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The paper discusses major Data Protection and Privacy laws that have been adopted in India and Europe. The formation of the Personal Data Protection Bill is a breakthrough for India's privacy system. PDPB is considered equivalent to the General Data Protection Regulation because of similar rules and regulations. The authors compare and summarize to create a better understanding of both the laws. Intensive research has been done to brief about the laws through the existing sources. The initial section discusses the reforms that led to the formation of GDPR and how it has impacted the formation of the Personal Data Protection Bill. Further, few data breaches and their consequences are encapsulated in the paper, which occurred in the EU since the GDPR was implemented. It can be said that GDPR highly influences the formation of PBPD. The authors conclude by outlining the similarities and dissimilarities of the two laws in a tabular format in the last section and the implications of the PDPB if and when applicable in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper gives a short overview of the financial world affected through COVID-19. To be more precise, it is about the changing (negative) interest rates of Europe, the US as well as India. At the same time, the paper discusses the Bitcoin exchange rate as well as the current situation regarding money laundering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the past few years, the South Peninsular India (SPI) is facing natural calamities in terms of rainfall extremes. With the advent of satellite datasets, the challenges in the prediction of rainfall have improved to some extent. In this paper, effort has been made to evaluate Climate Prediction Center (CPC)-South Asia data set, CPC Morphing Technique (CMORPH) against observed Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) daily precipitation data over SPI. Different statistical indices including 4 categorical indices were used to assess the capability of the product in estimating precipitation extent and rainfall occurrence prediction of monsoon season from 2014 – 2020. Results suggest a strong correlation (0.8), Index of Agreement (0.9) and Kling Gupta Efficiency Index (0.7) between the predicted and observed data. Higher value of Probability of Detection (POD), Critical Success Index (CSI) and a lower value of False Alarm Ratio (FAR) implies the strong capability of CMORPH in the precipitation estimation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soil nailing is a versatile construction technique used in stabilizing natural as well as man-made earth slopes. In Europe, this technique was initially developed and probable in various provinces. Now, this technique is widely used worldwide and used in India also. The process of soil nailing is simply embracing reinforcement for passively strengthening soil slopes. The soil nailing is mostly incumbent on the method of construction as well as the type and nature of soil or rock. The nail bending, dilation, soil moisture, overburden pressure, grout pressure, and nail roughness also affect the soil nail resistance. This paper aims to explore some important ideas or state of the art on ground improvement techniques, such as nailed soil slope and systematic techniques prolonged by a broad investigation of the method of slope stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper mainly deals with the design and analysis of Agriculture data using Machine Learning (ML) techniques. Agriculture includes cultivating the soil and we can grow different types of crops. In India there are 28 states and 8 Union Territories. In each and every state people are farming and they are developing our agriculture in so many ways. Every state has its own farm for example: - Andhra Pradesh-Rice, Bazra, maize, ragi, pulses etc; the other name for agriculture is "Back Bone of India ". The sediment pressure is due to erosion and soil loss. Diffusion in nature occurs in the fine-grained sediments. Statistical analysis is being carried out for effective solution based on different parameters. This helps to get more information for farmers to make critical farming decisions. Researchers focused on agriculture and found an optimal option to increase production. Experimental data is analyzed and the production is optimized for agriculture such that it is more resilient to climatic change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanofluids are suspensions of nanoparticles with a minimum size of 100 nanometers or less. A decade of investigation into this composite material's wet-spreading properties, antibacterial activity, and other unique characteristics has attracted scientific interest. Nanofluids' enhanced features and behavior may benefit many industries such as chemical and process, transportation, electronics, medicine, energy and the environment. This includes device optimization and continuous improvements. Nanofluids have recently acquired prominence due to their ability to increase heat and mass transfer. The reported enhancements in nanofluids' mass diffusion and convective mass transfer coefficients are considerably larger than those observed in heat transfer research. This research concentrates on the most significant advancements in nanofluids and their fluid flow properties and their applicability in a variety of engineering fields. This investigation focuses on current nanofluid applications in chemical engineering, biomedical engineering, mechanical engineering, solar energy, sustainable architectural design, wastewater treatment, transportation, and industrial cooling. In addition, the importance of clinical imaging including the use of nanofluids in it were investigated and the colloidal drug administration and nanofluids are covered as well. Furthermore, to further examine and evaluate the term "nanofluids" and its engineering applications in different countries worldwide from 1997 to 2022, this article analyzed Scopus publications to do a statistical representation of published works in this field. According to the results, nanofluids applications are of particular importance to India and Iran, as shown by the 2476 and 2131 published papers, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

India is in the midst of a water crisis, with the country's population expected to face severe water scarcity by 2025. With rising population expansion and development, different means for ensuring water availability must be seriously examined. Greywater management, which is defined as all sources of residential wastewater except toilet wastewater (Blackwater), is becoming increasingly significant, particularly in rural regions, where poor wastewater management is one of the leading causes of pollution and fatal diseases. Greywater reuse, when done correctly, has a lot of potential as an alternative water source for things like irrigation and toilet flushing. The 'Constructed Wetland (CW) system' is a solution that has proven to be particularly effective in recycling greywater. The various treatment technologies for greywater treatment are discussed in this paper. The possibilities for reuse of treated greywater are also discussed in the article. The eco-friendly nature, low capital investment, zero energy requirements and O&M hassle free approach in CW clearly identifies it as a sustainable alternative to conventional treatment systems for greywater management in rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In its simplest form, a pandemic like Covid-19 progresses roughly according to a logistical law – exponentially at first till a peak rate is reached and then the curve turns and finally levels off. However, this textbook feature is interrupted by lockdowns, other pandemic mitigating protocols, and the emergence of new variants and so the picture becomes complex with multiple wavelike interferences. In this paper, we identify two components – the death rate per million of population (N) and the fractional rate of change (f) at each stage. We propose a series of hierarchically ordered indicators with a final second-order indicator X = f2N. This serves as a single number metric summarising the criticality of the rate of progress of the pandemic at that stage. We use as examples, the progress of Covid-19 at the global level, and within India. This helps to reveal the complex features of the evolution of a pandemic in a region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

India is one of the largest countries of the world with a high population density. Being a developing country, this nation is facing enormous challenges in regulating its air quality. Population growth, vehicular ownership, urbanization, demand of energy and industrialization process are driving the pollution level to an alarming state in Delhi which is the capital of India. Accurate air quality index (AQI) forecasting of Delhi will assist Government in making strategic decisions so as to avoid catastrophic deterioration in the quality of healthy air. Motivated from this, in this paper, for the first time a systematic study is made to assess the effectiveness of four promising univariate statistical forecasting models and twelve machine learning (ML) models in predicting the AQI of Delhi. Four accuracy measures including "mean absolute scaled error (MASE), symmetric mean absolute percentage error (SMAPE), root means square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE)" are used to assess the performance of statistical and ML models. Extensive statistical analyses on obtained results using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test illustrate the superiority of multilayer perceptron (MLP) and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models than other considered models in predicting the Delhi AQI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With current trends of going IT Industry employment in India and work from home culture in these IT industries, IT risk management is seeking a great change and thus need of new framework is paramount in current perspective. This paper examines the existing most of IT risk management frameworks and tries to find some solution with respect to the recent developments in IT industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper is meant with an comprehensive study to understand the bending behavior of ferrocement slabs which is put through various loading conditions. The idea of composite slabs with proper closed decking along with connectors that can resist shear has a good developed way. In developing countries like India the usage of composite slabs has not reached its full extent because of the constraints in fabrication, exposure resistance to climate and other beauty aspects. The depth of conventional R.C.C slabs normally used for ceilings and floor diaphragms may range from 100 to 500mm thick. Slabs of minimal thickness are used only for road slab paving. The usage of raft foundation is becoming common in the current times. These are used for constructing high rise buildings and multifloor structures. In which a large concrete bed is made and the entire structure is being built on it. The raft entirely lies on the bed of soil. This raft is of heavy depth and self weight. Steps can be taken to reduce the depths of these slabs. Ferrocement panels acts as both as formworks and as load bearing component in the structure and these types of slabs reduces the depth of elements to a good extent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

India has been known for practicing Yoga which is embedded into its culture and heritage since times immemorial as a gateway to good health and wellness. It is India that has given to the world Yoga and Ayurveda – the two prominent therapies. The sedentary life style that was deemed to be a threat to the healthy life-style at the fag end of 20th century has emerged as a monster in the 21st century with a host of life style diseases in the form of a number of health disorders like cardiac ailments, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, carcinoma, and mental disorders etc that the world suffers from. The 21st century life style is full of stress and strain to the nearly 8 billion habitants of this planet. It is this stress which originates from a response to any stimuli which causes an alteration in the way body functions. The bodily changes involve both physical as well as psychological changes. Whenever there is an alteration in the way normal body functioning happens, a series of detrimental effects emerge in the human body and it not merely at physical level. Such changes happen at mental level too. Through this paper, an attempt is being made to introduce the concept of pranayama (a form of yoga which comprises deep rhythmic breathing in controlled manner). The basic tenet in pranayama is two way relationship between emotion and breathing. That means, it is not only emotions which impact our breathing, but by way of controlling rhythmic breathing through yoga, we can positively alter emotions too. The study involved human subjects who willingly agreed to be a part of particular experimentation involving practice of nadi shodhan pranayama (alternate nostril breathing) for 18 weeks. The outcome: there was a significant improvement by 22% in the health, a substantial gain in memory power by 19.15%, a reduction in the mental stress levels by 21.23% and 24.86 were relieved of their physical discomforts belonging to Generation Z in the pre- and post-nadi shodhan pranayama practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The epidemic caused by Covid-19, which has shattered the world wide economy, has also deviated the Indian economy. Almost all Indian states have taken strict actions of quarantine to regulate the spread of coronavirus. The purpose of this paper is to look over the socioeconomic affect of coronavirus and policy reforms in India. Originality: Previous studies have either used single day data or max of a week data to explore the effect of the Covid-19 crisis or most of them focus on a single sector such as the economy. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first study to look at Covid-19's socioeconomic effect on Indian states. Methodology: The present study used secondary data from several authentic websites such as the Worldometer, UNESCO, and newspapers. The period used for analysis is from March to July 2020. Findings: The results indicate that India isnoexceptioningettingthesevereimpact of the Covid-19, and Western and Southern are highly influenced compared to other regions of India. Implications: Thepresentpaperhasthefollowingimplications. First, societal policies can positively influence the community and economic well-being of individuals. Second, the recent outbreak has shown how a biological catastrophe will be converted into a sociological crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Almost all countries who are signatories to the Paris Agreement have made their commitment to 'Net Zero' emissions. India has also pledged to net zero emissions by 2070 and to achieve non –fossil fuel energy capacity of 500 GW by 2030. Several renewable and green energy solutions are being actively explored. One major source of greenhouse emissions is the main propulsion engine of vehicles including military vehicles, ships, and aircrafts. While efforts are on to use hydrogen energy and batteries for main power train and Auxiliary Power Units, viability of APUs working on green technology like Fuel Cells for big trucks, buses, planes, ports, ships etc. is also being actively explored. Unlike battery powered APUs which provide fixed runtime and depend on main diesel engines for recharge, fuel cell APUs can provide quiet and environment friendly power non-stop till fuel is provided. Their immediate integration using on board fuel and their versatility to work on a variety of green fuels makes them an attractive option. A lot of resources have been invested in Polymer Electrolyte based Fuel Cell Auxiliary Power Units to develop the same as a viable alternative to existing Auxiliary Power Units. This paper discusses the technological status and cost viability of Auxiliary Power Units using PEFCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the Government, India has transformed to digital innovation but still during the spike of covid-19 cases, the country suffered due to a lack of health record management. It is therefore the need of the time to introduce an architecture that can transform the health care industry of the country. A framework must be introduced that can help in maintaining a patient's medical history so that in case of regular checkups as well as emergencies, Digital Asset in the form of health data can be utilized. The block chain is the most advanced technology to store medical transactions in the form of a ledger. In this paper, we explore how block chain can facilitate the patients while also protecting their data and giving them proper rights with transparency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the ease of internet access, social media has proven as the mecca of connecting people worldwide, but as much as social media has established itself as a boon for people, it is a curse as well. Within a short time, social media's impact has brought the whole world together in one spot where individuals may express their thoughts and ideas. With India's user report standing at 518 million in 2020, the number might go up to 1.5 billion by 2040, while the worldwide social media users number stands at 4.55 billion people, which is more than a half-world now. Social media has undoubtedly proved a boon, opening doors towards ample opportunities for people worldwide, from allowing them to do business online to showcasing their talents which sometimes boosts their career once they get recognized. However, coming to the darker side, social media can be labelled as a curse as well in place of the boon, given the occurrence of cybercrimes, be it burglary or theft of personal data, spamming, impersonating by creating fake id using people's information present over social network handles, cyberbullying or sex crimes (especially paedophiles), and the list continues. The following study outlines the precautionary steps to safeguard oneself against cybercrimes and reviews the concerned research papers covering threat analysis of social media crimes using Artificial Intelligence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper emphases on subjects relating to sustainability and carbon emanations of building construction keeping Indian construction industry in mind. Globally, India holds second position in the production of bamboo. The amplified reliance on conservative construction constituents is seized to be accountable for the concentrated wood capitals and for degradation of the environment, which has directed the thought of substituting steel and wood with the use of bamboos. Bamboo is recognized as simple economic, rapidly emerging and sustainable material. Consequently, it is vital to optimize the use of eco-friendly resources for structures. Bamboos as an amalgamated material could be cast-off in several exterior as well as in interior of buildings like flyovers, foundation, multi-storey buildings, dwellings, large span structures in recreational buildings and interiors of airports. The present work focuses on Bamboo's prospective to be used as supportive substantial in construction industries rather than its conventional use and also what not to do while adopting bamboo as a construction material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present era of concrete innovations, natural fibres hold an important role due to their abundance in tropical countries like India and their eco-friendly nature. They out-shadow the synthetic or steels fibre with its cost-effectiveness, environmental friendliness, unhazardous production, nil heat generation to medium, and many property-oriented benefits. Amongst natural fibres, coir fibres dominate the local availability and have better mechanical and durability properties, hence the comparative analysis on former parameters of coir fibre reinforced cement composite (CFRCC), along with the general failure of natural fibre and countermeasures are reported in this paper. CFRCC with high compressive, tensile, and bond strengths and also least water absorption of cement medium at saturation made to take over the rest of local coastal natural fibre reinforced concrete. CFRCC was found to possess a predominant strength under impact loadings due to the hard nature and appreciable setup of constituent materials in the coir fibre. Here, is an overview of the mechanism behind attaining corresponding strength studied on the elementary level. Further, the predominant terminologies and models of mechanical behaviour for understanding material performance without mathematical details are discussed. Additionally, the general failure mechanism of natural fibre with specific improvement based on coir fibre was dealt with in the work. References from the authors of various time scales included as a means of comparing durability enhancement methods are discussed in this work. CFRCC held the appreciable improvement of the properties amongst the other modified natural fibre reinforced cement composite, including the durability aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soil is a valuable natural resource that is vital to preserving environmental equilibrium. It was the purpose of this paper to examine how soil dielectric constants vary with respect to physical components and readily available nutrients. In a soil sample from the Dantewada district, it discusses the relationship between physiochemical parameters and dielectric constant. Soil samples were taken from agriculture land at several locations throughout the Dantewada district, including the NMDC Dantewada agricultural area Furthermore, several chemical factors such as varying percentages of clay, slit, and other physical qualities were studied the electrical conductivity and dielectric potential of soil samples allowed researchers to investigate several chemical parameters, including the relative proportions of clay and silt in the soil. These findings revealed that the physical and chemical qualities of soils vary greatly depending on where they are found. All of these qualities aid in a better knowledge of soil physics, agricultural applications, and remote sensing data analysis. This research also aids farmers in making the best crop choices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to study the importance of CSR to firm's financial performance. This has assumed significance in light of the amendments passed and adopted with respect to 'The Companies Act". In April 2014, India became the first countryto make CSR a mandatory requirement for companies, subject to certain conditions. This approach garnered massive appreciation from representatives of different philanthropic institutions across the world, However, little research has been conducted from an Indian perspective to study the impact of CSR investments on the financial performance of firms. To addressthis research gap, this study investigates the relationship of investments in CSR with firms' financial performance. Accordingly, a dataset of 471 Indian firms across three sectors of Agriculture, Manufacturing/Industry and Service was compiled for the years 2015-2020. In this timeframe, firm-wise CSR investments, in addition to other relevant dependent and control variables were identified in structure of Panel data. Panel Data Regression was employed for in depth analysis of the relationship between CSRspends and the Financial Performance dimensions. Major findings of the study include positive impact of Investment in CSR on Enterprise value and Net worth in presence of selected control variables. Another panel data model establishes positive impact of Investment in CSR on Profitability Measure like EPS, ROTA & ROE. The study also presents sector wise comparisonof this relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It was the in-depth examination of the effects of a computer information technology (IT) training curriculum delivered entirely online sector personnel in India. The paper also focuses on studying the impact of online training on self-efficacy of the employees working in IT industry. The results show that online training had a great impact on the efficiency of the employees. The planning performance of employees has also increased considerably. Online training helped the employees to be more creative and innovative and online training has also compelled the employees to make more efforts in their work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study presented here focuses upon the MHCV truck segment in general and particularly on multi axle heavy trucks of 25 tonnes GVW and above, which is seeing an ever-growing acceptance among the Indian trucking fraternity – due to their supposed higher productivity, operational efficiency and consequentially higher profitability. The study establishes that multi-axle vehicles do have certain inherent advantages in terms of load carrying across different terrain and different load categories. It also highlights the safety aspects of heavy truck transportation by providing insight upon the efficiency of the drivers, which can be further improved by providing air-conditioned and factory-made cabins, as the degree of tiredness felt among the respondent drivers were observed to be less in comparison to the drivers in non-air-conditioned cabins. Overall, this paper captures the operational business sense of the transition from two-axle trucks to multi-axle trucks that has been happening in India since year 2000. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented financial crisis and disruptions worldwide. It has affected the economy of most of the developing and developed countries drastically. In particular the manufacturing and service sectors have faced many problems, because of the draconian lockdowns, boarder ceases, travel bans, social distancing norms, unavailability of skilled and non-skilled work forces, unavailability of raw materials, reduced export-imports and may more, impacting the world economy adversely. This paper includes extensive review of available literatures, accentuating the impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) of India, highlighting the national economic slow-down, job losses and exodus of migrant workers, increased unemployment, and other socio-economic problems. Government initiatives to rescue the Indian MSMEs from the global crisis are discussed, and some strategies as suggested by different economists are also incorporated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a developing country, like India women have to struggle more to pursue reputable profession and work tirelessly to arrive at equivalence to their male counterparts. Macro level factors, such as cultural and social norms play an essential role in the existence of gender-based violence within any country, including India. But, individual-level parameters, like observing violence between one's parents while growing up, absent or rejecting father, aberrant peer associations etc. also have significant function in development of such violence. Thus, it is important to evaluate assorted factors for domestic violence so that such hostility can be prevented from occurring in the first place. Hence, this paper for the first time in the world applies a novel multi-criteria decision making tool, Multi-Objective Optimization by Ratio Analysis (MOORA) approach to examine the reasons for domestic violence of working women in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

India is an Agriculture based country and about 60% of the population depends on agriculture for their living. But there is a substantiable reduction in agricultural production has happened due to unstable climate conditions and global warming. Indian farmers are always lacking the support of advanced technologies for improving and maximizing their yield. If they get explicit information about soil type, nutrients, pH value, changes in climatic factors, previous year yield etc., they can optimize their work and yield. With the advancement of machine learning, big data analytics and cloud computing technologies, the climate and crop yield can be got predicted to the farmers. Prediction of yield in advance can help the farmers to take corrective decisions about fertilization, storage and marketing to increase their production and revenue. A huge number of studies have been conducted worldwide, on agriculture sector for the prediction of crop yield, plant diseases etc. This paper presents a brief study of different researches in India on crop yield prediction based on Machine Learning and deep learning. Most of the researchers used environmental parameters like temperature, rainfall and soil type as the main features for prediction. A number of machine learning algorithms are employed in this field and it is really a complex task to identify the best algorithm. The researchers tried to accurately predict the crop yield and thereby suggesting ways to improve production and efficient use of fertilizers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The word Taxonomy is the way of Classification. It is the science of naming and classifying all the living organisms as well as extinct organisms of the world. Swedish Botanist Carlous Linnaeus was the father of taxonomy; Out of 17000 plant species present in India, more than 7600 plants are medicinal plants. Indigenous Indian medicines are formulations of traditional knowledge and medicinal plant extracts. The traditional knowledge is transferred from one generation to other generations which is used as drug for various diseases, instead of relying on what is the ingredients and proportions these drugs are based on traditional knowledge. These drugs involve the use of plant extract. The World Health Organization (WHO) , leading agency in health care found that 80 % population in low economic output countries depend on traditional medicine for their essential health care[1]. In the current era of pandemic medicinal plant species like citrus spp, allium sativum, allium cepa found effective in management of COVID 19. As per WHO guidelines, In the field of medicinal research where clinical trials are used for new drug discovery, there is need of continuous supply of authenticated products which are correctly identified, classified, and verified [1]. Traditional identification and classification methods are not quick, efficient and reliable. Automated Classification of medicinal Plants help to conserve knowledge of medicinal plant species, share it from one generation to next generation and help the whole society to improve the knowledge about medicinal plants. The paper presents traditional and recent trends using Computer vision and machine learning for classifying medicinal plant species. The main focus is on Leaf image as input. It presents the challenges as well as opportunities in identifying and classifying medicinal plant species by performing comprehensive review of traditional methodologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the years, the gold prices have been increasing rapidly. Covid-19 and its impact leads to rise in the prices of Gold in the year 2020. So many variables are mindful for increasing the gold cost in India and it leads to investment decisions of individuals and enterprises. Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) is useful method to gauge time series data. In the paper we mainly focus on daily costs of Gold from the year 2018 to 2020 to determine and forecast the daily gold prices in 2021. Also estimate the error (%) between the observed and estimated values through ARIMA model. This study will provide the estimates of suitable ARIMA model (0,1,2) along with Autocorrelation function (ACF) & Partial autocorrelation function (PACF) from the selected data, The auxiliary source information shows the positive patterns for getting effectiveness, For quantitative examination and speculation selections of financial backers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present work we study the STEM researchers' plans, motivation, and opinions about the post-pandemic work and challenges. We gathered data from 34 STEM researchers in India, among them the 88% of the researchers agree that the pandemic has impacted their research work. The data was taken through online survey with both Likert-type and open-ended questions. The results show that 61.8% of the researchers have already planned their research activities for the post-pandemic times. Only 20.6% believe that they will have great opportunities, while 50% have no doubts/hesitation of doing research. 79.4% of the researchers believe that it would be arduous to perform researchers in the post-pandemic era. 24.2% are motivated to perform STEM researchers and 12.9% researchers are not motivated for the post-pandemic era. This paper also discusses in detail the perception of STEM researchers about the challenges in post-pandemic research works. The female STEM researchers were found to have less planning, more difficulty perception and more doubts about the post-pandemic researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Deforestation is a huge problem. The World Economic Forum Says that its "one of the greatest challenges facing humanity." According to them, it could translate into Disastrous climate change, loss of species, significantly affect Human and natural habitats with leading to a pandemic like situations. According to the Global forest watch from 2002 to 2020, in India lost about around 350 kha of humid forest, contributing 90% of its total cover tree reduction at the same years. Planting more and more trees will help in reforestation and technology will play a vital part. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) used in various applications. This paper demonstrates the design and fabrication of a semi-autonomous drone that can be used to disperse seedballs for reforestation purpose. In order to reduce plantation time, seedballs were dispersed in the field with the help of seed dispenser mechanism, which specially developed and integrated with the quadcopter drones. The drone consists of a GPS system which is interfaced to the DJI Naza flight controller. The flow rate of the dispersed seedballs is controlled by Servomotor. This drone is tested in a manually. And it will help to increase reforestation in the fight of climate change'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the depletion of fossil fuels around the world and the renewable energy sources becomes distinct, energy harvesting becomes prominent alternative for the continual rise of the energy demand. Mankind has necessitated and handed down the energy at an increasing rate for the surface and well-being since time-honoured. Because of this researchers have shown that the energy harvesting from the human locomotion is more significant and predominant for highly populated countries like India and china where the temples, railway station etc are overcrowded all times unending, So that we can powering up the low power applications such as lights small home appliances etc with the human steps. This paper presents energy harvesting methods by human steps which uses the piezoelectric transducers as key elements. When the shoes are contrived with piezoelectric technology, the electrical energy produced by the pressure is captured by sensors in shoes and converted to an electrical charge by piezo - transducers,and then stored in batteries later can be used as a power source. Moreover this power sources has many applications such as powering up the street lights, home appliances applications and as energy source of sensors in remote areas. Converting the weight energy to electrical energy is the idea behind the generating the electricity in this article. The shoes which are engendering the power have in a view to interpret the kinetic energy to the electrical energy power as we all know that Energy crisis is the main concern of the world present days. The prime intention of of this research work is to handle this calamity somehow. Even Though it may not meet the demands of electricity but as a matter of fact,However with in 12 steps it is possible to design a power generating floor that can put together 100W. And for 120 steps it is possible to put together 1000watt. And if we install such type of 100 floors with this system then it can produce 1 MegaWatt,Which itself is an procurement to make it noteworthy. Instead of power generating floor, we arranged sensor in shoe sole and the electricity generated is 1.2 v. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Neem tree is a cabinet of medicine. Every part of this tree is beneficial for human health, they don't need a lot of water, can maintain their biomass during drought conditions, therefore it is usually found in the tropical and semi-tropical regions. It has been known from ancient times and being called a divine tree with a giving nature. In India where water is scarce, we can find those evergreen, shade-giving neem trees in those regions. Every part of the neem trees contains a lot of phytochemicals whether we take into account its seed, fruit, flower, bark, stems and, leaves. The seeds of the neem tree contain a lot of phytochemicals one of them is azadirachtin, (tetranortriterpenoid) which is the most active phytochemical used to inhibit the growth of insects, hence it is the main acting compound in many pesticides that are used for healthy growth of the plant. Recently the silver nanoparticle was developed using acidified neem sawdust, and nanoparticle of titanium dioxide using neem leaf extract and we know nanoparticles are being used in so many areas including medicine where they are used to deliver drugs or other substances to a cancer cell being specific, they don't affect the healthy cell. This is one of the most advanced applications of Azadirachta-indica in medicine there is a lot more that have been used since ancient times like flowers and leaves used in the cooking and safekeeping of stored rice, twigs instead of toothbrush and gargle. Other parts are also used in different medical conditions like to treat malaria, some skin diseases, fungal infections, inflammation diabetes, as an analgesic or antioxidant. Azadirachta-indica from the family of Meliaceae has a lot of medicinal uses which have been discussed below in this review paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As we as a whole know utilization of plastic covers, chocolates, apportion packs, freeze bottles, covering of betel nuts, what not different types of plastics are unavoidable, simultaneously they make extensive ecological and financial issues to arrange. They eat up monstrous energy and other common assets additionally reduce the climate differently. In fabricating firms, Manufacturing enterprises, and an item conveyance administration, utilization of plastic is a priority to deal with and pack things calmly because of its lightweight, cost adequacy, and strength. Plastics can't be prohibited as they will bring about the use of normal assets like paper, wood to an incredible degree. Consequently, the removal of waste plastic is hurtful and turns into a genuine issue worldwide because of its non-biodegradability. The utilization of waste plastic covers in bituminous blends has demonstrated that this improves the properties of blend notwithstanding taking care of removal issues. Plastic streets would be a preferred position for India's hot, what's more, terribly sticky environment, where temperatures consistently cross 50°C and substantial downpours make debacles, leaving the lion's share of the streets with large potholes. Subsequently in my paper, I reiterate the examination work which is done to use plastic covers in street development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For many years, the cases of small children accidentally falling into the uncovered borewell are not unheard of in India. In order to rescue the child, generally, parallel digging is done that becomes more challenging when they have to cut through the rocky soil. Rescue teams also try to tie the hands of the child and pull him out which may cause severe injuries to the child when the pulling force is very high. So, as an alternative to this approach, this paper shows the development of a robotic arm that can be used to handcuff the child and stop him from slipping further. A fork is inserted safely from top of the child and create space to go below him for further rescue operation by using an air- inflated bellow. This will provide thrust for lifting up the child. Also, the use of additional devices like focusing camera and LED light will allow the team to observe the rescue activity keenly. In the first half of this paper, the various forces and torque calculations that are used in actuator selection for the robotic arm are studied. Later, the complete assembly of the developed robotic arm is presented in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Defence Expenditure is one of the major areas of expenditure for any country's financial budget, which in turn directly affects the overall economic development of the nation because any nation at war will be spending less for the development in contrast to the defence expenditure. The amount allocated to the defence expenditure is computed after consideration of a lot of constraints. In this paper we have showed that the amount allocated in Defence Expenditure is directly affected by the Trade Deficit of the country. For the purpose of analysis, we have used several techniques such as correlation, linear regression, and cross-validation to show the impact that Trade Deficit has on the Defence Expenditure of India. The data collected for this study was secondary data. This paper further helps to know about which factor of the Trade Deficit, such as Inflation, Foreign Exchange Rate, Forex Reserve & Social Sector Expenditure has the most significant impact on determining the Defence Expenditure of India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sentiment analysis is a method of discovery of insights from the texts or comments or feedbacks from underlying a document (opinion mining). This can also be seen as a perspective, a decision or feedbacks on a particular subject matter. The analysis can be done using polarity detection which is a popular technique to devise and segregate information or data as positive, negative or neutral sentiments obtained from different content systems, such as news, audits and tweets. To forecast the results of the recent US presidential elections, this paper aims to operate on data derived from Twitter. The data is available on https://github.com/dhruvsharma2351996/US%5fElection%5fPrediction%5fdata. In the field of politics, where political institutions need to grasp public opinion and therefore evaluate their campaigning strategy, the reasoning behind performing this research isthat the prediction will also help to know that which party has more favorable views and will help to predict future early. US presidential elections will have a major impact on India and by this research paper we will also study the major it will have on Indian economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reviews about the helical turbines and their efficiency on operation and their specifications. This paper also explains about eco-friendly specification of hydrokinetic turbines compared to conventional hydraulic turbines. And also provides the information on fish injuries and mortality. Gorlov turbine shows that it's suitable for tidal, oceans, reservoirs, canals, etc., for electricity production and Lucid spherical turbine is much suitable to urban areas where the transportation of water takes place pipelines. Government of India takes serious steps to reduce the greenhouse effect they're by contributing eco-friendly environment to global. Government of India initiated many hydro projects and capable of producing electricity in Tera watts (TW). As SHP is the least producer of greenhouse effect India is promoting SHP projects and supports private and government sectors. For the development of clean environment usage of hydrokinetic turbines across India meets the requirement and target in producing clean hydro energy. These hydrokinetic plants are suitable for Indian location as of in many Indian location runs water scarcity at dry conditions, hydropower plants tend to be shut down, so as the hydrokinetic turbines can run at low head levels and can be able to produce constant output. These hydrokinetic turbines can be constructed near rural areas to provide electricity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digitalization has led to enormous changes that are to be adopted by each individual person in this millennium world. One such transformational change adopted by individual is the usage of mobile wallets or e-wallets which has become a mode of payment for financial transactions. The initiative undertaken by the government of India is also one of the reasons for this major change. Digital payments or mobile payments have been the most substantial reforms in financial sector. This paper aims to understand the convention of e-wallet by individual for their financial payments. The paper also aims in analyzing the profitability made by the digital payment app companies during the current pandemic situation with regard to factors like inflation, GDP etc. In order to conduct the study the researchers have carried out a primary study using questionnaire consisting of 100 respondents and also have collected secondary data from various sources for the purpose of testing hypothesis. From the research done it was found that majority of the respondents have transformed to use digital wallets as a payment tool and that it has some spike relationship with the current pandemic situation with the help of various sources and analysis it is also found that the profitability of the companies has increased to a certain extend due to increase in usage of digital payments by individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agricultural producer organization is a tool for enhancing the farmers' income, market participation, reducing transaction cost, and to commercialize the Agri output. The main focus of this paper is to systematically review the existing literature and thematically analyze the publications on the Farmer Producer Organizations across the globe. This paper considered the Scopus database from with Boolean keyword "Farmer" AND "Producer organization" and identified 1654 abstracts from which 234 articles were shortlisted after inclusion and an exclusion criterion from top International Journals. Of this only 15 articles were related to India. The study found that research on farmer producer organizations has geared up from the past 3 years with Elsevier having the highest number of Ethiopia had more number of studies and 14 themes were generated based on FPO. Overall, the study found that the research on the farmer producer organization is gradually increasing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to investigate analytically the non-linear structure and extent of complexity and chaos in public and private sector Bank Stocks as well as the indices: NIFTY and Bank NIFTY in India. In this paper, analysis of the time series was performed using the Wolf algorithm along with optimization using FET and BASGEN algorithms for numerical evaluation of the largest positive Lyapunov exponent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic discovered in 2019 was caused through Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). It is spreading rapidly as a communicable disease which has been declared as a pandemic by WHO. This virus was firstly reported in people of China who were associated with the Huanan seafood wholesale market of Wuhan. COVID-19 pandemic has challenged the lives of millions of people in India butdiabetic patients are at high risk of hospitalization and mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic. So, they need to deal effectively with the difficulty of its treatment as diabetes acts as a risk factor for the severity of this disease. This paper presents a statistical analysis of the information given by 125 diabetic patients in India. The effect of this information was determined through analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS. Further, a bibliometric analysis of 51 Indian publications indexed in Scopus related to diabetic patients having COVID-19 was also conducted. The aim of this paper is to briefly study the effect of coronavirus on diabetic people as well as to study the recent research trends of present researches togive a better knowledge of COVID-19 in diabetic patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is an increasing trend in Building Information Modelling (BIM) implementation worldwide. However, its implementation in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry in India is low. This paper aims to identify the critical factors to BIM implementation and their underlying relationships. First, 19 potential factors to BIM implementation were identified using literature review and verified by interviews with AEC professionals. Then, a questionnaire survey was sent to AEC practitioners in India to rate the importance of these factors. The mean score, standard deviation, and the normalized value method were employed to identify the critical factors. ANOVA test was performed to reveal any significant difference in the factors' criticality. Factor analysis was then used to reveal the underlying relationships between the factors. The results indicate that 13 factors are critical to BIM implementation in India. Also, there are consistent views among the respondents towards the critical factors to BIM implementation. In addition, 17 out of 19 factors to BIM implementation can be grouped into two major components: (a) environment, legal, and resources; and (b) organizational. Therefore, stakeholders should address these two components and commit resources to increase the BIM implementation rate in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Time series forecasting is a decisive step in data modeling and a significant area in machine learning. This paper presents Long short-term memory (LSTM) network, a deep learning neural network for predicting Covid-19 cases in India. The neural network models are trained and tested with Covid-19 case data sets obtained from PRS Legislative Research database. Further, the parameter optimization is carried out for choosing the optimal network. The parameters considered for evaluating the performance of LSTM network are RMSE, number of epochs, accuracy and loss. The results are compared with various recurrent neural network models and autoregressive model. The results revealed an improved accuracy of 92.8% for LSTM network in predicting the transmission of Covid-19 in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of automobiles in today's life is quite irreplaceable. A two-wheeler is a vehicle that is self-equipped for impelling itself. For the seventeenth century, a few endeavors have been made to plan and build employable two-wheelers. The number of these two-wheelers is increasing dramatically in non-industrial nations like India because those are accessible at reasonable expense, simple and comfortable for brief distance drive. It has been observed very commonly that the two-wheeler riders neglect or forget to lift the side stand before beginning the ride either in criticalness or rush. This has become a major reason for the huge number of mishaps or accidents for bikes nowadays. Along these lines, there is a need to concentrate on this issue and to take sufficient necessary correction by integrating a specific component that can lift the side stand automatically without the riders' efforts before the ride begins. Our venture centers around devising a mechanism that would provide complete safety to bikers and lessen the chance of accidents occurring due to failing in using a side stand in appropriate situations. This paper details the complete design, fabrication, and reliability study of automatic retrieval of a two-wheeler side stand using some electronics components like a servo motor, motor drive, and an Arduino Uno microcontroller board. The device was fabricated under the motorcycle specification in India and works appropriately as intended. The proposed mechanism is supposed to be compatible with all types of gear-driven two-wheelers with very minimal expense. The plan we are proposing here will bring about a substantial difference in curbing one of the very obvious mishaps which are occurring because of the non-collapsing of the motorcycle stand. On account of the traditional motorcycles, the side stand ought to be collapsed physically. Tragically, it won't work at the earnest times since people generally ignore lifting off the stand at rush times. While taking a profound bend or any obstructions coming on the way, certainly there is a most extreme possibility to meet with a mishap. So, to stay away from this mishap, we tracked down a better approach to operate the side stand more naturally and appropriately. Our plan began with a very simple yet effective system that can be applied to both industries and the public. The working principle of the above-mentioned system is that when the rider changes the gear from neutral to first to begin the ride, the side stand consequently gets released from the grounded position by utilizing aservo motor, motor driver, and Arduino. A physical model was prepared to test this plan and it was observed that the component worked greatly on the model as per the expectation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of nations is mostly dependent on the urbanization of the country. In upcoming years India aims to become more and more urbanized as it plays a commanding role in the economic growth of the country. As a part of urbanization, the demand for automobiles is increasing rapidly and accordingly good road conditions become a prime need to be developed meticulously. India is paying more attention to such reforms. India haslarge road networks in rural and urban areasincluding state and national highways.They serve as the arterial network across the country. However, owing to these developments the accidental rate and fatal rate of India is remarkably high. With a huge network of roads and a higher population ratio, the frequency of accidents compared to other countries is a major problem in India. The road accidents statistics showings some serious figures and it'sa very challenging task to avoid these accidents. Although there are extensive efforts by the researchers like automatic emergency braking system. It has reduced road accidents considerably in China1. Some manufacturers are using the antilock braking system. It's proving helpful for drivers. In India, the growth in the population is significantly noted, which will lead to one of the measure causes of pedestrian accidents. So this paper mainly focuses on the need for an innovative braking system to avoid and reduce accidents to some extent referring to road statistics and population growth, urbanization, and reasons for accidents in the Indian scenario. The integration of ABS with emergency brake assistance could be more suitable and helpful for Indian road conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Until 1824, lime led the role in masonry structures as a binding agent but with the advent of cement, lime lost its popularity. Cement was opted for in this space age because of its quick setting properties compared to lime. However, lime has its own advantage of being less brittle. Lime helps to reduce moisture and improve the environment of the home. The production of lime does not cause global warming like cement. Lime can be manufactured on a small scale. Nature can provide materials that are more durable than man-made materials and processes that use less energy without harming the environment Lime prepared from limestone is harmful to the environment whereas lime prepared from seashells are a boon to the construction industry and sustains the environment. Seafood is common in the coastal region. As seashells are biodegradable it is appropriate to dispose them by landfilling. But the excavation of a vast ditch is tiresome and expensive for shell farmers. So, by adopting the process of producing lime from seashells, the landfilling of seashells can be reduced. Hence in this paper we will study the scope of producing lime based bricks (shellcrete), tiles, mortar etc. from seashells in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, in our country earthquake has shown an increase in seismic zoning factor over various parts. India is divided into 4 seismic zones that are seismic zones 2,3,4 and 5, which covers over 60% of total land area. So, it has become very important to decide seismic reactions over structures in these particular risky zones. This review shows different research that has been carried out on this topic to get an overall idea where we stand currently and what more we can do. Comparison of result is done with respect to different parameters like displacement, storey drift, bending moment etc. Authors have used different types of methodologies and modern-day techniques like Response spectrum analysis and Equivalent static method to analyze a good range of structures and their seismicity. This review paper focuses on comparing manual calculations with a long range of advanced designing software data to finally get the optimum conclusion in the field of seismic analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent research projects have highlighted the advantages of combining Lean construction (LC) and Building Information Modelling (BIM). However, the impact of integrating these approaches into offsite house construction procedures has not been addressed in the India. According to the survey, the barriers are being analysed, as well as BIM tool and lean approach is strong in offsite housing construction. The main objective of this paper is finding the suitable BIM tools, Lean techniques and barriers in the offsite housing construction for this purpose the detailed questionnaire survey has been prepared. A total of 80 responses has been collected from the contractors and project managers who has experience in offsite construction. This report combines a literature review and questioner survey, the analysis has been done by using mean method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ecosystem has been affected adversely in the 20thcentury. Global warming is a threat to mankind. To meet patients' needs healthcare facilities consume resources intensively and contribute to the carbon footprint. Adoption of sustainable measures will reduce their carbon footprint and aid to reduce the negative impact on the environment. HCO employing sustainable measures can gradually reduce its negative impacts. This paper discusses how the current HCO shifted from being resource-intensive to an environmentally friendly setup. The transition from conventional healthcare setups to green healthcare will benefit in multiple areas. Overall, such green healthcare setups will have multiple benefits. Such initiatives will increase overall efficiency, significant financial benefits, and a healthy environment for the staff, patients, and society. This study can assist hospital and care system leaders in determining their organization's route to sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A smart city depends on a good manhole monitoring system. Water plays a vital role in our day today life. As most of the cities in India have adopted underground drainage system, it is very important that this system should work in a proper manner to keep the city clean, safe and healthy. If they fail to maintain the drainage system the pure water may get contaminated with drainage water and can result in spread of many infectious diseases. This paper exemplifies the design and implementation of a manhole monitoring system for IOT applications. The proposed model benefits the public to monitor the water level, blockage in the manhole and in addition to determine the level of harmful gases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Indian subcontinent has probably the most elevated pace of oral malignant growth on the planet. 65% of all malignant growth in men and 33% of all diseases in ladies are tobacco related. It is assessed that approximately 1,000,000 individuals die because of tobacco related illnesses in India every year. It is essential that numerous oral squamous cell carcinomas transform from conceivably harmful issues such as oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). Zingiber officinale has been used since long for their mitigating properties, notwithstanding and has been used to treat inflammation as it inhibits cyclooxygenase. There is data in regards to the distinguishing proof of gingerol-related mixtures that have mitigating movement through the particular hindrance of COX-2. Our main objective was to formulate a cellulose based muccoadhesive films impregnated with small dose of zingibain for management of OPMDs to guarantee prolonged retention of the medicament on to the oral mucosa for better treatment outcome. The mucoadhesive buccal patch would not only retain the medicament for a longer period, but will also act as a muco-protective barrier for faster wound healing. The present paper would be describing the potential application of Zingibain containing mucoadhesive buccal patch for an effective non-surgical management of OPMDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]