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Objectives The aim of this multicenter retrospective study was to identify the optimal chemotherapeutic regimen for advanced pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma (PACC). Methods Fifty-eight patients with histopathologically confirmed advanced PACC who had received chemotherapy between 1996 and 2013 were enrolled. The clinical characteristics of the patients and the treatment efficacy data were collected from the medical records at 16 Japanese institutions, using standardized data collection instrument. Results The most commonly selected treatment regimens were gemcitabine-, fluoropyrimidine-, platinum-, and irinotecan-containing regimens. The overall response rate in the patients who received first-line chemotherapy were 7% and 38%, respectively, and the median overall survival was 13.2 months. When the data for all the treatment lines were aggregated, the response rates to gemcitabine-, fluoropyrimidine-, platinum-, and irinotecan-containing regimens were 7%, 18%, 40%, and 29%, respectively. The overall survival tended to be better in patients who had received a platinum-containing regimen (hazard ratio, 0.50; 95% confidence interval, 0.23–1.11; P = 0.08) or irinotecan-containing regimen (hazard ratio, 0.42; 95% confidence interval, 0.15–1.19; P = 0.09) at least once in the treatment course as compared with those who had not. Conclusions Our findings suggested that platinum- and irinotecan-containing regimens exhibited some potential efficacy in patients with advanced PACC.

The purposes of this article are to go over the basic theories of some major models of brief therapy and to discuss how those theories and techniques can be practiced in various fields. In the fist half, we will review on the ways the paradigm of brief therapy differs from that of traditional psychotherapies and on how its paradigm relates to some of the important topics of clinical psychology. In the latter half, the application of brief therapy in the field of primary and higher education, child welfare, and industry will be presented, followed by discussions on the effectiveness and the limitation of brief therapy in each field. Although brief therapy could not always be the best approach over the other psychotherapeutic approaches, it can well be one of the promising strategies for more effective and efficient psychotherapy., 国立情報学研究所で電子化したコンテンツを使用している。