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Objective: Assess the association between serum sex hormone level and prostate volume in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Material and methods: The study involved 239 BPH patients from January 2013 to June 2015 in our hospital. Each patient collected age, medical history, height, weight, body mass index, as well as a full examination of sex hormones, and transrectal ultrasound results.Results: Estradiol (E2) was significantly associated with prostate volume (r = 0.151, p = .02) and transitional zone volume (r = 0.136, p = .035). The association was more significant after adjusting age and BMI (r = 0.253 and 0.250, p <.001). Patients were divided into two groups according to prostate volume and E2, respectively. E2 in patients with prostate volume ≤50 ml was significantly lower than those with prostate volume >50 ml. Prostate volume, transitional zone volume and age were all significantly higher in the patients with E2 ≥ 160 umol/l than those in the patients with E2 < 160 umol/l. Through logistics regression, E2 (p = .012, OR = 1.004) are the only independent risk factor for prostate volume.Conclusions: E2 is significantly associated with prostate volume. High concentrations of E2 may be a risk factor for the large volume of prostate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dear Editor, With the great interest in the recent-online article entitled "High serum concentration of estradiol may be a risk factor of prostate enlargement in aging male in China", we found some significant question that need to discuss [[1]]. The authors in the paper found that serum estradiol (E2) levels in the patients with larger prostate volume was also significantly high than these with smaller prostate volume [[1]]. [Extracted from the article]