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with expansion of rural empty nesters, endowment of empty nesters has become a hot spot of the society. By means of questionnaire survey and interview, this paper analyzed basic situations of empty nesters in Tulu Viilage of Hunchun City in Jilin Province, including economic level, physical health, life care, and spirit situations. Next, it discussed major problems in endowment problem of empty nesters, including limited economic support, unoptimistic physical health, low ability of life care, and feeling of loneliness. Finely, it came up with pertinent recommendations on the basis of the analysis, including strengthening family endowment ability and improving socialized endowment service, strengthening practical living ability, improving life care ability with family endowment as primary and community endowment as auxiliary part, and expanding amusement and recreation ways of empty nesters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper collected and arranged competitive scientific research projects undertaken by Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences in 2003-2014. Through statistica analysis on quantity of projects, funded amount, age of person responsible, professional title of person responsible, academic degree of person responsible, research object, it discussed relevant characteristics and rules. Finally, it came up with pertinent measures and recommendations, in the hope of providing services for decision-making and scientific and technological manaement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper made an overview and introduction of urban PM2.5 numerical forecast models in China, and mainly introduced air quality simulated forecast system of Beijing, Shanghai, and Nanjing. On this basis, it discussed development direction and existing problems of urban PM2.5 forecast models in China. Besides, it revealed significance of numerical models for air quality forecast. In a heavy air poUution of Beijing - Tianjin - Hebei in October 6 - 12 th of 2014, the forecast results indicated that poUutants was transported from south to north, so the regional transport exerts great influence on concentration of PM2.5. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To make clear the relation between urbanization and growth of rural resident consumption in western ethnic minority areas of China, this paper selected cross-sectional area of 12 provinces (cities) in western ethnic minority areas in 2005 - 2013 and made an empirical analysis through building panel data of influence of urbanization on rural resident consumption. Results indicate that there is positive correlation between urbanization and rural resident consumption growth in western ethnic minority areas. Urbanization increases income level of rural residents, strengthens demonstration effect of urban residents on rural resident consumption, and accordingly promotes rural resident consumption growth in western ethnic minority areas. Therefore, it is required to accelerate urbanization development, expand channels of increasing farmers' income, improve resident consumption environment, and bring into play promotion function of counties, to drive rural resident consumption growth in western ethnic minority areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China launched the potato staple food strategy in 2015. The potato staple food strategy focuses on increasing potato consumption and promoting potato production through processing and use of potato staple food. This provides new opportunity for development of potato in Zhejiang Province. This paper analyzed development strengths and existing problems of the potato industry in Zhee'iang Province. On this basis, it came up with pertinent recommendations for potato staple food development in Zhejiang Province, so as to guide consumption with nutrition, and guide production with consumption, to provide theoretical foundation for development of potato industry in Zhee'iang Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New-generation migrant workers are the "elite" among migrant workers, and whether they can really adapt to the city is one of the real problems to be urgently solved during China's new urbanization, related to the success of new urbanization construction. From the perspective of livelihood capital, this paper uses the measuring indicators in line with the new-generation migrant workers' livelihood characteristics, to analyze the typical characteristics and causes of new-generation migrant workers' urba adaptation in Jianggan District of Hangzhou City based on field survey data. In the study, it is found that the new-generation migrant workers' urban adaptation characteristics are focused on life adaptation, work adaptation and cultural adaptation, but the adaptation in the three areas is not good and there is a big room for improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of drawbacks in supply chain of China's traditional agricultural products, this paper proposed building supply chain system for modern agricultural products: taking informationization as basis, channel system a core, organization system as support, and service system and safety system as guarantee, to promote high efficient operation of the supply chain system. The channel system stresses alliance and integration of channel system, informationization of channel management, and terminalization of channel operation; the organization system stresses organization, large scale, group, and brand of participant entities; service system stresses construction of service means, service platform, and operation mechanism; safety system stresses building quality safety based agricultural product supply chain management mode. In order to ensure high efficient operat on of supply chain for modern agricultural products, it is required to straighten out supply chain maagement system, act vely cultivate core enterprises of supply chain, strengthen informat on construction of supply chain, select suitable supply chain mode, and improve benefit aHocation mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper firstly introduced policy of photovoltaic agriculture in China. It discussed significance of developing photovoltaic agriculture. Then, it intoduced progress in application of photovoltaic agriculture at both home and abroad. Finally, it pointed out existing problems in photovoltaic agriculture and came up with recommendations for development of photovoltaic agriculture in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper mainly analyzes the application data of patents concerning Hevea brasiliensis in the world and China from the perspectives of time, research field, and the geographical distribution of applicants. It also interprets the patents for invention in China from time, research field, and types of applicants. Based on the study, it shows that although the patent applications fluctuate, the general trend is rising. And the patents are mostly concentrated in plant protection, and agricultural biotechnology. The Chinese applicants of patents for invention largely work in the research institutes, and most of these patents focus on the field of plant protection, agricultural biotechnology, and agro-processing. However, the foreign applicants mainly work in companies, and most of these patents only focus on plant protection. These findings wiil provide a reference for formulating development policies about natural rubber industry in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The disposable income per capita of rural residents in Tibet was 7471 yuan in 2014. There is a high gap with the national average disposable income per capita of rural residents (10489 yuan). Thus, it is urgent to increase income of farmers a d herdsmen in Tibet. On the basis of literature in recent yeas, this paper analyzed methods for increasing income of farmers and herdsmen in Tibet, major factors restricting increase of their income, and approaches for increasing their income. It is expected to provide certain reference for further expading ideas of increase of their income in the new period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of the agricultural mechanization development on the agricultural economy has caught public attention. In this paper, the role of the agricultural mechanization in the agricultural economic development of Chongqing is analyzed with the qualitative and quantitative methods based on econometrics and agricultural engineering theory, and its contribution rate is 30.6%. Moreover, the development of agricultural mechanization of the agricultural economy wiil play a leading role in the 21st century, and wiil change the traditional economic development mode featured by increasing agricultural labor and chemical fertilizer. The quality and quantity of agricultural labor force mastering modern science technology is the key to the development of modern agricultural economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The establishment of China-ASEAN Free Trade Area has promoted the friendly bilateral economic cooperation, and ASEAN ha become one of the largest vegetable export markets for China. Using constant maket share (CMS) model, this paper analyzes the export competitiveness of vegetables from China to ASEAN and the main influencing factors. The results show that competitiveness is the main factor in promoting the export growth of vegetables from China to ASEAN, and compared with demand effect and structure effect, competitiveness effect makes the greatest contribution to export growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using comparative analysis and documentation method, this paper reveals infeasibility of establishing land development rights in China based on the path of real rights, in the hope of providing recommendations for improving the research route on localization of land development rights. Results indicate that at the level of legislative techniques, the land development rights rooted from property right paradigm do not contain possess the elements of object of real rights and conflict with the principle of statutory real rights and single ownership. At the level of legal logic, individual case of TDR conflicts with real right in rem. In conclusion, it is infeasible to introduce land development rights based on the path of real rights. In future, it is required to discard the concept of mechanical transplantation and explore feasible path and seek feasible way for establishing land development rights along with the direction of quasi-property and improving regulation efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking Wangcang County of Sichuan Province a an example, this paper made comprehensive benefit analysis on models of circular agriculture in Wangcang County. Major models include "pig - biogas - fruit", "pig - biogas - vegetable", ad "pig - biogas - tea". It made cost benefit aalysis of economic, social and ecological benefits. Through benefit analysis charts, it obtained that the net present value of each household building biogas pool is 6029 yuan. In this way, it significantly improved ecological environment ad social benefits, and the agricultural economic development model gradually chages to sustainable development model. However, there are stiil problems of insufficient government input and single model of agricultural circular economy. Therefore, government should increase input and develop diversified agricultural circular economical models in accordance with local situations, to realize sustainable agricultural development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to promote the development of agricultural large-scale operation in China, this paper constructs a calculation model for agricultural moderate large-scale operation to estimate moderate operation scale of China's major crops and different agricultural varieties in different regions based on the analysis of present situation of agricultural moderate large-scale operation. The results show that the national average moderate operation area of grain is7.3 ha; the average moderate operation area of vegetable, cotton and apple is 0.61, 21.42 and 0.37 ha, respectively; the average moderate scale of hog and sheep is 388 and 234. 8, respectively. In addition, for diferent varieties of agricultural products, we estimate their moderate scale in diferent provinces. The study provides a scientific basis for speeding up agricultural land transfer and resizing moderate large-scale operation, and sets forth corresponding recommendations on this basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the survey and research of awareness, preferences and purchasing behavior of residents about Korean food and agricultural products in Beijing, Shanghai, Shenyang, Qingdao and Chongqing in 2014, this paper makes a statistical analysis of the influence of consumers' personal characteristics, awareness, buying habits and income on Chinese consumers' identification and purchase of Korean food and agricultural products, and performs an empirical analysis on the purchasing behavior using Tobit model. The results show that consumers' personal characteristics have no significant influence on the purchase of Korean food; consumers' income levels have a significant positive effect on the purchasing amount of Korean food; consumers' location has a significant effect on the purchasing amount; consumers' recognition has a positive effect on consumers' purchasing behavior, but it is not significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper firstly reviewed development process of UPOV Conventions and briefly introduced current situation of protection of new tropica crop varieties in China. Using SWOT approach, it analyzed internal strengths, weaknesses, external opportunities and threats of breeding R&D of tropica crops if implementing UPOV Convention 1991 Act in China. Internal strengths include rich resources, strategic significance of tropical crops, solid crop breeding foundation, ad broad market prospect. Interna weaknesses include insufficient reserve of germplasm resources, weak R&D and protection of new varieties, low market level of breeding R&D entities, unreasonable structure, low input in breeding R&D, and weak protection awareness. Opportunities include bringing into play strengths of rich tropical plant resources, stimulating enthusiasm for new variety R&D ad awareness for variety protection, promoting structural optimization of breeding input entities, raising technology level of breeding R&D, and promoting international cooperation of new variety protection. Threats include more strict restriction of intellectual property right, impact to weak fields of new variety R&D, and difficulty in implementing limitation of farmer privileges. Finally, it came up with four recommendations for breeding R&D of tropical crops in China in the contest of implementing UPOV Convention 1991 Act. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on DEA-Malmquist method, this paper calculated the integrated technology efficiency of grain production and total factor productivity and analyzed factors influencing the grain production technology efficiency using working documents of panel structure. Research results indicate that grain production integrated technology efficiency of China is relatively low, technology utilization level is low, and it remains at the stage of decreasing returns to scale, and the pure technology efficiency still has space to increase. Total factor productivity is declining and the total factor productivity of many provinces is relatively low. Since the total factor productivity of eastern areas is higher than central and western areas, it is required to strengthen technological support for grain production. The implementation of urbanization is helpful for promoting increase of grain production technology efficiency in central and eastern areas, but it will exert negative influence on western areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of 14 factors on food production in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain are analyzed by path analysis in this paper, and then the linear regression models of them are established by SPSS software. The results show that electricity consumption for agriculture, growing area of crops, the affected area, annual average temperature and arable land area at the end of the year have great effects on food production. Finally some recommendations are put forward to improve the food production in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain such as improving the level of agricultural mechanization, stabilizing food production, preventing natural disasters and increasing the effective irrigation area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to clarify the influence of different forest types on soil erosion resistance in water source area of Central Yunnan, with the soils under three different kinds of typical forest in Yizhe watershed as the research object, this paper uses field simulation method and principal component analysis to analyze the soil erosion resistance of three kinds of soils. The results show that there is a significant difference in the shear strength of soil among three types of typical forest, and the size of soil shear strength is in the order of Pinus yunnanensis forest land > mixed broadleaf-conifer forest land > eucalyptus forest land. The difference in the soil erosion coefficient among different forests is not significant, and the soil erosion resistance is highest in mixed broadleaf-conifer forest land (39. 0% ), followed by eucalyptus woodland (37. 0% ) and Pinus yunnanensis forest land (24. 0% ). Under heavy rain intensity and long duration of rainfall, the ability of soil under eucalyptus x Pinus yunnanensis mixed forests to resist disintegration is more obvious. Using principal component analysis to analyze soil erosion resistance of soils under three different forests, we get the comprehensive evaluation model for soil erosion resistance: F-0. 763 Y1 +0. 236Y2. The soil erosion resistance is in the order of mixed broadleaf-conifer forest land (0.150) > eucalyptus forest land (0.127) > Pinus yunnanensis forest land ( - 0. 079), indicating that the mixed forests have better water loss and soil erosion control effect than pure forests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper firstly analyzed current situations of financial support for rural cooperative economy in China and tested the correlation between rural finance and rural cooperative economy using the grey correlation analysis method. Results indicate that there is a close relation- ship between amount, structure and efficiency of rural finance and development of rural cooperative economy. The amount of rural finance has the largest promotion function to development of rural cooperative economy, the next is rural finance structure, and the least is efficiency of rural finance. Based on research conclusions, it came up with pertinent policy recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to solve the present dual contradiction of the low utilization of water resources in China's agricultural sector and the low land management efficiency, using Zigbee wireless sensor network and GPRS technology, this paper designs an intelligent monitoring system based on the GPRS and Zigbee wireless network technology. The Zigbee wireless sensor network is established based on the IEEE 802.15.4/Zigbee protocol, consisting of terminal node for capturing and transmitting soil and environmental information to the coordinator node (gateway node) or acting the control command from the GPRS network. The irrigation remote monitoring network layer consists of coordinator node connected by the TCP/IP protocol, which can implement the precision irrigation of crops and the information management of arable land to the monitor center or user. And the monitor center using Java to write the system is safe and effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On the basis of survey of current land use situation in Changfeng County, this paper analyzed land use structure, trend and environment of structural adjustment. Besides, it explored county-wide land use structure mode, namely, "division + indicator + policy". Through reasonable distribution, it is expected to build proper land use structure framework, avoid passive situation of relying on policies simply, and bring into play stability keeping function of land use structure, so as to promote county-wide economic development, and bring into play county-wide lever function of rural transition areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's rural land rights are incomplete in structure of land rights and functions due to status restriction. Settling dispute and problem of status in rural land right and function structure is of great significance for determining and guaranteeing subjects of rural land rights. The point connecting and solving rural land circulation issue is demonstration and settlement of status. Separating the status right from rural land property right, namely the secondary separation of right,is to realize such purpose. Currently, China's rural land right is a bundle of rights, not the right described in property pedigree in strict sense. Using theory of rights of Hohfeld, this paper discussed and analyzed legal relationship of secondary separation of China's rural land rights, in the hope of realizing real return from practice to theory and to practice again. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the current situation of industrial land supply, use and structure and industry pattern in Chizhou Economic and Technological Development Zone, and selects 83 typical enterprises which can reflect the comprehensive innustrial land utilization within this zone and the problems in economical and intensive utilization, to carry out the evaluation of economical and intensive utilization of industrial land. Based on the evaluation results, we find the problems in industrial land use and set forth corresponding recommendations in order to provide a reference for the future sustained land use in the development zone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is market equilibrium when the demand willingness is consistent with the supply willingness. From the individual preferences and budget constraints, Western Economics deduced demand curve, causing the traditional demand willingness to be built on the basis of subjective utility. From the relative labor time of economic entity, this paper discusses the relationship between labor time and price readiness, demand curve or supply curve, and establishes the market equilibrium model based on labor value. In a perfectly competitive environment, the equilibrium exchange price of the model is the ratio of labor value between two commodities, and combines demand and supply sides' recognition of commodity quantity of labor, reflecting the socially necessary labor time contained in commodities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Circular agriculture helps to solve the drawbacks of traditional agricultural production and achieve unified economic and ecological benefits, consistent with the concept of sustainable development. Based on the theoretical perspective of circular agriculture, this paper builds the evaluation indicator system for circular agriculture in Sichuan Province, and uses the coefficient of variation to evaluate the current situation of development of circular agriculture in Sichuan Province from 2000 to 2012. Then it analyzes the obstacles to the development of circular agriculture in Sichuan Province in 2012, and sets forth the targeted recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the background of the new urbanization, this paper performs an empirical analysis of requisition-compensation balance indicators in Chuzhou City, and points out the problems in the land transaction. At the national level, it is necessary to intoduce the measures to regulate the market transactions of requisi/on-compensation balance indicators as soon as possible, put safeguarding the interests of the majority of farmer in the frst place during market transactions, and establish the a unified market pla/orm for the transaction of land-related indicator, so as to boost te urban construction, promote the integration of urban and rural areas, and speed up the new urbanization process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human capital and finance can boost economic growth, and this paper performs empirical test of economic growth, human capital and financial level, and finds that tere is a long-term stable dynamic equilibrium relationship between te three. Results show that the finance and human capital in Qingdao City go through six stages ("imbalance-on the verge of imbalance-narrow coordination-primary coordination-intermediate coordination-well coordinaton"), and during the coordination process, human capital significantly lags behind. Therefore, it is necessary to increase human capital, accelerate the coordination between finance and human capital, and further promote the development of economic level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through the survey on agricultural technolog extension system in Hanjiang District of Yanghou City, this paper analyzed possible problems in the agricultural technolog extension system. Combining with newly revised Agricultural Technology Extension Law and modem agricultural extension theory, it discussed the new development direction. Finally, it came up with approaches and measures for establishing the agicultural technolog extension system in Hanjiang District. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper tries to answer the question that whether farmers can adjust better to climate change in the short-term than in long-term by using panel data models and long difference models respectively. We find that short term weather shocks are less detrimental to maize yield than the long-term climate changes, which can be seen as the evidences of adaptations. For adaptation options, we find farmers choose to decrease maize planting area or enlarge the irrigation inputs to cope with the increase of extreme heat days; when there are more precipitations, farmers will increase the input of fertilizer or labor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper firstly analyzed the operation model, market positioning, market demad forecast as well as market competition and ehdlenges, park site selection, and transportation conditions for construction of the Cold-Chmn Lgsties Park of Agricultural Products in Sanshui. Then, it presented the overall planning scheme for construction of the Cold-Chain Lgsties Park of Agricultural Products from a progressive two-stage perspective of overall planning and stage-hy-stage implementation. The first stage mainly performs the function as a transaction platform of agieultural products and meanwhile provides customers with agieultural products storage and inspection services. The second stage adds value-added services such as distrihution processing, modified atmosphere storage, freezing and refrigeration, maket price information distrihution, E-commerce of agricultural products and pereonalized seriees. It is expected to provide references and suggestions for the construction of the Cold-Chain Logsties Park of Agricultural Products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The expanded agricultural trade deficit in recent years concern about the international competitiveness of Chinese agricultural products. In this paper, guided by Michael Porter's diamond model theory, based on agricultural production and trade data in China and the world from 1986 to 2011, we use principal component analysis, cointegration and vector error correction model, to perform an empirical analysis of the impact of agricultural modernization , economic growth and industrialization on the international competitiveness of Chinese agricultural products. The results show that China's agricultural modernization is slow, the demand for agricultural products caused by economic growth is increased, and excessive rural labor transfer due to industrialization leads to decline in the international competitiveness of Chinese agricultural products. China should increase its efforts to promote the modernization of agriculture and level of industry nurturing agriculture ; use WTO rules to create a good international and domestic environment for the development of China's agriculture and improvement of the international competitiveness of agricultural products; give full play to the role of demand n boosting the industrial upgrading of domestic agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urbanization is a powerful engine for the growth of rural residents' consumption in China. This paper selects the cross-sectional data concerning 31 provinces (municipalities) in China during 2005 -2012, and builds the panel data model of influence of urbanization on rural residents' consumption in China for empirical analysis. The results show? that there is a significant positive correlation between urbanization ad rural residents' consumption level. From the mechanism, urbanization drives the growth of rural residents' consumption by improving rural residents' income level and changing rural residents' consumption concept. However , the uncertainties of rural residents' income inhibit the growth of rural residents' consumption. Therefore , it is necessary to accelerate the development of urbanization , broaden farmers' income channels, improve the consumer environment and accelerate the reform of the household registration system to further activate the rural consumer market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's grain production cost has risen constantly since 2003. This paper starts from the grain production cost changes of unit area and unit quality, to analyze the reasons for China's grain production cost change in the last decade. It points out that the direct cause of changes in grain production cost is the steady growth of material and services costs, the fastest growth of labor costs and fast growth of land costs. The indirect cause of grain production high cost is the low efficiency in numerous and dispersive farmer production management, obviously insufficient agricultural infrastructure construction, waste phenomenon grain in production process and low? contribution rate of agricultural technology. On this basis, it is recommended to reduce China's grain production cost and improve grain production conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On the basis of comparative analysis on the vegetable input-output efficiency of suburban and rural areas in 2011 -2012, this paper made co-integration test, impulse response and variance decomposition for the vegetable input-output relationship of suburban areas in 1998 -2012. Comparative analysis indicated that the vegetable input-output benefit of suburban area declines, while that of rural area rises ; empirical analysis indicated that there is a long-term stable relationship between labor cost of vegetable planting and vegetable income and between material cost of vegetable planting and vegetable income, but the vegetable income itself has certain lag effect, followed by material cost, ad the labor cost has minimum influence. Finally, it came up with recommendations for improving suburban vegetable input-output relationship, including improving vegetable input security mechanism, improving farmers' quality and innovation ability, and increasing technological input. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lack of public forestry information and techniques has restricted the development of forestry management and the income increase of rural farmers in hot region of Yunnan province. Therefore it is necessary to provide the forestry information and techniques to rural areas so as to compensate for the defects of the information gap between urban and rural areas. Based on the survey about farmer demand for information and technique in Menglian County, the paper analyzed the supply methods and demand characteristics of forestry information and techniques. The results showed that the farmers had very strong demands for forestry information and techniques with diversified trend. But the farmers got the information with backward method and single service supply approach, and it lacked effective expression mechanism for their demands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the integration of global economy and rapid development of information technology, China's economic and trade exchange will be further strengthened and social economic phenomenon will become more and more complex. Therefore, understanding fisher statistical systems and making comparative analysis become particularly important for formulating fisher development and economic management policies. Through comparative study on statistical systems, organization, statistical laws and regulations, statistical indicators, and statistical management and methods of different countries, this paper is intended to provide reference for improving China' s fisher statistical system and operating mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

County-level town is important space carrier of China's urbanization and the emphasis and key of strategic distribution for urbanization. Backwardness of county-level towns limits nearby transfer of surplus labor. To promote development of county-level towns, on the basis of classifying county-level towns, this paper analyzed motive and resistance factors of evolution of different county-level towns using historical data collection and statistical method, comparative approach, typical case study method, and studied development path for different county-level towns. From analysis, it reached the conclusion that industry exerts the most direct and fundamental influence on development of county-level towns, while the industrial development in county-level towns must base on their actual conditions. The county-level towns are not isolated, and their development should be established within the framework of national policy environment and superior and subordinate town system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper summaized the experience in high yield of wheat and com in Jieshou City ad made a further study on the supporting measures for the high yield of wheat ad corn on this basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using stakeholder survey, documentation and policy analysis, through the survey of stakeholders, this paper aims to explore the problems in the collectively owned land requisition compensation system and their causes, and put forth the reform ideas and measures to provide a reference for the development of new urbanization. The results show that there are some problems in the current land requisition compensation system, such as improper land requisition compensation standard and calculation method, low compensation standard, unsound social security system, irrational compensation and placement methods and low satisfaction of farmers whose land is requisitioned. Therefore, it is necessary to accelerate the reform of land requisition compensation system and smooth progress of new urbanization construction in accordance with the requirements of 3rd Plenum of the 18th Communist Party of China (CPC). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, using concentration data of PM2.5 in 2013 in China and referring to a lot of literature, we preliminary studied the pollution of fine particulate matter and suImnaazed PM2.5 source apportionment in the key cities in China. Our results showed that PM2.5 showed significant spatial and temporal distribution; high surface concentrations of PM2.5 concentrated mainly in the North China Plain, the Sichuan Basin, Yangtze River Delta and other regions; the average annual concentration of PM2.5 was about 80μg/m3 in North China Plain; Seasonal changes in the concentraton of PM2.5 was winter > spring > autumn > summer; fired sources, industrial sources, vehicle exhaust were the major sources of PM2.5 ; motor vehicle exhaust mostly contributed 10% - 30% to PM2.5. This review provides a fundamental undertanding of PM2.5 source apportionment and serves as an important reference for future source apportionment studies to be widely conducted in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many landscape plants have edible, medicinal, forage, industrial and other economic value, which has not been fully exploited. Effective development and utilization of the economic value of city landscape plant, conforms to the need of sustainable development and economical society, which is of great significance to the development of urban ecological civilization construction. In this paper, the landscape plant species in Shijiazhuang City and their economic value are investigated and analyzed, the principle and scheme of economic development and utilization of landscape plants in Shijiazhuang city value are put forward, which provides the reference for full and sustainable utilization of landscape plant resources in Shijiazhuang City. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking surface runoff of Coastal Highway in Liaoning Province as research object, this paper analyzed water quality characteristics of runoff and flow rules of pollutants. It proposed using constructed wetland treatment technique in the drainage system from the perspective of effectively removing major pollutants. Using the constructed wetland k - C * model and relevant experience, parameters of constructed wetland can be obtained. The basic model is as follows: constructed wetland lies in two sides of the road, and surface runoff sewage is collected and treated separately with 1 km road section as the collecton unit. The wetand area in one side is 191. 6 m2, average water depth is 0. 5 m, wetland width is 8 m, and wetland length is 24 m. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the needs of Liaoning province marine economic operation monitoring and evaluation system for capacity building in this paper, it proposes the concept of marine economy operation monitoring and evaluation system, and introduces the system construction content and its architecture, and discusses the key issues on the monitoring index system, evaluation index system, mechanism construction and system implementation. It will help to improve the Liaoning marine economic statistical informatization level and promote the innovation of marine economy in Liaoning, and expect to provide reference for the system construction of other coastal provinces' provincial marine economy operation monitoring and evaluation system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on a survey of 939 farmers in Sichuan and Chongqing, this paper analyzes the influencing factors of entrepreneurial farmers' formal financial credit demands and credit constraints with Probit model. It is found that entrepreneurial farmers have strong demand for formal financial credit, which is mainly production investment demand, but the formal financial credit constraint is obvious. Family size, cognition of loan procedures and conditions have a positive effect on entrepreneurial farmers' formal financial demand, while family per capita income, the distance between family location and the nearest formal financial organization, have negative influence. The relationship between householder' age and entrepreneurial farmers' successful formal loan presents inverted U shape, and educational level presents a negative correlation with successful loan. Compared with the traditional scale agricultural business, farmers engaged in other entrepreneurial businesses would get loan from formal financial institutions more difficultly. Understanding level of the loan procedures and conditions has a positive effect on successful loan. Compared with entrepreneurial farmers without employment, employed farmers are more likely to get loans. Statistically, householder' age and educational level, entrepreneurial business choices do not have significant effect on entrepreneurial households' formal financial credit demands. Family size, family per capital income, the distance between family location and the nearest formal financial organization, and the size of loan do not have significant influence on entrepreneurial households' successful loan. To get rid of formal financial credit constraints, we must implement the incremental reform of financial institutions, promote the formal finance of the villages and towns which can adapt to the farmers' financial demand, and create a good financial environment. Meanwhile, it is necessary to give impetus to innovation of financial management, products and services, reduce credit threshold, and adapt to the characteristics and demands of entrepreneurial households. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's aging pressure is increasingly serious. The elderly people are difficult to seek medical advice, the elderly dependency ratio is soaring, finance fails to bear such heavv load, and social endowment service pressure is also constantly increasing. Traditional endowment mode is already incapable of satisfying current endowment demands. On the basis of the population aging, this paper came up with the new endowment mode "hospital + nursing home" and analyzed its feasibility. Finally, it reached the conclusion that this endowment mode is helpful for solving problems of endowment and medical care, and alleviating the problem of population aging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rural tourism is a form of tourism relying on rural environment, with rural unique natural scene and cultural characteristics (production pattern, life style, folk customs, and rural culture) as object, and integrating sightseeing, vacation, recreation and shopping. Rural tourism provides recreation products for urban residents, promotes national and local economy, promotes rural employment, keeps traditional culture, improves rural ecological environment, and promotes urban and rural exchange. From concept and characteastics of rural toursm, this paper made a bref overiew of development background, realistic significance, influence factors, development mode, and existing problems, in the hope of providing favorable references for gasping development situation of rural tourism in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On the basis of analyzing the consumption status of rural residents in Kongpo, it can be seen that the concept of consumption value of rural residents in Kongpo tends to be cautious in daily consumption. There also exist premature consumption and excessive consumption that are centralized, seasonal and religious. This paper aims to put forward countermeasures and suggestions for guiding the rural residents in Kongpo to develop a scientific concept of consumption value in the light of the factors that restrict the formation of scientific consumption value among rural residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The regulations on illegal logging issued by EU, USA and Australia etc. affect the international forest product trade which includes China. Based on the questionnaire survey, stakeholder' s interview and field investigation, the paper analyses the Chinese enterprises ' response to the trade demand of international legal forest products including the awareness, impact, market demands, measures, challenges and also the policy proposed to respond to demands of international legal forest product trade. The results indicate that there are still many challenges and difficulties for Chinese companies to meet the demands, and it is necessary to provide more support from the policy, technique, administration and capacity building. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]