1. Role of Gasotransmitters in Oxidative Stresses, Neuroinflammation, and Neuronal Repair
- Author
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Junyang Jung, Seung Geun Yeo, Ulfuara Shefa, In Ok Song, Min-Sik Kim, Youngbuhm Huh, and Na Young Jeong
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,lcsh:Medicine ,Inflammation ,Review Article ,Biology ,Nitric Oxide ,medicine.disease_cause ,Cardiovascular System ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Nitric oxide ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Alzheimer Disease ,medicine ,Humans ,Hydrogen Sulfide ,Gasotransmitters ,Neuroinflammation ,Neurons ,Carbon Monoxide ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,lcsh:R ,Neurodegeneration ,Parkinson Disease ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Neuromodulation (medicine) ,Oxidative Stress ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Alzheimer's disease ,medicine.symptom ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
To date, three main gasotransmitters, that is, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitric oxide (NO), have been discovered to play major bodily physiological roles. These gasotransmitters have multiple functional roles in the body including physiologic and pathologic functions with respect to the cellular or tissue quantities of these gases. Gasotransmitters were originally known to have only detrimental and noxious effects in the body but that notion has much changed with years; vast studies demonstrated that these gasotransmitters are precisely involved in the normal physiological functioning of the body. From neuromodulation, oxidative stress subjugation, and cardiovascular tone regulation to immunomodulation, these gases perform critical roles, which, should they deviate from the norm, can trigger the genesis of a number of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). The purpose of this review is to discuss at great length physical and chemical properties and physiological actions of H2S, NO, and CO as well as shedding light on recently researched molecular targets. We particularly put emphasis on the roles in neuronal inflammation and neurodegeneration and neuronal repair.
- Published
- 2017