (all pConclusionsBoth SPN and MPN were significantly associated with the course of sleep quality among CRC patients up to two years after diagnosis. Clinicians should be encouraged to discuss sleep quality with their patients who either report PN or are at risk of developing PN. Implications for survivors: Improving sleep quality among survivors with PN is important, either by reducing PN symptoms, or directly targeting sleep

The national meat self-sufficiency program in Indonesia aims to increase the cattle population to meet the country's meat consumption. Beer dregs are a potential alternative feed supplement, as they contain high crude protein and soluble carbohydrates that can affect the rumen microbial population. In addition, essential oil biostimulators derived from citronella are added to the feed as a mixture of reinforcing feed to support cattle health and productivity. This study investigates the effect of essential biostimulators in supplementary feed as a mixture of reinforcing feed on the haematological and nutrient profiles of beef cattle serum, using the case study of beef cattle fattening in People's Livestock. Results showed that the addition of citronella essential oil improved nutrient digestibility and rumen health, and the combination of beer dregs and essential biostimulators positively impacted the haematological and nutrient profiles of beef cattle serum.

Resumen La relación entre las respuestas de afrontamiento y la ansiedad ante exámenes fue abordada por distintas investigaciones. Sin embargo, no se han hallado estudios acerca de los perfiles de afrontamiento y su relación con la ansiedad ante exámenes. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo estudiar los perfiles de afrontamiento de 100 estudiantes de Psicología y su relación con la ansiedad ante exámenes. Se halló una solución de tres conglomerados bien diferenciados respecto de las puntuaciones medias de respuestas de afrontamiento. Se halló que los participantes pertenecientes al clúster de puntuaciones más bajas en todas las respuestas de afrontamiento experimentaron menor nivel de preocupación, emocionalidad y ansiedad ante exámenes global. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos resultados. Abstract The relationship between coping responses and test anxiety was addressed by different investigations. However, no studies have been found about coping profiles and their relationship to test anxiety. The objective of this research was to study the coping profiles of 100 psychology students and their relationship with test anxiety. A solution of three well differentiated clusters was found regarding the mean scores of coping responses. It was found that the participants belonging to the cluster with the lowest scores in all the coping responses experienced a lower level of concern, emotionality and global test anxiety. The implications of these results are discussed. Resumo A relação entre respostas de enfrentamento e ansiedade no teste foi abordada por diferentes investigações. No entanto, não foram encontrados estudos sobre perfis de enfrentamento e sua relação com o teste de ansiedade. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar os perfis de enfrentamento de 100 estudantes de psicologia e sua relação com a ansiedade do teste. Foi encontrada uma solução de três grupos bem diferenciados em relação aos escores médios das respostas de enfrentamento. Verificou-se que os participantes pertencentes ao cluster com as pontuações mais baixas em todas as respostas de enfrentamento experimentaram um nível mais baixo de preocupação, emocionalidade e ansiedade antes dos exames globais. As implicações desses resultados são discutidas. Résumé La relation entre les réponses d’adaptation et l’anxiété du test a été abordée par différentes enquêtes. Cependant, aucune étude n’a été trouvée sur les profils d’adaptation et leur relation avec le test d’anxiété. L’objectif de cette recherche était d’étudier les profils d’adaptation de 100 étudiants en psychologie et leur relation avec l’anxiété liée aux tests. Une solution de 3 grappes bien différenciées a été trouvée concernant les scores moyens de réponses d’adaptation. Il a été constaté que les participants appartenant au groupe ayant les scores les plus bas dans toutes les réponses d’adaptation ont connu un niveau de préoccupation, d’émotivité et d’anxiété au test global plus faibles. Les implications de ces résultats sont discutées.

This deliverable reports initialsteps towards a catalogue of Minimum Viable Skillset (MVS) Profiles. These describe key skills and competences for roles that enable researchers, professionals, and stakeholders to practice Open Science (OS) with the support of the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC).MVS Profiles draw on available skills resources, including competence frameworks, and are proposed as an aid to developing skills through curricula and course design.Each MVS Profile relates the essential skills to the Open Science (OS) practices, activities, and outcomes that may typically be expected of the role concerned. TheAnnex to D2.1 offers examples of Minimum Viable Skillset (MVS) Profiles, and provides an example demonstrating how these MVS may be annotated and summarised using Open Science Skills Terms based on available terminologies. Each MVS describes key skills and competences for a role involved in practising Open Science (OS) with the support of the EOSC. MVS Profiles are synthesised from established competences frameworks and resources. They are proposed as an aid to skills development, especially curriculum and course design.Each MVS Profile relates a skillset to the Open Science (OS) practices, activities, and outcomes that may typically be expected of the role concerned. The methodology is further described in the main D2.1 report.

This article identifies a broad range of internet user profiles, which are relevant for an understanding of the social use of information technology. These profiles reflect particular forms of linkage between individuals’ social positions and how they use the internet., Este artigo identifica um conjunto diversificado de perfis de utilizadores da internet que se revelam pertinentes para o conhecimento acerca do uso social das tecnologias da informação. Estes perfis espelham fórmulas particulares de articulação entre os posicionamentos sociais dos indivíduos e os respectivos usos que fazem da internet.

Exposure to family violence (EFV) is proposed as a relevant antecedent of child-to-parent violence (CPV). However, both previous research and practitioner experience suggest that not all cases of CPV involve EFV. This study aimed to identify profiles of adolescents according to their degree of involvement in CPV and their EFV. A sample of 1647 adolescents (mean age = 14.30, SD = 1.21; 50.5% boys) completed measures of CPV, witnessing family violence, victimization by parents, permissive parenting, parental warmth, and several measures of cognitive and emotional characteristics. Latent profile analyses based on measures of CPV and family characteristics supported a four-profile solution. Profile 1 (82.2%) consisted of adolescents with very low scores on both CPV and exposure to family violence. Profile 2 (6.2%) was characterized by medium scores on psychological CPV and high EFV. Profile 3 (9.7%) was characterized by severe psychological CPV and very low EFV. Profile 4 (1.9%) included adolescents with the highest scores on CPV, including physical violence, and high EFV. These profiles were found to differ from each other according to several cognitive and emotional variables of the adolescents. Therefore, not all CPV profiles were associated with a history of EFV. The obtained profiles have implications for interventions.

El presente módulo se orienta en el desarrollo y modelamiento de geometrías para rotores de máquinas hidráulicas axiales basadas en el diseño asistido por computador o software CAD. En este sentido, es importante enfatizar dos puntos principales. Inicialmente, la relevancia de la temática tratada en este documento para los estudiantes de ingeniería, ya que el modelamiento de dichas geometrías son la plataforma que permite desarrollar y/u optimizar máquinas hidráulicas que aprovechen las energías renovables como la eólica o la corriente de los ríos, sin impactos relevantes en el medio ambiente. Esta temática cobra mayor importancia cuando el impacto se pude dar en las zonas no interconectadas al sistema de energía eléctrica nacional, las cuales, representaban para el año 2017, el 52% del territorio colombiano y una población aproximada de 1.900.000 habitantes (Superintendencia Delegada para Energía y Gas Combustible, 2017). Por otro lado, la literatura especializada en el modelamiento de componentes por medio de software CAD, trata temáticas generales que aportan para el desarrollo del estudiante, pero es una tarea compleja encontrar documentos que proporcionen información específica acerca del modelamiento de geometrías para máquinas hidráulicas axiales. Por lo tanto, este módulo procura favorecer la aplicación de conocimientos generales en temáticas puntuales de máquinas hidráulicas y acercar a los estudiantes a la solución de problemáticas de interés regional, nacional y global. This module focuses on the development and modeling of rotor geometries for axial hydraulic machines based on computer-aided design or CAD software. In this regard, it is important to emphasize two main points. Initially, the relevance of the topic covered in this document for engineering students, since the modeling of said geometries is the platform that allows the development and/or optimization of hydraulic machines that take advantage of renewable energies such as wind power or river currents. , without relevant impacts on the environment. This issue becomes more important when the impact could occur in areas not interconnected to the national electric power system, which, in 2017, represented 52% of the Colombian territory and a population of approximately 1,900,000 inhabitants (Delegated Superintendency for Energy and Fuel Gas, 2017). On the other hand, the specialized literature on the modeling of components by means of CAD software deals with general topics that contribute to the development of the student, but it is a complex task to find documents that provide specific information about the modeling of geometries for axial hydraulic machines. Therefore, this module seeks to promote the application of general knowledge in specific topics of hydraulic machines and bring students closer to the solution of problems of regional, national and global interest.

Background A new definition of metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) has recently been proposed to stratify the heterogeneous mortality risk of obesity. Metabolomic profiling provides clues to metabolic alterations beyond clinical definition. We aimed to evaluate the association between MHO and cardiovascular events and assess its metabolomic pattern. Methods This prospective study included Europeans from two population-based studies, the FLEMENGHO and the Hortega study. A total of 2339 participants with follow-up were analyzed, including 2218 with metabolomic profiling. Metabolic health was developed from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the UK biobank cohorts and defined as systolic blood pressure 2). Participants were classified into six subgroups according to BMI category and metabolic healthy status. Outcomes were fatal and nonfatal composited cardiovascular events. Results Of 2339 participants, the mean age was 51 years, 1161 (49.6%) were women, 434 (18.6%) had obesity, 117 (5.0%) were classified as MHO, and both cohorts had similar characteristics. Over a median of 9.2-year (3.7–13.0) follow-up, 245 cardiovascular events occurred. Compared to those with metabolically healthy normal weight, individuals with metabolic unhealthy status had a higher risk of cardiovascular events, regardless of BMI category (adjusted HR: 3.30 [95% CI: 1.73–6.28] for normal weight, 2.50 [95% CI: 1.34–4.66] for overweight, and 3.42 [95% CI: 1.81–6.44] for obesity), whereas those with MHO were not at increased risk of cardiovascular events (HR: 1.11 [95% CI: 0.36–3.45]). Factor analysis identified a metabolomic factor mainly associated with glucose regulation, which was associated with cardiovascular events (HR: 1.22 [95% CI: 1.10–1.36]). Individuals with MHO tended to present a higher metabolomic factor score than those with metabolically healthy normal weight (0.175 vs. -0.057, P = 0.019), and the score was comparable to metabolically unhealthy obesity (0.175 vs. -0.080, P = 0.91). Conclusions Individuals with MHO may not present higher short-term cardiovascular risk but tend to have a metabolomic pattern associated with higher cardiovascular risk, emphasizing a need for early intervention.

Research has indicated that early educators’ intervention fidelity is a significant predictor of children's responsiveness to classroom interventions. To improve understanding of predictors of intervention fidelity in early childhood settings, this study adopted a person-centered approach to identify profiles of “implementation readiness” in 1,192 Danish educators, and to examine relations with implementation fidelity. Multilevel latent profile analyses including setting-level characteristics as well as characteristics particular to the individual educator, showed reliable profiles of general and intervention-specific implementation readiness, which were associated with proportion of fulltime educators, employees with a teaching-related pre-service education, and investment in professional development. Higher and more positive implementation readiness predicted implementation dosage and adherence to early childhood interventions.

Background: Interprofessional primary health care teams are groups of health care professionals who bring together different expertise to provide high quality care to patients in a coordinated, integrated, seamless and accessible manner. Interprofessional primary health care teams operationalize the main model of care organization currently being implemented in Quebec. Although this model of care is conceptualized as homogeneous in terms of organizational structure, the underlying characteristics of this structure can vary considerably. Little is known about the nature and extent of this variability and its relationship to the characteristics of the populations that interprofessional teams serve. Objective: This cross-sectional study aims to develop a typology of interprofessional primary health care teams, first by describing the different organizational profiles of these teams, and then by examining the association between the characteristics of the populations served and the organizational profiles. Methods: A mixture model analysis was performed to describe the different organizational profiles among the 368 interprofessional primary health care teams in Quebec. Administrative data from the Ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux were used and the following organizational characteristics were considered: numbers of full-time equivalent nurse practitioners, regular nurses, social workers, and other health professionals, number of physicians, type of institution (network, academic, regular), sector (private, public, mixed), presence of a pharmacist, number of patients enrolled, attendance rate, and partnership with another health institution. The optimal number of profiles was determined by the Akaike and Bayesian information criterion and by clinical significance. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to examine the association between the characteristics of the populations served and the organizational profiles. Variables assessed in the model were rurality and proportions of vulnerable patients, pregnant women, patients identified as disadvantaged, those receiving home support, and those living in a long-term care facility and a measure of rurality. Results: The analysis revealed that interprofessional primary care teams were heterogeneous in terms of their organizational structure and could be classified into five distinct profiles that varied in size, composition, and focus of the team, area, and degree of partnership with other health care facilities. The five profiles were ‘Very small, private, regular, high partnered, balanced team’ (n=99; 26.9%); ‘Small, private, regular, moderately partnered, balanced team’ (n=101; 27.5%); ‘Medium, public, academically- oriented, moderately partnered, practitioner-oriented’ (n=58; 15.8%); ‘Large, private, regular, very low partnered, balanced team’ (n=50; 13.6%); and ‘Very large, private, mixed, very low partnered, balanced team’ team (n=60; 16.3%). In addition, pregnant women (Odds Ratio [OR] = 2.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.98-3.91), disadvantaged patients ([OR] = 1.62, [CI] 1.15-2.28), those receiving home care ([OR] = 1.85, [CI] 1.28-2, 66) were more likely to be served by teams in the ‘Medium, public, academically- oriented, moderately partnered, practitioner-oriented’ profile than by a team in the ‘Very small, private, regular, high partnered, balanced team’ profile. A significant association was found between the level of rurality and the size of the interprofessional primary care team ([OR] = 0.69, [CI] 1.74-3.80). Rural patients were less likely to be served by teams from the "Medium, public, academically oriented, low partnership, practitioner-oriented team" profile ([OR] = 0.66, [CI] 0.50-0.86) and by one of the "Very large, private, mixed, very low partnership, balanced team" profile teams ([OR] = 0.69, [CI] 0.53-0.90) , than by teams from the "Very small, private, regular, high partnered, balanced team" profile. There was no statistically significant association between patients living in long-term care facilities and organizational profiles. Conclusion: This study uncovered a complex organizational typology of interprofessional primary care teams currently implemented in Quebec. These findings may inform the development of health practices and policies to optimize the structure of interprofessional primary care teams to better meet the specific needs of their populations., Contexte : Les équipes interprofessionnelles de soins de santé primaires sont des regroupements de professionnels de la santé qui rassemblent différentes expertises afin d’offrir des soins de manière coordonnée, intégrée, continue et accessible. Les équipes interprofessionnelles de soins de santé primaires constituent le principal modèle de soins primaires mis en œuvre actuellement au Québec. Bien que ce modèle de soins soit conceptualisé comme homogène en termes de structure organisationnelle, les caractéristiques sous-jacentes à cette structure peuvent varier de façon considérable. Or, on sait peu de choses sur la nature et l’étendue de cette variabilité et sur sa relation avec les caractéristiques des populations que les équipes interprofessionnelles desservent. Objectif : Cette étude transversale vise à développer une typologie des équipes interprofessionnelles de soins de santé primaires, d’abord en décrivant les différents profils organisationnels de ces équipes, et ensuite en examinant l’association entre les caractéristiques des populations desservies et les profils organisationnels. Méthodes : Une analyse de modèles de mélange a été réalisée afin de décrire les différents profilsorganisationnels parmi les 368 équipes interprofessionnelles de soins de santé primaires au Québec. Les données administratives du Ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux ont été utilisées et les caractéristiques organisationnelles suivantes ont été prises en compte: les nombres d'équivalents temps plein d'infirmières praticiennes, d'infirmières régulières, de travailleurs sociaux et d’autres professionnels de la santé, le nombre de médecins, le type d’établissement (réseau, académique, régulier), le secteur (privé, public, mixte), la présence d'un pharmacien, le nombre de patients inscrits, le taux d’assiduité et le partenariat avec un autre établissement de santé. Le nombre optimal de profils a été déterminé par les critères d’information d’Akaike et Bayésien et selon la signification clinique. Une régression logistique multinomiale a été estimée pour examiner l’association entre les caractéristiques des populations desservies et les profils organisationnels. Les caractéristiques populationnelles évaluées dans le modèle étaient les proportions de patients vulnérables, de femmes enceintes, de patients identifiés comme défavorisés, de personnes qui reçoivent un soutien à domicile et de personnes qui vivent dans un centre d’hébergement de soins de longue durée ainsi que le niveau de ruralité. Résultats : L'analyse a révélé que les équipes interprofessionnelles de soins de santé primaires sont hétérogènes pour ce qui est de leur structure organisationnelle et peuvent être classées en cinq profils distincts qui varient en fonction de la taille, de la composition et de l'orientation de l'équipe, du secteur et du degré de partenariat avec d'autres établissements de santé. Les cinq profils se décrivent comme suit : « Très petite équipe, privée, régulière, à haut niveau de partenariat et équipeéquilibrée » (n=99; 26.9%); « Petite, privée, régulière, à partenariat modeste, équipe équilibrée » (n=101; 27.5%); « Moyenne, publique, d'orientation académique, à faible partenariat, équipe orientée vers les praticiens » (n=58; 15.8%) ; « Grande, privée, régulière, à très faible partenariat, équipe équilibrée » (n=50; 13.6%); et « Très grande, privée, mixte, à très faible partenariat, équipeéquilibrée » (n=60; 16.3%). En outre, les femmes enceintes (rapport de cotes [RC] = 2,78, intervalle de confiance [IC] de 95 % 1,98-3,91), les patients défavorisés ([RC] = 1,62, [IC] 1,15- 2,28) et les personnes bénéficiant de soins à domicile ([RC] = 1,85, [IC] 1,28- 2,66) avaient des probabilités plus élevées d’être desservies par des équipes provenant du profil « Moyenne, publique, d'orientation académique, à faible partenariat, équipe orientée vers les praticiens », que par des équipes du profil « Très petite, privée, régulière, à haut niveau de partenariat et équipe équilibrée ». Les patients vivant en milieu rural avaient des probabilités plus faibles d'être desservispar des équipes du profil « Moyenne, publique, d'orientation académique, à faible partenariat, équipe orientée vers les praticiens » ([RC] = 0,66, [CI] 0,50-0,86) ou par des équipes du profil « Très grande, privée, mixte, à très faible partenariat, équipe équilibrée » ([RC] = 0,69, [CI] 0,53- 0,90), que par des équipes provenant du profil « Très petite, privée, régulière, à haut niveau de partenariat et équipe équilibrée ». Il n'y avait pas d'association statistiquement significative entre les patients vivant dans des centres de soins de longue durée et les profils organisationnels. Conclusion : Ce projet a révélé une typologie complexe de l'hétérogénéité organisationnelle des équipes interprofessionnelles de soins de santé primaires mis en œuvre actuellement au Québec. Ces résultats pourront servir de fondement à l'élaboration de pratiques et de politiques de santé visant à optimiser la structure des équipes interprofessionnelles de soins de santé afin de mieux répondre aux besoins spécifiques de leurs populations.

Residential care continues to be the primary child protection measure for children in Mexico given the limited access to family placements and family support programmes. Legislation regulating residential care homes was not enacted until 2014. The first census of children in care was conducted in 2015. Prior to that year, key information such as how many children were placed in residential care, who was caring after them, what kinds of living conditions they faced, and their families histories was not well documented. To date, there remains a lack of reliable information on the number of children in residential care but it is estimated to be approximately 26,000. The lack of oversight has contributed to serious violations of children's rights. This article presents an overview of residential care in Mexico, including profiles of the children, families, and professionals involved. It also outlines the residential care process and various factors involved in decision-making, with special attention to children from minoritized groups. We conclude that residential care in Mexico still presents a myriad of challenges and obstacles to providing comprehensive care for children.

This article presents a conceptual model that explores the extent to which various (non)-users can be subjected to mechanisms of inclusion or exclusion. The model consists of eight profiles of digital inequalities, ranging from deep exclusion to deep inclusion, and is based upon a combination of five key indicators at the social level (income, education, social participation, agency, well-being) and eight key indicators at the digital level (access, attitudes, digital skills, soft skills, media richness of the environment, autonomy of use, user practices and social support). This conceptual model, by going further than socio-demographics, (a) allows the formulation of an alternative lens through which to look at mechanisms of inclusion and exclusion and (b) brings a significant contribution to existing research by highlighting the co-action of social and digital indicators in mechanisms of inclusion and exclusion.

In this study, dried or encapsulated Nannochloropsis oculata microalgal biomass was used in spread samples (0.00-0.75 g (100 g)(-1) spread) as natural pigment source. Physicochemical properties, color stability, and rheological and sensory properties were investigated to assess the possibility of using microalgae biomass in white chocolate spread (WCS). The results showed that the chlorophyll-a amount increased while water activity, L*, a*, b*, and C* values significantly decreased upon incorporation of increased quantities of microalgae into WCS. Under accelerated shelf-life conditions for 35 days (25 degrees C/70% RH), Delta E values for all spread samples were determined as < 3.0 which is critical limit for the color stability. Additionally, the sensory evaluation showed that spreads prepared with 0.125-0.500 g (100 g)(-1) spread microalgae biomass presented acceptable sensory attributes. According to the results studies performed with trained panelists, the sensory appearance and textural parameters of white chocolates spreads did not modify by microalgae addition (P > 0.05). The encapsulation application had advantages in terms of pigment amount and color stability. As a result, the use of N. oculata biomass may be an alternative ingredient to develop colored-spread products after drying or encapsulation by using spray-dryer method.

Physalis alkekengi L. (Solanaceae) is encountered in different regions of Bulgaria as a wild growing or ornamental plant. The objective of this work was to characterize the phytochemical composition (macro and micro components) of the leaves and stems of two local phenotypes (PA-SB and PA-NB), with the view of revealing their use potential. The dry leaves contained (DW) protein (16.25 and 19.27%), cellulose (25.16 and 25.31%), and ash (18.28 and 16.16%) and the stems contained protein (6.83 and 7.35%), cellulose (39.34 and 38.25%), and ash (15.01 and 7.48%) for PA-SB and PA-NB, respectively. The dominant amino acids (by HPLC) in the leaves of both phenotypes were arginine (21.3-22.3 mg/g) and aspartic acid (8.8-18.4 mg/g), and those in the stems were proline and aspartic acid for PA-SB (8.8, 7.7 mg/g); isoleucine and tyrosine for PA-NB (12.8, 6.6 mg/g). Mineral elements, determined by AAS (K, Ca, Mg, Na, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn, Pb, Cr), also varied between phenotypes and plant parts. The leaves alone were further processed by extraction with n-hexane, for the identification of leaf volatiles (by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). The analysis identified 28 components (97.99%) in the leaf extract of PA-SB and 32 components (97.50%) in that of PA-NB. The volatile profile of PA-SB leaves was dominated by diterpenes (49.96%) and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (35.61%), while that of PA-NB was dominated by oxygenated aliphatics (40.01%) and diterpenes (35.19%). To the best of our knowledge, the study provides the first data about the phytochemical composition of the leaves and stems of P. alkekengi from Bulgaria, in a direct comparison of phenotypes from two distinct wild populations, which could be of further scientific interest. AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; [2021-29] The authors deeply acknowledge the Researchers Supporting Program (TUMA Project-2021-29), AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, for supporting steps of this work.

School engagement is considered a key variable in promoting educational trajectories. Previous research shows that maintaining high levels of school engagement is fundamental, given its association with multiple academic results and lower-risk behaviors. This article aims to show how school engagement profiles (based on the behavioral, affective, and cognitive subdimensions) relate to academic achievement (math and language), contextual factors (family, teachers, and peer support), and gender. This study involved 527 students enrolled in the 1st year of secondary education in public schools in Chile. All students came from vulnerable schools. Our study used cluster analysis to identify students’ profiles. We identified the existence of three different profiles of school engagement (high, medium, and low) considering the three subdimensions of school engagement (behavioral, affective and cognitive). Secondly, ANOVA analysis showed differences in language and math academic achievement scores between the profiles, where higher engagement students showed higher academic performance in language and math. These findings are consistent with previous studies showing that contextual factors strongly influence school engagement and better behavioral engagement in female than male students. It will discuss the pertinence of person-centered approaches focusing on combinations of variables within students rather than taking each variable as the focal point when analyzing goals. These techniques are a favorable methodological alternative to investigate why some students have better results than others instead of just ranking students by their performance. It will conclude with some future lines of research and practical implications. Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo 1210172 Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico 1210172

The study aims were to (1) identify perceived motor competence (PMC) and actual motor competence (AMC) profiles in children at two time points (early and middle childhood) 3 years apart, (2) explore transitions between the profiles from T1 to T2, and (3) investigate how PMC-AMC profiles at T1 differ in their mean values for AMC and PMC variables at T2. PMC was assessed by the pictorial scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence for young children (PMSC). At T1, AMC was measured with Test of Gross Motor Development–third version (TGMD-3), and at T2, a shortened TGMD-3 was used. To identify the PMC-AMC profiles using latent profile analysis, the Mplus statistical package (version 8.7) was used. For aim 3, the Bolck-Croon-Hagenaars (BCH) method was used. There were 480 children (mean age 6.26 years, 51.9% boys) at T1, 647 children (mean age 8.76 years, 48.8% boys) at T2 (some children were too young to have the PMC assessment at T1), and 292 at both time points. For aim 1, three profiles were identified at each time point for each gender. Boys had two realistic profiles with medium and low levels of PMC-AMC, and an overestimation profile. Girls had a medium realistic profile, an overestimation, and an underestimation profile. The PMC-AMC profile in early childhood predicted the PMC-AMC profile (aim 2) and AMC and PMC variables (aim 3) in middle childhood, especially if a child had low PMC in early childhood. Children with low PMC in early childhood are at risk of low PMC and less AMC development in middle childhood. peerReviewed

Creative tourism has recently emerged as an important area of tourism development, particularly in the Global North. In the Global South, studies of the profile of creative tourists and their motives for partaking in creative tourism are limited. This paper investigates creative tourism demand among South African millennials, analysing what motivates their participation and developing a descriptive consumer profile. CHAID analysis was used for segmentation, revealing a group with a high participation intention and a second group with a low probability of creative tourism participation. Creative tourism intentions were linked to knowledge acquisition, skills and escape motivations, and demographic characteristics including relationship status and gender. Respondents were more likely to participate in domestic rather than international creative tourism, indicating the potential for creative tourism development in South Africa. The findings could help managers and policymakers meet the needs of creative tourists, addressing shortfalls in product development, experience design and marketing.

Introduction: Relatively little is known about individual differences in adolescent psychological flexibility and its associations with symptoms of stress and depression. This study examined different profiles of adolescent stress and depressive symptoms and their associations with developing psychological flexibility before the critical educational transition. Methods: The data were derived from a general sample of 740 Finnish ninth-grade adolescents (Mage = 15.7 years, 57% female) who were assessed twice during the final grade of their basic education. The data were analyzed using growth mixture modeling. Results: Four profiles of stress and depressive symptoms were identified during a school year: 1) no stress and no depressive symptoms (None; 69%); 2) mild and decreasing stress and depressive symptoms (Decreasing; 15%); 3) low but increasing stress and depressive symptoms (Increasing; 6%); and 4) high and stable levels of stress and depressive symptoms (High; 10%). The adolescents in these profiles differed from each other in their initial levels and changes of psychological flexibility. The initial level of psychological flexibility was highest in the no-symptom profile group. We observed simultaneous change trends in symptoms and psychological flexibility during a school year. When symptoms decreased, psychological flexibility increased, and when symptoms increased, psychological flexibility decreased. Conclusions: A bidirectional pattern of relationships between psychological flexibility and psychological symptoms was found. Despite initially high level of skills in psychological flexibility, some adolescents, unexpectedly, experienced increased symptoms of stress and depression during the school year. The results call for further studies to explore in-depth the developmental diversity in adolescents’ well-being and its antecedents. peerReviewed

Background: ‪‪Knowing all the features required for elite performance in sports disciplines under the name of combat sports is among the most important parameters for discipline-specific talent identification and selection. Material and methods: ‪‪The research group consists of male and female athletes within the age range of 12–17 who are licensed in taekwondo, karate, judo, and wrestling. A total of 70 athletes, 21 elite and 49 non-elite athletes, participated in the study voluntarily. Anthropometric, athletic and motor competency tests were applied to determine the elite performance elements of the groups. Results: Comparing the elite and non-elite athletes, statistically significant differences were found in favor of the elite group (p0.05). Conclusions: ‪There seem to be important distinctions between athletes who reach the national peak and those who do not, in terms of height, sitting height, body weight, speed, anaerobic power, grip strength, upper extremity and core strength, as well as motor competency related to anaerobic power.

This work was funded by the French National Cancer Institute (grant number 2015-166). Mathilde His' work reported here was undertaken during the tenure of a postdoctoral fellowship awarded by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, financed by the Fondation ARC. The coordination of EPIC is financially supported by International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and also by the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, which has additional infrastructure support provided by the NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre (BRC). The national cohorts are supported by Danish Cancer Society (Denmark); Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Gustave Roussy, Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) (France); German Cancer Aid, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) (Germany); Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro-AIRC-Italy, Compagnia di SanPaolo and National Research Council (Italy); Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports (VWS), LK Research Funds, Dutch Prevention Funds, Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland), World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) (The Netherlands); Health Research Fund (FIS) - Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Regional Governments of Andalucia, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia and Navarra, and the Catalan Institute of Oncology-ICO (Spain); Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Research Council and County Councils of Skane and Vasterbotten (Sweden); and Cancer Research UK (14136 to EPIC-Norfolk (DOI 10.22025/2019.10.105.00004); C8221/A29017 to EPIC-Oxford), Medical Research Council (1000143, MR/N003284/1, MC-UU_12015/1 and MC_UU_00006/1 to EPIC-Norfolk; MR/M012190/1 to EPIC-Oxford) (UK). The funders were not involved in designing the study; collecting, analyzing, or interpreting the data; or writing or submitting the manuscript for publication., Background: Metabolomics is a promising molecular tool for identifying novel etiological pathways leading to cancer. In an earlier prospective study among pre- and postmenopausal women not using exogenous hormones, we observed a higher risk of breast cancer associated with higher blood concentrations of one metabolite (acetylcarnitine) and a lower risk associated with higher blood concentrations of seven others (arginine, asparagine, phosphatidylcholines (PCs) aa C36:3, ae C34:2, ae C36:2, ae C36:3, and ae C38:2). Methods: To identify determinants of these breast cancer-related metabolites, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis to identify their lifestyle and anthropometric correlates in 2358 women, who were previously included as controls in case-control studies nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort and not using exogenous hormones at blood collection. Associations of each metabolite concentration with 42 variables were assessed using linear regression models in a discovery set of 1572 participants. Significant associations were evaluated in a validation set (n = 786). Results: For the metabolites previously associated with a lower risk of breast cancer, concentrations of PCs ae C34: 2, C36:2, C36:3, and C38:2 were negatively associated with adiposity and positively associated with total and saturated fat intakes. PC ae C36:2 was also negatively associated with alcohol consumption and positively associated with two scores reflecting adherence to a healthy lifestyle. Asparagine concentration was negatively associated with adiposity. Arginine and PC aa C36:3 concentrations were not associated to any of the factors examined. For the metabolite previously associated with a higher risk of breast cancer, acetylcarnitine, a positive association with age was observed. Conclusions: These associations may indicate possible mechanisms underlying associations between lifestyle and anthropometric factors, and risk of breast cancer. Further research is needed to identify potential non-lifestyle correlates of the metabolites investigated., Institut National du Cancer (INCA) France 2015-166, International Agency for Research on Cancer - Fondation ARC, World Health Organization, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Danish Cancer Society, Ligue Contre le Cancer (France), Institut Gustave Roussy (France), Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale (France), Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm), Deutsche Krebshilfe, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) (Germany), German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE) (Germany), Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF), Fondazione AIRC per la ricerca sul cancro, Compagnia di San Paolo, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Netherlands Government, World Cancer Research Fund International (WCRF), Health Research Fund (FIS) - Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (Spain), Junta de Andalucia, Regional Government of Asturias (Spain), Regional Government of Basque Country (Spain), Regional Government of Murcia (Spain), Regional Government of Navarra (Spain), Catalan Institute of Oncology-ICO (Spain), Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Research Council, County Council of Skane (Sweden), County Council of Vasterbotten (Sweden), Cancer Research UK 14136 C8221/A29017, UK Research & Innovation (UKRI), Medical Research Council UK (MRC) 1000143 MR/N003284/1 MC-UU_12015/1 MC_UU_00006/1 MR/M012190/1

Submitted by Jonathan Sousa de Almeida (jonathan.sousa@ufma.br) on 2022-12-20T14:28:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SAMÁRIOJOSÉLIMAMEIRELES.pdf: 8118123 bytes, checksum: 5e4f1839105bcce6a7ee4b53ef7720bc (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2022-12-20T14:28:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SAMÁRIOJOSÉLIMAMEIRELES.pdf: 8118123 bytes, checksum: 5e4f1839105bcce6a7ee4b53ef7720bc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2022-12-12 CAPES This research analyzes the standards and selection processes of political leaders of the Maranhão section of the Brazilian Bar Association (OAB/MA), in the period between 1932 and 2022. The investigation focused on the dynamics of the elections, in which they were chosen the directors of the entity. In the operationalization of the study, it was sought to apprehend the chains of leaders-followers that competed within the scope of the institution, evidencing the flows of entries, exits, approximations and distances. In order to do so, the profiles of the main protagonists who competed and exercised the leadership positions of the OAB/MA were traced, as well as the cliques of leaders that were formed in these clashes and the cleavages built by means of constant realignments in the reconstituted alliances were located. Therefore, in the first place, the resources accumulated by the agents that stood out in these disputes were observed. Secondly, the networks of relationships (through the use of the Ucinet and Netdraw programs) constituted and activated due to the occupation of positions of power in the entity were identified. Thirdly, we also sought to reveal the social bases of more or less ephemeral interconnections, links and bonds. The purpose is to demonstrate how, over the course of 90 years, three segments of the elite of “bachelors” in law in Maranhão took turns in command of the OAB/MA, firstly as members of the “political elite” (1932/1973), then, participants of a “legal elite” (1973/2003), and, finally, members of the “private law elite” (2004/2022), always activating resources and interpersonal coalitions that cross different domains of the space of power in the State. Nesta pesquisa são analisados os padrões e os processos de seleção dos dirigentes políticos da seccional maranhense da Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil (OAB/MA), no período compreendido entre 1932 e 2022. A investigação centrou-se nas dinâmicas das eleições em que foram escolhidos os dirigentes da entidade. Na operacionalização do estudo, buscou-se apreender: 1) as cadeias de líderes-seguidores que rivalizaram no âmbito da instituição, evidenciando os fluxos de entradas, saídas, aproximações e distanciamentos; 2) os perfis dos principais protagonistas que concorreram e exerceram os postos de direção da OAB/MA; 3) as cliques de dirigentes formadas nesses embates e as clivagens construídas por meios de realinhamentos constantes nas alianças reconstituídas; 4) os recursos acumulados pelos agentes que se destacaram nessas contendas; 5) as bases sociais de interconexões, elos e vínculos mais ou menos efêmeros. O propósito é demonstrar como, ao longo de 90 anos, três segmentos da elite dos “bacharéis” em direito no Maranhão alternaram-se no comando da OAB/MA, primeiramente, enquanto membros da “elite política” (1932/1973), depois, participantes de uma “elite jurídica” (1973/2003), e, por fim, integrantes da “elite da advocacia privada” (2004/2022), sempre acionando meios e coalizões interpessoais que atravessam diversos domínios do espaço do poder no Estado.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide. A deeper characterization of regional transcription patterns within different heart chambers may aid to improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in myocardial function and further, our ability to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we used RNA sequencing to determine differentially expressed protein coding (PC) and long non-coding (lncRNA) transcripts within the heart chambers across seven vertebrate species and identified evolutionarily conserved chamber specific genes, lncRNAs and pathways. We investigated lncRNA homologs based on sequence, secondary structure, synteny and expressional conservation and found most lncRNAs to be conserved by synteny. Regional co-expression patterns of transcripts are modulated by multiple factors, including genomic overlap, strandedness and transcript biotype. Finally, we provide a community resource designated EvoACTG, which informs researchers on the conserved yet intertwined nature of the coding and non-coding cardiac transcriptome across popular model organisms in CVD research.

Patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the infectious pathology caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, have a high risk of thrombosis, though the precise mechanisms behind this remain unclarified. A systematic literature search in PubMed and EMBASE identified 18 prospective studies applying dynamic coagulation assays in ICU COVID-19 patients. Overall, these studies revealed normal or slightly reduced primary hemostasis, prolonged clot initiation, but increased clot firmness. Thrombin generation assay parameters generally were equivalent to the control groups or within reference range. Fibrinolysis assays showed increased clot resistance. Only six studies related their findings to clinical outcome. We also prospectively included 51 COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU. Blood samples were examined on day 1, 3–4, and 7–8 with platelet function tests, rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM), in vivo and ex vivo thrombin generation, and clot lysis assay. Data on thrombosis, bleeding, and mortality were recorded during 30 days. Primary hemostasis was comparable to healthy controls, but COVID-19 patients had longer ROTEM-clotting times and higher maximum clot firmness than healthy controls. Ex vivo thrombin generation was similar to that of healthy controls while in vivo thrombin generation markers, thrombin–antithrombin (TAT) complex, and prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (F1 + 2) were higher in ICU COVID-19 patients than in healthy controls. Impaired fibrinolysis was present at all time points. TAT complex and F1 + 2 levels were significantly higher in patients developing thrombosis (n = 16) than in those without. In conclusion, only few previous studies employed dynamic hemostasis assays in COVID-19 ICU-patients and failed to reveal a clear association with development of thrombosis. In ICU COVID-19 patients, we confirmed normal platelet aggregation, while in vivo thrombin generation was increased and fibrinolysis decreased. Thrombosis may be driven by increased thrombin formation in vivo.

PurposeIn the context of early detection of frail older people, prior research found several risk factors of multidimensional frailty. The current study aims to validate these risk factors.Design/methodology/approachTwo data sets, Belgian Ageing Studies and Detection, Support and Care for older people: Prevention and Empowerment (BAS and D-SCOPE), in three Belgian municipalities (Ghent, Knokke-Heist and Thienen) were used and compared. The BAS data set (N = 1496) is a representative sample of community-dwelling older adults (60+), while the recruitment of the D-SCOPE sample (validation sample, N = 869) is based on risk factors (e.g. age, marital status, moved in the past 10 years). Frailty was measured with the comprehensive frailty assessment instrument (CFAI). The validity was examined by means of prevalence rates, distribution and the odds rates within both data sets.FindingsThe validation sample had an increase in the percentage of elderly who were mildly and highly frail for physical frailty (men: +17.0 percent point, women: +20.7 percent point), for psychological frailty (men: +13.4 percent point, women: +13.7 percent point), for social frailty (men: +24.8 percent point, women: +4.8 percent point) and environmental frailty (men: +24.2 percent point, women: +6.8 percent point). The present results indicate that the risk of being mildly or highly frail was higher in the validation sample in comparison with the BAS data.Originality/valueThe present study proved the validity of aforementioned risk factors. Selecting older people based on these risk factors proved to be an effective strategy for detecting frail older people.

Transit time flow measurement (TTFM) allows quality control in coronary artery bypass grafting but remains largely underused, probably because of limited information and the lack of standardization. We performed a systematic review of the evidence on TTFM and other methods for quality control in coronary artery bypass grafting following PRISMA standards and elaborated expert recommendations by using a structured process. A panel of 19 experts took part in the consensus process using a 3-step modified Delphi method that consisted of 2 rounds of electronic voting and a final face-to-face virtual meeting. Eighty percent agreement was required for acceptance of the statements. A 2-level scale (strong, moderate) was used to grade the statements based on the perceived likelihood of a clinical benefit. The existing evidence supports an association between TTFM readings and graft patency and postoperative clinical outcomes, although there is high methodological heterogeneity among the published series. The evidence is more robust for arterial, rather than venous, grafts and for grafts to the left anterior descending artery. Although TTFM use increases the duration and the cost of surgery, there are no data to quantify this effect. Based on the systematic review, 10 expert statements for TTFM use in clinical practice were formulated. Six were approved at the first round of voting, 3 at the second round, and 1 at the virtual meeting. In conclusion, although TTFM use may increase the costs and duration of the procedure and requires a learning curve, its cost/benefit ratio seems largely favorable, in view of the potential clinical consequences of graft dysfunction. These consensus statements will help to standardize the use of TTFM in clinical practice and provide guidance in clinical decision-making.

Introduction Research focused on the association between peer cybervictimization and declining health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is scarce. Currently, few longitudinal studies find an association between these phenomena, and none focus on cybervictimization profiles. The main objectives are: (1) to analyze the point and period prevalence, and incidence of cybervictimization profiles (uninvolved, new, ceased, intermittent, and stable cybervictims); (2) to study the relationship between cybervictimization and HRQoL over time; (3) to determine the longitudinal impact on the HRQoL of each type of profile. Methods A prospective study was conducted in three waves over 13 months. A total of 1142 adolescents aged 11–18 years participated in all the waves (630 girls, 55.2%). Results The prevalence of victimization for the three waves was 21.6% (Wave 1; W1), 23.5% (W2), and 19.6% (W3), respectively. The period prevalence was 41.3%, and the accumulated incidence was 25.1%. It was found that 24% of the participants were new victims, 5.9% were intermittent victims, and 6% were stable victims. Being a cybervictim at W1 poses a relative risk of 1.73 [1.29–2.32], that is, a twofold increased risk of presenting a low HRQoL 13 months later compared to those who are not cybervictims. Conclusion One in four adolescents became a new cybervictim during the 13 months of the study. The adolescents who presented poorer HRQoL were the stable cybervictims. This study was funded by the International University of La Rioja in its Own Research Plan [Grupo Ciberpsicología triennium 2017–2020 and biennium 2020–2022], the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness: RTI2018-094212-B-I00 (CIBER-AACC), and by Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU). Open Access funding provided by University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU).

Background: Most of the literature on the relation between mindset and effort depends on subjective self-reports, which may not reliably capture the actual investment of effort. In the current study we (1) operationalized mental effort as the chosen and executed difficulty level in a self-adapted arithmetic task, and (2) combined variable-oriented and person-oriented analytic approaches, with the latter allowing us to explore qualitatively different profiles of effort investment. Methods: First-year Dutch high-school students (n = 299; aged 11–14 yrs) chose difficulty levels of arithmetic problems in 20 rounds. Linear Mixed Modeling (variable-oriented approach) and Latent-Profile Analysis (person-oriented approach) were used and associations with mindset, errors, gender, and school achievement (standardized arithmetic test, and math grades) were explored. Results: For male students, mindset affected their choices independently of errors, while for female students, mindset only played a role when they experienced the setback of errors. Only for males, effort mediated the relation between mindset and standardized arithmetic scores. Additionally, we identified five effort profiles: (1) Avoiders, (2) Exploring challengers, (3) Challengers, (4) Explorers and (5) Steady. Two profiles were more growth-oriented (2 and 3), and two more fixed-oriented (1 and 5). Conclusion: This study adds to the literature by demonstrating a gender-moderated relation between mindset and an objective measure of effort, but also important nuances as indicated by individual differences in effort strategies.

Introducción: La diversidad de perfiles del profesional de la pedagogía evidencia las profusas competencias que se esperan de esta figura y dirige la mirada hacia los planes formativos que intentan darles respuesta. El artículo tiene por objetivo identificar las tendencias actuales en la formación de pedagogos en los planes de estudio de las universidades españolas. Método: Mediante revisión documental, se analiza la presencia y peso de las áreas de conocimiento en los planes de estudio del Grado en Pedagogía en una muestra de 10 universidades españolas en el curso 2020/2021. Resultados: Se identifican cuatro tendencias en la formación de pedagogos españoles: a) planes de estudio equilibrados que ofrecen al estudiantado una formación inicial holística, b) planes de estudio transversales o profesionalizantes que se caracterizan por su acento en la atención de colectivos específicos y/o en contextos concretos; c) planes de estudio disciplinares, que destacan por su marcada orientación teórica y academicista y, d) planes de estudio didácticos, que muestran una formación mayormente orientada al desempeño en el ámbito escolar. Conclusiones: Las conclusiones señalan una diversidad de enfoques en la formación de pedagogos que puede ser analizada como una ventaja, debido a las posibilidades de elección de universidades que ofrecen, pero también una desventaja considerando la necesidad de homogeneizar la formación y el desempeño profesional de los pedagogos a lo largo del territorio español., Introduction: The diversity of profiles of the pedagogy professional shows the profuse competences that are expected of this figure and directs the gaze towards the training plans that try to respond to them. The aim of this article is to identify current trends in teacher training in the study plans of Spanish universities. Method: By documentary review, it analyses the presence and weight of the areas of knowledge in the curricula of the Bachelor’s Degree in Pedagogy in a sample of 10 Spanish universities in the academic year 2020/2021. Results: Four trends in the training of Spanish teachers are identified: a) balanced curricula that offer students a holistic initial training; b) transversal or professionalising curricula that are characterised by their emphasis on the attention of specific groups and/or in specific contexts; c) disciplinary curricula, which stand out for their marked theoretical and academic orientation; and d) didactic curricula, which show a training that is mainly oriented towards performance in the school environment. Conclusions: The conclusions point to a diversity of approaches in the training of pedagogues which can be analyzed as an advantage, due to the possibilities of choice of universities offered, but also as a disadvantage considering the need to homogenise the training and professional performance of pedagogues throughout the Spanish territory., 引言：教育学专业人士的多样性展示了该职业所期望的丰富能力，并将目光转向试图对其 回应的培训计划。本文旨在研究西班牙大学学习计划中教师培训的当前趋势。 研究方法：通过文献回顾，我们以2020/2021学年10所西班牙大学为样本，分析教育学学位 学习计划中知识领域的存在和权重。 结果：研究在西班牙教师的培训中确定了四个趋势：a）平衡的学习计划，为学生提供全面 的初步培训，b）横向或专业化的学习计划，其特点是强调关注特定群体和/或具体的情况； c) 学科学习计划，因其显着的理论和学术导向而脱颖而出； d) 教学学习计划，主要针对学 校环境中的表现进行培训。 结论：研究结论指出，由于学生可以选择其想去的大学，教育教师培训方法呈现的多样性 可以归为其优势。但考虑到教师培训和专业表现在西班牙不同地区有均质化的需要，这一 点也是其劣势。, Введение: Разнообразие профилей специалиста в области педагогики свидетельству- ет о большом количестве компетенций, ожидаемых от этой фигуры, и направляет наш взгляд на планы обучения, которые пытаются им соответствовать. Цель данной статьи - определить современные тенденции в подготовке преподавателей в учебных программах испанских университетов. Метод: С помощью обзора документов анализируется наличие и вес областей знаний в учебных программах бакалавриата по педагогике в выборке из 10 испанских уни- верситетов в 2020/2021 учебном году. Результаты: определены четыре тенденции в подготовке испанских педагогов: а) сбалансированные учебные программы, которые предлагают студентам целостную начальную подготовку; б) трансверсальные или профессионализирующие учебные программы, которые характеризуются акцентом на работе с конкретными группами и/или в конкретных условиях; в) дисциплинарные учебные программы, которые вы- деляются своей выраженной теоретической и академической направленностью; и г) дидактические учебные программы, которые демонстрируют подготовку, ориентиро- ванную в основном на работу в школьной среде. Выводы: Выводы указывают на разнообразие подходов в подготовке педагогов, что можно рассматривать как преимущество, благодаря возможности выбора предлагае- мых университетов, но также и как недостаток, учитывая необходимость унификации подготовки и профессиональной деятельности педагогов на всей территории Испа- нии.

We investigated French primary school teachers’ assessment practice in mathematics. Using an online questionnaire on teachers’ background, teaching, and grading practice, we were able to determine assessment profiles of 604 primary school teachers. As evidenced by the teachers’ scores on the latent factors Assessment purposes, Assessment practices, and Differentiation, teachers with the profile of Enthusiastic assessors view assessment as more useful and use it more often to adapt their instruction than teachers with the profile of Unenthusiastic assessors. This can be useful for practice and sheds more light on French teachers’ assessment practices in mathematics. It is also interesting to compare the results of this survey with those from China and the Netherlands, as the differences reflect different assessment cultures and may shed light on some of the results of international large-scale assessments such as PISA.

We investigated French primary school teachers’ assessment practice in mathematics. Using an online questionnaire on teachers’ background, teaching, and grading practice, we were able to determine assessment profiles of 604 primary school teachers. As evidenced by the teachers’ scores on the latent factors Assessment purposes, Assessment practices, and Differentiation, teachers with the profile of Enthusiastic assessors view assessment as more useful and use it more often to adapt their instruction than teachers with the profile of Unenthusiastic assessors. This can be useful for practice and sheds more light on French teachers’ assessment practices in mathematics. It is also interesting to compare the results of this survey with those from China and the Netherlands, as the differences reflect different assessment cultures and may shed light on some of the results of international large-scale assessments such as PISA.

Introduction: Recent studies have concluded that elevated circulating branched chain amino acids (BCAA) are associated with the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. However, the development of this association over time and the quantification of the strength of this association for individual BCAAs prior to T2DM diagnosis remains unexplored. Methods: A systematic search was conducted using the Healthcare Databases Advance Search (HDAS) via the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) website. The data sources included EMBASE, MEDLINE and PubMed for all papers from inception until November 2021. Nine studies were identified in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Stratification was based on follow-up times (0–6, 6–12 and 12 or more years) and controlling of body mass index (BMI) through the specific assessment of overweight cohorts was also undertaken. Results: The meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant positive association between BCAA concentrations and the development of T2DM, with valine OR = 2.08 (95% CI = 2.04–2.12, p < 0.00001), leucine OR = 2.25 (95% CI = 1.76–2.87, p < 0.00001) and isoleucine OR = 2.12, 95% CI = 2.00–2.25, p < 0.00001. In addition, we demonstrated a positive consistent temporal association between circulating BCAA levels and the risk of developing T2DM with differentials in the respective follow-up times of 0–6 years, 6–12 years and ≥12 years follow-up for valine (OR = 2.08, 1.86 and 2.14, p < 0.05 each), leucine (OR = 2.10, 2.25 and 2.16, p < 0.05 each) and isoleucine (OR = 2.12, 1.90 and 2.16, p < 0.05 each) demonstrated. Conclusion: Plasma BCAA concentrations are associated with T2DM incidence across all temporal subgroups. We suggest the potential utility of BCAAs as an early biomarker for T2DM irrespective of follow-up time.

This study identifies family profiles based on the level of life satisfaction (LS) in mothers, fathers and adolescents, and variables related to their family, food, and work life. The sample was composed of 303 families of dual-earner parents (mothers’ mean age = 40.9 years, SD = 7.4, fathers’ mean age = 43.2 years, SD = 7.2) and one of their children aged between 10 and 17 years (mean age 13.3, SD = 2.4, 51.5% female). A Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was used to identify five family profiles. Profiles differed in LS, satisfaction with family life (SWFaL), satisfaction with food-related life (SWFoL), family functioning, both parents’ work-life balance and their perception of the financial situation of the household. Balanced and imbalanced families in terms of LS differed in the three family members’ LS and SWFaL, mothers’ and children’ SWFoL and family functioning, and both parents’ perception of financial situation. These results contribute to understanding the heterogeneity of life satisfaction dynamics between and within dual-earner families.

Introduction: Recent studies have concluded that elevated circulating branched chain amino acids (BCAA) are associated with the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. However, the development of this association over time and the quantification of the strength of this association for individual BCAAs prior to T2DM diagnosis remains unexplored. Methods: A systematic search was conducted using the Healthcare Databases Advance Search (HDAS) via the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) website. The data sources included EMBASE, MEDLINE and PubMed for all papers from inception until November 2021. Nine studies were identified in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Stratification was based on follow-up times (0-6, 6-12 and 12 or more years) and controlling of body mass index (BMI) through the specific assessment of overweight cohorts was also undertaken. Results: The meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant positive association between BCAA concentrations and the development of T2DM, with valine OR = 2.08 (95% CI = 2.04-2.12, p < 0.00001), leucine OR = 2.25 (95% CI = 1.76-2.87, p < 0.00001) and isoleucine OR = 2.12, 95% CI = 2.00-2.25, p < 0.00001. In addition, we demonstrated a positive consistent temporal association between circulating BCAA levels and the risk of developing T2DM with differentials in the respective follow-up times of 0-6 years, 6-12 years and >= 12 years follow-up for valine (OR = 2.08, 1.86 and 2.14, p < 0.05 each), leucine (OR = 2.10, 2.25 and 2.16, p < 0.05 each) and isoleucine (OR = 2.12, 1.90 and 2.16, p < 0.05 each) demonstrated. Conclusion: Plasma BCAA concentrations are associated with T2DM incidence across all temporal subgroups. We suggest the potential utility of BCAAs as an early biomarker for T2DM irrespective of follow-up time.

Neurodevelopmental disorders are a set of conditions, which first emerge early in development and entail impairments in personal, social, academic or occupational functioning (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). These disorders include intellectual disabilities, communication disorders, Autism spectrum disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, specific learning disorders, and motor disorders. In this study, we focus specifically on intellectual disability. Given the common co-occurrence of neurodevelopmental disorders, the findings from this study are thus likely to extend to a large number of individuals with various forms of neurodevelopmental disorders. For instance, individuals with autism spectrum disorder often have an intellectual disability (American Psychiatric Association, 2013), which plays a key role in defining specific subgroups of youth with an autism spectrum disorder (Nordahl et al., 2022).

Recent studies have shown that galaxies at cosmic noon are redder in the center and bluer in the outskirts, mirroring results in the local universe. These color gradients could be caused by either gradients in the stellar age or dust opacity; however, distinguishing between these two causes is impossible with rest-frame optical photometry alone. Here we investigate the underlying causes of the gradients from spatially-resolved rest-frame $U-V$ vs. $V-J$ color-color diagrams, measured from early observations with the James Webb Space Telescope. We use $1\, \mu m - 4\, \mu m$ NIRCam photometry from the CEERS survey of a sample of 54 galaxies with $M_* / M_\odot>10$ at redshifts $1.7, Comment: Updated to match published version, new Figure 5 and some text changes

The present study aimed to explore children’s and adolescents’ profiles of reactive and proactive aggression and the stability of those profiles over a six-month period using latent profile analysis (LPA) and latent transition analysis (LTA). Data were collected at two measurement points from a sample of N = 1468 children and adolescents aged from 9 to 18 years. Results of LPA revealed three distinct profiles, labeled as “Severe Reactively and Proactively Aggressive (S-RA-PA)”, “Highly Reactively and Proactively Aggressive” (H-RA-PA), and “Moderately Low Reactively and Proactively Aggressive” (M-RA-PA). All profiles appeared to be relatively stable over six months, supporting their within-sample consistency. The most stable and largest profile was the “M-RA-PA” profile, while the least stable and smallest profile was the “S-RA-PA” profile. However, there was also some within-person variability in children’s and adolescents’ profile membership because almost 40–50% of the participants of the “S-RA-PA” and “H-RA-PA” profiles transitioned to another profile across six months. In contrast, more than 90% of the participants of the “M-RA-PA” profile remained in their profile. These results provide a dynamic picture of children’s and adolescents’ development of reactive and proactive aggression and bear several implications from a short longitudinal person-oriented perspective.

This project describes the fourth in a series of empirical research studies conducted by the lead author for his PhD, which explores male sexual aggression at UK universities. Study 4 assesses the short and longer-term effectiveness of an evidence-based online behavioural self-help intervention designed to reduce the propensity towards sexual aggression of UK university male students.

This project describes the first in a series of empirical research studies conducted by the lead author for his PhD, which explores male sexual aggression at UK universities. Study 1 empirically assesses the prevalence and psychological risk factors associated with the past sexual aggression of male students at one UK university.

This project describes the seventh in a series of empirical research studies conducted by the lead author for his PhD, which explores male sexual aggression at UK universities. Study 7 extends a previously pre-registered study associated with this project (“Study 3”; https://osf.io/n73wy/) by using a broader sample to examine whether male university students in the UK who self-report recent sexual aggression can be classified into meaningful subgroups based on their responses to key psychological and demographic variables associated with their risk of sexual assault perpetration.

This project describes the second and third in a series of empirical research studies conducted by the lead author for his PhD, which explores male sexual aggression at UK universities. Study 2 empirically assesses the prevalence and psychological risk factors associated with the past sexual aggression of male students across UK universities and is a follow-up to "Study 1" (https://osf.io/4ht8m/). Study 3 combines data from Studies 1 and 2 to explore whether there are distinct typologies of sexually aggressive male students in the UK, who can be classified and statistically differentiated by the psychological risk factors associated with their past offending behaviours. 20/09/21 UPDATE: Please note that, in the interest of scientific rigour, Study 3 has since been replaced by "Study 7" (https://osf.io/rj78t/). This new study allows for a more powerful and valid cluster analysis. Please refer to our Study 7 pre-registration for additional information.

This project describes the fifth and sixth in a series of empirical research studies conducted by the lead author for his PhD, which explores male sexual aggression at UK universities. Study 5 empirically assesses the prevalence and relationship-level and situation-relevant risk factors associated with the past sexual aggression of male students across UK universities. Study 6 replicates Study 5, examining instead institution-level risk factors.

Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB) pose a severe socio-economic problem worldwide. The dinoflagellate species Alexandrium catenella produces potent neurotoxins called saxitoxins (STXs) and its blooms are associated with the human intoxication named Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP). Knowing where and how these blooms originate is crucial to predict blooms. Most studies in the Chilean Patagonia, were focused on coastal areas, considering that blooms from the adjacent oceanic region are almost non-existent. Using a combination of field studies and modelling approaches, we first evaluated the role of the continental shelf off northern Chilean Patagonia as a source of A. catenella resting cysts, which may act as inoculum for their toxic coastal blooms. This area is characterized by a seasonal upwelling system with positive Ekman pumping during spring-summer, and by the presence of six major submarine canyons. We found out that these submarine canyons increase the vertical advection of bottom waters, and thus, significantly enhance the process of coastal upwelling. This is a previously unreported factor, among those involved in bloom initiation. This finding put this offshore area at high risk of resuspension of resting cysts of A. catenella. Here, we discuss in detail the physical processes promoting this resuspension., DETECCIÓN INNOVADORA DE PROLIFERACIONES ALGALES TÓXICAS: UNA NECESIDAD FRENTE AL CALENTAMIENTO GLOBAL, DIANAS, SI

Beer is one of the most consumed alcoholic beverages in the world. Classification of beer helps the consumer to find a preferred beer. Sensory assessments of taste are commonly done by sensory panels and therefore sus-ceptible to subjectivity. Mouthfeel is an important parameter for the total perception of beer flavor. Three di-mensions of mouthfeel are distinguished: contracting, coating, and drying. In this study 24 beer samples were evaluated chemically. The data were matched with sensorial data obtained from a trained panel. Different chemical analyses were performed; total acidity (TA), total flavonoids (TF), total polyphenols (TPC), total sugars (TS), color, pH, carbon dioxide content, ethanol, bitterness units (BU) and total iso-alpha-acids (TIA). The data were analyzed by performing several statistical techniques such as analysis of variance, principal component analysis, agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis and multiple factor analysis. Sensory data obtained from trained panelists on the different mouthfeel attributes correlated with the data found instrumentally. The drying dimension could be expressed using the TPC, BU, TIA and pH. Contracting compounds correlated positively with TA and negatively with pH. As expected, ethanol was strongly associated with burning sensations and carbon dioxide with carbonation. The results of this experiment indicate that commercial beers can be classified into three mouthfeel attributes: drying, coating and contracting. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in this study confirmed the dimensions of the mouthfeel model and identified drying and coating as opposites, con-tracting forces interact on these dimensions. Moreover, these attributes were shown to be quantifiable by instrumental analysis which suggests that a data-driven approach based on mouthfeel could reduce subjectivity in the analysis of taste.

Background Metabolomics has been proven to be an invaluable research tool by providing comprehensive insight into systemic metabolism. However, the lack of scalable and quantitative methods with known reference intervals (RIs) and documented reproducibility has prevented the use of metabolomics in the clinical setting. Objective The objective of this study was to validate the developed quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based metabolomics platform for canine serum and plasma samples and determine optimal sample handling conditions for its use. Methods Altogether, 8247 canine samples were analyzed using a Bruker's 500 MHz NMR spectrometer. Using statistical approaches derived from international guidelines, we studied method precision, measurand stability in various long- and short-term storage conditions, as well as the effect of prolonged contact with red blood cells (RBCs), and differences among blood collection tubes. We also screened interferences with lipemia, hemolysis, and bilirubinemia. The results were compared against routine clinical chemistry methods, and RIs were defined for all measurands. Results We determined RIs for 123 measurands, most of which were previously unpublished. The reproducibility of the results of the NMR platform appeared generally outstanding, and the integrity of the results can be ensured by following standard blood drawing and processing guidelines. Conclusions Owing to the advantages of quantitative results, high reproducibility, and scalability, this canine metabolomics platform holds great potential for numerous clinical and research applications to improve canine health and well-being.

Urban canopy models (UCMs) developed based on Prandtl mixing-length theory provide a simple method for predicting urban flows. In the existing models, the Prandtl mixing length and the sectional drag coefficient of buildings are usually assumed to be uniform with height within urban canopies. This leads to exponential vertical profiles of the time-averaged and horizontally space-averaged streamwise velocity component within urban canopies, which was recently found to be inaccurate. In this study, in order to improve the current UCM predictions, a new mixing-length parametrization is proposed for urban canopy flows by considering the strong shear layer at the canopy roof level. It assumes that, within the shear layer, the mixing length increases linearly with the distance from the canopy roof level with a proportionality constant approximately equal to 0.8. Using the new parametrization, good predictions of the space-averaged mean wind profiles are obtained against building-resolved large-eddy simulation and direct numerical simulation results.

This longitudinal study examined school engagement and burnout profiles among early and middle adolescents before and during COVID-19, and within-class latent change and stability in students' socio-emotional skills the profiles. The longitudinal data were collected in fall 2019 and 2020 from 1381 5th to 6th, and 1374 7th to 8th grade students. Using repeated measures latent profile analyses based on school engagement and burnout we identified five study well-being change profiles in both samples showing structural similarity: normative (53% sample 1; 69% sample 2), moderate-decreasing (4%; 5%), high-decreasing (17%; 10%), low-increasing (6%;7%) and moderate-increasing (20%; 10%) groups. The groups with increasing study well-being showed simultaneous increase in intrapersonal socio-emotional competencies but showed less changes in interpersonal outcomes.

Purpose Quantitative sensory testing (QST) is a standardized method to assess somatosensory function. The collection of qualitative information, during the QST procedure, could be an interesting way to facilitate the characterization of altered sensory perception and the identification of different pain phenotypes. The aims of this study were 1) to classify qualitative fieldnotes of sensory abnormalities collected during an independent QST study, and 2) to generate a qualitative interview guide that could be included in the traditional QST procedure as a step towards the implementation of a mixed methods approach. Patients and Methods QST data were collected from 48 chronic neuropathic pain patients treated with spinal cord stimulation (SCS). Three body areas, with or without SCS, were tested: the painful limb targeted by SCS, the contralateral area, and the ipsilateral upper limb. After each trial of each QST modality, patients were encouraged to report any sensory abnormalities they could identify with a pain quality scale or using their own words. Results Qualitative self-reported sensory abnormalities were dichotomized into two groups: altered sensory intensities and altered sensory perceptions. Altered sensory intensities were classified as sensory loss or sensory gain subgroups. Altered sensory perceptions were classified as paresthesia and dysesthesia subgroups Overall, 630 qualitative fieldnotes of altered sensations were collected: 385 on the painful limb, 173 at the contralateral area, and 72 at the ipsilateral upper limb. Based on these qualitative data, we propose a standardized method to collect qualitative data involving 9 open- and close-ended questions and 21 codes. Conclusion Our findings have highlighted the value of qualitative sensory evaluation during QST and constitute an important milestone in the development of a mixed methods protocol in phenotyping research., Video abstract Point your SmartPhone at the code above. If you have a QR code reader the video abstract will appear. Or use: https://youtu.be/LoRb5V0s7Hk

Resumo: A inibição comportamental (IC) em idade pré-escolar pode ser definida com o retraimento biologicamente determinado perante pessoas, situações e atividades novas e associa-se a um risco acrescido de se vir a desenvolver sintomas de ansiedade. Apesar da IC não ser um conceito unitário, poucos estudos até à data procuraram caracterizar diferentes subgrupos de crianças, com recurso a medidas multidimensionais de relato parental, e compará-los relativamente à manifestação de sintomas de ansiedade. Este estudo teve como objetivos identificar diferentes perfis de crianças com IC e explorar se estes diferentes perfis se distinguem ao nível da sintomatologia ansiosa. Centro e oito mães de crianças, com uma média de idade de 54 meses preencheram o Behavioral Inhibition Questionnaire e o Preschool Anxiety Scale. Foram identificados dois perfis: crianças com níveis elevados, e médios de IC. As crianças com níveis elevados de IC apresentaram mais sintomas de ansiedade generalizada, ansiedade social e medo de danos do que as crianças com níveis médios de IC. Estas diferenças foram de maior magnitude para os sintomas de ansiedade social. Os resultados obtidos veem reforçar a importância de se intervir precocemente com as crianças que, já nas idades pré-escolares, evidenciem níveis elevados de IC. Abstract: Behavioral inhibition (BI) during the preschool years can be defined as a biologically-based wariness when exposed to novel people, situations and activities, and has been associated with an increased risk of developing anxiety symptoms. Although BI is not a unitary concept, to date, few studies aimed to characterize different subgroups of children, using multidimensional parental measures, and compare them in terms of anxiety symptoms. This study aimed to identify different profiles of children with BI and explore potential differences concerning anxiety symptoms. One hundred and eight mothers of children with a mean age of 54 months completed the Behavioral Inhibition Questionnaire and the Preschool Anxiety Scale. Two profiles of children were identified: children with high and medium levels of BI. Children with high levels of BI displayed more generalized anxiety, social anxiety and physical injury fears symptoms than children with average BI levels. These differences were of greater magnitude for social anxiety symptoms. These findings highlight the importance of early intervention with children who display high levels of BI as early as the preschool years. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Objective: To evaluate the executive functions and social reciprocity of children and adolescents diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and compared them with healthy controls. Material and Method: Patients aged 6-17 years diagnosed with ASD (n=33) and ADHD (n=37) and healthy controls in the same age range (n=33) were included in the study. Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Functions (BRIEF) sub-scales and Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) were used for evaluating executive function areas and social responsiveness. Results: Our results revealed that children and adolescents with ASD and ADHD were significantly impaired for all BRIEF sub-scales except emotional control and that the significant increase in sub-scale scores expressing deterioration continued after adjustment for SES, verbal IQ scores, and gender. ASD patients received significantly higher SRS scores compared to ADHD and control groups and ADHD patients also had significantly higher values compared to the controls. Conclusion: Further studies with parent-report scales that allow easier and faster evaluation of executive functions and social reciprocity will contribute to better understanding of the personal needs of children with neurodevelopmental disorders and the finding of new treatments.