Search

If previously there were only writings on paper, now it is possible that these writings take an electronic form which has been accepted by the legislator as a means of proof in the same way as writing on paper. However, this could only be possible if certain conditions, linked mainly to the authenticity of the writing, its reliability, and its integrity, are met. Thus, it is now conceivable that a conflict will arise between the written evidence: evidence written on paper and written in electronic form.A conflict that could create difficulties to the judge in his work of comparison between these two means to prevail over one another. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have tried, through this research paper, to define the theoretical definition of Islamic banking, its products and conditions for its practice. After familiarizing with the theoretical aspect of it, we tried to give a picture of the reality of the adoption of Islamic banking in Algeria, which is governed by the bank of Algeria regulation No. 02-2020.The study concluded that the inclusion of Islamic banking in the legislative framework of the delay in its issuance. However, he encouraged the generalization of the adoption of Islamic banking within banks, by allowing traditional banks to open windows Islamic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on Venuti’s (1995) methods, this paper will firstly study the micro strategies employed by the translator in the translation of sociocultural elements of “The French Perfume” to identify Venuti’s most used method according to Anne Schjoldager’s (2008) taxonomy as well as revealing the possible reasons behind translator’s choices. A selected corpus will be comparatively analyzed aiming to reveal the difficulties that faced the translator.The paper concluded that all foreignized cases were due to the nonexistence of direct counterparts. The results confirmed that the closer the distance the greater possibility of domestication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper, under the heading: Literary Discourse in the Light of the Pragmatic Approach, addresses the question of receiving literary discourse with the support of the procedural programs of the pragmatic course, since it is a contemporary critical theory sorted out by linguistic studies, the semiotic ones in particular. It seeks to decipher the literary text through the lens of the pragmatic standards that takes over studying the discourse in its factual context, not in its lexical domain or grammatical structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of organizational culture reached its peak in the 1970s and 1980s, which is how many research teams was mobilized to study it, given its role in the success of the company. However, the emergence of new concepts made some interpret it as a fading of organizational culture. Nevertheless, the globalization will restore the concept’s importance. This paper attempts to provide a sociological reading the organizational culture in the Algerian economic company, the possibilities of its creation and the issues to be taken into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We aim through this research paper to analyze the nature of universality and to scrutinize the mechanisms of its operation at the cosmic level. We invite the human to establish a cosmic civilization that connects us all. This work includes four brief sections on the experience of the world in its philosophical dimensions. We are going to deal with three very important personalities: “Kant” and his cosmopolitanism, Communicative Action of “Habermas" and the experience of cosmic health of ”Judith Butler”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The education sector is one of the sectors most affected by the Corona pandemic, and perhaps the educational loss represents the most prominent and purest forms of this damage and its consequences, leading to proposing solutions and proposing appropriate methods and methods of treatment and rectification in all academic subjects; Especially in the basics. In the same endeavor, I will take my research paper - browsing and examining - the educational loss in the Arabic language in the basic stage, which is the stage of primary education, because the Arabic language represents the key to learning, its first means, and one of its supreme goals, as well as considering its position and its great importance in achieving all its features. coursework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to investigate, analyze and describe the educational learning process from the perspective of the picks that can create a more conducive climate for the student's innovation, creativity and excellence in all cycles of education in the Algerian learning institutions. This is to be done by shedding light on the natural qualifications of the student and ways of promoting and developing them within the learning environment, and the nature of the features that would lead the student to construct his own thoughts and to make his creativity presence felt on the educational scene ("stage" can also be used here). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper tends to shed light on the effects of globalization on translation for its pretty relationship with thinking and interpretation processes. Hence; some linguistic phenomena do not accept the pretty known procedure of translation; like religious texts such as Holy Hadith that still recognizes some problems related to its exact and correct translation, based on its explanation and interpretation depending on its context. Hereafter, this paper investigates the difference between explanation and interpretation of Holy Hadith, the way context affects on its understanding, and the correct translation strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper focuses on the formula of decreased participation leading to ownership as one of the emerging contracts in Islamic jurisprudence, which is one of the investment methods developed by Islamic banking institutions that can contribute to the financing, investment and development of waqf-based properties. In this research, we identify the reality of decreasing participation, its rules and legal ruling, and the possibility of applying them to the development of the Algerian Awqaf on the grounds that Algeria possesses a significant number of Waqf properties, but most of them are not exploited in the right way, which prevents them from playing their full economic role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Algeria, like the most countries of the world, made a lot of efforts to raise the standard of living of the population, and this by adopting development programs for which huge financial allocations were made. This research paper aims to study the extent of the impact of these programs on the reality of sustainable development in Algeria, and we have reached the conclusion that those plans during the period (2005-2019) have achieved many results on the economic and social level, but they failed to achieve all dimensions that achieve optimal exploitation resources to ensure their survival for future generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the financial inclusion (FI) and the reforms of the Algerian banking system, as well as the possibility of adopting (FI) as a mechanism for its rehabilitation, by analyzing the most important indicators to measure supply and demand on financial and banking products, in order to discover the reality of (FI) in Algeria and its constraints. It also addressed the policies adopted and the measures taken by the bodies concerned to improve the (FI) level. The study concluded that the relationship between (FI) and the performance of the Algerian banking system is a direct and reciprocal correlation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to explain the role of the financial policy in achieving economic stability, through this paper the method of Auto Regressive Distributed Lags models ARDL(p,q1,q2) was applied to build an econometric model for the impact of public expenditure on economic growth in Algeria. The results of the empirical study on the case of Algeria showed that public expenditure contribute to accelerate the rate of economic growth, and that it has a negative impact in the short and long term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The four translations criticized in this paper were done between two different legal systems, namely from Civil Law into Common Law. The aim of the paper is to scrutinize the challenges and risks hampering the rendition of the terms of accessory in rem securities into English. The paper shows how complex and congruent the concepts of accessory in rem securities are between these two systems, and that the translations either supply a partially functional equivalent, or strive to come up with equivalents that do not efficiently convey the notion of the term, or furnish a readily linguistic meaning of the term to the detriment of its legal meaning [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Computerized dictionaries are based on the heritage of Arab linguistic lexicon; therefore, words should be computerized by mathematical operations, especially by combinatorial analysis on the level of the bibliography, indexes and the office work. In this paper, we will perform a statistical analysis and programming of words that can be created from letters of the Arabic language, based on the alphabet, their frequency and their combinatory aspect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the activation of the internal control system through business ethics of employees in the firms. In order to answer the research questions. A questionnaire has been designed and distributed on the study society, which consists organizations operating in Ouargla and Oum Elbouaghi. SPSS was used to analyze the data and test the hypotheses. The study results show that there is a high sense about the principals of business ethic of employees to enforcement of internal control system, Therefore, it is necessary to develop awareness and training programs to improve business ethics of employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper seeks to highlight the role of Algerian small and medium-sized food industries in promoting economic growth and food security by addressing the theoretical framework of food industries and security at first stage, then highlighting the reality of these industries in Algeria to assess their contribution to the creation of value added, as well as their contribution to total exports, in order to try to propose recommendations to increase their contribution to growth rates and achieve food security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper shows the effect exerted by governmental role through both the regular taxation on the one hand and non-tax revenues on the other hand, on the growth sector outside the oil in Algeria, as well as the growing role of the regular taxation, especially with the collapse of oil prices, and the establishment of regular taxation instead of oil taxation. The results showed the weakness of the regression using Least Squares between variables, which led us to estimate using ARDL, and this, by using a regression between growth outside oil sector and regular taxation and non-tax revenues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper aims at studying the impact of the development of tourism investment on the economic growth in Algeria on both short- and long-term, using the Granger causality test (1969) and the cointegration test of Soren Johansen (1988). This study has concluded that the growth of tourism investment in Algeria during the period 1993-2016 was modest, on the one hand,as well as the absence of any impact of tourism investment on the economic growth in Algeria in the short- and long-term, on the other hand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This piece of work is about sampling in Media Studies, particularly in Audience Surveys. It deals with one of the main tools of surveys based on a large media audience in order to prevent researchers to include all the members of the searched population. So the researchers use the sampling technique where a limited number of units are selected to represent the characteristics of all the members of the audience in accordance with the objectives of the study. The researchers must consider the scientific conditions in selecting samples; this is what this paper is trying to explain in providing illustrative examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Both prosaic and poetic texts and abbreviations are a prominent phenomenon in the AraboIslamic ideology, generally seen in the Islamic Sciences, such as: jurisprudence, laws of inheritance, origins of law and prophetic tradition centuries ago. The Arabic grammar has been written in those texts and abbreviations, too. My present paper aims at discovering the linguistic and pedagogical dimensions which were the basis of those grammatical abbreviations. For that, we give an analytical reading in the book of talqiynalmutaealim min alnahw by abnqatiba which belongs to prosaic grammatical abbreviations and in mulihatal'iierab byalhariri which is a didactic poetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to draw attention to knowledge management as a strategy adopted by Sonatrach hydrocarbon Group of Skikda, and determine the extent to which knowledge management operations have been applied. In order to achieve this aim, we have explored the views of 140 top managers in 7 unities of the Sonatrach company through a questionnaire. The number of distributed questionnaires reached 110 of which 77 were retrieved. The study used the descriptive and inferential statistical analysis to describe and analyse its data, and to test its hypothesis using SPSS. The results indicated that the degree of using knowledge management processes is high (3,43), and that the variables related to the sample have a statistically significant effect on the application of knowledge management processess in the company. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Banks can edict counter guarantee engagements on the occasion of implementing foreign commerce contracts. These engagements are considered to be among the effective banking techniques to provide security to beneficiaries and to facilitate capital movements between individuals and institutions in many countries. The edition of the aforementioned engagements is carried out by the intervention of an accredited mediating bank to counter the engagement guarantee edited from another bank. This paper is an attempt to approach questions related to the legal basis of the obligations of the two banks, the modalities of implementing these obligations which can take multiple forms and the responsibility of each party. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the training as crucial theme in human resources development which is considered as one of its most important aspects in the company, as its efficient role is to increase knowledge, skills, improvement of performances and perspectives. However, the success of any company relies on the competence of its human resources, it should establish its policy according to this principle, this is why efficient training and looking for efficient means should be taken into account to implement this task, Consequently, it will be possible to develop the individual and to prepare him to accomplish his current and future tasks as well as to implement company targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper treats the ancient city of Constantine to identify the elements and forms of built heritage in Arab-Muslim city through historical monuments and constructions reflecting the creative abilities of the technical, organizational, and cultural dimensions, to bequeath to future generations. The city is experiencing a regression of the built environment and the quality of urban life, due to natural and human factors. What are the characteristics of the ancient city? How can we protect it in the context of sustainable development? Can we conciliate the past with the present to explore the future? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper tends to shed light on a prominent phenomenon, that is the abundance of religious texts in the poems of Mahmoud Darwish who is often inspired by Quran, and by The Bible, in particular.We prefer to focus on the collection “(why Do You Leave The Horse Alone?),using the intertextual approach to trace the presence of religious texts in his poems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we firstly present the principles and premises of the cultural criticism theory. We also present the history of this term, starting with the first Western theorists, mainly Habermas, Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno, who are German criticizers of the Frankfurt School and who had a head start in this area. Then, we discuss the Edward Said’s efforts in the implementation of this theory’s basic concepts. Finally we introduce, using poetic and romantic examples, the terminology system of cultural criticism as well as its various basic foundations and critical concepts, such as implied systems and cultural sign. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Informational discourse is a true example of visual and written cultural representation. It expresses the set of perceptions and meanings in the society throughout the language which is a representative mediator. This broad discourse is open to different interpretations, and based on a set of concepts in language, politics, law … etc. To deal with this type of discourse, this paper opts for the cognitive sciences as a methodological approach to investigate some quotations in the interpretation of the cognitive sciences because they constitute a new scientific field based on the interdisciplinarity and the use of concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes research within a large Algerian industrial undertaking with the view of identifying its culture profiles. Data were gathered from a sample of managers using the culture measurement tool called OCAI. The findings show that the case organisation was currently dominated by market and hierarchy cultures. Clan and Adhocracy cultures have comparatively less consideration. In the future, respondents hope to see added emphasis put on the hierarchy and clan cultures. This indicates a misalignment between what the managers thought was needed and what they perceived to exist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to examine the possibility of applying the demarketing strategy to rationalize water consumption. To address this issue, an empirical study was conducted with a sample of families in Batna to test the impact between the two variables. Data were collected from a sample- offs estimated at 300 single. 258 questionnaires were recovered valid for statistical analysis. The study used descriptive and inferential statistical methods to interpret the data and test the hypothesis. The Results Showed a weak positive correlation between the study variables, which is reflected on the impact of the two variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A strong bound was born between information and security, considering them two indispensable fronts. In the Prehistoric era, the scream of a primitive man in the jungle would sometimes carry a warning information alerting with it a danger threatening the security and safety of the individual or the group. Throughout centuries, matters have changed for the two fronts; Security no longer equated protection from sudden attacks by the enemies or even the monsters of the jungle, rather, it turned into theories and complex issues, the information is no longer just an indication on matters being expressed by a scream, instead it started from its traditional deposits from inside papers, books, manuscripts, movies, microfilms, carvings on the rocks, the temples walls and people’s minds, it took for itself a typical unified digital format, and took out of it limitless dimensions and strategic bets in a digital environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study deals with Languages for Specific Purposes (LSP). It aims to spot the gaps and problems that hinder the formulation of a specialized scientific discourse in Arabic based on reality and usage, free from any domination of specific terms literality and structures of foreign languages. The use of specialized terms, within Arabic scientific texts, caused many problems that have negatively influenced the communicative function, and led researchers to resort to foreign languages instead of Arabic. In this paper, we suggest some solutions to these problems in order to reach an exact, adequate and coherent reformulation for an Arabic scientific discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Development, as a process, has become more and more complex in Algeria. As part of development management, it requires methods and techniques to be established so that they can allow it to manage its needs in a rational way. The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of building up a national economic information system as a strategy and to make sure that new statistical methods and information technology are mastered. This can be achieved when you balance development needs and the different ways of their implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In keeping with the paradigm of sustainability which has become one of the foundations on which countries build and implement their strategic orientations, and with the depletion of fossil fuels and the rising of international tensions due to increased competition to ensure energy supply, voices were raised to request the adoption of political reforms for a rational and durable management of the energy sector in order to meet the challenges of energy security and sustainable development. In this context, the present paper aims to determine the characteristics of the current energy situation in the Arab countries and the level of sustainability through some indicators and to present the programs of renewable energy and energy efficiency in Algeria while highlighting their effectiveness in the achievement of sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the growing importance of cognitive creativity in terms of its positive multidimensional impacts on the individual and the community and taking into account the lessons of the results of international experiences, it seems clear that there is a need of building development plans around creativity. This paper presents the reality of cognitive creativity at the University of Batna through various indicators such as scientific research, the number of researchers, scientific laboratories, areas of interest and finally, the volume of scientific publication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article addresses sexual deviation in that it is considered as a social scourge. Immoral practices are behind the collapse of moral values. Finding answers to that issue is the aim of this paper based on an in-depth study referring to religious precepts and ethics taking into account all social partners who can help in reducing the danger of sexual perversion. An appropriate prevention program is therefore essential in order to address this issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we discuss hermeneutics and its radical development from Plato and Aristotle to modern philosophers such as Dilthey, Schleiermacher and Gadamer whose theory represents the basis of this work. His hermeneutical theory is considered revolutionary in the field of criticism and philosophy, particularly in regard of the use of previous knowledge. He summarized his critical system in the three circles of hermeneutics: aesthetics, history and linguistics. Gadamer also stressed the need to determine the aesthetic and historical positions from the text. We also discuss the efforts of the Frankfurt School and its role in this context. Finally, we concluded these quotes and theoretical concepts by two practical models, one from the poetic heritage, the other taken from a contemporary novel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]