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JieZe-1 (JZ-1), a Chinese herbal prescription, has an obvious effect on genital herpes, which is mainly caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). Our study aimed to address whether HSV-2 induces pyroptosis of VK2/E6E7 cells and to investigate the anti-HSV-2 activity of JZ-1 and the effect of JZ-1 on caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis.

Eggshell translucency is a widespread issue in the field of egg quality. Previous research has established that the heritability of eggshell translucency is relatively low or moderate. Scientists have also successfully identified SNP loci related to eggshell translucency on different chromosomes by using gene chips and single-variant GWAS. However, the specific impact of single or multiple genes on the trait of eggshell translucency remains unknown. In an effort to investigate this, we examined 170 SNPs associated with eggshell translucency obtained by our research group. We selected 966 half-sibling laying hens from 2 generations in 3 pure lines: Dwarf Layer-White, Rhode Island Red-White Strain, and Rhode Island Red. Eggs were collected from each hen over a period of 5 consecutive days, and eggshell translucency was measured using a grading method in which the hens were divided into 2 groups: an opaque group and a translucent group. We collected blood samples from the laying hens and extracted DNA. Time of flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS) was used for genotyping to identify SNP loci that influence the trait of eggshell translucency. The results of our analysis revealed that using TOF-MS in 3 chicken strains, we were able to eliminate loci with low gene polymorphism, genetic effect contribution less than 1%, and deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Ultimately, 5 SNPs (Affx-50362599, rs15050262, rs312943734, rs316121113, and rs317389181) were identified on chromosomes 1, 5, and 19. Additionally, nine candidate genes (DCN, BTG1, ZFP92, POU2F1, NUCB2, FTL, GGNBP2, ACACA, and TADA2A) were found to be associated with these SNPs. No linkage disequilibrium relationship was observed between the 2 pairs of SNP loci on chromosomes 1 and 19. Based on previous studies on the formation mechanism of eggshell translucency, we hypothesize that NUCB2, FTL, and ACACA genes may be affecting the eggshell structure through different mechanisms, such as increase the water permeability or make thin of eggshell membrane, which promote moisture or part of other egg contents and ultimately lead to the formation of eggshell translucency. These findings validate and identify five SNP loci that regulate the translucency trait, and provide molecular markers for breeding non-translucent populations. Furthermore, this study serves as a reference for further investigation of the genetic regulatory mechanisms underlying eggshell translucency.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the uncertainty of 2παand 2πβsurface emission rates using the windowless multiwire proportional counter method. This study used the Monte Carlo method (MCM) to validate the conventional Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) method. A dead time measurement model for the two-source method was established based on the characteristics of a single-channel measurement system, and the voltage threshold correction factor measurement function was indirectly obtained by fitting the threshold correction curve. The uncertainty in the surface emission rate was calculated using the GUM method and the law of propagation of uncertainty. The MCM provided clear definitions for each input quantity and its uncertainty distribution, and the simulation training was realized with a complete and complex mathematical model. The results of the surface emission rate uncertainty evaluation for four radioactive plane sources using both methods showed the uncertainty’s consistency En<0.070for the comparison of each source, and the uncertainty results of the GUM were all lower than those of the MCM. However, the MCM has a more objective evaluation process and can serve as a validation tool for GUM results.

The Grubbs G-I or G-II catalyst gives the ruthenium ethoxy carbene complex, which catalyzes ring-opening cross metathesis (ROCM) of a strained cyclic alkene to give a diene where one of the two alkene moieties in the product contains an ethoxy substituent. No polymeric products are detected. Hydrocarbons such as parent norbornene or substituted cyclopropenes can proceed with the reaction smoothly. Tertiary amines, N-alkylimides, esters, and aryl or alkyl bromides remain intact under the reaction conditions. In addition to vinyl ethers, vinylic esters can also be used. The time required to reach a 50% yield of the ROCM product t50varies from 0.01 to 140 h depending on the strain and nucleophilicity of the double bond. Anchimeric participation of an electron-rich group would result in significant enhancement of the reactivity, and the t50could be as short as several minutes. A similar substrate without such a neighboring group shows a much slower rate. An exo-norborne derivative reacts much faster than the corresponding endo-isomer. Alkenes with poor nucleophilicity are less favored for the ROCM process, so is less strained cyclooctene.

Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of serious infection in infants. Understanding its regional molecular epidemiology is helpful for regulating efficient prevention practice.

Insole gait analysis has become a research focus in recent years, owing to its potential in sports training improvement, and real-time and long-term health status monitoring. Among diverse insole gait analysis technologies, piezoelectric-based techniques receive growing attention, due to its nature in converting force to electric signals, potentially ensuring long-battery lifetime compared to its counterparts. However, current literature mainly reports on the detection of 6–8 main plantar positions for motion interpretation, lacking in providing enough information for illness diagnosis, e.g., hip disease. In this article, smart integration of piezoelectric films with different polarization orientations and 32 electrodes is presented, for supporting both normal and shear stress detection with high three-dimensional resolution. High sensitivities at 56 and 173 mN are demonstrated experimentally for normal and shear stress sensing. With our comprehensive algorithms, accurate and real-time gait monitoring for the majority parts of the plantar area is obtained. This paper can support diverse utilization purposes, advancing the area of insole gait analysis.

Biodegradable suture anchors are commonly used for repairing torn rotator cuffs, but these biodegradable materials still suffer from low mechanical strength, poor osteointegration, and the generation of acidic degradation byproducts.

Porous materials have attracted great interest in recent years, and a variety of surface modification methods have been developed to endow porous materials with multifunctional applications. Herein, multifunctional porous materials are fabricated based on surface metallization. Metallized sponges with Ag and Cu are highly hydrophobic and are still hydrophobic under oil. The metallized sponges selectively adsorb oils from oil/water mixtures and can completely remove oils from water. We further demonstrate continuous oil–water separation by the metallized sponges with the aid of a peristaltic pump. The Ag-metallized materials show high catalytic performance for both chemical reduction and dye degradation. The catalytic reduction efficiency of 4-nitrophenol reaches 97.7% within 60 min and remains as high as 96% after 15 cycles. Moreover, the metallized materials show 99.99% bactericidal efficiency for both Staphylococcus aureusand Escherichia coli. Particularly, the Cu-metallized materials exhibit stable conductivity under deformation; and metal patterns are realized via the metallization method combined with a patterned mask, which may provide a feasible approach for flexible electronics. This work provides a versatile method to introduce metal coatings to porous materials, broadening the applications of porous materials.

To enhance the accuracy of 2παand 2πβparticle surface emission rate measurements and address the identification issues of nuclides in conventional methods, this study introduces two artificial neural network (ANN) algorithms: back-propagation (BP) and genetic algorithm-based back-propagation (GA-BP). These algorithms classify pulse signals from distinct αand βparticles. Their discrimination efficacy is assessed by simulating standard pulse signals and those produced by contaminated sources, mixing αand βparticles within the detector. This study initially showcases energy spectrum measurement outcomes, subsequently tests the ANNs on the measurement and validation datasets, and contrasts the pulse shape discrimination efficacy of both algorithms. Experimental findings reveal that the proportional counter’s energy resolution is not ideal, thus rendering energy analysis insufficient for distinguishing between 2παand 2πβparticles. The BP neural network realizes approximately 99% accuracy for 2παparticles and approximately 95% for 2πβparticles, thus surpassing the GA-BP’s performance. Additionally, the results suggest enhancing βparticle discrimination accuracy by increasing the digital acquisition card’s threshold lower limit. This study offers an advanced solution for the 2παand 2πβsurface emission rate measurement method, presenting superior adaptability and scalability over conventional techniques.

This study aims to explore the effect and mechanism of Jiao-tai-wan (JTW) on systemic and tissue-specific inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity-resistant (OR) rats with chronic partial sleep deprivation (PSD). OR rats with PSD were orally given JTW and Estazolam for 4 weeks. The amount of food intake and metabolic parameters such as body weight increase rate, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin (FINS), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and plasma inflammatory markers were measured. The expression levels of circadian proteins cryptochrome 1 (Cryl) and cryptochrome 2 (Cry2) in hypothalamus, adipose and liver tissues were also determined. Meanwhile, the mRNA expression of inflammatory markers, activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 protein, as well as the expression levels of insulin signaling pathway proteins in hypothalamus, adipose and liver tissues were measured. Additionally, cyclic adenosine 3′, 5′-monophosphate (cAMP) and activity of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) in hypothalamus tissue were measured. JTW significantly decreased the body weight increase rate and food intake, ameliorated systemic inflammation and insulin resistance. JTW effectively ameliorated inflammation and increased PI3K/AKT signaling activation in hypothalamus, adipose and liver. Interestingly, all these changes were associated with the up-regulation of circadian gene Cryl and Cry2 protein expression. We also found that in hypothalamus tissue of PSD rats, down-regulation of Cryl and Cry2 activated cAMP/PKA signaling and then led to inflammation, while JTW inhibited this signaling. These results suggested that JTW has the beneficial effect on ameliorating inflammation and insulin resistance in partially sleep-deprived rats by up-regulating Cry expression.

Lots of work has been done to investigate slab surface microstructure evolution during continuous casting in order to improve hot ductility and avoid transverse cracks. The slab surface microstructure after continuous casting was characterized by optical microscopy, and the precipitation behavior was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. At the same time, the mechanical properties of the slabs were measured using a Gleeble 1500D thermal simulator and the transformation temperatures were examined by means of a thermal dilatometer. The experimental results show that homogeneous microstructure without film-like ferrites and chain-like precipitates at grain boundary can be obtained through surface intensive cooling and transverse cracks do not occur on the slab surface. For the experimental steel, fine ferrite can form at slab surface when the water flow rate is larger than 1560 L/min at vertical section. As the distance to surface increases, microstructure turned to ferrite and pearlite. Moreover, nano-size carbonitrides precipitated in the ferrite grain and the size was larger at the junction of the dislocations. The mechanical experiment results show that the hot ductility of the sample deformed at 650 °C was better than that of the sample deformed at 750 °C. The reason is that filmlike ferrite formed at the grain boundary in the sample deformed at 750 °C. Thus, the slab must be cooled quickly below Ar3to prevent the occurrence of film-like ferrite and transverse cracks on the slab surface during casting.

Lots of work has been done to investigate slab surface microstructure evolution during continuous casting in order to improve hot ductility and avoid transverse cracks. The slab surface microstructure after continuous casting was characterized by optical microscopy, and the precipitation behavior was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. At the same time, the mechanical properties of the slabs were measured using a Gleeble 1500D thermal simulator and the transformation temperatures were examined by means of a thermal dilatometer. The experimental results show that homogeneous microstructure without film-like ferrites and chain-like precipitates at grain boundary can be obtained through surface intensive cooling and transverse cracks do not occur on the slab surface. For the experimental steel, fine ferrite can form at slab surface when the water flow rate is larger than 1560 L/min at vertical section. As the distance to surface increases, microstructure turned to ferrite and pearlite. Moreover, nano-size carbonitrides precipitated in the ferrite grain and the size was larger at the junction of the dislocations. The mechanical experiment results show that the hot ductility of the sample deformed at 650 °C was better than that of the sample deformed at 750 °C. The reason is that film-like ferrite formed at the grain boundary in the sample deformed at 750 °C. Thus, the slab must be cooled quickly below Ar3to prevent the occurrence of film-like ferrite and transverse cracks on the slab surface during casting.

Background Adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) nephrotoxicity is well known at a dose of 60 mg day-1or 120 mg day-1. However, renal toxicity at a low-dose of 10 mg ADV for HBV-infected patients is not fully described. Our objective was to analyse the clinical features and outcomes of ADV-related Fanconi's syndrome in the Chinese population.Methods This was a retrospective study. A total of 35 patients with ADV-related Fanconi's syndrome were studied. Clinical manifestations and biochemical parameters were analysed. 19 patients were from Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) included from August 2010 to December 2012. A total of 16 patients were eligible from case reports in the Chinese population retrieved in PUBMED, WANFANG and CNKI database. Bone mineral density and biochemical parameters including serum phosphate, calcium, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured before and after ADV cessation and during the follow-up.Results All recruited patients had hypophosphataemia, increased urinary phosphate excretion and elevated alkaline phosphatase. Serum phosphate levels rapidly increased especially within the 4 weeks after ADV cessation. Serum creatinine remained high or at the upper limit of normal range even after ADV cessation for 1 year. ALP increased in the first three months of ADV cessation and decreased at the 24th week. Bone mineral density was significantly improved after 6 months cessation of ADV.Conclusions ADV can be nephrotoxic at prolonged low doses of 10 mg. For those who take ADV long term, regular monitoring of serum phosphate, creatinine levels and urine routine tests are required.

As the size of MOS device scaled down to sub 100nm, the direct tunneling current of gate oxide increases more and more. Using silicon nitride as gate dielectric can solve this problem effectively in some time due to the dielectric constant of silicon nitride is larger than silica’s.This paper derived the dielectric constant of silicon nitride stack gate dielectric,and simulated the direct tunneling current of strained MOS device with silica and silicon nitride gate dielectric through device simulation software ISE TCAD10.0,studied the direct tunneling current of strained MOS device with silicon nitride stack gate dielectric change with the variation of some parameters and the application limit of silicon nitride material.

The standard Early voltage of the SPICE Gummel-Poon model (SGP) is generalized for SiGe npn heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs). An accurate model for Early effects compatible with the SGP model is obtained considering graded germanium induced bandgap narrowing effect in the base in modern SiGe HBTs and simplified to a compact model which is consistent with ISE TCAD simulation results. The presentation of the Early effect model is significant for the design and simulation of the high performance SiGe BiCMOS technology.

The essay analysizes existing typical problems in current teaching of Molding Design, and raises a set of teaching innovation to meet practical needs. In the change, the author strengthens the process and guidance for molding, which obviously triggers students’ interests in study. By the innovation, we get satisfactory results.

Since the energy supply of a sensor node is limited, energy optimization should be considered as the key objective when studying the overall network design problem in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, we proposed a distributed energy-efficient clustering algorithm in WSNs based on multi-hop theory. We compare the proposed algorithm with different clustering methods used in the WSNs. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has the better performances of energy-efficiency, higher throughput and low delay.

Grid computing is a new type of network computing platform emerged after the World Wide Web, which objective is to provide a kind of infrastructure that shares all kinds of information for user． This paper brings forward a Grid-P2P model based on Peer-to-Peer computing, and designs a peer-to-peer genetic scheduling algorithm. The simulation results show that this model increased validity and accuracy of grid computing. It can be applied to the optimization of task scheduling successfully.

Current technology for frequent itemset mining mostly applies to the data stored in a single transaction database. This paper presents a novel algorithm MultiClose for frequent itemset mining in data warehouses. Multi Close respectively computes the results in single dimension tables and merges the results with a very efficient approach. Close itemsets technique is used to improve the performance of the algorithm. The authors propose an efficient implementation for star schemas in which their algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art single-table algorithms.

Objective: To study the mechanism of anti-endotoxemic effect of Reduqing Injection (RDQ) and to explore the essence of traditional Chinese “heat-clearing and detoxifying therapy”.Methods: A disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) model was made in rabbits by intravenous injection with E. coli endotoxin. Increased plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and platelet activating factor (PAF), as well as the ex-vivo LPS-induced interleukin-1 (IL-1) production in peripheral blood monocytes were observed in model (M) group.Results: Same parameters were significantly lower in RDQ and dexamethasone (DXM) groups than those in the M group (P<0.01,P<0.05). Histopathological examination showed severe damage of the liver, lungs and kidneys in the rabbits of M group, in contrast, only mild affects were seen in the RDQ and DXM groups.Conclusions: RDQ exhibits protective effect on rabbits against endotoxin-induced DIC. The suppression of cytokines and inflammatory mediator PAF by RDQ may play a central role in the inhibition of endotoxin-induced DIC cascade.