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BackgroundAcute thrombus in atrial septal defect occluders is a rare complication that requires aggressive, effective, and safe management. Tirofiban, a platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist, is widely used for the management of thromboembolic diseases, such as coronary heart disease and stroke. To date, there is no report using the GPIIb/IIIa receptor antagonist tirofiban for the management of ASD closure-related thrombosis in children.Case presentationHerein, we reported a case of a 5-year-old girl with ASD who presented with acute thrombus on the left disc of the occluder device immediately after transcatheter closure of ASD. The thrombus was successfully dissolved 24 h after a combined infusion of heparin and tirofiban, followed by 1 months of aspirin and clopidogrel and 5 months of aspirin alone. No thromboembolism or hemorrhage events occurred during follow-up for more than 2 years.ConclusionThe continuous infusion of GPIIb/IIIa receptor antagonist tirofiban combined with heparin may have beneficial effects for the management of thrombosis during ASD closure procedure.

Tiewei Li,1,&ast; Xiaojuan Li,1,&ast; Xinrui Liu,1 Zhiwei Zhu,1 Min Zhang,1 Zhe Xu,1 Yulei Wei,1 Yichuang Feng,1 Xiaoliang Qiao,2 Junmei Yang,1 Geng Dong1 1Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Children’s Infection and Immunity, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Center of Laboratory Medicine, Women & Infants Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Junmei Yang; Geng Dong, Email yangjunmei7683@163.com; donggeng90@126.comPurpose: Previous studies have demonstrated that procalcitonin and albumin have a close correlation with sepsis. However, the role of procalcitonin (PCT) to albumin (ALB) ratio (PAR) in sepsis was still unclear, especially in neonates. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between PAR and neonatal sepsis.Patients and Methods: A total of 1,196 neonates with suspected sepsis were included in this study. Neonates were divided into control group and sepsis group, according to whether they were diagnosed with sepsis. Neonates with sepsis were further divided into mild sepsis and severe sepsis group according to the severity of sepsis. PAR was calculated as serum PCT (ng/mL)/ALB (mg/mL). All statistical analyses were performed using the statistical package SPSS 24.0, as appropriate.Results: Compared with the control group, neonates with sepsis had a higher PAR. PAR also showed a significant gradual increase in the control, mild sepsis, and severe sepsis groups (P< 0.001). Correlation analysis showed that there was a strong positive correlation between PAR and hsCRP, neonatal sequential organ failure assessment score (nSOFA), and prolonged length of hospital stay (P< 0.001). On multiple logistic regression, higher PAR was independently associated with the presence and severity of neonatal sepsis. According to the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, a PAR ≥ 0.065 had 64% sensitivity and 72% specificity in predicting the presence of neonatal sepsis (area under curve (AUC)=0.72, 95% CI=0.69– 0.75, P< 0.001) and a PAR≥ 0.070 had 69% sensitivity and 63% specificity in predicting the presence of severe sepsis (AUC=0.71, 95% CI=0.68– 0.74, P< 0.001).Conclusion: PAR is significantly higher in neonates with sepsis and correlated with the severity of the disease. Increased PAR is an independent predictor useful for identifying the presence and severity of neonatal sepsis.Keywords: procalcitonin-to-albumin ratio, neonatal sepsis, severe sepsis, predictor

Let $m$ be an odd positive integer and $D_m(\mathcal {A})$ be the $m$-periodic derived category of a finitary hereditary abelian category $\mathcal {A}$. In this note, we prove that there is an embedding of algebras from the derived Hall algebra of $D_m(\mathcal {A})$ defined by Xu-Chen [12] to the extended derived Hall algebra of $D_m(\mathcal {A})$ defined in [15]. This homomorphism is given on basis elements, rather than just on generating elements, and thus it improves the main result of [5]., Comment: 13 pages

International audience; The Climate Graduate School of the Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace (CGS-IPSL) iscurrently developing a series of seven courses online for Master students. On these sevencourses of 3 ECTS each, three have a strong focus on the ocean: Dynamics of the Ocean andAtmosphere; Contemporary Biogeochemical Cycles; Study of Paleo-climates. Each course is ledby a pair of university teachers specialists in their field accompanied by a pedagogical andgraphic team in order to design all resources specifically adapted to graduate students andonline education. Indeed, our first goal is to open these courses as self-paced learning underthe IPSL Learning Management System (Moodle) to students who will be joining CGS-IPSLmasters without having all the prerequisites so that they can update their academicbackground. These courses could also be open to second year CGS IPSL Master students whoaimed at acquiring credits on a secondary theme not necessarily developed in their master (e.g.on biogeochemistry for students registered in an ocean – climate master). Finally all the e-resources developed will be made available at least to the educational community of the CGS-IPSL that include several Universities in and around Paris (Sorbonne Universite, Paris Saclay,Universite Versailles Saint Quentin, Université Paris Est Créteil...) in order to reuse theseresources for higher education either on-line or face-to-face courses. The courses will beavailable in both French and English so that international students can have access to these e-resources.

Insect-associated Actinobacteria are a potentially rich source of novel natural products with antibacterial activity. Here, the community composition of Actinobacteria associated with Apis mellifera ligustica was investigated by integrated culture-dependent and independent methods. A total of 61 strains of Streptomyces genera were isolated from the honeycomb, larva, and different anatomical parts of the honeybee’s body using the culture-dependent method. Amplicon sequencing analyses revealed that the actinobacterial communities were dominated by the family of Bifidobacteriaceae and Microbacteriaceae in the honeybee gut, and Nocardiaceae and Pseudonocardiaceae in the honeycomb, whereas only Streptomyces genera were isolated by the culture-dependent method. Culture-independent analyses showed more diverse actinobacterial communities than those of culture-dependent methods. The antibacterial bioassay showed that most crude extracts of representative isolates exhibited antibacterial activities. Among them, the crude extract of Streptomyces sp. FCF01 showed the best antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus tetragenus, and Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) with the disc diameter of inhibition zone diameter (IZD) of 23.00, 15.00, and 13.33 mm, respectively. Chemical analysis of Streptomyces sp. FCF01 led to the isolation of three secondary metabolites, including mayamycin (1), mayamycin B (2), and N-(2-Hydroxyphenyl) acetamide (3). Among them, compound 1 displayed strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus, M. tetragenus, and Psa with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values of 6.25, 12.5, and 6.25 μg/ml, respectively. In addition, two novel derivative compounds 1a and 1b were synthesized by acetylation of compound 1. Both compounds 1a and 1b displayed similar antibacterial activities with those of metabolite 1. These results indicated that Streptomyces species associated with honeybees had great potential in finding antibiotics.

The lithium-ion battery of an electric vehicle continues to have available capacity even after it is retired, thus representing good echelon utilization value. The ideal regrouping form for echelon utilization is conducted at the module level. However, existing sorting methods are generally only suitable at the cell level. To address this issue, a fast sorting and regrouping method is proposed at the module level based on a machine learning algorithm. First, the correlation between the charging curve and the remaining useful capacity of the battery is investigated. The charging curves of cells in a module are translated and supplemented to extract the capacity characteristics without disassembling the modules. Next, a rapid sorting model based on the support vector machine is proposed to estimate the capacity. Then, a regrouping method based on an improved K-means algorithm that considers different echelon utilization scenarios at the module level is proposed. Finally, simulations and experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that the capacity prediction accuracy is within 3%, and the consistency of the echelon utilization battery system obtained by the proposed regrouping method is higher than that obtained by the conventional method.

The incident shock interactions with the hypersonic laminar and forced turbulent boundary layer are visualized by the planar laser scattering technique. The effect of interaction strength on flow structures is also investigated. The results show that the boundary layer shape has been greatly altered by the incident shock. In both the laminar and turbulent inflows, the boundary layer thickness has an abrupt decrease at the interaction region. In laminar inflow, the boundary layer transition rapidly takes place due to the incident shock. The greater the incident shock angle, the bigger the boundary layer thickness downstream the incident shock. In turbulent inflow, the thickness downstream the shock is less than that of the inflow. Fractal analysis is firstly carried on hypersonic shock boundary layer interaction. The effect of the shock angle and inflow condition on fractal dimension is studied. The results indicate that with the stronger shock, the fractal dimension value is bigger for both laminar and forced turbulent inflows.

The paper investigates the in-plane elastic wave propagation in hierarchical lattices. The hierarchical organization is obtained by removing a certain amount of cells successively from a general hexagonal lattice that involves the re-entrant configuration with negative Poisson's ratio. The symmetry reduction caused by the alteration of the internal angle and the formed vertexes with stacking hexagons gives rise to a significant effect on the dispersion properties of the structure materials. Results show that the lattices with different hierarchy levels possess a stable behavior of the band gap in the position near the resonant frequency of the cell walls, and the gap width has an evident increase in the re-entrant hierarchical structures. In addition, band structure in the low frequency range has an unchanged performance for the varying parameters of cell walls, and the reason is owing to the steady of the structure vibration pattern for the Bloch modes. The authors' findings of the dispersion behaviors in the hierarchical lattices provide a broad design space for the lightweight materials in the wave manipulation and vibration control.

Utilization of female livestock can be optimized by application of Fixed-Time Artificial Insemination (FTAI), which plays an important role in large-scale livestock production. However, molecular mechanism of FTAI affecting reproductive performance remains unclear. To investigate the effects of FTAI on corpus luteum in 16 and 25 days of pregnancy gilts, 12 pregnancy gilts were selected from Altrenogest + PMSG + GnRH (APG) group and control group. The number of left and right CL in APG group were significantly higher than control (

Slope topography is known to control the spatial distribution of deposits on intraplate seamounts; however, relatively little is known about how slope topography changes constrain those depositional patterns. In this study, we analyse data on four lithotypes found on seamount slopes, including colloidal chemical deposits comprising mainly cobalt-rich crusts, and examine the relationships between the spatial distribution of these lithotypes and current slope topography. We use these relationships to discuss depositional patterns constrained by slope topography changes. Some depositional units in drill core samples are interpreted to have resulted from past topographic changes that created the current slope topography. Two or more types of deposits that accumulated at the same location implies that the slope topography changed over time and that the depositional patterns on seamount slopes are constrained by changes in slope topography.

International audience; The goal of this paper is to analyze how and with what results place-based climate service co-production may be enacted within a community for whom climate change is not a locally salient concern. Aiming to initiate a climate-centered dialogue, a hybrid team of scientists and artists collected local narratives within the Kerourien neighbourhood, in the city of Brest in Brittany, France. Kerourien is a place known for its stigmatizing crime, poverty, marginalization and state of disrepair. Social work is higher on the agenda than climate action. The team thus acknowledged that local narratives might not make much mention of climate change, and recognized part of the work might be to shift awareness to the actual or potential, current or future, connections between everyday non-climate concerns and climate issues. Such a shift called for a practical intervention, centered on local culture.The narrative collection process was dovetailed with preparing the neighbourhood’s 50th anniversary celebration and establishing a series of art performances to celebrate the neighbourhood and its residents. Non-climate and quasi-climate stories were collected, documented, and turned into art forms. The elements of climate service co-production in this process are twofold. First, they point to the ways in which non-climate change related local concerns may be mapped out in relation to climate change adaptation, showing how non-climate change concerns call for climate information. Secondly, they show how the co-production of climate services may go beyond the provision of climate information by generating procedural benefits such as local empowerment – thus generating capacities that may be mobilized to face climate change. We conclude by stressing that “place-based climate service co-production for action” may require questioning the nature of the “services” rendered, questioning the nature of “place,” and questioning what “action” entails. We offer leads for addressing these questions in ways that help realise empowerment and greater social justice.

In 2018, the dominant greenhouse gases released into Earth's atmosphere-carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide-continued their increase. The annual global average carbon dioxide concentration at Earth's surface was 407.4 ± 0.1 ppm, the highest in the modern instrumental record and in ice core records dating back 800 000 years. Combined, greenhouse gases and several halogenated gases contribute just over 3 W m−2 to radiative forcing and represent a nearly 43% increase since 1990. Carbon dioxide is responsible for about 65% of this radiative forcing. With a weak La Niña in early 2018 transitioning to a weak El Niño by the year's end, the global surface (land and ocean) temperature was the fourth highest on record, with only 2015 through 2017 being warmer. Several European countries reported record high annual temperatures. There were also more high, and fewer low, temperature extremes than in nearly all of the 68-year extremes record. Madagascar recorded a record daily temperature of 40.5°C in Morondava in March, while South Korea set its record high of 41.0°C in August in Hongcheon. Nawabshah, Pakistan, recorded its highest temperature of 50.2°C, which may be a new daily world record for April. Globally, the annual lower troposphere temperature was third to seventh highest, depending on the dataset analyzed. The lower stratospheric temperature was approximately fifth lowest. The 2018 Arctic land surface temperature was 1.2°C above the 1981-2010 average, tying for third highest in the 118-year record, following 2016 and 2017. June's Arctic snow cover extent was almost half of what it was 35 years ago. Across Greenland, however, regional summer temperatures were generally below or near average. Additionally, a satellite survey of 47 glaciers in Greenland indicated a net increase in area for the first time since records began in 1999. Increasing permafrost temperatures were reported at most observation sites in the Arctic, with the overall increase of 0.1°-0.2°C between 2017 and 2018 being comparable to the highest rate of warming ever observed in the region. On 17 March, Arctic sea ice extent marked the second smallest annual maximum in the 38-year record, larger than only 2017. The minimum extent in 2018 was reached on 19 September and again on 23 September, tying 2008 and 2010 for the sixth lowest extent on record. The 23 September date tied 1997 as the latest sea ice minimum date on record. First-year ice now dominates the ice cover, comprising 77% of the March 2018 ice pack compared to 55% during the 1980s. Because thinner, younger ice is more vulnerable to melting out in summer, this shift in sea ice age has contributed to the decreasing trend in minimum ice extent. Regionally, Bering Sea ice extent was at record lows for almost the entire 2017/18 ice season. For the Antarctic continent as a whole, 2018 was warmer than average. On the highest points of the Antarctic Plateau, the automatic weather station Relay (74°S) broke or tied six monthly temperature records throughout the year, with August breaking its record by nearly 8°C. However, cool conditions in the western Bellingshausen Sea and Amundsen Sea sector contributed to a low melt season overall for 2017/18. High SSTs contributed to low summer sea ice extent in the Ross and Weddell Seas in 2018, underpinning the second lowest Antarctic summer minimum sea ice extent on record. Despite conducive conditions for its formation, the ozone hole at its maximum extent in September was near the 2000-18 mean, likely due to an ongoing slow decline in stratospheric chlorine monoxide concentration. Across the oceans, globally averaged SST decreased slightly since the record El Niño year of 2016 but was still far above the climatological mean. On average, SST is increasing at a rate of 0.10° ± 0.01°C decade−1 since 1950. The warming appeared largest in the tropical Indian Ocean and smallest in the North Pacific. The deeper ocean continues to warm year after year. For the seventh consecutive year, global annual mean sea level became the highest in the 26-year record, rising to 81 mm above the 1993 average. As anticipated in a warming climate, the hydrological cycle over the ocean is accelerating: dry regions are becoming drier and wet regions rainier. Closer to the equator, 95 named tropical storms were observed during 2018, well above the 1981-2010 average of 82. Eleven tropical cyclones reached Saffir-Simpson scale Category 5 intensity. North Atlantic Major Hurricane Michael's landfall intensity of 140 kt was the fourth strongest for any continental U.S. hurricane landfall in the 168-year record. Michael caused more than 30 fatalities and $25 billion (U.S. dollars) in damages. In the western North Pacific, Super Typhoon Mangkhut led to 160 fatalities and $6 billion (U.S. dollars) in damages across the Philippines, Hong Kong, Macau, mainland China, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands. Tropical Storm Son-Tinh was responsible for 170 fatalities in Vietnam and Laos. Nearly all the islands of Micronesia experienced at least moderate impacts from various tropical cyclones. Across land, many areas around the globe received copious precipitation, notable at different time scales. Rodrigues and Réunion Island near southern Africa each reported their third wettest year on record. In Hawaii, 1262 mm precipitation at Waipā Gardens (Kauai) on 14-15 April set a new U.S. record for 24-h precipitation. In Brazil, the city of Belo Horizonte received nearly 75 mm of rain in just 20 minutes, nearly half its monthly average. Globally, fire activity during 2018 was the lowest since the start of the record in 1997, with a combined burned area of about 500 million hectares. This reinforced the long-term downward trend in fire emissions driven by changes in land use in frequently burning savannas. However, wildfires burned 3.5 million hectares across the United States, well above the 2000-10 average of 2.7 million hectares. Combined, U.S. wildfire damages for the 2017 and 2018 wildfire seasons exceeded $40 billion (U.S. dollars).

This study investigated the effects of a CoCl2-simulated hypoxic environment on the muscle fiber switching signaling pathways calcineurin A/nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1 (CnA/NFATc1) and myostatin. In this study, C2C12 muscle cells were cultured in vitro under CoCl2-simulated chemical hypoxic conditions, the expression levels of CnA and myostatin were detected through qRT-PCR and Western blot analyses, and a positioning study of NFATc1 was carried out by immunofluorescence labeling. Results showed that CoCl2 treatment significantly increased the expression levels of CnA and myostatin. Moreover, the position of NFATc1 expression changed; actually, its expression in the nucleus considerably increased. Furthermore, CoCl2-induced hypoxia inhibited the differentiation of C2C12 cells and reduced the expression levels of many slow- and fast-twitch muscles marker genes, but immunofluorescence staining results showed that the proportion of MyHC I type muscle fiber increased after CoCl2 treatment. The hypoxic environment simulated by CoCl2 can activate the signaling pathways CnA/NFATc1 and myostatin and increases the proportion of MyHC I type muscle fibers.

In 2017, the dominant greenhouse gases released into Earth's atmosphere-carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide-reached new record highs. The annual global average carbon dioxide concentration at Earth's surface for 2017 was 405.0 ± 0.1 ppm, 2.2 ppm greater than for 2016 and the highest in the modern atmospheric measurement record and in ice core records dating back as far as 800 000 years. The global growth rate of CO2 has nearly quadrupled since the early 1960s. With ENSO-neutral conditions present in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean during most of the year and weak La Niña conditions notable at the start and end, the global temperature across land and ocean surfaces ranked as the second or third highest, depending on the dataset, since records began in the mid-to-late 1800s. Notably, it was the warmest non-El Niño year in the instrumental record. Above Earth's surface, the annual lower tropospheric temperature was also either second or third highest according to all datasets analyzed. The lower stratospheric temperature was about 0.2°C higher than the record cold temperature of 2016 according to most of the in situ and satellite datasets. Several countries, including Argentina, Uruguay, Spain, and Bulgaria, reported record high annual temperatures. Mexico broke its annual record for the fourth consecutive year. On 27 January, the temperature reached 43.4°C at Puerto Madryn, Argentina-the highest temperature recorded so far south (43°S) anywhere in the world. On 28 May in Turbat, western Pakistan, the high of 53.5°C tied Pakistan's all-time highest temperature and became the world-record highest temperature for May. In the Arctic, the 2017 land surface temperature was 1.6°C above the 1981-2010 average, the second highest since the record began in 1900, behind only 2016. The five highest annual Arctic temperatures have all occurred since 2007. Exceptionally high temperatures were observed in the permafrost across the Arctic, with record values reported in much of Alaska and northwestern Canada. In August, high sea surface temperature (SST) records were broken for the Chukchi Sea, with some regions as warm as +11°C, or 3° to 4°C warmer than the longterm mean (1982-present). According to paleoclimate studies, today's abnormally warm Arctic air and SSTs have not been observed in the last 2000 years. The increasing temperatures have led to decreasing Arctic sea ice extent and thickness. On 7 March, sea ice extent at the end of the growth season saw its lowest maximum in the 37-year satellite record, covering 8% less area than the 1981-2010 average. The Arctic sea ice minimum on 13 September was the eighth lowest on record and covered 25% less area than the long-term mean. Preliminary data indicate that glaciers across the world lost mass for the 38th consecutive year on record; the declines are remarkably consistent from region to region. Cumulatively since 1980, this loss is equivalent to slicing 22 meters off the top of the average glacier. Antarctic sea ice extent remained below average for all of 2017, with record lows during the first four months. Over the continent, the austral summer seasonal melt extent and melt index were the second highest since 2005, mostly due to strong positive anomalies of air temperature over most of the West Antarctic coast. In contrast, the East Antarctic Plateau saw record low mean temperatures in March. The year was also distinguished by the second smallest Antarctic ozone hole observed since 1988. Across the global oceans, the overall long-term SST warming trend remained strong. Although SST cooled slightly from 2016 to 2017, the last three years produced the three highest annual values observed; these high anomalies have been associated with widespread coral bleaching. The most recent global coral bleaching lasted three full years, June 2014 to May 2017, and was the longest, most widespread, and almost certainly most destructive such event on record. Global integrals of 0-700-m and 0-2000-m ocean heat content reached record highs in 2017, and global mean sea level during the year became the highest annual average in the 25-year satellite altimetry record, rising to 77 mm above the 1993 average. In the tropics, 2017 saw 85 named tropical storms, slightly above the 1981-2010 average of 82. The North Atlantic basin was the only basin that featured an above-normal season, its seventh most active in the 164-year record. Three hurricanes in the basin were especially notable. Harvey produced record rainfall totals in areas of Texas and Louisiana, including a storm total of 1538.7 mm near Beaumont, Texas, which far exceeds the previous known U.S. tropical cyclone record of 1320.8 mm. Irma was the strongest tropical cyclone globally in 2017 and the strongest Atlantic hurricane outside of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean on record with maximum winds of 295 km h-1. Maria caused catastrophic destruction across the Caribbean Islands, including devastating wind damage and flooding across Puerto Rico. Elsewhere, the western North Pacific, South Indian, and Australian basins were all particularly quiet. Precipitation over global land areas in 2017 was clearly above the long-term average. Among noteworthy regional precipitation records in 2017, Russia reported its second wettest year on record (after 2013) and Norway experienced its sixth wettest year since records began in 1900. Across India, heavy rain and flood-related incidents during the monsoon season claimed around 800 lives. In August and September, above-normal precipitation triggered the most devastating floods in more than a decade in the Venezuelan states of Bolívar and Delta Amacuro. In Nigeria, heavy rain during August and September caused the Niger and Benue Rivers to overflow, bringing floods that displaced more than 100 000 people. Global fire activity was the lowest since at least 2003; however, high activity occurred in parts of North America, South America, and Europe, with an unusually long season in Spain and Portugal, which had their second and third driest years on record, respectively. Devastating fires impacted British Columbia, destroying 1.2 million hectares of timber, bush, and grassland, due in part to the region's driest summer on record. In the United States, an extreme western wildfire season burned over 4 million hectares; the total costs of $18 billion tripled the previous U.S. annual wildfire cost record set in 1991.

The evaluation of mineral resources on seamounts by geostatistics faces two key challenges. First, the conventional distance/orientation- and the simple distance-based variogram functions used are ineffective at expressing the spatial self-correlation and continuity of cobalt-rich crust thicknesses on seamounts. Second, the sampling stations used for a single seamount are generally very sparsely distributed because of the high survey costs, which results in an insufficient number of information points for variogram fitting. Here, we present an alternative geostatistical method that uses distance/gradient- and distance/relative-depth-based variograms to process data collected from several neighboring seamounts, allowing the variogram fitting. The application example reported for the Magellan seamounts demonstrates the suitability of the method for evaluating the mineral resources of cobalt-rich crusts. The method could be effective also for the analysis of surface data obtained from mountain slopes on land (e.g., soil).

Field experiments were conducted to study the effect of triazophos degradation on chlorophyll content,and the correlation between triazophos degradation ratio and change ratio of chlorophyll content in leaves of two rice varieties(Nei2you6,Xiushui09),which were treated with triazophos at two concentrations(2 250 mL hm-2 and 4 500 mL hm-2) at previously ripening stage.The results showed that triazophos affected chlorophyll content and its effect increased with the increasing of triazophos concentration.The time effect of triazophos on chlorophyll content was different between Nei2you6(20 d) and Xiushui09(20 d).Triazophos caused significant variation in chlorophyll content between the two varieties with time.The chlorophyll content of the two varieties treated with triazophos did not statistically show significant difference against CK(P0.05) after spraying triazophos.During the period from day 3 to 14 after spraying,the chlorophyll content decreased in Nei2you6,but increased in Xiushui09 compared with the CK(P0.05) respectively.The chlorophyll content in Nei2you6 and Xiushui09 did not change significantly and increased significantly compared with CK(P0.05) at day 21 after triazophos was sprayed.Generally,triazophos degradation ratio was correlated with change ratio of chlorophyll content,but the correlation was significantly different between the two varieties,that is,negative correlation existed for Nei2you6 and positive for Xiushui09.

For $$\frac{1}{4}< a< \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{4}$$ , let S1(x)=ax, S2(x)=1−a+ax, x∈[0, 1]. Ca is the attractor of the iterated function system {S1, S2}, then the packing measure of Ca×Ca is Ps(a)(Ca×Ca)=4·2s(a)(1−a)s(a), wheres(a)=-log a 4.

For the Hausdorff measure of the Sierpinski gasket, the estimate Hs(S)≥0.5 has been obtained, where s = dim H(S) = log 3/log 2 = log 23.

On the basis of a large-scale survey with 269 sampling sites and a field experiment with 12 cultivars grown at 3 ecologically different locations, Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) contamination in milled rice grains and its variation among different locations were investigated in the area of southeast China. The objective of this study was mainly to assess the present situation of Cd and Pb contamination in rice grains harvested locally and find out the variation of Cd and Pb background levels in rice grains among the diverse regional locations. The results showed that: a) Cd concentrations in milled rice grains ranged from trace (below 10 ng/g) to 340 ng/g, with the means of 81.4 ng/g (AM) and 55.2 ng/g (GM) for the 269 samples, whereas Pb concentrations ranged from trace (below 10 ng/g) to 1136 ng/g, with the means of 113.5 ng/g (AM) and 51.0 ng/g (GM), respectively. High frequency was observed for both the Cd and Pb concentrations ranging from trace to 200 ng/g, with 95.9% for Cd and 84.8% for Pb, respectively. b) ANOVA for the AMs and GMs among 269 sampling sites indicated that there were significant differences among the different spatial locations in Cd or Pb concentrations. c) The Cd concentrations in milled rice grains were poorly correlated with Pb concentration among the 269 sampling sites surveyed, and no significant difference (P>0.05) in the AMs or GMs of Cd and Pb concentration was observed among different cities within a range of the same provinces, only with an exception for 1-2 provinces. d) Variance analysis of Cd, Pb concentrations for 12 rice cultivars grown in three locations showed that the great difference in coefficients of variation (CV) was observed both among cultivars grown in the same location and among locations of cultivars planted, in which locations showed much more contribution to the variation of Cd or Pb concentration in milled rice grains as compared with cultivars.

The gravitational exchange of fluids between two bodies of water of slightly different density through a channel with a smooth two-dimensional underwater sill is studied theoretically and experimentally. Internal hydraulic theory is extended to incorporate the effects of streamline curvature caused by the sill. The extended theory is applied to both single and two-layer flows. Unlike internal hydraulic theory which fails to predict a whole class of two-layer flows, namely, approach-controlled flows, the extended theory with non-hydrostatic pressure considered achieves excellent agreement with previous experimental measurements. Internal hydraulic theory is further extended to incorporate the effects of friction caused by the channel and the two-layer interface, as well as the streamline curvature. For the exchange flow through a channel of constant width with a sill, maximal exchange occurs when both sill and exit controls are present. With the effects of curvature and friction considered, the sill control is shifted away from the sill crest, and the internal energy is no longer constant. Exchange flows established in the laboratory are studied using flow visualization, particle tracking, and image processing techniques. The friction factors for the sidewalls and bottom are estimated using boundary layer theories, while the interfacial friction factor is determined experimentally. The friction reduces the internal energy throughout the channel, significantly increases the interface slope and reduces the flow rate. The frictional effect is important throughout the channel, whereas the curvature effect is mainly important in the sill region. With both effects included, the exchange flow over a sill is accurately predicted. On the interface of exchange flows, interfacial instabilities are observed, with Kelvin- Helmholtz instabilities at both ends of the channel where shear is strong, and Holmboe instabilities in the middle region where shear is weaker. The Holmboe instabilities have been studied in detail. The existence of the negative shift, i.e., the shear center being lower than the density interface, is confirmed. This shift initially results in non-symmetric Holmboe waves. Later in the experiments, the shift reduces to zero and symmetric Holmboe waves are observed. The growth rate, wave lengths, and wave speeds of the Holmboe instabilities are measured and found to be in agreement with the linear stability theory of Haigh (1995). Variations in wave speeds when the positive and negative waves pass through each other have been observed for the first time experimentally. The Holmboe waves are stabilized when the bulk Richardson number exceeds about 0.8.

We report Pt deposition on a Si substrate by means of atomic layer deposition (ALD) using (methylcy- clopentadienyl) trimethylplatinum (CH3C5H4Pt(CH3/3/ and O2. Silicon substrates with both HF-last and oxide- last surface treatments are employed to investigate the influence of surface preparation on Pt-ALD. A significantly longer incubation time and less homogeneity are observed for Pt growth on the HF-last substrate compared to the oxide-last substrate. An interfacial oxide layer at the Pt-Si interface is found inevitable even with HF treatment of the Si substrate immediately prior to ALD processing. A plausible explanation to the observed difference of Pt-ALD is discussed.

International audience; This research aims at identifying elements that might create an enabling environment for the protection of human security in Canada’s Arctic communities. Human security aims at protecting individual(s) against physical or non-physical, violent or non-violent threats (environment, health, development or well-being). In order to assess the current human security in Canadian Arctic, this research analyses the relational dynamics within Canadian Rangers patrols, which are composed of Indigenous people under the responsibility of non-Indigenous instructors. It focuses on Nunavik, where communities suffer from many risks related to the concept of human security, and analyses a corpus of 21 qualitative interviews and field observations conducted in 2016 and 2017. Data interpretation reveals that the Canadian government indirectly strengthens human security of its Arctic communities through Canadian Rangers and Junior Canadian Rangers patrols - Canadian Rangers’ youth counterpart. This strengthening of human security in Canadian Arctic communities results from a three-step process based on balanced and respectful relationship dynamics between Inuit Rangers and non-Inuit instructors, allowing Canadian Rangers patrols and Junior Canadian Rangers patrols to act as a source and a guarantee of human security.

International audience; The Canadian Rangers is a subcomponent of the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) reserve deployed in remote areas of Canada. Canadian Rangers’ patrols are composed mainly of indigenous under the responsibility of non-indigenous instructors. This close association of indigenous people with a non-indigenous military force raises the questions of assimilation and agency. How do patrols’ members describe the Canadian Rangers? Do elements of assimilation or of agency transpires from their discourse? This paper is based on an inductive analysis of twenty interviews and observations conducted in 2016 in Quebec. Two central themes can be identified in the data. First, phrases, or part of phrases, pointing towards the identification of assimilation were identified. Yet these elements refer to the assimilation – albeit limited – of instructors rather than Inuit. Second, elements referring to a positive contribution to Inuit agency were identified. These elements further explain the active support of Inuit for the subcomponent.

International audience; 1. Permafrost thaw generates risks for Arctic communities that are broad and cross-cutting.2. Current models of risk under climate change may not be able to address such categories of risk.3. We propose an initial scoping of existing risk models using field observations.

International audience

L’ouvrage de Tatiana Bulgakova est consacré aux Nanaï (nanaitsy) qui vivent sur les rives des fleuves Amour et Oussouri dans l’Extrême-Orient russe, et aux discours que ce peuple toungouse tient sur ses pratiques chamaniques et sur les dires et gestes des esprits. Composé de quatre parties complétées par des photographies, un index et un glossaire, il progresse selon une logique thématique, l’auteur exposant le résultat de ses recherches menées sur trois décennies (1980-2012). Dans la premièr...

International audience