Search

There are innumerable methods for solving continuous beams, including the slope and deflection method, the moment distribution method, the flexibility matrix method, and the stiffness matrix method. Each method has its own identity. The final results of all four methods are shear force, bending moment, slope, and deflection. Even if all approaches yield the same result. The issue now is the time duration of those methods. One assessment should take approximately over thirty minutes to complete. Another issue is that the entire analysis will be repeated even if only one parameter is changed. Computer-based analysis is the best solution to all of these problems. Python is a computer programming language that has recently gained popularity due to its syntax simplicity. The code can be executed as soon as it is written in this case. A four-span continuous beam will be analyzed using Python in this paper, and the results will be compared to the conventional stiffness method. Initially, inputs are sent to Python using finite element procedures. The analysis is performed with Numpy, and the results are printed. Numpy is a Python library that is capable of performing all mathematical analysis, particularly on arrays and matrices. The analysis in this paper is carried out using Google colab as a plot form and Numpy as a tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pandemic Covid-19 accelerated the evolution of education 4.0. The online teaching and learning activities are promoted by movement control which had been enforced globally. Teaching and learning in engineering, which very much relied on practical and face-to-face by nature, are challenged by rapid process of adoption and adaptation by both learners and teachers. In this paper, such process is reported on one of the most challenging subjects in engineering education – advanced calculus. The design and strategy of teaching, the teaching process, the tools, the assessment, and students' feedback are discussed. Majority of the students were able to accept the new norm of teaching and learning, with a few still opt to resume to face-to-face learning. As for teacher, multiple platforms and delivery methods, including interactive methods are suggested to retain the attention and maintain the performance of the students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper recommend a new topology of 27 level Multi Level Inverter (MLI) and two different switching pattern scheme such as Multi Carrier Phase Disposition Pulse Width Modulation Technique (PD-PWM) and Half Height method (HH). The control signal is processed through fuzzy logic for performing closed loop speed control in the proposed inverter. The proposed inverter has been analyzed by developing a mathematical model through Fourier series and also the performance of the MLI such as RMS voltage and THD equations which have been derived for the theoretical validation with existing inverter. The features of the multilevel inverters (MLIs) are to produce a good quality of AC supply with low Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). The main feature of the proposed inverter is to reduce number of switching devices and reduction in gate driver circuits. In this study, the MATLAB software is utilized for the verification and validation of practical feasibility in the proposed inverter. The proposed MLI has been implemented in laboratory prototype model for practical feasibility and performance parameters have been analyzed and verified through simulation as well as prototype model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advancements in the field of physics gave birth to remote sensing for analyzing climate problems effectively and smoothly in form of providing vulnerable and significant data. Mathematics and statistics play a pivot role in the succeeding domains to cater to data analysis in a structured and lucid manner. This paper incubates a climate-related study with the help of enrichments in mathematics and physics. The paper states clearly all about the temperature profile of an Indian city, Ajmer. The incorporation of data from 2011 to 2020 depicts a good picture of land skin temperature as a result. Duo-Satellite imageries of ten years had been examined carefully and software-derived data was acted upon by mathematical analysis to find a pattern meticulously. Significant findings were that the summer season was found out the hottest among all the seasons during both day and night time. The winter season had the least anomalies and the monsoon had the most. The paper and its findings were showed alarming information about the gradual rise in temperature which will create a difficult situation in near future for human beings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The task of developing effective granular aggregates, as well as the creation of a mathematical model and management of this process, is the most promising and relevant. The paper deals with the construction of mathematical models based on the results of experimental studies of granular aggregates (GA). We present the processing of the results of experimental studies on the production of granular aggregates using the classical method with the use of the high-level general-purpose Python programming language. The processing of research results is fully object-oriented. This approach to the generation of the obtained results allowed us to automate the processing of the array of data for the planning of the experiment. The results of mathematical modeling and nomograms reflecting the variability of the developed compositions, which allowed to obtain samples with the required technological, physical-mechanical and operational characteristics are presented. The paper calculates the values of reproducibility dispersions: for sand fraction ≤0.16 mm - 0.889; for sand fraction ≤0.315 mm - 0.967; for sand fraction ≤0.63 mm - 0.981. The analysis of nomograms has shown that the greatest strength values have the compositions with the sand fraction of 0.16 mm and the minimum content of sand (as an aggregate). For mixtures with sand fractions ≤0.315 mm it is established that the strongest will be the mixture with the minimum content of aggregate. It is revealed that when using sand fraction ≤0.63 mm the strength is reduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through means of this specific paper, we have likely embraced an investigation towards leading an examination in regards to "flow and heat transfer qualities in a second grade liquid through a permeable medium over a straight extending surface with two general cases, in particular PST and PHF, including the impact of viscous dissipation". Subsequently, fractional differential conditions administering the idea of "flow and heat movement are changed over into non-linear customary differential conditions and limit conditions by utilizing suit-capable similitude change", was regularly being thought of. Accordingly, the proposed issue identifying with our paper, was fundamentally being addressed systematically, by methods for power arrangement strategy, wherein subsequently graphical outcomes for "speed, skin-grinding coefficient, and temperature for PST and PHF cases are also introduced and talked about, close by thought of mathematical qualities identifying with divider grating coefficient, divider temperature slope θη (0), and divider temperature θ (0)" were in like manner being determined, organized, & examined subsequently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Computational modelling technique represents the only method, how to assess a functionality of a designed nuclear wastes repository in a long term period that accounts for hundreds of year. Such a technique is based on exploitation of results of short-term experiments that work as input data. Since the modelling outputs are strongly dependent on input data, the material parameters in particular, the precision of these measurement together with a consistency and stability of the mathematical model used play an important role in the reliability of results produced. This paper therefore aims at sensitivity analysis of a selected diffusion mathematical model on the second Fick's law basis, that is used for a description of radionuclides transport (90Sr) in an existing radioactive waste repository concept when a hypothetical accident is assumed. Within the sensitivity analysis, the parameters of particular materials involved in the repository concept are varied by 10% which corresponds to common measurement uncertainties. The results provided by the model showed very low deviations as the envelope curves differed by up to 10.5%. Such a difference can be considered as a sign of very good model consistency, especially in the light of the logarithmic axis used for the radionuclide concentration plotting and very rough time axis that covers a period of 2000 years. Such factors, in general, do not require an increased precision and mathematical model analyzed was proved to be precise enough to be applied in further research in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents an approach for developing a web-based system for modelling and studying the leasing operations' parameters to assist managers in decision making and training. The report proposes a program model of the methods and means for the economic evaluation of the leasing project. But the main aim of the proposed web-based system is to facilitate engineering students who study software systems for business modeling and financial technologies. On the one hand, the application illustrates theory and combines it with practice, and on the other hand, represents accurate mathematical calculations and analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An application of small aerial vehicles is described in this paper which presents an optimization of the camber position ever-changing using models and numerical analysis. During this study, the mechanics performance of a wing must be investigated over a profile of camber of 20 percent length of the chord from edge. The model was initially modelled using a software package and by adjusting the morphing wing system's modularity and reconfigurability. The angle of attack is also explored following a comparative analysis of the mechanics parameters. A considerable effect of morphing flap camber profiles on mechanics performance is observed in the results. As a supplementary validation, we provide an analysis of wind characteristics through ANSYS; we obtain the pressure coefficients, lift (CL), drag (CD), and lift-to-drag ratio (CL/ CD). The correlation between the CL, (CL/CD) and drag cut back simulations for several preferred shapes is analyzed when getting the results. For that reason forward in optimizing the cambered profile when morphing edges because the mathematical analysis associated with it has been shown improvements in CL from 15% to 30% when morphing edges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper shows the exhibiting and examination of Perturb and Observe (P and O) algorithm for isolating the power structure photovoltaic group (PVA). In perspective on non-linear characteristics of PV cell, the best power can be removed under one explicit voltage conditions. In this way, maximum power point (MPPT) computations are used in PVA to extend the yield control. In this paper the MPPT computations is executed using DC-DC booster converter for high voltage gain application. The component of PVA is reproduced at different sun situated irradiance's and cell temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It takes millions of years for a star to get formed. The evolutionary process of star formation undergoes various stages. Theoretical and astronomical calculations confirm the series of events from nebula to a white dwarf, neutron star, or black due to conversion of mass into energy. This paper deals with the stability analysis of a mathematical model which governs star formation during the ever-changing process of evolution. Variation matrix or Jacobian Matrix is developed out of the differential equation which arises from three components of the galactic region that is atomic, molecular, and stellar components. The mathematical model is the best way to explore and explain the system of three components in the galactic region. In fact, Mathematical Modelling-is the main, if not the only way one, way for theoretical research of astrophysical processes and objects. Various examples have been taken for comparative studies and computational purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the advancement in the convenience and ease of use of large volumes of information acquired via sensors and the cyberspace, computer applications have seen a remarkable change from minimal data handling to the use of machine learning in past few years. Machine learning is a concept that proves and propagates the fact that a computer can improve over time. Researchers have showed a strong interest in recognition of different patterns, machine learning followed by computer vision, by testing on actual-world application. This paper on supervised learning in computer vision applications explores and investigates computer vision based on machine learning functions, as well as forecasting future trends. The study discovered that supervised learning classifiers ML exist in computer vision. K-means clustering neural networks and SVMs some of the most often utilised techniques. Subsequently, Object detection, classification, and extraction of helpful information that can be obtained from photos, graphic documents, and video. These are some of the most current uses of machine learning in computer vision. In addition, RCNN-Inception-V2 model and Tensor flow have been utilised to recognise different objects and people in photos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hypothesis method, based on the adoption of certain assumptions that allow reducing the three-dimensional problem of the theory of elasticity to two-dimensional problem was first obtained at the end of the nineteenth century. Everyone knows the theory based on Kirchhoff's hypotheses, which until now has not lost its significance. In a number of works, an attempt has been made to refine the theory of plates by adopting less rigid hypotheses than those of Kirchhoff. In this way, the still popular theories of plate bending of the Timoshenko S.P. and E. Reissner e were obtained taking into account the transverse shear. These theories of plate bending are now widely used as refined theories for plate bending and for calculating thick plates. In the paper by the mathematical method, without using any assumptions, the three-dimensional equations of the theory of elasticity have been reduced to refined equations for the bending of plates. The obtained mathematical theory of plates is compared with popular theories of the Timoshenko type. It is shown that in order to refine the theory of plate bending, in addition to transverse shear, a number of additional terms should be taken into account, which are absent in theories of the Reissner E. and Timoshenko S.P. type obtained by the method of hypotheses. Mathematical analysis of three-dimensional elasticity equations confirms that the error of theories such as the theory of E. Reissner and S.P. Timoshenko is of the same order as the error of the classical theory of plate bending. This means that the popular theories discussed are not refined and they cannot be used to calculate thick plates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper considers second-order nonlinear differential equation describing deformations of a cantilever structure under various loads. The corresponding mathematical model is studied using the analytical approximate method, as well as the calculation method implemented in the Mathematica system. Theoretical material is accompanied by numerical experiments. Cases of steel and wood structures are considered. Comparative analysis of the results of calculations carried out in software systems SCAD ++ and LIRA 10 along with the results of analytical approximate method and calculations by using Mathematica system is conducted, and the outcomes are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Steel trihedral trusses are used as flat roofs of public and industrial buildings and structures. A modular system can be used to transport the structures of trihedral trusses. The paper presents the results of numerical studies of modular trihedral trusses for flat roofs of buildings with transversal partitioning into dispatch modules. Application of modular system for trihedral trusses is aimed at mass production with widespread delivery by various cargo transport. Numerical studies based on the computational mathematical model of a space-core truss allows to estimate deformability of a trihedral truss with pliable mounting junctions of adjacent modules for various forms of loading. We describe peculiarities of constructing variative computational models which take into account the peculiarities of structures with noncentered connection junctions of struts from single corners to the chords of a composite profile made of channel's and corner's rolled elements. The most stressed elements of the spatial and strut system of trihedral trusses with butt joint adjacency of struts to chords are determined. Results are presented in a table for comparative analysis of deformability for various calculation models. According to the comparative analysis of deformability of mathematical calculation models for trihedral roof trusses, the use of pliable mounting junctions of module coupling has been substantiated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main goal is to study nonlinear operators and find majorization for operators. Especially, Volterra operators are very important for us. This article has given a three-dimensional matrix and some properties nonlinear operators. Nonlinear operators from matrices are used, and trajectories are founded. The theory of boundary properties made considerable advances in the 20th century, owing to the work of several scientists; it resumed its rapid advance in the second half of that century, accompanied by the appearance of new ideas and methods, novel directions, and objects of study. This class also studied Lyubich. He found some results, but bistochastic operators have not opened yet. This all works related to quadratic stochastic operators. Three-dimensional matrices Pijk for us to study theories and research of some problems are very important. We use them to study quadratic stochastic operators and relate them to majorization. The main connection between them is as follows: V (x) ≺ x where V(x) operator called Volterra operator. The operator is written as follows: (V x) = ∑ i = 1 m P i j , k x i x j This article gave some properties for majorization and showed some connection with nonlinear operators. The article also gave some examples for nonlinear operators. The main goal is to find an operator and a corresponding matrix that satisfies the definition of majorization. This paper used the theory of majorization and some classes. This article's main result is, constructs nonlinear operators. It is also shown that the operators are bistochastic. The initial points are given from the simplex, and the result shows whether the operator belongs to the simplex or not. The theory of boundary properties made considerable advances in the 20th century, owing to the work of several scientists; it resumed its rapid advance in the second half of that century, accompanied by the appearance of new ideas and methods, novel directions, and objects of study. Its development is closely connected with various fields of mathematical analysis and mathematics in general, first and foremost with probability theory, the theory of real functional analysis, the theory of majorization, and Volterra operators. On the other hand, one of the main purposes of this article is to connect with the Volterra operators. The theory of boundary properties of majorization, which grew out of the works of the Moscow Mathematical School (G.G.Hardy, D.E.Littlewood), was developed in the further works of E. Beccenbach and R.Belman as well as in the works of and other Russian scientists. We will extend this class by constructing a nonlinear operators class for the Volterra operators. Not everything goes exactly without an analog. In such cases, calculations are carried out in other ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Earthquake is one of most devastating natural disasters. The earthquake occurrences prediction , help reduced magnitude of destruction minimized.for Predicting an earthquake's time, magnitude ,depth and location of the earthquake, a variety of techniques have been suggested, such as statistical and mathematical analysis, and a signal investigation of precursors ,due an ostensibly dynamic character of seismic, they usually do not produce excellent results.The capacity of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to detect hidden patterns of data is well-known in the earthquake forecasting case.This paper provides overview of the different techniques and a comparison of their results.In AI-based approaches were utilized to forecast earthquakes using a variety of academic datasets. These researches used a variety of machine learning approaches that examines the contributions made of the prediction of earthquakes based on AI approaches to date. Furthermore, its goal to make choosing relevant earthquake prediction system. These studies review at ANN-based approaches, clustering techniques, and machine learning techniques for earthquake prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of the suspension system is to absorb the vibrations from wheels. To compromise between the two conflicting criteria i.e. road holding and ride comfort, passive suspension system is most suitable. The passenger discomfort is caused due to unwanted vibrations which are transmitted through unsprung mass. The numerical analysis using Simulink MATLAB software is used to determine Ride comfort of two suspension systems based on quarter car model. The experimental setup is developed and vibration analysis is performed using multichannel FFT analyser. The mathematical analysis result of the two different models of the suspensions is compared with experimental analysis. The aim of paper is to investigate effect of sprung mass on ride comfort at constant speed with input 0.1m peak stroke which generated a waveform resembling to half sine wave. The mathematical model is developed and analysed in Simulink MATLAB software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with mathematical analysis of nonlinear model prey predator system by means of presenting its approximate analytical expression by using HPM which is abbreviated as Homotopy Perturbation Method. The numerical simulation of the proposed system is also reported using Scilab program. It is amazing that our analytical solution is exactly matches with the numerical simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solubility phase diagram which consists of information on solute concentration, metastable and saturation limits against temperature, provides helpful insights in designing crystallization process to achieve desired crystal size distribution (CSD). Usually, the design of cooling crystallization process involves high supersaturation level at the beginning of the process in the metastable zone that is bounded by metastable and saturation limits. However, this high level of supersaturation causes an increment in both nucleation and crystal growth rates which induce the growth of the seed crystals as well as unwanted secondary nucleation that produce excessive fine crystals. Mitigation by employing proper temperature trajectory or policy along metastable zone to avoid unnecessary long operational time and fine crystals is needed. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to develop and simulate mathematical model of seeded batch crystallization process for the case of potash alum which is mainly used for purification in water treatment. Dynamic response of such process under open-loop operation for three cooling policies which are natural, linear and cubic is performed for evaluating the effect of different cooling policies on CSD. Simulation results based on the dynamic behaviour for all three cooling policies show cubic cooling policy obtained the best performance by achieving mean crystal size of 420 µm from the targeted CSD at 430 µm, and the mean crystal size for fine crystals is the lowest which is 35 µm compared to linear and natural cooling policies, at 40 µm and 55 µm, respectively. This information is prominent in deciding proper temperature trajectory of optimal cooling policy for potash alum crystallization process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper attempts to provide a detailed simulation approach of a wireless power transfer (WPT) system on Electric Vehicles (EVs) Charging for research and educational purposes. The simulation is based on coupled magnetic resonance technology, which power can be transferred via coupled magnetic resonances in the non-radiative near-field. A simplified power transfer system topology is proposed and implemented. Mathematical analysis and simulation of the proposed charging system is carried out. Based on this topology, the counter-electromotive force (counter EMF, CEMF) in the receiving coil related with constant transfer distance and driving frequency was simulated and analyzed. Through the simulation analysis of the wireless charging system specific design recommendations are provided and significant conclusions are derived. The simulation can be used as a tool for further research on the optimization of WPT for EVs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Listeriosis is a food-borne disease caused by a bacterium known as Listeria monocytogens. Humans can be infected by consuming contaminated food products. A transmission can also occur through contact with infected animals or people, however to a less extent. In this paper, a mathematical model for Listeriosis dynamics was developed. The steady states and their stability of the model system were determined and analyzed. The result shows that the disease-free equilibrium is asymptotically stable if the bacteria's growth rate is less than its removal rate, and also the growth rate of food contamination is less than its removal rate. It was further observed that we can still have Listeriosis driven by the contaminated food products even if the Listeria bacteria population in the environment is very small.The results indicate that Listeriosis can be effectively controlled by removing contaminated food products, which was the policy adopted by the South African government during the recent Listeriosis outbreak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first corona virus disease case was reported in Wuhan City, China in December 2019 and spreads worldwide very quickly. On 9th March 2020, World Health Organization declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic. Mathematical models can be very effective in understanding the transmission patterns of COVID-19. This paper proposes a fractional-order susceptible, exposed, infected, asymptomatic, hospitalized, removed (SEIAHR) model. The fractional models help understand the disease epidemic. To formulate its fractional derivative, we consider the Caputo operator and discuss the uniqueness and existence of the solution for the model by applying the Banach contraction mapping principle. We performed numerical simulation by the Adams- Bashforth-Moulton method, which shows that the fractional models provide a better understanding and more biological insights about the dynamics of disease than traditional integer-order models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we consider some aspects of the numerical analysis of the mathematical model of fractional Duffing with a derivative of variable fractional order of the Riemann-Liouville type. Using numerical methods: an explicit finite-difference scheme based on the Grunwald-Letnikov and Adams-Bashford-Moulton approximations (predictor-corrector), the proposed numerical model is found. These methods have been verified with a test case. It is shown that the predictor-corrector method has a faster convergence than the method according to the explicit finite-difference scheme. For these schemes, using Runge's rule, estimates of the computational accuracy were made, which tended to unity with an increase in the number of calculated grid nodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is focused on reliability analysis of time-consuming mathematical models utilizing approximation in form of Taylor series expansion. Statistical analysis is crucial part of reliability analysis of structures but it is still challenging to analyze time-consuming mathematical models, e.g. represented by finite element method in implicit form. Efficient alternative is an approximation of original model by explicit function in specific form. The paper is focused on approximation by Taylor series expansion for statistical analysis of functions of random variables. Although it is common to use Taylor series expansion for functions of uncorrelated random variables, it is challenging to utilize Taylor series for correlated variables and highly non-linear functions. Therefore, possibilities and pitfalls of such approach are herein discussed from engineers point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mathematical models of the COVID-19 pandemic have been utilized in a variety of settings as a core component of national public health responses. Often based on systems of ordinary differential equations, compartmental models are commonly used to understand and forecast outbreak trajectories. In view of the primarily applied nature of COVID-19 models, theoretical analysis can provide a global and long-term perspective of key model properties, and relevant insights about the infection dynamics they represent. This work formulates and undertakes such an investigation for a compartmental model of COVID-19, which includes the effect of interventions. More specifically, this paper analyzes the characteristics of the solutions of a compartmental model by establishing the existence and stability of the equilibrium points based on the value of the basic reproductive number R0. Our results provide insights on the possible policies that can be implemented to address the health crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a numerical analysis of the class of mathematical models of linear fractional oscillators, which is the Cauchy problem for a differential equation with derivatives of fractional orders in the sense of Gerasimov-Caputo. A method based on an explicit nonlocal finite-difference scheme (ENFDS) and the Adams-Bashfort-Moulton (ABM) method are considered as tools for numerical analysis. An analysis of the errors of the methods is carried out, it is shown that the ABM method is more accurate and converges faster to an exact solution than the ENFDS method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, consider the direct problem of mathematical physics on calculating the effect of a concentrated action at some point of a loaded elastic body. As the object of study, a rectangular homogeneous strip plate was chosen, loaded by a concentrated action and having a negligible bending stiffness. The goal is to con-struct a solution in an analytical form and analyze the problem of oscillations of a homogeneous membrane under the influence of a known load. The results of modeling the effect of point action on a homogeneous membrane are presented. The analysis of the mathematical model is based on the obtained analytical solu-tion of the homogeneous two-dimensional wave equation. Modeling was performed using the Maple computer algebra system. The results of modeling the influence of a given point oscillatory action on a specific homo-geneous membrane-strip are presented in graphical form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the numerical investigation of ellipticity of the boundary value problem for isothermal finite strain elasto-plasticity. Ellipticity can be lost when softening occurs. A discontinuity surface then appears in the considered material body and this is associated with the ill-posedness of the boundary value problem. In the paper the condition for ellipticity loss is derived using the deformation gradient and the first Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensor. Next, the obtained condition is implemented and numerically tested within symbolic-numerical tools AceGen and AceFEM using the benchmark of an elongated rectangular plate with imperfection in plane stress and plane strain conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a practical implementation of hybrid simulation using Real Time Finite Element Method (RTFEM). Hybrid simulation is a technique for investigating dynamic material and structural properties of mechanical systems by performing numerical analysis and experiment at the same time. It applies to mechanical systems with elements too difficult or impossible to model numerically. These elements are tested experimentally, while the rest of the system is simulated numerically. Data between the experiment and numerical simulation are exchanged in real time. Authors use Finite Element Method to perform the numerical simulation. The following paper presents the general algorithm for hybrid simulation using RTFEM and possible improvements of the algorithm for computation time reduction developed by the authors. The paper focuses on practical implementation of presented methods, which involves testing of a mountain bicycle frame, where the shock absorber is tested experimentally while the rest of the frame is simulated numerically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper considers the influence of the assumed error indicator on the final adapted mesh. Provided that threshold values of an error are increased by applying the adaptive procedure, it turns out that final mesh depends on the assumed error indicator. In the paper, there were used the standard error estimates and the error indicator proposed by the author. The proposed error indicator is based on applying hierarchically generalized finite difference method (FDM). In the case of the proposed error indicator, the final adapted mesh is the most optimal for the exact solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the innovation of the contours of automobile side, this paper presents an innovative design method of vehicle side profile based on Fourier descriptor. The design flow of this design method is: pre-processing, coordinate extraction, standardization, discrete Fourier transform, simplified Fourier descriptor, exchange descriptor innovation, inverse Fourier transform to get the outline of innovative design. Innovative concepts of the innovative methods of gene exchange among species and the innovative methods of gene exchange among different species are presented, and the contours of the innovative design are obtained separately. A three-dimensional model of a car is obtained by referring to the profile curve which is obtained by exchanging xenogeneic genes. The feasibility of the method proposed in this paper is verified by various aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the aims of new circular collider projects is further increase in their luminosity. A high electromagnetic field of space charge at the meeting points limits the achievable current densities and consequently the luminosity. Non- linear focusing compensation in a storage ring done by the opposite-charge beam circulating in another storage ring was proposed and tested many years ago. Ya. S. Derbenev has shown that such a scheme suffers from tune shifts of coherent betatron oscillations, which move betatron frequencies toward the nearest integer or half-integer resonance. In this paper, the collider based on electron energy recovery linac (ERL) and "figure-8" positron storage ring with beams of equal currents is considered. Positrons are circulating in a two-loop storage ring (positron-positron collider), and electron- electron collider uses ERL, as in original Tigner's proposal. Thus, a collision of four bunches and space-charge compensation in a multi-bunch mode can be ensured. The mathematical and numerical analysis of this configuration is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biofilms growth on surfaces of building material can affect not only their appearance, but also a hygrothermal performance. Prediction and description of biofilms growth is therefore of a significant importance. Computational modelling represents an optimal approach for this purpose. The computational outputs are dependent on quality of input data, material properties in particular. This paper deals with a sensitivity analysis of a selected mathematical model for coupled heat and moisture transport that can be used for biofilms growth description by means of its growth rates functions extension. Within the analysis, an influence of variance of hygric material properties on output produced is studied. A block made of autoclaved aerated concrete exposed to climatic conditions of Prague, Czech Republic was assumed. It was found, that temperature difference when compared to reference results may differ up to 0.555 °C and relative humidity up to 6.42 %. Such results predispose the model to be a good candidate for a biofilms growth description. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plant cultivation in the tropics can make it easier for farmers to determine when the planting season is good, with the hope of satisfying production. Unfortunately, the changing seasons at this time are irregular. The low productivity is caused by various things, one of which is the occurrence of plant diseases caused by pathogens and spread through insects. One example is the cultivation of red chili plants. It is common for farmers to suffer losses due to the yellow virus (Geminivirus), which is transmitted through insect vectors. These problems can be analyzed using mathematical models. In this paper, we developed a mathematical model of the spread of the yellow virus in red chili plants with the growth of insects as vector carriers of disease following the logistical function. We will show the value of the basic reproduction number R0 from the model by determining the dominant eigenvalue of the next generation matrix. The results show that when the R0 is smaller than one, non-endemic equilibrium points will be stable. Also, we provide examples of numerical simulations that describe the population of models that have been developed. The simulation results provided show that if the use of V. lecanii is more than 30%, the population of infected plants in the vegetative and generative phases will experience extinction, as will the infected population of B. tabaci. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the influence of the asperity interaction is considered based on the contact stiffness model in mixed lubrication. The influence of surface topography parameters on normal contact stiffness is analyzed by simulation. And the proposed contact stiffness fractal model is compared with the model without considering the asperity interaction. Results of the mathematical analysis shows that the contact stiffness of the joint surface in mixed lubrication is larger than that of the dry joint surface; contact stiffness of the mixed lubrication is obviously affected by the surface topography; the predicted curve of the proposed model is closer to reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A general configuration is proposed in this paper to achieve phase equalization. A phase equalizer is a very important mathematical block which provides continuous phase shifts with variation in frequency. This phase shift is very useful in many mathematical applications in the area of analog signal processing (ASP). The proposed configuration consists of one extra-X second generation current conveyor (EXCCII) as active block and four grounded passive components. The detailed mathematical analysis of this novel idea is presented to focus on its theoretical aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a mathematical analysis of the hybrid algorithm DESA, a combination of Differential Evolution (DE) and Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithm. DESA is a DE-based algorithm with SA-like selection operator. The discussion includes the detailed algorithmic frameworks and characteristics of the DESA-population and its comparison with the classical DE algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Normally in engineering, conceptual models provide formal model of the system. Mathematical modeling gives the systematic representation in terms of properties. Modeling process is performed by using design space analysis and mathematical equations and this can be performed with different design alternatives. Conceptual analysis of natural convection is described. In this paper the modeling of heat and mass transfer is performed with the concepts of heat and mass transfer and properties of objects in the design space. Numerical solution has been conducted for energy equation with different boundary conditions. The present work analyses the heat and mass transfer modeling process with mathematical equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces a prey-predator system in the presence of a competitor for the prey and anti-predator behaviour such that the adult preys can attack vulnerable predators. Mathematical analysis shows that increase the amount of antipredator behaviour rate can increase prey density and decrease competitor density. As far as the predator species is concerned, when the assumption a12a21 ≤ a11a22 holds, increasing the amount of antipredator behaviour can decrease the predator density whereas the opposite holds if the assumption is reversed. Local, global stability and bifurcation study as well as stability of the limit cycle is analyzed. Here for specific parametric choice we obtain chaotic behaviour of our system in a simple Lotka Volterra model. Numerical simulation study with some hypothetical data is also performed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biopolymer has become one of the recent trends for alternative materials in this decade. The rising awareness towards environmental issues has sparked the idea of creating alternative materials to gradually replace the existing petroleum based polymer. Polycaprolactone (PCL) is amongst the biopolymer that has emerged to be a commercial biopolymer. This work focuses on the kinetics of the biopolymerization process in a reactor for PCL. Mathematical representation of biopolymerization process was derived based on Quasi Steady State Approximation proposed by Briggs and Haldane. The model was developed to infer the molecular weight of the biopolymer which is based on the mechanistic model of the biopolymerization reaction. Based on the results, the molecular weight can be successfully predicted by the developed mathematical model based on the Quasi Steady State Approximation method. Comparison was also carried out between actual molecular weight from experimental works and simulated molecular weight from the mathematical model. The analysis on the mathematical model predictions were conducted using statistical means was also presented in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper realizes the uncalibrated visual servoless control of the Six-DOF manipulator, where the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of the camera and the robot manipulator model are not known, nor real-time computes the inverse of image Jacobian. And the neural network was used to optimize the trajectory of manipulator end in Cartesian space. Firstly, a biaxial parallel layoutt are proposed to establish the relationship between the moving component along the coordinate axis and the change of single image feature when the end of the robot moves in the Cartesian space. The neural network was used to fit the relationship established above, then the optimization model was established, and the parameter of PID controller were optimized by neural network. Finally, the simulation and comparison experiments are investigated, and the results indicate the controller posed in this paper is effective and stable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the simple fractional iterative differential equation will be the focus of study Dβv(s) = vn(s); v(s0) = a: where s0; v0 ∈ I = [0, b], and 0 < β < 1. One class of the iterative fractional differential equations is the simple iterative fractional differential equation. In this paper, the local existence and uniqueness results for the fractional order of degree n of simple iterative fractional differential equation are proven and the solutions found by using power series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with Protter problems for Keldysh type equations in R4: Originally such type problems are formulated by M. Protter for equations of Tricomi type. Now it is well known that Protter problems for mixed type equations of the first kind are ill-posed and for smooth right-hand side functions they have singular generalized solutions. In the present paper Protter problem for equations of second kind (Keldysh type) is formulated and it is shown that in the frame of classical solvability this problem is not well posed. Further, a notion for a generalized solution in suitable functional space is given. Results for existence and uniqueness of generalized solution of the considered problem are obtained. Some a priori estimates are stated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the aim was to introduce uninitiated readers extensive research on an incomplete Latin square design and pitfalls in methodology for solving the incomplete Latin square design. The incomplete Latin square design commonly leads to difficulties in the analysis of variance (ANOVA). Accordingly, several techniques were discussed by a number of researchers. It should be noted that the values of sums of squares in the ANOVA table by means of a missing-plot approach without adjusting the bias and an exact approach with a general regression significance test are not identical. This paper suggests to readers that the Latin square design of any order consisting of missing values should be analyzed by means of the exact approach or the missing-plot technique with adjusting the bias. A comprehensive review of the literature provided the gap for further research. It was a lack of definite formula for the ANOVA table with the exact approach for the cases of the incomplete Latin square design. It is thus of interest to provide the ready-made formula of the sums of squares by means of the exact approach in order to reduce the calculation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of this paper is to propose a novel method for finding the solutions of fuzzy partial differential equations (FPDEs) through fuzzy Sumudu transform. For this purpose, two new theorems for FST regarding fuzzy partial derivatives will be introduced. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, a numerical example will be provided. Finally, this paper opens up a new research direction on FPDEs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we give a preliminary on the properties of a resolvent family for a Volterra integral equation in infinite dimension and we give definitions of a Favard class of order α where α ∈]0, 1] and the notion of Lp-admissibility of control for resolvent families. Furthermore we establish a link between the space of Lp-admissible control operators for resolvent family and Favard class of order 1/p where p ∈ [1, +∞ [with creep kernel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dissemination of human infectious diseases induces a great behavioral change in susceptible individuals, to avoid being infected by the propagated disease. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze a new stochastic SIQRD epidemic model which accounts the effect of individuals behavior interaction due to information about the disease outbreak. This model has a unique global positive solution. The threshold dynamics of our stochastic model which determines the extinction and persistence of the disease is investigated. Numerical simulations are realized to illustrate the performance of our theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The object of this paper is the study of a periodic structure formed by identical mufflers or expansion chambers by a new method called ”Interface Response Function” or ”Green’s Function”. This method is very well known in solid physics but remains unrecognized in acoustics. The objective is to investigate the acoustic attenuation performance of expansion chamber by developing analytical expressions. The present work focuses on the acoustic characteristics of wave transmission and the band structure across a cell and then to the entire network. The effect of the discontinuity between two waveguide is not taken account. The theoretical analysis is for a one-dimensional rigid waveguide. It is reported that the viscothermic effect is ignored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the existence of infinitely many solutions for anisotropic variable exponent problem of the type {– Σi=1 N ∂xiai(x, ∂xiu) + Σi=1 N ai(x,u) = λ|u|q(x)-2u in Ω, ∂u/∂v = 0 on ∂Ω. (1) Where Ω ⊂ RN(N ≥ 3) is a bounded domain with smooth boundary ∂Ω, λ > 0,, pi,q are continuous functions on Ω̅ such that pi(x) ≥ 2,∀x ∈ Ω and i ∈ {1,2,...,N}. The main result of this paper establishes the existence of two positive constants λ0 and λ1 with λ0 ≤ λ1 such that every λ ∈ (λ1, ∞) is an eigenvalue, while no λ ∈ (0, λ0) can be an eigenvalue of the above problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]