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Abstract Background Validation studies of the 21‐gene recurrence score (RS) previously demonstrated that adjuvant chemotherapy plus endocrine therapy (CET) was associated with a significant survival benefit in women with node negative breast cancer (BC) and RS >31. However, the TAILORx trial, did not quantify the benefit of adjuvant CET in older women with node negative hormone receptor positive (HR+) BC with RS ≥26. We hypothesized that CET would be associated with improved overall survival (OS) compared to endocrine therapy (ET) in women >50 with HR+/HER2‐node negative BC and RS ≥26. Methods The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was queried to identify women >50 with RS ≥26 ER+/HER2‐BC pT1‐2N0M0. Chi‐square and logistic regression analysis determined the difference between ET and CET. OS was analyzed using a multivariable Cox model. Results We included 16,745 women—4740 (28.3%) received ET and 12,005 (71.7%) received CET. Women who received CET had: moderately (OR = 1.853, p 50 years of age with RS ≥26 pT1 and pT2 N0M0 HR+/HER2‐breast cancer, and which suggests that cytotoxic chemotherapy has an impact on reducing mortality that is independent of induction of premature ovarian failure.

Abstract Background Patients with certain autoimmune conditions are at a reduced risk of developing breast cancer compared to the general population. Despite this, little is known about outcomes in patients with breast cancer who have a concurrent autoimmune diagnosis. Methods This study compared differences in outcomes between women with breast cancer who had or did not have an autoimmune diagnosis. The SEER‐Medicare databases (2007–2014) were used to identify patients with breast cancer and diagnosis codes were used to identify those with an autoimmune disorder. Results The studied autoimmune diseases had a prevalence of 27% among the 137,324 patients with breast cancer. Autoimmune disease was associated with significantly longer overall survival (OS) and significantly lower cancer‐specific mortality (CSM) among stage IV breast cancer patients (p

Abstract Background There is a male predominance of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) incidence, but survival data are conflicting. The objective of this study is to carry out a comprehensive analysis of sex differences in AML, and to investigate the impact of sex disparities in survival. Methods The cohort included patients ≥18 years diagnosed with AML (2010–2022). Demographics, treatment patterns, treatment adverse events, and survival were analyzed. The population was described and compared by sex, and sex‐based risks and associations were obtained via Cox proportional‐hazards regression. Results In total, 1020 AML patients were analyzed (57.4% males), with lower risk of death for females (aHR = 0.41, 95% CI 0.26–0.66). Among females, BMT (aHR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.27–0.97), hospitalization record (aHR = 0.65, 95%CI 0.45–0.93), and higher appointment completion rates (aHR = 0.98, 95% CI 0.98–0.98) were associated with lower risk of death. Overall, and similarly in males, higher age at diagnosis (aHR = 1.03, 95% CI 1.02–1.04) and a TP53 mutation (aHR = 2.24, 95% CI 1.69–2.97) were associated with higher risk of death. Conclusion Sex differences exist in both AML incidence and overall survival. Treatment and health care factors should be addressed by caregivers and public policies developed to reduce mortality rates and mitigate existing sex differences.