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Objective: Basic scientific studies have demonstrated positive effects of platelet‐rich therapies, such as platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) and platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF), on tendon repair. However, clinical evidence indicating improved prognosis is controversial. In this study, we aimed to determine whether augmentation of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with PRP and PRF improves outcomes compared to arthroscopic repair alone. Literature Survey: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases were comprehensively searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published until June 2022 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. No language restriction was applied. Methodology: The primary outcomes were the rate of repeat tears after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (retear rate) and clinical function scores (Constant‐Murley Score, University of California, Los Angeles Score), and the extracted data were assessed for quality. Statistical analyses were performed using Review manager 5.3, and p <.05 was considered statistically significant. Synthesis: Ten RCTs with 628 patients were included. The results showed that augmenting surgery with PRP reduces retear rates compared to surgery alone (risk ratio [RR] = 0.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.23–0.69, p =.001), whereas PRF has no effect on retear rates (p =.92). Regarding clinical function, PRP improves Constant‐Murley scores (mean difference [MD] = 2.03, 95% CI 0.13–3.93, p =.04) and University of California, Los Angeles scores (MD = 1.30, 95% CI 0.36–2.24, p =.007), whereas PRF improves only Constant‐Murley scores (MD = 3.93, 95% CI 1.50–6.36, p =.002). However, these differences were small and below the minimum clinically important difference threshold. Conclusions: This study showed that compared to arthroscopic rotator cuff repair alone, the application of PRP in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair reduces retear rate and improves clinical function scores, whereas the application of PRF has no clinically meaningful benefit. The small number and heterogeneity of studies as well as methodological limitations and risk of bias limit confidence in the true effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and corticosteroids are used to treat rotator cuff diseases. However, few reviews have compared the effects of these 2 treatments. In this study, we compared the effects of PRP and corticosteroid injection on the prognosis of rotator cuff diseases. According to the Cochrane Manual of Systematic Review of Interventions, the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched comprehensively. Two independent authors screened suitable studies and performed data extraction and risk of bias assessment. Only randomized controlled trials comparing the effects of PRP and corticosteroid in the treatment of rotator cuff injuries were included, as measured by clinical function and pain during different follow-up periods. Nine studies with 469 patients were included in this review. In short-term treatment, corticosteroids were superior to PRP in the improvement of Constant, Simple Shoulder Test, and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scores (mean difference [MD] -5.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] -10.26, 0.06; P =.05 and MD -0.97, 95% CI -1.68, -0.07; P =.03 and MD -6.67, 95% CI -12.85, -0.49; P =.03, respectively). No statistically significant difference was observed between the 2 groups at midterm (P >.05), and the recovery of the Simple Shoulder Test and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scores in PRP treatment was significantly better than that in corticosteroid treatment in the long term (MD: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.68, 1.74; P <.00001 and MD: 6.96, 95% CI: 3.90, 9.61; P <.00001, respectively). In pain reduction based on visual analog scale score, corticosteroids led to better pain reduction (MD: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.03, 1.64; P =.04), but no significant difference was observed in pain reduction between the 2 groups in the any term (P >.05). However, these differences did not reach the minimum clinically important difference. Current analysis showed that corticosteroids have better efficacy in short term, whereas PRP is more beneficial for long-term recovery. However, no difference was observed in the mid-term efficacy between the 2 groups. Randomized controlled trials with longer follow-up periods and larger sample sizes are also needed to determine the optimal treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Joining Al alloy with CFRTP has received significant attention because of its potential application in automobile, aviation industry. Lots of works have been carried out on CFRTP-metal lap welding. However, there is little work focused on CFRTP-Al alloy laser butt-welding. To improve the strength of the CFRTP-Al alloy butt joint, microtextures were prepared on the Al alloy surface by pulsed lasers and a PA resin layer with a proper thickness was added in the CFRTP-Al alloy interface. Six factors and five levels orthogonal experiments were designed and carried out. The joint strength with different welding parameters was examined and the joint fracture interface was detected. The result showed that with the proper welding parameters the melting PA resin flows into the microtextures of the Al alloy and a mechanical anchoring was produced, and a butt joint with the strength about 12MPa can be obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing evidence has demonstrated that oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), suggesting that pharmacological targeting of the antioxidant machinery may have therapeutic potential. Ampelopsin, a natural flavonoid compound, has been reported to possess various pharmacological functions, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-cancer effects. However, its neuroprotective effect and neurotoxicity-attenuating role as well as underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In the present study, we investigated the potential role of ampelopsin in neuroprotective function and neurotoxicity attenuation, and explored its corresponding mechanisms against 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced neurotoxicity in the cell model of PD. The pretreatment with ampelopsin for 1 h significantly improved cell viability, reduced the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and inhibited the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in 6-OHDA-stimulated PC12 cells. In addition, ampelopsin treatment attenuated 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells by inhibiting the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Moreover, ampelopsin treatment significantly increased the localization of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and subsequent activation of haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1) gene associated with antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway in a dose-dependent manner. Further study demonstrated that ampelopsin treatment suppressed the expression of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β). The present results suggest that the neuroprotective role of ampelopsin is due to the increased expression of Nrf2 through suppressing GSK-3β signalling, thereby correspondingly inhibiting ROS/p-p38/p-JNK MAPK signalling pathway. Therefore, ampelopsin has promising therapeutic potential for PD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a study which examines the effect of Allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1) on the cisplatin resistance of breast cancer cells. It mentions several methods including flow cytometry, western blot analysis and high performance liquid chromatography which are used as research methodologies. The result reveals that AIF-1 inhibits the apoptosis and reduces the intracellular cisplatin accumulation.

The article focuses on the effects of daintain/allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1) on INS-1β cells. It states that decreased cell viability and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and upregulated apoptosis were revealed after cells were incubated with daintain/AIF-1. Moreover, it mentions that daintain/AIF-1 plays a vital role in the dysfunction of pancreatic β cells in type-1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes (TID).