19 results on '"Farooq, W."'
Search Results
2. Biomedical and engineering aspects of nonlinear radiative peristaltic transport in chemically reactive blood flow of Ellis nanofluid in an asymmetric channel with activation energy
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Guedri, Kamel, Lashin, Maha M.A., Abbasi, A., Khan, Sami Ullah, Farooq, W., Khan, M. Ijaz, and Galal, Ahmed M.
- Abstract
•Here peristaltic transport phenomenon is examined via asymmetric channel.•Ellis fluid model is utilized for the flow behavior.•Streamlines is presented.•Nonlinear radiative heat flux is used in energy expression.
- Published
- 2023
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3. Effects of non-linear radiation and chemical reaction on Oldroyd‐B nanofluid near oblique stagnation point flow
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Mabood, F., Abbasi, A., Farooq, W., Hussain, Z., and Badruddin, I.A.
- Abstract
•Oblique stagnation point flow over a stretching cylinder is considered.•Thermal and concentration slip conditions are imposed.•Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method is used for the numerical solution.•The effects of thermal radiation and chemical reaction are presented.•Local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are presented.
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- 2022
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4. An Insight Into the Dynamics of Carreau-Yasuda Nanofluid Through a Wavy Channel with Electroosmotic Effects: Relevance to Physiological Ducts
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Abbasi, A., Farooq, W., Khan, Sami Ullah, Adnan, Riaz, Arshad, and Bhatti, M. M.
- Abstract
Many physiological ducts, like sperm vessels, intestines, common bile ducts, ducts of salivary glands, and ducts in the repertory system, are common ducts in which transport occurs due to the propagation of complex waves on the boundary. Electroosmotic flow phenomena are significant in membrane separation processes, protein and peptide delivery, iontophoresis in drug delivery through physiological ducts, and a lot of application in plant physiology regarding pressure control in xylem and phloem vessels. The aim of this theoretical study is to analyze the thermal characteristics of physiological fluid characterized by the Carreau-Yasuda model in a complex wavy channel. The two agents of flow, i.e., the propagation of complex waves on the walls of the channel and the electric field in the axial direction, are considered. Different zeta potentials at both walls of the asymmetric channel are employed. Basic conservation laws, along with the Poisson-Boltzmann equation, are utilized to model the problem in the Cartesian coordinate system. Theoretical and biological assumptions like greater wavelength, lubrication transport, and Debye-Hückel linearization transform the governing equations of PDE into a coupled system of ODE. The shooting method is used, which is Solve, a built-in function in the computational software Mathematica to compute the stream function, temperature profile, concentration profile, and various flow and heat transfer characteristics. The impact of various penetrating parameters is described through plots. The magnitude of the velocity profile is increased near the center of geometry by increasing the electroosmotic parameter in the lower half of the regime. Then the Sherwood number and the Bejan number show enhanced behavior by increasing the electroosmotic parameter. The current analysis predicts dynamic applications in thermodynamical systems, cooling systems, biochemistry, and drug delivery systems.
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- 2024
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5. Synergistic effect of TEMPO-coated TiO2 nanorods for PDT applications in MCF-7 cell line model.
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Fakhar-e-Alam, M., Aqrab-ul-Ahmad, Atif, M., Alimgeer, K.S., Suleman Rana, Muhammad, Yaqub, Nafeesah, Aslam Farooq, W., and Ahmad, Hijaz
- Abstract
This study focuses on the synthesis, characterization, and assessment of the synergistic effect of 2,2,6,6, tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPO)-coated titanium dioxide nanorods (TiO 2 NRs) for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Firstly, TiO 2 NRs were synthesized by the sol–gel technique. Then, TEMPO was grafted on TiO 2 NRs with the aid of oxoammonium salts. Next, the final product was characterized by applying manifold characterization techniques. X-ray diffraction was used to perform crystallographic analysis; transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to conduct morphological analysis; Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectra were recorded to perform molecular fingerprint analysis. Furthermore, experimental and empirical modeling was performed to confirm the suitability of as-prepared samples for PDT applications using (MCF-7 cell line) Human Breast Cancer cell line. Our results revealed that bare TiO 2 NRs did not exhibit a significant response for therapeutic applications compared to TEMPO-conjugated TiO 2 NRs in the dark; however, they exhibited a prominent response for the PDT application under UV-A light. Therefore, it is concluded that TEMPO-coated TiO 2 NRs shows the synergistic response for therapeutic approach under UV-A light irradiation. In addition, TEMPO capped TiO2 nanorods not only overcome the multidrug resistance (MDR) hindrance but also exhibit excellent response for cancer cell (MCF-7 cells) treatment only under UV light irradiation via PDT. It is expected that the proposed TiO 2 NRs + TEMPO nanocomposite, which is suitable for PDT treatment, may be essential for photodynamic therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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6. Synthesis of NiO nanoparticles and their evaluation for photodynamic therapy against HeLa cancer cells.
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AlSalhi, Mohamad S., Aziz, Muhammad Hammad, Atif, M., Fatima, Mahvish, Shaheen, Fozia, Devanesan, Sandhanasamy, and Aslam Farooq, W.
- Abstract
The worldwide increase in malignancy rates has caused an increase of research interest for compelling and safe materials used for cancer treatment. A standout amongst the most pervasive types of treatment for malignant growth is photodynamic therapy (PDT), which is viewed as an alternative to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. PDT utilizing metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) is anticipated to be a useful approach for the treatment of malignant tumors. In the present study, NiO NPs were synthesized via a chemical co-precipitation (CPT) technique and characterized using XRD, SEM, TEM, UV–Visible spectroscopy, and EDX spectroscopy. The particle size was measured to be in the range of 90–120 nm using different characterization techniques. UV–visible spectroscopy showed the maximum absorption band was 340 nm, which confirmed the formation of the NiO NPs. Subsequently, the cytotoxicity of the NiO NPs was studied using a HeLa cancer cell line at various concentrations (10–180 μg/mL). An MTT assay was carried out and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) were investigated to determine the cell killing effects and their relationship with the loss of cell viability upon treatment with NiO alone or in the presence of light. Our results show that a light dose of 100 J/cm
2 and NiO NPs concentration of 180 μg/mL exhibited an effective PDT outcome on cervical cancer cells. These key outcomes support the photokilling effect of NiO NPs as a potential treatment for cervical malignancy and their in-vivo application is inferred from their biocompatible properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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7. Single Crystal Growth of Two-Dimensional Cyano-Bridged Coordination Polymer of Co(H2O)2Ni(CN)4·4H2O Using Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate
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Azhar, Alowasheeir, Zakaria, Mohamed Barakat, Kim, Jeonghun, Na, Jongbeom, Kaneti, Yusuf Valentino, Fatehmulla, Amanullah, Aldhafiri, Abdullah M, Farooq, W Aslam, Bando, Yoshio, Yamauchi, Yusuke, and Lin, Jianjian
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Single crystal Co(H2O)2Ni(CN)4·4H2O has been successfully synthesized by a slow diffusion method using trisodium citrate dihydrate for controlling the nucleation rate and the crystal growth. The single crystal X-ray diffraction results show the obtained crystals with a two-dimensional orthorhombic unit cell, assembled from cationic Co ions and anionic [Ni(CN)4]2-units connected by bridging cyanide groups.Single crystal Co(H2O)2Ni(CN)4·4H2O is successfully synthesized by a slow diffusion method using trisodium citrate dihydrate for controlling the nucleation rate and the crystal growth. The single crystal X-ray diffraction results show the obtained crystals have a two-dimensional orthorhombic unit cell, built up of cationic Co ions and anionic [Ni(CN)4]2-units connected by a bridging cyanide compound.
- Published
- 2019
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8. Peristaltic flow of chemically reactive Ellis fluid through an asymmetric channel: Heat and mass transfer analysis.
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Abbasi, A., Khan, Sami Ullah, Farooq, W., Mughal, F.M., Ijaz Khan, M., Prasannakumara, B.C., El-Wakad, Mohamed Tarek, Guedri, Kamel, and Galal, Ahmed M.
- Subjects
REACTIVE flow ,HEAT transfer ,REYNOLDS number ,THEORY of wave motion ,FLUIDS ,MASS transfer - Abstract
The importance of the peristaltic phenomena in biological and biomedical engineering has recently sparked a significant interest. In the current study, the peristaltic pattern of Ellis fluid in a channel has been inspected following the propagation of wave train with infinite magnitude. The confined flow regime is assumed due to asymmetric channel. The chemical reaction features are also considered in the modelling. The flow modelling is followed with the small Reynolds number hypothesis while the long wavelength is premised. The influence of various emerging physical parameters in the obtained solutions is observed. The computed result is presented in graphical form and discussed. The streamlines for flow parameters are also presented and discussed under different flow situations. The significant results of the current studies are that, the fluid velocity declined with higher values of Ellis fluid parameters. The pressure gradient improves with the material parameters. The higher fluctuation in power-law index α improves the temperature profile. The concentration reduces with the Soret constant and Schmidt number. The more significant change in power-law index and material perimeter result in a progressive concentration profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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9. Bioconvective Homann flow of tangent hyperbolic nanofluid due to spiraling disk with convective and zero mas flux constraints
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Maatoug, Samah, Abbasi, A., Farooq, W., Khan, Sami Ullah, Ghachem, Kaouther, Aich, Walid, and Moulahi, Ali
- Abstract
The phenomenon of bioconvection in nanomaterials presents novel applications in the biotechnology, biofuels, enzymes, biomedical engineering and energy systems. Current exploration explores the applications of bioconvection in Homann flow of nanofluid due to spiraling of disk theoretically. The generalized model namely tangent hyperbolic fluid is used to predicts the rheological and thermal impact. The stability of nanofluid is ensured with interaction of motile microorganisms. The Boungrino nanofluid model with thermophoresis and Brownian motion features is used to perform the analysis The thermal distribution of nanofluids is proceeded by utilizing the zero mass thermal constraints. The similarity variables are introduced in order to estimating the dimensionless formulation. The Keller Box method with higher efficiency is imposed with implicit finite difference numerical algorithm. The main observations reveal that with enhancing the radial velocity and azimuthal velocity decreases with increasing sparling angle. For highly viscous case, a decrement in the azimuthal velocity has been observed.
- Published
- 2023
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10. A mathematical model for radiative peristaltic flow of Jeffrey fluid in curved channel with Joule heating and different walls: Shooting technique analysis.
- Author
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Hussain, Zahid, Al-Khaled, Kamel, Ashrif, Uzma, Abbasi, A., Ullah Khan, Sami, Farooq, W, Ijaz Khan, M., Farooq, Shahid, and Malik, M.Y.
- Subjects
RADIATIVE flow ,SHOOTING techniques ,HEAT transfer coefficient ,HEAT radiation & absorption ,LIFE sciences ,STAGNATION flow - Abstract
The peristaltic phenomenon has intended the researcher's attention due to its extensive applications in bio-mechanics, industries and biological sciences. The applications of peristaltic transport problems are observed in the transportation of cilia, food mixing in digestive tract, small blood vessels vasomtion, urine transportation etc. Following to such motivating applications in minds, this theoretical analysis presents the peristaltic flow of magnetized Jeffery fluid through accounted by curved channel in presence of heat transfer. The assumed flow is confined by different wave frames. The heat transfer inspection has been performed by utilizing the non-linear thermal radiation and joule heating features. The curvilinear coordinate system is used to model the two dimensional, laminar and incompressible Jeffrey fluid with peristaltic phenomenon. The partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations in view of appropriate quantities. The implementation of wave length with long magnitude and the assumptions of smaller Reynolds assumptions, the governing system of ordinary system is solved numerically by using shooting technique. The dynamic of involved quantities and physical variables is observed carefully. A declining observation in the temperature in all forms of waves has been noticed for increasing the viscoelastic parameter. The heat transfer coefficient for all waves enhanced for the radius of curvature. Moreover, the velocity of the fluid declines in the lower half of the channel and rises near upper wall of the curved channel due to magnetic parameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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11. Investigations on amidoxime grafted sepiolite based chitosan organic–inorganic nanohybrid composite beads towards wastewater detoxification.
- Author
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Khan, Mohib Ullah, Al-Asbahi, Bandar Ali, Bibi, Saira, Taimur, Shaista, Nawaz, Mohsan, Yasin, Tariq, Farooq, W. Aslam, Ali, Zarshad, Bibi, Iram, Begum, Saddiqa, Bahader, Ali, ur Rehman, Zia, Yaqub, Nafeesah, and Ahmed, Abdullah Ahmed Ali
- Abstract
This work explores the fabrication of organic–inorganic nanohybrid based biopolymer composite systems for the cleaning of different contaminants from wastewater. This system involves the simultaneous radiation grafting techniques for sepiolite (SP) modification and the simple mixing of modified-SP with biopolymer matrix, chitosan (CS). The SP beads were chemically modified with amidoxime prior to its use in composite systems. The synthesized composite beads were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), nitrogen physical adsorption (BET) investigations, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), atomic absorption and UV–visible spectroscopy. Hydrolytic stability of beads was also investigated in aqueous media, beads showed excellent stability in aqueous medium and in acidic environment. Here, the sorption profile of copper over amidoxime grafted SP-nanohybrid (MSP) incorporating CS-beads is reported. Furthermore, the key adsorptive variables, i.e. contact time, adsorbent dose, and concentration of adsorbate are discussed. Different isothermal (Langmuir and Freundlich) and kinetics model were also elaborated. Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order models are proved to be the best fit models for Cu (II) removal in aqueous system. To explore the efficacy of the material towards organic pollutants, methylene blue (MB) was selected as model compound and adsorbed on nanohybrid beads. The results revealed that organic–inorganic nanohybrid incorporating CS beads are quite effective for contaminated water remediation, owing to their better adsorptive performance, high stability and easy application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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12. Structural and optical properties of pure and Ag doped ZnO thin films obtained by sol gel spin coating technique
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Mansoor Ali, Syed, Farooq, W. A., Baig, M. R., Shar, M.A., Atif, M., Alghamdi, S. S., Algarawi, M. S., Ur-Rehman, Naeem, and Hammad Aziz, Muhammad
- Abstract
We have investigated the influence of Ag doping on zinc oxide thin films. Pure and Ag doped, preferentially oriented transparent zinc oxide thin films were prepared by sol gel technique on a glass substrate using diethyl amine as a stabilizer. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the films with hexagonal wurtzite type structure were polycrystalline in nature with a preferred grain orientation in the 101 direction. The crystallite sizes decreased from 34 nm to 27 nm after silver doping. Both photoluminescence and optical transmission measurements showed that the band gap increased after the Ag doping. The structure and optical characterization studies clearly indicated the incorporation of Ag in ZnO. Hence, the observed increase in the optical band gap and decrease in crystallite size can be directly attributed to the effect of Ag ion incorporation into the ZnO lattice.
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- 2015
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13. Damage Profile of HDPE Polymer using Laser-Induced Plasma
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Tawfik, Walid, Farooq, W. Aslam, and Alahmed, Z.A.
- Abstract
In this paper we studied the laser-induced crater depth, mass, and emission spectra of laser-ablated high-density polyethylene (HDPE) polymer using the laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS) technique. This study was performed using a Nd:YAG laser with 100 mJ energy and 7 ns pulse width, focused normal to the surface of the sample. The nanoscale change in ablated depth versus number of laser pulses was studied. By using scanning electron microscope (SEM) images, the crater depth and ablated mass were estimated. The LIPS spectral intensities were observed for major and minor elements with depth. The comparison between the LIPS results and SEM images showed that LIPS could be used to estimate the crater depth, which is of interest for some applications such as thin-film lithography measurements and online measurements of thickness in film deposition techniques.
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- 2014
14. Qualitative Analysis and Plasma Characteristics of Soil from a Desert Area using LIBS Technique
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Farooq, W. Aslam, Tawfik, Walid, Al-Mutairi, Fahad N., and Alahmed, Zeyad A.
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In this work, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is used to investigate soil samples collected from different desert areas of Riyadh city in Saudi Arabia. Both qualitative analysis and plasma parameters are studied via the observed LIBS spectra. These experiments have been done using a Spectrolaser-7000 system with 50 mJ fundamental wavelength of Nd:YAG laser and detection delay time of 1 microsecond. Many spectral lines are highly resolved for many elements like Al, Fe, Mg, Si, Mn, Na, Ca and K. The electron temperatures Te and electron densities Ne, for the constituent of generated LIBS plasma, are determined for all the collected samples. It is found that both Te and Ne vary from one desert area to other. This variation is due to the change of the elemental concentration in different desert areas that affects the sample's matrices. Time dependent measurements have also been performed on the soil samples. While the signal-to-base ratio (SBR) reached its optimal value at 1 microsecond, the plasma parameters Ne and Te reach values of
$4{\times}10^{17}cm^{-3}$ and 9235 K, respectively, at 2.5 microsecond. The later indicate that the plasma cooling processes are slow in comparison to the previously observed results for metallic samples. The observed results show also that in the future it is possible to enhance the exploitation of LIBS in the remote on-line environmental monitoring application, by following up only the values of Ne and Te for one element of the soil desert sample using an optical fiber probe.- Published
- 2013
15. A novel mathematical model for COVID-19 with remedial strategies.
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Javeed, Shumaila, Anjum, Subtain, Alimgeer, Khurram Saleem, Atif, M., Khan, Mansoor Shaukat, Farooq, W. Aslam, Hanif, Atif, Ahmad, Hijaz, and Yao, Shao-Wen
- Abstract
Coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak from Wuhan, Hubei province in China and spread out all over the World. In this work, a new mathematical model is proposed. The model consists the system of ODEs. The developed model describes the transmission pathways by employing non constant transmission rates with respect to the conditions of environment and epidemiology. There are many mathematical models purposed by many scientists. In this model, " α E " and " α I ", transmission coefficients of the exposed cases to susceptible and infectious cases to susceptible respectively, are included. " δ " as a governmental action and restriction against the spread of coronavirus is also introduced. The RK method of order four (RK4) is employed to solve the model equations. The results are presented for four countries i.e., Pakistan, Italy, Japan, and Spain etc. The parametric study is also performed to validate the proposed model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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16. An Implicit Finite Difference Analysis of Von Karman Flow of Second Grade Nanofluid with Temperature Dependent Viscosity
- Author
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Abbasi, A., Batool, M., Farooq, W., and Hussain, Z.
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This numerical study elaborate the Von Karman swirling flow of second grade fluid having temperature dependent viscosity. The governing non-linear partial differential equations converted into non-dimensional ordinary differential equations using suitable transformations. The system of resulting ordinary differential equations are solved using the well-known implicit finite difference scheme. Then the results are presented graphically and the impact of various involved parameters on velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles. Redial and transversal shear stress on the surface of the disk, local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are presented through tables. It is found that Variable viscosity parameter θδ, Thermorpheratic parameter, Brownian motion and the suction parameter oppose the motion while the Non-Newtonian fluid parameter and the Prandtl number assist the fluid motion. Variable viscosity parameter enhance both temperature and concentration fields but reduces the magnitude of radial and transversal shear stresses. The results are compared with the existing results and found to be an excellent agreement.
- Published
- 2021
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17. Elemental composition and physical characteristics of the massive meteorite of the Saudi empty quarter.
- Author
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AlSalhi, M.S., Masilamani, V., Alarifi, Nasser, Aslam Farooq, W., Atif, M., Ramay, Shahid, Saeed Althobaiti, Hayat, Anwar, Saqib, Elkhedr, Ibrahim, and Abuamarah, Bassam A.
- Abstract
The meteorite found in the Empty Quarter of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is the largest meteorite found in the KSA and has the shape of an irregular ellipsoid with semi-axes of 0.65 m, 0.38 m, and 0.27 m; a density of 6400 kg/m
3 ; and a mass of 2550 kg. It is a massive piece belonging to the category of iron–nickel meteorites, which is contained in only 5% of the total showers. The present report is on the Elemental composition and physical characteristics of the massive meteorite of the saudi empty quarter employing with laser-induced break down spectroscopy (LIBS), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscope (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectrophotometry (EDX). Present study has indicated that the meteorite is composed of about 5% Ni, 91% Fe, 1.51% P, 0.3% Co, and a host of other elements, most of them appeared as oxides. The measured density of the meteorite is 6400 kg/m3 and it is confirmed by the micro-hardness test that the meteorite is porous (approximately about 19%). Based on our investigation, it is very likely that this meteorite would have "escaped" from the belt around Mars and Jupiter and is unlikely from the moon or elsewhere. This could be the first such study, employing the advanced instruments mentioned above regarding massive Saudi meteorite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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18. Structural, morphological, antimicrobial, and in vitro photodynamic therapeutic assessments of novel Zn+2-substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles.
- Author
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Iqbal, Seemab, Fakhar-e-Alam, Muhammad, Atif, M., Amin, N., Alimgeer, K.S., Ali, Adnan, Aqrab-ul-Ahmad, Hanif, Atif, and Aslam Farooq, W.
- Abstract
In present study, we assessed the antitumor and antibacterial response of Zn 0.5 Co 0.5 Fe 2 O 4 nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized usingsol-gel method. The toxicological mechanism of current smart materials is considered to be valuable keeping in view its many promising applications. The structure, morphology, and magnetic behavior of theZn x Co (1-x) Fe 2 O 4 nanoparticles NPs were assessed using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The cytotoxic and photo-cytotoxic responses of the magnetic NPs were examined in a hepatocellular HepG2 model in the dark and under an optimum laser fluence dose of 80 J/cm
2 using a wavelength of 630 nm for a short exposure time. A percentage loss of 60% was observed in a 250 µg/mL NP solution according to the cell viability of the labeled HepG2 cell model. Empirical modeling analysis revealed the reflex duplicate response of the experimental results. Antibacterial studies were performed on different types of bacteria via in vitro optical density analysis. Presented vision with varying factors will be useful for biomedical applications of Zn 0.5 Co 0.5 Fe 2 O 4 nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
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19. A numerical study for mixed convective peristaltic flow of an Oldroyd-4 constant nanofluid in a planner channel
- Author
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Abbasi, A., Farooq, W., Ali, N., and Ahmad, I.
- Abstract
In this paper peristaltic motion of an Oldroyd-4 constant nanofluid under the influence of Buoyancy forces is taken into account. The Buongiorno model is utilized to see the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis on the different features of the flow, heat transfer and concentration. In order to facilitate the solution of modeled equations first the governing equations are transformed to system of ordinary differential equations under the assumption of long wavelength and low Reynolds number. The resulting equations are solved using shooting method along with fourth order R. K. method. It is observed that the amplitude of heat flux rises and effective moment of nanoparticles from wall to the center line of the channel which enhance the thermal conductivity at the wall. This is due to the increase in the kinetic energy and Brownian motion. The effects of different parameters are illustrated through graphs and tabulated data is given to compare the effects of shear stress on walls of the channel with Newtonian fluids.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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