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The development of computer game projects is different from that of traditional software development projects, which often require clear system specifications for to achieve effective team coordination and cooperation. This unique context requires particular attention for effective project management and project success. Nevertheless, computer game development projects involve different expert groups working on different parts of the computer game design who need to have a shared understanding of the game vision/concept. Arriving at a shared understanding of the application domain among these diversified groups within the project team can be difficult and challenging. Coordination and communication within this diverse talent team is critical to conveying the intent and details of a game’s design. In this study, we will explore how coordination practices across different fuzzy OWA expert groups can be enhanced by shared concept formulation during the computer game development process. Based upon an exploratory case study, the result indicates that the shared game vision serves as an important part of the team task mental model, which, in turn, provides the cognitive foundation for the coordination and cooperation needed among team members.

Graphical Abstract

Diffraction gratings with high upward diffraction efficiency and large effective length are required for chip-scale light detection and ranging. We propose a diffraction grating based on a multilayer silicon nitride waveguide, which theoretically achieves an upward diffraction efficiency of 92%, a near-field effective length of 376 µm, and a far-field divergence angle of 0.105° at a wavelength of 850 nm. The diffraction grating has a high tolerance to process variations based on Monte Carlo analysis. When the conditions are ±5% layer thickness variation, ±50nm lithographic variation, and ±20nm wavelength drift, more than 71% of the grating samples have a diffraction efficiency higher than 80%, and 100% of the samples have an effective length larger than 200 µm (corresponding to a far-field divergence <0.2^∘). Furthermore, the near-field effective length of the grating with an upward diffraction efficiency above 90% can be adjusted from hundreds of microns to centimeters by changing the etching layer thickness and the grating duty cycle. This diffraction grating has a potential application in optical sensing and imaging from visible to near-IR wavelengths.

•Over 1200 Neisseria gonorrhoeaeisolates were collected from 2010 to 2017 and tested for their antimicrobial susceptibility.•Shenzhen city has the largest immigrant and youngest population in China, with direct geographic connection with Hong Kong.•Increasing MICs of ceftriaxone over 8 years has threatened gonococcal treatment options in China.•Continued surveillance is essential to monitor the evolution of gonococcal antimicrobial susceptibility.

AbstractRecently, augmented reality (AR) games have gained popularity as consumers’ acceptance for AR games as a new lifestyle is rising. In this study, we use the gray relational analysis method to construct players to evaluate the factors and order of downloading AR games. Finally, Pokémon GO, Pet City, and My Hero GO, three different AR games, were evaluated for player download factors to provide game developers with reference indicators for developing real-life games.

ABSTRACTThe dynamics of the market pose a challenge for the digital game industry. Game development firms must develop innovative games to satisfy game players’ ever-changing needs and sustain a suitable product/market fit. To realize such innovation, developers tend to adopt an ambidextrous approach that includes exploratory and exploitative activities to develop games. In addition, game development teams must rely on feedback from game testers to enhance development and meet game players’ needs. However, the effect of feedback on innovation is subject to debate. Some studies have proposed that feedback has potentially negative effects on creativity. Given the prevalence of ambidextrous innovation and the utilization of feedback from game testers, no study to date has investigated the effects of feedback on game development quality. A survey of 119 paired game producers and developers revealed that “feedback timing” from game testers positively enhances the relationship between ambidextrous innovation and a game’s final development performance, whereas “feedback specificity” impairs the effectiveness of ambidextrous innovation. This paper discusses the implications of this study.

Agriculture has been practiced in conventional ways for centuries and supported with mechanical systems in the last few decades. With the evolution of robotic equipment and sensors, the researchers are focusing on introducing smart farming. In this paper, we propose improved algorithms for infection detection in leaves and field classification targeting a heterogeneous robotic system. Image processing methods have been used on the leaves of the plants to calculate the infection percentage in crops and elementary machine learning algorithm k-means clustering for classifying the field. Classification of the agricultural field has been done for growing different types of crops in a mixed cropping technique which has an advantage over other farming procedures. Early detection of diseases can help in better preventive measures in the early stages. We have used 3,150 images of crop diseases for three different types of crops and by smartly incorporating some previously established techniques. The primary objective of this paper includes the qualitative analysis of infection detection algorithms and further elaboration for the possible application of the suggested work in smart farming.

Objective To investigate the association between polymorphisms of the interleukin 10 (IL10) gene and risk of gastric cancer (GC) and atrophic gastritis (AG).Methods This study enrolled patients with GC, patients with AG and healthy control subjects. Demographic data were collected and the IL10gene –1082A/G, –819C/T and –592A/C polymorphisms were genotyped. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to detect Helicobacter pyloriinfection.Results The study enrolled 556 participants including 208 in the GC group, 116 in the AG group and 232 controls (CON group). In a recessive model of the IL10–819C/T polymorphism, a significantly decreased risk of GC was found compared with AG and non-cancer subjects, respectively (AG→GC: odds ratio OR 0.41; non-cancer→GC: OR 0.57). The CC genotype demonstrated a significantly increased risk of AG compared with CON. Similar significant results were detected in males and H. pylori-negative subgroups. The ACC haplotype was associated with a decreased risk of GC compared with AG. The ATC haplotype was associated with a decreased risk of AG compared with the CON group, but it was associated with an increased risk of GC compared with AG.Conclusion The IL10gene promoter –819C/T (rs1800871) polymorphism was associated with the risk of GC and AG in a Chinese population.

Mobile augmented reality (MAR) is an increasingly popular technology for enhancing how students interact with and learn about the cultural environment and cultural objects in the physical world. In order to ensure successful launch the mobile augment reality of cultural interactive learning tool, it is extremely important to predict the delighted value of design alternatives systematically based on the common language understood by both students and designers. However, the framework for communicating and evaluating such value from interested perspective is not available in the literature. Therefore, the objective of this research is to extract key frameworks of delighted value from interested perspective and develop an effective algorithm to evaluate MAR cultural learning system. These frameworks, name as CARE framework in brief, included communication, association, reflection, and engagement. The perception differences of MAR cultural learning paper prototypes were conducted to verify the validity of CARE framework for comparative studied. The findings of this study demonstrated that CARE framework was effective for solution designing in MAR cultural interactive learning tool.

The method ofinduction cladding was adopted to make nickel-base layer on the surface ofsteel components in this test, and microstructure morphology, rigiditydistribution of the alloy layer made by cladding were analyzed and studied. Theresults shows that there is obvious bright white transition zone between thecladding alloy layer and the body, which forms an excellent metallurgicalbonding, microstructure of the alloy cladding layer is eutectic structure ofaustenite + carbide (austenite dendrite can be seen at individual parts), axialand radial rigidity are evenly distributed; bonding strength of cladding alloylayer is high without air hole and slag inclusion, with high flatness ofcylindrical surface, small machining allowance and low cost, etc.

LNG tank has extremely low operating temperature, hazardous storage medium and large capacity storage space, therefore it is necessary to carry out temperature field analysis for LNG tank under Ultra-low temperature, and the temperature of LNG tank under Ultra-low temperature is simulated based on finite element method. Firstly, the finite element model of temperature field is analyzed. Secondly, the simulation parameters of LNG tank under Ultra-low temperature are given. Finally, the simulation results are carried out, and the temperature field of LNG tank under Ultra-low temperature is obtained.

Three phases of remote sensing image data of Yalu-river estuary wetland taken respectively in 1983、1995 and 2007 were interpreted though ARCGIS software and the change of landscape pattern was analyzed with three categories of indices from the landscape pattern and landscape levels by means of using FRAGSTATS software. Results show that the 1983-2007, the research area of wetland landscape changes drastically, wetland landscape made of natural wetlands to artificial wetland, wetland fragmentation degree deepening, artificial wetland distribution area expanded. During the study period, the influence of human activities on the wetland increase and increase in area of sea aquaculture is the main cause of the yalu estuary wetland area reducing, is also one of the main reasons for the region function of wetland degradation.

Most constraint-handling methods in constrained evolutionary optimization usually take advantage of only the valuable information of feasible solutions, while they don’t exploit adequately the information from infeasible ones. In this paper, a concept of “feasible component” is introduced to recognize the characteristics of diverse information extracted from infeasible solutions. Then a component-based ranking strategy is proposed for evolutionary optimization with sparse constraints by integrating feasible components and the idea of stochastic ranking. Experimental results on several problems with sparse constraints show that the component-based ranking strategy performs better than the stochastic ranking.

21st is the century of life science and biotechnology. Modern bio-technology, as the core of genetic engineering, has been developed rapidly, which is used to solve the problems of resources, environments, agricultural and medical affairs, etc., and has played a very important role in our human ordinary life. However, the conflicts between biological genetic engineering techniques and ethics are inevitable. It is urgency to make out the ethic standard on genetic science. Issues about the social and ethical associated with genetic engineering technology must be understood clearly, and in the practice process of bio-technology, a series of complete legal, ethical, scientific policies, strict requirements and mechanisms should be establish, in order to promote the genetic technology to play positively.

UV-curable cationic hybrid adhesives containing TiO 2 nanostructures were prepared by using 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3’, 4’-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate (CE) as UV-curable cationic monomer, triphenylsulfonium hexafluorophosphate salt (PI-432) as photoinitiator and titanium-tetraisopropoxide (TIP) as inorganic precursor. Morphology of the UV-cured hybrid adhesives was characterised by atom force microscopy (AFM). The effect of TIP content on light transmission and thermal stability of the hybrid adhesives were studied. The results showed that TiO 2 nanostructures, the average diameter of which was 20 nm or so, could be uniformly dispersed in hybrid adhesives in presence of 5 wt% 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTS) coupling agent. The light transmission of hybrid adhesives was above 85% at 400 to 1,100 nm, so it was transparent to visible light. At the same time, the thermal stability of hybrid adhesives was also improved.

Environmental justice requires that the environmental rights and obligations are allocated and undertaken fairly and reasonably in response to the climate change, in order to realize the coexistence and sustainable development of all human beings. This study analyzed the phenomenon of environmental injustice appearing during the construction of REDD+ mechanics and proposed the proper path that leads to REDD+ mechanism improvement which is based on the perspective of environmental justice.

This paper proposes an improved strategy for on-line rolling generation dispatch. Based on the framework of Lagrange dual relaxation, the problem is transformed and decomposed into primal-problem and N subproblems multipliers and system constrains are satisfied iteratively. The sub-problems are solved by an efficient dynamic programming algorithm without changing the condition of convergence of the framework. Numerical results indicate that the proposed method is fast and efficient in dealing with numerous system constrains.

21st century is a century of life science and biotechnology. The modern biotechnology focusing on the genetic engineering has a rapid development, which plays a significant role in the solutions to the various coming problems of resources, environment, agriculture and medicine, etc. However, the conflict between biological engineering and ethical virtue has been an unavoidable problem, so how to strengthen the ethical virtue’s standardizing role to technique is the pressing matter of the moment. We have to have a clear understanding of the ethical virtue problems which are related to biological genetic engineering, and establish a full, scientific, tight policy as well as laws, ethical virtue requirements and mechanism to promote the development of the technology’s active role. In the 21st century, biotechnology has been a key technology that is used to solve the economic and social problems of food, resources, and environment and so on; thus, biotechnology industry has become one of the domestic pillar industries to reflect a country’s comprehensive national power. Different from any one of the previous technology breakthroughs, the objects that modern biotechnology is cognizing and transforming are human closely related biological area ——microorganism, plants, animals and even we human beings. Biotechnology has widely penetrated into kinds of fields such as medicine, biology, industry and agriculture; gene drugs, gene treatment and transgenic animals and plants all has been developing rapidly. Therefore, there is a qualitative leap in man’s cognition of biological phenomena, and human beings has reached a new height and stand on a new starting point to discuss the significance and value of life.

UV-curable cationic hybrid adhesives containing TiO2 nanostructures were prepared by using 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3',4'-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate (CE) as UV-curable cationic monomer, triphenylsulfonium hexafluorophosphate salt (PI-432) as photoinitiator and titanium-tetraisopropoxide (TIP) as inorganic precursor. Morphology of the UV-cured hybrid adhesives was characterized by atom force microscopy (AFM). The effect of TIP content on refractive index was studied. The results showed that TiO2 nanostructures, the average diameter of which was 20 nm or so, could be uniformly dispersed in hybrid adhesives in presence of 5 wt% 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTS) coupling agent. And the refractive index of hybrid adhesives could be controllably adjusted from 1.5019 to 1.5449 with the change of TIP content. At the same time, the bonding strength of hybrid adhesives were also improved.

To prevent water bursting in mining coals and boring tunnels, analysis of water abundance of aquifer has to be done firstly. Based on analysis of main factors that can influence the water abundance of aquifer, five indices were used-aquifer thickness, drilling fluid consumption, structure distribution density, specific capacity and permeability coefficient. And the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process was introduced to determine the weight of each factor. Combining the data management and spatial analysis of GIS, we calculated and estimated the characteristic of water abundance for the study area. Due to the wide variance of water abundance over the whole study area, we set five rates to show the different results. So the study area was divided into five parts whose water capacity from high to low. The division was consistent with the hydro-geological conditions. So our method could be an alternative.

After gathering Core YLJ-40, we studied the 210Pb radioactivity of sediments and evolution characteristics of As, Hg, Cr, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu in the heavy metals. The results shows that the heavy metals pollution in Yalu River estuary except Cu takes on ascend trend year after year; heavy metals distribution presents segmentation characteristics and most of heavy metals came from the pollutants of industry and agriculture, while Cu originates from the mining pollution. The evaluating results based on the different evaluation background value are not exactly the same. But it has been an indisputable fact that the heavy metals pollution is becoming more serious in Yalu River estuary.

Mullite- corundum insulation material with nano crystals in matrix was fabricated by gel-casting process. The results showed that the volatilization temperature of organisms is 285°C- 600°C, there is no glass phase appeared in specimens; The mullitization begin at 1000°C, along with the raise of temperature, the quantity of mullite phase increases, especially during 1200°C- 1400°C; when the temperature is up to 1550°C, mullite becomes the main crystal phase and there are also some corundum crystals in the specimens; The specimen matrix sintered at 1550°C is consisted of nano crystals 80nm in length and 10-20nm in diameter.

This project studied on technique of induction cladding alloy layer in steel tube outer wall and property of alloy layer, briefly introduced the principle of technique, technique assemble and outstanding character, and analyzed the microstructure of prepared cladding layer. Result showed that there existed a clear bright transition band between cladding layer and body, and the metallurgical bonding performed very well. The alloy cladding layer microstructure present as form of eutectic between austenite + carbide (some austenite dendritic crystal can be seen in some zone), this technique is applied for steel tube outer wall strengthening. Compared to the current technique, it could protect environment and had advantage of high combining strengthen, speed and low cost and with no interstice and slag inclusion.

Using Al, MgO and Al2O3 as raw materials, Al2O3-MgAlON composite was synthesized in N2 atmosphere by hot-press sintering at 900ºC. Cracks prepared on the sample surface were healed at 1200ºC×6hrs. Phase composition and element chemical state of sample were studied before and after healing. The results showed that: after healing process Al and MgO phase disappeare, and AlN and MgAlON phase appear, all kinds of elements in Al2O3-MgAlON material change their chemical state after the healing treatment, the changed electronic binding energy is Al 0.05ev, Mg 0.08ev, O 2.58ev or N 1.02ev respectively, and the chemical composition and crystal structure of MgAlON phase also change, all these change are helpful for crack healing process of Al2O3-MgAlON material.

Cordierite material was prepared by talc, bauxite and kaolin, and the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of cordierite crystals could be determined by high temperature X-ray diffractmeter: the volume and average liner CTE is 2.31×10-5˚C-1 and 0.84×10-5˚C-1 (200˚C -800˚C) respectively; With the temperature increasing, the CTE in a or b axis direction increases, and in c axis direction decreases rapidly below 400˚C then slowly, cordierite crystal is of obvious thermal expansion anisotropy. The orientation of crystal in sample is random, expansion and shrinkage partly counteract, so that the CTE of cordierite materials is low.

In the recent years, traditional time series model has been widely researched. The previous time series methods can predict future problems based on historical data, but have a problem that determines subjectively the length of intervals. Song and Chissom[6-7]proposed the fuzzy time series to solve the problem of traditional time series methods. So far, many researchers have proposed different fuzzy time series models to deal with uncertain and vague data. Besides, the consideration of a forecasting stage only discusses the relations for previous period and next period. In addition, a shortcoming of previous time series models didn’t consider appropriately the weights of fuzzy relations. This study builds fuzzy rule based on association rules and compute the cardinality of each fuzzy relation. Then, calculating the weights of fuzzy relations solve above problems. Moreover, the proposed method is able to build the multiple periods fuzzy rules based on concept of large itemsets of Apriori. To verify the proposed model, the gold price datasets is employed as experimental datasets. This study compares the forecasting accuracy of proposed model with other methods, and the comparison results show that the proposed method has better performance than other methods.

Fuzzy time series have in recent years drawn many scholars' attention due to their ability can handle the time series data with incomplete, imprecise and ambiguous pattern. However, most traditional time series models employed only single variable (stock index) in forecasting, yet ignored some factors that would also affect the stock volatility. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel forecasting model using multi-factor fuzzy time series model to forecast TAIEX (Taiwan Stock Exchange Capitalization Weighted Stock index). Multi-factor fuzzy time series model is composed of three main components: stock index, trading volume and interactions between two stock markets. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed model, the transaction records of TAIEX (Taiwan Stock Exchange Capitalization Weighted Stock index) and NASDAQ(National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations) from 2000/01/04 to 2003/12/31 are used as experimental dataset and the root mean square error (RMSE) as evaluation criterion. The results show that the proposed model outperforms the listing models in accuracy for forecasting Taiwan stock market.

Silk is Chinese cultural legacy, and whether in ancient times or now, a very important role was played on the clothing stage. Through the history, silk reeling technology, fabric texture, printing and dyeing patterns and clothing styles of silk clothing may have been improved, but many implications have not been changed. Implication is a person's heart for an object out of the product taste. Times changes, implication remains. In the modern era consumer psychology were focused on, consumers’ implications for silk clothing were dived, so resonance is greatly caused by consumers. First the traditional and modern implications of silk were analyzed, and the key words were got. These terms have been used to describe the different means of silk clothing. Second 5 sample silk garment was researched by the way of interpreting drawings. Semantic differential method was used to score. Last two kinds of properties of silk garments’ implications were obtained through factor analysis. The original implications can be included by these two properties, and the representation has been clearly shown. In the future silk clothing design methods and research directions, these two properties can be used as the basis, the consumer market segments positioning and style design has been carried out. Reference was supplied for silk clothing design methods and research.

Silk was the most ancient export commodity, and it’s the evidence and pride of Chinese civilization. Silk is of noble temperament and deep culture; it is loved by old and young man at home and abroad. The high price of silk depends on its technic, therefore, in the development of silk garment, it is essential to consider high grade sense of silk garment. Silk has a certain high grade sense on texture and sheen, but it still needs to be combined with apparel color and pattern, which can make silk garment possess high grade sense. The paper aims at apparel color and pattern, extracts the key factors of high grade sense through the investigation of the comprehension and cognition of people. The paper is on the basis of the theory of Kansei Engineering. It extracts emotional evaluation factors of garment high grade sense by the way of interview and questionnaire survey, and then the author analyses the survey data by the statistic software of SPSS17.0. Finally the author concludes the different kinds of high grade sense which are understood by people. As a result, they can lead the development of silk garment.